Organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali land, a preparation method and application. The organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali land comprises the following components in parts by mass: mussel meat conditioner 20-30 parts, rotten organic fertilizer 10-20 parts, humic acid 3-8 parts, diatomite 5-10 parts, gypsum 5-10 parts, sulfur powder 1-3 parts, polyglutamic acid 0.1-0.3 parts, and microbial agent with 10 9 ‑10 10 CFU / g of viable bacteria in the organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer of the application not only helps to improve the yield of crops in the soda saline-alkali area, but also reduces the soil salt content and the alkalization degree.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil, a preparation method and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is particularly important to develop an effective improver to improve the soil structure of saline-alkali soil, reduce the salt content of soil and improve the soil fertility.

[0003] Although the chemical fertilizer widely used in the prior art can improve the crop yield in a short term, long-term application will cause problems such as soil compaction and intensified salinization, especially in the saline-alkali region like Songnen Plain. Although some physical improvement methods such as soil replacement and drainage are effective, they are high in cost and not suitable for large-scale promotion. The method of using specific plants or microorganisms for soil improvement is greatly limited by environmental conditions and the effect is not stable enough.

[0004] At present, although there are various organic fertilizer products for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil on the market, most of them are general formulas and lack of differentiated design for different regions and different types of saline-alkali soil. Especially for the typical soda saline-alkali soil distribution area of Songnen Plain, the existing organic fertilizer is not ideal in reducing the soil pH value, relieving sodium ion toxicity and improving the organic matter content, and it is difficult to achieve the goal of soil structure improvement and soil fertility recovery. At the same time, due to the special physicochemical properties of the soda saline-alkali soil in Songnen Plain, the conventional organic fertilizer often has problems such as slow decomposition, unbalanced nutrient release and limited improvement effect during the application process, which cannot meet the actual needs of local agricultural production.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an organic fertilizer specially for the soil characteristics of the soda saline-alkali soil in Songnen Plain. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims to provide an organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil, a preparation method and application.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] The application provides an organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following components in mass fraction: mussel meat conditioner 20-30 parts, mature organic fertilizer 10-20 parts, humic acid 3-8 parts, diatomite 5-10 parts, gypsum 5-10 parts, sulfur powder 1-3 parts, polyglutamic acid 0.1-0.3 parts, and microbial agent with 10 9 -10 10 CFU / g of viable bacteria in the organic fertilizer.

[0009] Preferably, the microbial agent comprises Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Azotobacter chroococcum.

[0010] Preferably, the quantity ratio of the living bacteria of Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus paraborealis and Azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial inoculant is 1: (1.4-1.7): (0.3-0.6).

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the mussel meat conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) cut the collected waste mussel meat into pieces, rinse with flowing cold water, then soak to obtain desalted mussel meat;

[0013] (2) mix the desalted mussel meat and the Lentinula edodes extract residue, add water to obtain a mixture, add the microbial inoculant, perform aerobic fermentation, sterilize after the fermentation is completed, concentrate the fermented material, and dry to obtain the mussel meat conditioner.

[0014] Preferably, the microbial inoculant comprises food Bacillus calidus and Bacillus subtilis, and the quantity ratio of the living bacteria is (1.2-1.4):1.

[0015] Preferably, the microbial inoculant is added in the mixture in an amount of 10 6 -10 7 CFU / mL.

[0016] Preferably, the aerobic fermentation is performed at 30-40 DEG C for 7-10 days.

[0017] Preferably, the desalted mussel meat and the Lentinula edodes extract residue are mixed in a mass ratio of (2-3):1.

[0018] The application provides a preparation method of an organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil.

[0019] The application provides application of the organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil in Songnen Plain soda saline-alkali soil.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The application provides an organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil, which has the effects of significantly improving soil structure, improving land productivity and gradually relieving soil salinization.

[0022] 2. While increasing yield, the organic fertilizer of this invention also has a good soil remediation function, which can continuously improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil and restore soil fertility. In the future, by promoting the application of this organic fertilizer, it will not only help improve the agricultural production efficiency in soda saline-alkali areas, but also provide strong support for the sustainable use of arable land resources and promote the development of green ecological agriculture. It has broad prospects for promotion and social and economic benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] All raw materials used in the following embodiments of the present invention are commercially available products:

[0025] Bacillus megaterium, strain number: HZB118666, Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0026] Lateral spores of Bacillus brevis, strain number: HZB196897, Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0027] Azotobacter brownii, strain number: HZB221966, Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0028] Foodborne Bacillus thermophilus, strain number: HZB752895, Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0029] Bacillus subtilis, strain number: HZB199346, Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0030] Bacillus licheniformis, strain number: HZB198981, Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0031] Fermented organic fertilizer, Shijiazhuang Dongqi Bio-fertilizer Co., Ltd., fermented and decomposed sheep manure fertilizer.

[0032] The residue from shiitake mushroom extract is the residue left after extracting natural flavorings for food seasonings from shiitake mushrooms.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides an organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali land, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts freshwater mussel meat conditioner, 17 parts well-rotted organic fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts diatomaceous earth, 7 parts gypsum, 2 parts sulfur powder, 0.2 parts polyglutamic acid, and a microbial agent with a viable bacteria count of 5 × 10⁻⁶ in the organic fertilizer. 9CFU / g.

[0035] The microbial agent includes Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Azotobacter chroococcum.

[0036] The preparation method of the mussel meat conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0037] (1) The collected waste mussel meat is cut into pieces with a length of 2 cm, a width of 2 cm and a thickness of less than 1 mm, washed with flowing cold water for 10 minutes, then soaked in 4 DEG C pure water for 2 hours, and the water is changed for 3 times, and then the water is drained to obtain desalted mussel meat;

[0038] (2) The desalted mussel meat and mushroom extract residue are mixed according to a mass ratio of 2.5:1, water is added to obtain a mixture, the amount of water added is 8 times the total mass of the desalted mussel meat and the mushroom extract residue, a microbial agent is added, the microbial agent includes food Bacillus calidus and Bacillus subtilis with a live bacteria quantity ratio of 1.3:1, and the amount of the microbial agent added in the mixture is 10 6 CFU / mL, 37 DEG C aerobic fermentation is performed for 8 days, sterile air is passed at a flow rate of 0.06 vvm, sterilization is performed after the fermentation is completed, a fermented material is obtained, the fermented material is concentrated and dried to obtain a mussel meat conditioner.

[0039] The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: a microbial agent is atomized and sprayed onto the surface of diatomite by using a spray mixing stirrer to obtain diatomite loaded with the microbial agent, and the diatomite loaded with the microbial agent and remaining components are uniformly mixed to obtain the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The example provides the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following components in mass fractions: 20 parts of mussel meat conditioner, 20 parts of mature organic fertilizer, 3 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of gypsum, 3 parts of sulfur powder and 0.1 part of polyglutamic acid. 10 CFU / g.

[0042] The microbial agent includes Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Azotobacter chroococcum.

[0043] The preparation method of the mussel meat conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) The collected waste river clam meat is cut into pieces with a length of 2 cm, a width of 2 cm and a thickness of less than 1 mm, washed with flowing cold water for 10 minutes, then soaked in 4℃ pure water for 2 hours, changed water for 3 times, drained, and desalted river clam meat is obtained;

[0045] (2) The desalted river clam meat and mushroom extract residue are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, water is added to obtain a mixture, the amount of water added is 8 times the total mass of the desalted river clam meat and the mushroom extract residue, a bacterial agent is added, the bacterial agent includes food Bacillus calidifaciens and Bacillus subtilis with a live bacteria quantity ratio of 1.4:1, the amount of the bacterial agent added in the mixture is 10 6 CFU / mL, 37℃ aerobic fermentation for 7 days, the sterile air flow is 0.06vvm, after fermentation, sterilization is performed, a fermented material is obtained, the fermented material is concentrated and dried to obtain a river clam meat conditioner.

[0046] The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: a microbial agent is atomized and sprayed onto the surface of diatomite by using a spray mixing stirrer to obtain diatomite loaded with the microbial agent, and the diatomite loaded with the microbial agent and remaining components are uniformly mixed to obtain the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil.

[0047] Embodiment 3

[0048] The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following components in mass fractions: 30 parts of a river clam meat conditioner, 10 parts of a matured organic fertilizer, 8 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of gypsum, 1 part of sulfur powder and 0.3 part of polyglutamic acid, and the live bacteria number of the microbial agent in the organic fertilizer is 10 9 CFU / g.

[0049] The microbial agent comprises Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Azotobacter chroococcum. The live bacteria quantity ratio of the Bacillus megaterium, the Brevibacillus laterosporus and the Azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial agent is 1:1.7:0.3.

[0050] The preparation method of the river clam meat conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) The collected waste river clam meat is cut into pieces with a length of 2 cm, a width of 2 cm and a thickness of less than 1 mm, washed with flowing cold water for 10 minutes, then soaked in 4℃ pure water for 2 hours, changed water for 3 times, drained, and desalted river clam meat is obtained;

[0052] (2) The desalted river clam meat and mushroom extract residue are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, water is added to obtain a mixture, the amount of water added is 8 times the total mass of the desalted river clam meat and the mushroom extract residue, a bacterial agent is added, the bacterial agent includes food Bacillus calidifaciens and Bacillus subtilis with a live bacteria quantity ratio of 1.2:1, the amount of the bacterial agent added in the mixture is 107 CFU / mL, aerobic fermentation at 37℃ for 10 days, sterile air flow rate of 0.06 vvm, sterilization after fermentation, to obtain the fermented material, concentration and drying of the fermented material to obtain the clam meat conditioner.

[0053] The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: spraying and mixing a microbial agent on the surface of diatomite by using a spraying mixing stirrer to obtain diatomite loaded with the microbial agent, and uniformly mixing the diatomite loaded with the microbial agent and remaining components to obtain the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that the organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil comprises the following components in mass fraction: 15 parts of the clam meat conditioner, 17 parts of the matured organic fertilizer, 6 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of gypsum, 2 parts of sulfur powder, 0.2 parts of polyglutamic acid, and the viable cell count of the microbial agent in the organic fertilizer is 5×10 10 CFU / g.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that the viable cell count ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial agent is 1.5:0.4:1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that the viable cell count ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial agent is 0.4:1:1.5.

[0060] Comparative Example 4

[0061] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that Brevibacillus laterosporus is replaced by Bacillus subtilis.

[0062] The viable cell count ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial agent is 1:1.5:0.4.

[0063] Comparative Example 5

[0064] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that Brevibacillus laterosporus is replaced by Bacillus licheniformis.

[0065] The viable cell count ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis and Azotobacter chroococcum in the microbial agent is 1:1.5:0.4.

[0066] Comparative Example 6

[0067] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that the fermentation is carried out using only the mushroom extract residue without adding the desalted river mussel meat.

[0068] Comparative Example 7

[0069] The difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that the microbial agent comprises Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 1.3:1 by number of viable bacteria.

[0070] Performance test

[0071] Jilin Da'an was selected as the test field, and corn (variety: Jidan 27) was planted. The physicochemical properties of the soda saline soil were as follows: the total salt content of the soil was 13.8 g / kg, the pH value was 9.03, and the organic matter content was 9.13 g / kg. On the basis of the local planting mode, a blank control group, an experimental control group, and an experimental group were set up.

[0072] Blank control group: no additional organic fertilizer was applied.

[0073] Experimental control group: on the basis of the local planting mode fertilization, 50 kg of commercially available organic fertilizer (Handan City Yuanwo Fertilizer Industry Technology Co., Ltd., biological organic microbial fertilizer, registration certificate number: microbial fertilizer (2018) Zhun Zi (5202)) was applied per mu.

[0074] Experimental group: on the basis of the local planting mode fertilization, 50 kg of the organic fertilizer of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-7 was applied per mu.

[0075] The area of each plot was 0.4 hm 2 , repeated 3 times. The yield of corn and the physicochemical properties of the soil after corn harvest were determined.

[0076] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1 Performance test results

[0078] ;

[0079] As can be seen from Table 1, the organic fertilizer of Example 1-3 can reduce the pH of the soda saline soil, has excellent desalination effect, increases the organic matter content, and has high corn yield, which is significantly better than the effect of the commercially available product (experimental control group).

[0080] The river bivalve mainly lives in fresh water lake and pond, and in China, there are two kinds of river bivalve, i.e., the Hyriopsis cernica and the Cristaria plicata, which can produce pearls, and the river bivalve meat for taking pearls has a very strong fishy smell and is often difficult to handle as waste. However, the river bivalve meat is rich in organic components, can improve the soil aggregate structure, relieve the hardening problem of saline-alkali land, and enhance the air permeability and water retention. It can be known from the comparative example 1 that the river bivalve meat conditioner and the microbial agent in the organic fertilizer of the present application can produce a synergistic effect, and by adding a specific proportion in the organic fertilizer, the effect of improving the soil can be better.

[0081] It can be known from 2-5 that the microbial agent of the present application can better play the effect by the specific strains and proportion compounding, one is that the three kinds of bacteria in the microbial agent can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil through the synergistic effect, and two is that the specific proportion of the microbial agent can produce a better compounding effect with the river bivalve meat conditioner through compounding.

[0082] It can be known from the comparative example 6 that by co-fermenting the desalted river bivalve meat and the shiitake extract residue, the shiitake extract residue itself can improve the soil after fermentation, and after adding the shiitake extract residue in the fermentation process, the fermentation system composed of the desalted river bivalve meat and the shiitake extract residue provides a better fermentation environment for the microbial agent fermentation, and the effective component content of the obtained river bivalve meat conditioner is higher.

[0083] It can be known from the comparative example 7 that the composition of the fermented microbial agent can affect the composition of the final river bivalve meat conditioner, and further affect the effect of the organic fertilizer.

[0084] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil, characterized in that, The components include the following quality parts: mussel meat conditioner 20-30 parts, rotten organic fertilizer 10-20 parts, humic acid 3-8 parts, diatomite 5-10 parts, gypsum 5-10 parts, sulfur powder 1-3 parts, polyglutamic acid 0.1-0.3 parts and microbial agent, the viable bacterial count of the microbial agent in the organic fertilizer is 10 9 -10 10 CFU / g; The preparation method of the mussel meat conditioner comprises the following steps: (1) the collected waste mussel meat is washed with flowing cold water, and then soaked to obtain desalted mussel meat; (2) the desalted mussel meat and mushroom extract residue are mixed, and then a microbial agent is used for aerobic fermentation to obtain the product; The microbial agent comprises food bacillus calidus and bacillus subtilis with a live bacteria quantity ratio of (1.2-1.4):

1.

2. The organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agent comprises bacillus megaterium, brevibacillus laterosporus and azotobacter paspali.

3. The organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The live bacteria quantity ratio of bacillus megaterium, b. laterosporus and azotobacter paspali in the microbial agent is 1:(1.4-1.7):(0.3-0.6).

4. The organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerobic fermentation condition is 30-40 DEG C aerobic fermentation for 7-10 days.

5. The organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of the microbial agent added to the mixture was 10 6 -10 7 CFU / mL.

6. The organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desalted mussel meat and mushroom extract residue are mixed in a mass ratio of (2-3):

1.

7. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The microbial agent is sprayed on the surface of diatomite to obtain diatomite loaded with the microbial agent, and the diatomite loaded with the microbial agent and the remaining components are uniformly mixed to obtain an organic fertilizer for improving the soil structure of saline-alkali soil.

8. The use of the organic fertilizer for improving soil structure of saline-alkali soil according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The application is used in soda saline-alkali soil in Songnen Plain.