Oil refining sewage treatment device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses an oil refining sewage treatment device and method.The oil refining sewage treatment device comprises a filtering tank, external sewage is conveyed into the filtering tank through a first liquid inlet, and the bottom end of the filtering tank is communicated with the top end of a recycling tank through a pipeline; the filtering assembly comprises a first filtering part and a cleaning part, the first filtering part is arranged in the filtering tank body and is configured to filter residues in sewage through up-down repeated movement, and the cleaning part is arranged in the filtering tank body, is located below the first filtering part and is used for cleaning the first filtering part; the recycling assembly comprises a second filtering piece and a collecting piece, the second filtering piece is arranged in the recycling tank body and used for filtering oil in the sewage, and the collecting piece is arranged on the inner wall of the recycling tank body and used for scraping oil filtered on the second filtering piece. The oil refining sewage treatment device is simple in structure, high-efficiency filtration of oil refining sewage and recovery of oil in the oil refining sewage are guaranteed, the overall treatment efficiency is guaranteed, and resource waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a device and method for treating oil refinery sewage. Background Art

[0002] The refinery wastewater treatment device is a commonly used device in the refinery system. It is a device that treats chemical oily wastewater generated in the production process, raw material dehydration operations in the tank area, and sewage discharge operations of loading and unloading vehicles. It carries the function of treating chemical oily wastewater.

[0003] In the prior art, refinery wastewater containing a large amount of residue needs to be filtered first, but the existing refinery wastewater filtering device usually only has the residue filtering function. When the amount of residue is large, it is easy to dock on the filtering structure. At the same time, there is the disadvantage of the residue getting stuck and clogging the filtering structure, thereby affecting the overall filtration efficiency. In addition, the treatment device in the prior art usually cannot realize the recovery of oil in the refinery wastewater, thereby causing waste of internal oil when treating the refinery wastewater, resulting in waste of resources.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a refinery wastewater treatment device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refinery wastewater treatment device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a refinery wastewater treatment device, comprising:

[0007] The filter tank body has a first liquid inlet on one side, and external sewage is transported into the filter tank body through the first liquid inlet. The bottom end of the filter tank body is connected to the top end of the recovery tank body through a pipeline;

[0008] The filter assembly includes a first filter element and a cleaning element, wherein the first filter element is disposed in the filter tank body and is configured to filter residues in the sewage by repeatedly moving up and down, and the cleaning element is disposed in the filter tank body and below the first filter element, and is used to clean the first filter element;

[0009] The recovery component includes a second filter element and a collecting element. The second filter element is arranged in the recovery tank body to filter the oil in the sewage. The collecting element is arranged on the inner wall of the recovery tank body to scrape off the oil filtered by the second filter element.

[0010] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, the first filter element comprises:

[0011] A support ring is fixedly connected to the top of the filter tank body, and a plurality of sliding rods are slidably connected to the support ring along the circumferential direction, and the top ends of the sliding rods are fixedly connected to support plates;

[0012] The first filter plate has one end of a connecting rod fixedly connected to the middle of the top end thereof, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the support plate;

[0013] A driving member is provided in the filter tank body and located above the support ring, and the driving member is used for driving the support plate to move vertically.

[0014] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, the driving member includes: a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first filter plate, a plurality of cams are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft along the axial direction, the cams are in contact with the top of the support plate, a first motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filter tank body, and one end of the rotating shaft passes through the filter tank body and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor.

[0015] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, the cleaning part includes: a cleaning frame, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tank and is located directly below the first filter plate; a plurality of cleaning rods are fixedly connected to the cleaning frame; a plurality of filter holes are opened on the first filter plate; and the plurality of cleaning rods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of filter holes.

[0016] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, the second filter element includes: a second filter plate, the second filter plate is fixedly connected to the recovery tank body, a second liquid inlet is opened on the recovery tank body, the second liquid inlet is connected to the pipeline, and is located above the second filter plate, an oil collecting port is opened on the side wall of the recovery tank body, the oil collecting port corresponds to the second filter plate, an oil collecting tank is fixedly connected to the side wall of the recovery tank body, and the oil collecting port is connected to the oil collecting tank.

[0017] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, the cleaning component includes: two first chutes, which are opened on the two opposite inner walls of the recovery tank body, a first slider is slidably connected in the first chute, a cleaning scraper is fixedly connected between the two first sliders, the bottom end of the cleaning scraper is in sliding contact with the top end of the second filter plate, a movable platform is fixedly connected to the top end of the inside of the recovery tank body, and the first slider is connected to the movable platform.

[0018] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, the movable platform includes: a horizontal plate, which is connected to the top of the inner wall of the recovery tank body through a hydraulic cylinder, a second slide groove is opened at the bottom end of the horizontal plate, a threaded rod is rotatably connected in the second slide groove, a second slider is threadedly connected on the threaded rod, the outer wall of the second slider is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the second slide groove, a second motor is fixedly connected in the horizontal plate, one end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, and the second slider is connected to the first slider by a connecting rod.

[0019] According to the refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, a spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the top end of the support ring and the bottom end of the support plate respectively.

[0020] According to a refinery wastewater treatment device provided by the present invention, an annular groove body is fixedly connected to the filter tank body, the first filter plate is located in the annular groove body, and the outer wall of the first filter plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the annular groove body.

[0021] A method for treating refinery wastewater comprises the following steps:

[0022] The refinery wastewater is transported into the filter tank through the first liquid inlet, and the residue in the refinery wastewater is filtered by the first filter element;

[0023] During the filtration process, the residue stuck in the first filter element is cleaned by the provided cleaning element;

[0024] The refined wastewater after the residue is filtered is transported to the recovery tank through the pipeline, and the oil in the refined wastewater is filtered through the second filter element;

[0025] The oil filtered by the second filter element is collected by the provided collecting element.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0027] The present invention provides a refinery wastewater treatment device and method. When in use, the refinery wastewater is transported to a filter tank through a first liquid inlet, and the residue in the refinery wastewater is filtered by a first filter element. At the same time, the first filter element repeatedly moves up and down in the vertical direction, thereby enabling the first filter element to efficiently filter the residue, avoiding the accumulation of residue that affects the filtering efficiency. In addition, during the filtering process, the residue with a similar filter aperture on the first filter element is easily stuck in the hole. During the filtering process, the stuck residue is pushed out by a cleaning element, thereby avoiding filter blockage and ensuring the stability of the filtering. After the filtering is completed, the refined wastewater is transported to a recovery tank through a pipeline, and the oil in the refined wastewater is filtered by a second filter element in the recovery tank. After filtering, the filtered oil is collected by a collecting element, thereby realizing the recovery of oil in the wastewater and avoiding waste of resources. The present application has a simple structure, ensures efficient filtration of the refinery wastewater and recovery of the oil in the refinery wastewater, ensures overall treatment efficiency, and avoids waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter tank of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recovery tank of the present invention;

[0032] Among them, 1. filter tank body; 2. first liquid inlet; 3. pipeline; 4. recovery tank body; 5. support ring; 6. slide rod; 7. support plate; 8. first filter plate; 9. connecting rod; 10. rotating shaft; 11. cam; 12. first motor; 13. cleaning frame; 14. cleaning rod; 15. filter hole; 16. second filter plate; 17. second liquid inlet; 18. oil collecting port; 19. oil collecting tank; 20. first chute; 21. first slider; 22. cleaning scraper; 23. horizontal plate; 24. hydraulic cylinder; 25. second chute; 26. threaded rod; 27. second slider; 28. second motor; 29. ​​spring; 30. annular groove body; 31. connecting rod; 32. protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a refinery wastewater treatment device, comprising:

[0036] The filter tank body 1 has a first liquid inlet 2 on one side, and external sewage is transported into the filter tank body 1 through the first liquid inlet 2. The bottom end of the filter tank body 1 is connected to the top end of the recovery tank body 4 through a pipe 3;

[0037] The filter assembly includes a first filter element and a cleaning element. The first filter element is disposed in the filter tank body 1 and is configured to filter the residue in the sewage by repeatedly moving up and down. The cleaning element is disposed in the filter tank body 1 and is located below the first filter element. The cleaning element is used to clean the first filter element.

[0038] The recovery component includes a second filter element and a collecting element. The second filter element is arranged in the recovery tank body 4 for filtering the oil in the sewage. The collecting element is arranged on the inner wall of the recovery tank body 4 for scraping off the oil filtered by the second filter element.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 When in use, the refined wastewater is transported to the filter tank body 1 through the first liquid inlet 2, and the residue in the refined wastewater is filtered by the first filter element. At the same time, the first filter element performs repeated up and down movements in the vertical direction, and the filtering part is a conical structure, which can enable the first filter element to efficiently filter the residue, thereby avoiding the accumulation of residue affecting the filtering efficiency. In addition, during the filtering process, the residue with similar filter aperture on the first filter element is easily stuck in the hole. During the filtering process, the stuck residue is pushed out by the cleaning part provided, thereby avoiding filter blockage and ensuring the stability of the filtration. After the filtration is completed, it is transported to the recovery tank body 4 through the pipeline 3, and the oil in the refined wastewater is filtered by the second filter element in the recovery tank body 4. After filtration, the filtered oil is collected by the collecting part provided, thereby realizing the recovery of oil in the sewage and avoiding waste of resources.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, the first filter element includes: a support ring 5, fixedly connected to the top of the filter tank body 1, a plurality of slide rods 6 are slidably connected to the support ring 5 along the circumferential direction, and a support plate 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the slide rod 6;

[0041] The first filter plate 8 has one end of a connecting rod 9 fixedly connected to the middle of the top end, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the support plate 7;

[0042] The driving member is arranged in the filter tank body 1 and located above the support ring 5. The driving member is used to drive the support plate 7 to move vertically.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The support ring 5 is fixed in the filter tank body 1 and supported by the slide rod 6. The support ring 5 is moved vertically by the provided driving member, thereby driving the first filter plate 8 connected below to move vertically. The docked residue is guided to the outer ring by vertical shaking, thereby avoiding residue accumulation and ensuring continuous and stable filtration of the residue.

[0044] Specifically, the first filter plate 8 has a conical structure to further prevent residue accumulation.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, the driving member includes: a rotating shaft 10, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first filter plate 8, and a plurality of cams 11 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 10 along the axial direction, and the cams 11 are in contact with the top of the support plate 7. A first motor 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filter tank body 1, and one end of the rotating shaft 10 passes through the filter tank body 1 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 12.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The rotating shaft 10 is condensed on the filter tank body 1 through the rotation of the bearing, and is driven to rotate by the first motor 12. When the rotating shaft 10 rotates, it drives the fixedly connected cam 11 to rotate. When the long end of the cam 11 contacts the support plate 7, the support plate 7 is squeezed downward and moves downward. On the contrary, the short end of the cam 11 contacts the support plate 7, and the support plate 7 is reset and moves upward, thereby realizing the repeated vertical movement of the support plate 7, driving the connected first filter plate 8 to perform repeated vertical movement.

[0047] As an optional embodiment, the cleaning part includes: a cleaning frame 13, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tank body 1 and is located directly below the first filter plate 8. A number of cleaning rods 14 are fixedly connected to the cleaning frame 13, and a number of filter holes 15 are opened on the first filter plate 8. The number of cleaning rods 14 corresponds one-to-one to the number of filter holes 15.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2The cleaning frame 13 is a frame structure, which is located directly below the first filter plate 8 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tank body 1. In the initial state, there is a gap between the cleaning rod 14 on the cleaning frame 13 and the filter hole 15. When the first filter plate 8 moves downward, the corresponding cleaning rod 14 extends into the corresponding filter hole 15 to push out the stuck residue, thereby realizing the cleaning of the first filter plate 8 and ensuring the subsequent filtration efficiency.

[0049] As an optional embodiment, the second filter element includes: a second filter plate 16, the second filter plate 16 is fixedly connected to the recovery tank body 4, a second liquid inlet 17 is opened on the recovery tank body 4, the second liquid inlet 17 is connected to the pipeline 3, and is located above the second filter plate 16, an oil collection port 18 is opened on the side wall of the recovery tank body 4, the oil collection port 18 corresponds to the second filter plate 16, an oil collecting tank 19 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the recovery tank body 4, and the oil collection port 18 is connected to the oil collecting tank 19.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 The second filter plate 16 is provided to filter the refinery wastewater after filtering the residue again, and the oil in the refinery wastewater is separated and processed, thereby realizing oil recovery.

[0051] Specifically, the second filter plate 16 is preferably an oleophobic and hydrophilic filter plate, thereby achieving separation of oil and water.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, the cleaning part includes: two first chutes 20, which are opened on the two opposite inner walls of the recovery tank body 4, and a first slider 21 is slidably connected in the first chute 20, and a cleaning scraper 22 is fixedly connected between the two first sliders 21. The bottom end of the cleaning scraper 22 is in sliding contact with the top of the second filter plate 16, and a moving platform is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the recovery tank body 4, and the first slider 21 is connected to the moving platform.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 The first chute 20 is opened on the side wall of the recovery tank body 4, and the first slider 21 is driven to move in the first chute 20 by the movable platform, so that the oil separated by the second filter plate 16 is collected into the oil collecting tank 19.

[0054] Specifically, the first chute 20 is a U-shaped structure, so that the cleaning scraper 22 can scrape from one end to the other end, and then separate from the second filter plate 16 to repeat the scraping.

[0055] As an optional embodiment, the mobile platform includes: a horizontal plate 23, which is connected to the top of the inner wall of the recovery tank 4 through a hydraulic cylinder 24, a second slide groove 25 is opened at the bottom end of the horizontal plate 23, a threaded rod 26 is rotatably connected in the second slide groove 25, a second slider 27 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 26, the outer wall of the second slider 27 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the second slide groove 25, a second motor 28 is fixedly connected in the horizontal plate 23, one end of the threaded rod 26 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 28, and the second slider 27 is connected to the first slider 21 through a connecting rod 31.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 The second motor 28 drives the threaded rod 26 to rotate, thereby realizing the lateral movement of the cleaning scraper 22, and the hydraulic cylinder 24 drives the horizontal plate 23 to move, thereby realizing the vertical movement of the cleaning scraper 22.

[0057] Specifically, a protrusion 32 is further provided at the top of the oil collecting port 18 , which contacts the side wall of the cleaning scraper 22 to clean the oil on the cleaning scraper 22 .

[0058] As an optional embodiment, a spring 29 is sleeved on the slide rod 6 , and both ends of the spring 29 are fixedly connected to the top end of the support ring 5 and the bottom end of the support plate 7 respectively.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 The reset of the support plate 7 is ensured by the provided spring 29.

[0060] As an optional embodiment, an annular groove body 30 is fixedly connected to the filter tank body 1, the first filter plate 8 is located in the annular groove body 30, and the outer wall of the first filter plate 8 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the annular groove body 30.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The annular groove body 30 is a mesh structure, which is used to collect the residue collected on the first filter plate 8.

[0062] A method for treating refinery wastewater comprises the following steps:

[0063] The refined wastewater is transported to the filter tank 1 through the first liquid inlet 2, and the residue in the refined wastewater is filtered through the first filter element;

[0064] During the filtration process, the residue stuck in the first filter element is cleaned by the provided cleaning element;

[0065] The refined wastewater after the residue is filtered is transported to the recovery tank 4 through the pipeline 3, and the oil in the refined wastewater is filtered through the second filter element;

[0066] The oil filtered on the second filter element is collected by a provided collecting element.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0068] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refinery wastewater treatment device, characterized in that: include: The filter tank (1) has a first liquid inlet (2) on one side, and external sewage is transported into the filter tank (1) through the first liquid inlet (2). The bottom end of the filter tank (1) is connected to the top end of the recovery tank (4) through a pipe (3); A filter assembly comprising a first filter element and a cleaning element, wherein the first filter element is arranged in the filter tank body (1) and is configured to filter residues in sewage by repeatedly moving up and down, and the cleaning element is arranged in the filter tank body (1) and below the first filter element, and is used to clean the first filter element; The recovery component comprises a second filter element and a collecting element, wherein the second filter element is arranged in the recovery tank body (4) for filtering oil in sewage, and the collecting element is arranged on the inner wall of the recovery tank body (4) for scraping off the oil filtered by the second filter element.

2. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter element comprises: A support ring (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the filter tank body (1); a plurality of slide rods (6) are slidably connected to the support ring (5) along the circumferential direction; and a support plate (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the slide rod (6); The first filter plate (8) has one end of a connecting rod (9) fixedly connected to the middle of the top end, and the other end of the connecting rod (9) is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the support plate (7); A driving member is arranged in the filter tank body (1) and located above the support ring (5), and the driving member is used to drive the support plate (7) to move vertically.

3. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving member comprises: a rotating shaft (10) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first filter plate (8); a plurality of cams (11) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (10) along the axial direction; the cams (11) are in contact with the top of the support plate (7); a first motor (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the filter tank body (1); one end of the rotating shaft (10) passes through the filter tank body (1) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (12).

4. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning member comprises: a cleaning frame (13) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter tank body (1) and located directly below the first filter plate (8); a plurality of cleaning rods (14) fixedly connected to the cleaning frame (13); a plurality of filter holes (15) formed on the first filter plate (8); and a plurality of cleaning rods (14) corresponding to a plurality of filter holes (15) on a one-to-one basis.

5. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second filter element comprises: a second filter plate (16), the second filter plate (16) is fixedly connected in the recovery tank body (4), a second liquid inlet (17) is provided on the recovery tank body (4), the second liquid inlet (17) is communicated with the pipeline (3), and is located above the second filter plate (16), an oil collecting port (18) is provided on the side wall of the recovery tank body (4), the oil collecting port (18) corresponds to the second filter plate (16), an oil collecting tank (19) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the recovery tank body (4), and the oil collecting port (18) is communicated with the oil collecting tank (19).

6. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning component comprises: two first chutes (20) provided on two opposite inner side walls of the recovery tank body (4); a first slider (21) is slidably connected in the first chutes (20); a cleaning scraper (22) is fixedly connected between the two first sliders (21); the bottom end of the cleaning scraper (22) is in sliding contact with the top end of the second filter plate (16); a movable platform is fixedly connected to the top end of the interior of the recovery tank body (4); and the first slider (21) is connected to the movable platform.

7. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mobile platform comprises: a transverse plate (23) connected to the top of the inner wall of the recovery tank (4) through a hydraulic cylinder (24); a second slide groove (25) is provided at the bottom end of the transverse plate (23); a threaded rod (26) is rotatably connected in the second slide groove (25); a second slider (27) is threadedly connected on the threaded rod (26); the outer wall of the second slider (27) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the second slide groove (25); a second motor (28) is fixedly connected in the transverse plate (23); one end of the threaded rod (26) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (28); and the second slider (27) is connected to the first slider (21) through a connecting rod (31).

8. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring (29) is sleeved on the slide rod (6), and two ends of the spring (29) are fixedly connected to the top end of the support ring (5) and the bottom end of the support plate (7) respectively.

9. A refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular groove body (30) is fixedly connected to the filter tank body (1), the first filter plate (8) is located in the annular groove body (30), and the outer wall of the first filter plate (8) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the annular groove body (30).

10. A method for treating refinery wastewater, applicable to the refinery wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The refinery wastewater is transported into the filter tank (1) through the first liquid inlet (2), and the residue in the refinery wastewater is filtered through the provided first filter element; During the filtration process, the residue stuck in the first filter element is cleaned by the provided cleaning element; The refined wastewater after the residue is filtered is transported to the recovery tank (4) through the pipeline (3), and the oil in the refined wastewater is filtered through the second filter element; The oil filtered by the second filter element is collected by the provided collecting element.

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