Soil remediation agent for conditioning continuous cropping obstacles of potatoes and preparation method of soil remediation agent

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of potato planting, and particularly discloses a soil remediation agent for conditioning continuous cropping obstacles of potatoes and a preparation method of the soil remediation agent. A soil remediation agent for conditioning continuous cropping obstacles of potatoes comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of volcanic rock powder, 60-70 parts of biomass, 15-20 parts of zeolite powder, 3-5 parts of nano-selenium, 8-12 parts of mineral source humic acid, 1-3 parts of a compound fermentation inoculant and 6-11 parts of a functional inoculant. The biomass comprises grassland sheep manure and wool residues in a mass ratio of (2-5): 1; the functional fungicide comprises a trichoderma longibrachiatum fungicide. The soil remediation agent for conditioning the continuous cropping obstacles of the potatoes can be used for conditioning and repairing soil with the continuous cropping obstacles of the potatoes, the continuous cropping obstacle phenomenon of the potatoes can be effectively improved, the yield of the potatoes is increased, and meanwhile the quality of the potatoes is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of potato planting, and more specifically, to a soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the long-term practice of agricultural cultivation, continuous cropping has become one of the main factors that reduce crop yield and quality. Continuous cropping refers to the phenomenon of reduced yield and quality, stunted growth, and decreased disease resistance after continuous cropping of the same or closely related crops, even under normal cultivation and management. The causes of continuous cropping are the result of the combined effects of numerous factors within both the crop and soil systems. Effectively addressing this issue not only affects economic efficiency but also has a significant impact on the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0003] Potatoes are suitable for growing in loose, fertile, well-drained, organic-rich sandy soils with a pH value between 5.5 and 7.0. In fact, as the years of potato cultivation increase, changes in soil physical and chemical properties, reduced soil enzyme activity, nutrient loss, imbalance of rhizosphere microecology, and plant allelopathic effects lead to continuous cropping obstacles. In particular, in the southern region, the soil is acidic due to climate influence. The potato planting areas in these areas will further aggravate acidification after continuous potato cropping. The soil pH value is mostly between 4.5 and 5.5. The soil is seriously lacking in organic matter, acidified, with excess phosphorus and potassium, high bulk density, and air- and water-impermeable soils. Potato yield and quality are seriously hindered.

[0004] In the existing technology, most of the methods to solve the problem of continuous cropping of potatoes are to rotate them with other crops such as corn, rapeseed and other non-Solanaceae crops to improve the soil environment, prevent nutrient imbalance, and reduce crop diseases and pests, or to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides to quickly improve soil fertility and prevent diseases and pests.

[0005] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found that although the implementation of plant rotation can effectively improve the phenomenon of potato joint obstruction, it also sacrifices the planting time of potatoes, at the expense of potato planting income. In particular, for potato farmers in areas with limited land resources and climatic conditions, crop rotation is difficult to implement and may affect the farmers' economic benefits. The rotation cycle is long and it is difficult to see results in the short term. The long-term use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will further aggravate soil acidification and salinization, increase environmental pollution, and pathogens and pests are prone to develop drug resistance, and the effect gradually weakens. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to improve the phenomenon of potato continuous cropping obstacles, increase potato yield and ensure potato quality, the present application provides a soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping problems, which adopts the following technical solution: A soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping problems, comprising, by weight, 30-40 parts of volcanic rock powder, 60-70 parts of biomass, 15-20 parts of zeolite powder, 3-5 parts of nano-selenium, 8-12 parts of mineral-derived humic acid, 1-3 parts of a composite fermentation agent, and 6-11 parts of a functional bacterial agent. The biomass comprises grassland sheep manure and wool residue in a mass ratio of (2-5):1; The functional bacterial agent includes a long-branch Trichoderma agent.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder are both alkaline, have rich pore structures, and are rich in calcium, magnesium and trace elements. On the one hand, they can serve as effective adsorption carriers for functional bacterial agents, provide a good and stable habitat for microorganisms, and maintain the balance of soil microecology. On the other hand, when applied to the soil, they can effectively increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water retention of the continuously cropped soil, thereby improving the physical and chemical properties of the continuously cropped soil, making the soil more loose, which is conducive to promoting the growth and development of plant roots, and has an effective improvement effect on acidified soil and soil with excessive phosphorus and potassium.

[0009] The biomass of this application is selected from grassland sheep manure and wool residue, which is different from feed fattening sheep manure. The food source of grassland sheep is mainly natural pasture, which is rich in nutrients such as fiber, protein, minerals and vitamins, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, and bioactive substances such as polyphenols and flavonoids. This makes the sheep manure of grassland sheep have a higher organic matter content, effectively improving soil fertility. These trace elements and bioactive substances will also be partially retained after passing through the sheep's system, which has a promoting effect on the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, helps to maintain a good balance of the root micro-ecosystem, and thus promotes the growth of plant roots. In addition, because the natural pasture ingested by sheep is rich in some natural antibacterial substances and mineral components, this makes the grassland sheep manure have a certain natural disinfection function and has a stronger alkalinity, which is effective in improving the acidified soil caused by repeated cropping.

[0010] Using Trichoderma longifolia as a functional agent can produce a good symbiotic effect with mineral-derived humic acid, and when mixed, they can form an organic biological complex. This not only helps to increase the organic matter content of the soil, but Trichoderma longifolia can parasitically reproduce on humus, and its metabolites contain large amounts of biological humic acid, antibiotics, hormones, enzymes, and biochemically active substances. This has significant advantages in soil remediation and disease prevention and growth promotion when planting potatoes in continuous soil. After being mixed with other raw materials and applied to the field, humic acid can undergo hydration and expansion to become colloidal particles. Through cross-linking and adsorption, the soil particles are transformed into a living soil aggregate structure, effectively repairing continuous soil, creating a good ecological soil environment for plant roots, and ensuring the normal and healthy growth of crops.

[0011] Optionally, the bacterial species of the composite fermentation agent include Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus fumigatus, wherein the number of viable cells of Bacillus subtilis is ≥10 10 cfu / g, the number of viable Aspergillus oryzae is ≥10 8 cfu / g, the number of viable Aspergillus fumigatus is ≥10 8 cfu / g.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the synergistic effect of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus fumigatus can quickly increase the temperature, prolong the high temperature period, and accelerate the fermentation process of sheep manure and wool residue. Bacillus subtilis mainly degrades cellulose, Aspergillus oryzae degrades starch and protein, and Aspergillus fumigatus degrades lignin. The synergistic effect of the three can more comprehensively degrade organic matter, improve the degradation efficiency of organic matter, and improve the quality of compost.

[0013] Optionally, the functional bacterial agent includes a long-branch Trichoderma agent and anabaena active algae, wherein the number of viable bacteria of the long-branch Trichoderma is ≥10 9 cfu / g, the number of cells of Anabaena active algae ≥10 6 pcs / g.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, Anabaena has efficient photosynthesis ability, can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, and produce organic matter, which helps to improve soil ventilation, provide energy and carbon sources for soil microorganisms, and improve the nitrogen nutrition status in the soil through nitrogen fixation, alleviate soil acidification, promote plant growth, and create a good growth environment for potato roots.

[0015] Anabaena and Trichoderma longifolia have different mechanisms of action, differing in their acquisition of nutrients and occupation of living space, thus avoiding competition. Trichoderma longifolia has an antagonistic effect on various plant pathogens, reducing the number of harmful microorganisms in the soil and lowering the risk of soil-borne diseases. Anabaena can improve soil acidification and structure, increasing soil aeration and water retention. A combination of the two can more comprehensively improve the physical and chemical properties of continuously cropped soils, enhance enzyme activity and nutrient content in continuously cropped soils, maintain root microecological balance, and enhance the effectiveness of soil remediation agents in remediating potato continuous cropping problems, creating better conditions for plant growth.

[0016] Optionally, the preparation method of the long-branch Trichoderma agent comprises the following steps: S1: inoculating the long-branch Trichoderma species into PDA medium, culturing at (27±3)°C on a shaking platform for 2-3 days for activation, and then transferring to the first PDB medium, culturing at (27±3)°C on a shaking platform for 3-4 days to obtain the long-branch Trichoderma seed solution; S2: Inoculate the long-branch Trichoderma seed solution into the second PDB medium at a 10% inoculum volume and incubate at (29±1)°C until the viable count is ≥10 9 cfu / g, and the culture product of Trichoderma longibrachiatum was obtained, which was collected by centrifugation and vacuum dried.

[0017] Optionally, the method for preparing the active algae of Anabaena comprises the following steps: After sterile operation, the Anabaena algae were transferred into BG11 culture medium and cultured at (26±1)℃ under a light intensity of (50±5)μmol / (m 2 s), a light-dark ratio of 12:12, and an air flow rate of 0.5 vvm, and the culture was expanded to a cell number of ≥10 6 / g, and the precipitate was collected by centrifugation and vacuum dried.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: S1: Grind grassland sheep manure and wool residue separately, pass through a 20-50 mesh sieve, mix them evenly according to the ratio to obtain biomass, then add a composite fermentation agent, stir evenly to obtain a mixed windrow; S2: spraying water into the mixed pile until the moisture content is 50-60%, covering the surface of the mixed pile with plastic film, taking the temperature of the mixed pile within 30 cm from the outside as the fermentation temperature, turning the pile once when the fermentation temperature reaches (45±1)°C, turning the pile again after 2-4 days when the fermentation temperature reaches 50-60°C, and then turning the pile once every 3 days, and re-covering the plastic film after each turning until the moisture content drops to (22±3)%, fermentation is completed, and the organic mixture is obtained after natural cooling; S3: After the volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder are evenly mixed, a functional bacterial agent is added and continued to mix and stir to obtain a first mixture; S4: mixing the first mixed material with the organic mixed material, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, stirring evenly, and then freeze-spray drying to obtain the product.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the functional bacterial agent is first mixed with volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder. The volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder can serve as carriers to effectively adsorb functional bacteria and provide them with a stable and good growth environment. After being mixed with organic mixture, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, the functional bacteria can be dispersed evenly in the remediation agent, ensuring the effectiveness of the remediation agent in regulating potato continuous cropping problems and improving potato growth conditions and yields.

[0020] Optionally, the volcanic rock powder is subjected to the following pretreatment before being mixed with the zeolite powder and the functional bacterial agent: Adding volcanic rock powder to the first pretreatment solution, shaking at 35-40° C. for 20-24 hours, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated volcanic rock powder; The zeolite powder is added to the second pretreatment solution, shaken at 25-40° C. for 2-4 hours, and washed and dried to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder.

[0021] Optionally, the surface modifier is a cationic surfactant and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in a mass ratio of 1:(4-7), and the concentration of the first pretreatment solution is 0.8-1.2 wt%.

[0022] Optionally, the second pretreatment solution is 0.1-0.3 mol / L Fe 3+ / Ca 2+ Mixed solution, in which Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ The molar ratio is (1-2):1.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of volcanic rock powder contains a large amount of components such as silicates and aluminates, which usually show negative charges. Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and cationic surfactant as surface modifiers can form a positive-charge-polysaccharide composite interface, improve the charge distribution on the surface of volcanic rock powder, and increase the adsorption force between volcanic rock powder and microorganisms. In addition, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt has good antibacterial properties and can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, providing a microecological environment that is more conducive to the growth of functional bacterial agents.

[0024] Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ Through ion exchange, Fe 3+ Preferentially occupying the high charge sites of zeolite powder, Ca 2+ Fill low charge sites to form gradient loading, Fe 3+ Significantly enhanced the soil's bactericidal and antibacterial abilities, Ca 2+ It promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, forms a closer adsorption with microorganisms, and provides a microecological environment that is more conducive to the growth of functional bacterial agents.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Since the biomass used in this application contains grassland sheep manure and wool residue, it has strong alkalinity. Compared with the biomass formed by traditional feed fattening sheep manure, it has a higher organic matter content, trace elements and bioactive substances. This can effectively improve the soil acidification caused by continuous cropping obstacles, improve soil fertility, maintain a good balance of the root micro-ecosystem, and promote the growth of plant roots.

[0026] 2. In this application, the long-branch Trichoderma agent is preferably used as the functional bacterial agent. When mixed with mineral humic acid, it can form an organic biological assembly. After being mixed with other raw materials and applied to the field, the humic acid can undergo hydration and expansion to become colloidal particles. Through cross-linking and adsorption, the soil particles are transformed into a living soil aggregate structure, which not only helps to increase the organic matter content of the soil, but also the long-branch Trichoderma metabolites contain a large amount of biological humic acid, antibiotics, hormones, enzymes and biochemically active substances, which also have significant advantages in soil remediation and disease prevention and growth promotion when planting potatoes in continuous soil.

[0027] 3. In this application, it is preferred to use a functional bacterial agent containing active algae of Anabaena. Anabaena has efficient photosynthesis ability, can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, produce organic matter, improve soil ventilation, provide energy and carbon source for soil microorganisms, and improve nitrogen nutrition in the soil through nitrogen fixation, alleviate soil acidification, and mix it with long-branched Trichoderma as a functional bacterial agent. It can more comprehensively improve the physical and chemical properties of continuous cropping soil, increase continuous cropping soil enzyme activity and nutrient content, maintain the root microecological balance, enhance the soil remediation agent's repair effect on potato continuous cropping obstacles, and create better conditions for plant growth.

[0028] 4. The volcanic rock used in this application is taken from the grassland stone factory in Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia, and the sawdust waste powder is obtained after processing large pieces of volcanic rock stone. The wool residue is taken from the cashmere processing factory. The wool is sieved before washing to obtain low-utilization-value wool residue with sheep dung and grass residue. This realizes the utilization of solid waste and meets the requirements of modern industrialization for environmental protection and sustainable resource development. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following examples further illustrate the present application in detail.

[0030] raw material Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of this application are all commercially available products, specifically: Volcanic rock powder, taken from the grasslands of Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia, is a waste sawdust powder after stone processing. The particle size is 200 mesh and it is rich in potassium 105.13mg / Kg, calcium 7093.3mg / Kg, magnesium 140.79mg / Kg and trace elements such as iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and molybdenum. Zeolite powder has a particle size of 200 mesh. Nano-selenium, average particle size 100nm, purity ≥99.9%; The grassland sheep manure was collected from the grassland pasture area of ​​Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia; The wool residue is taken from cashmere processing waste in the grassland pastoral area of ​​Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia; Mineral humic acid, selected from Inner Mongolia Zhongsheng Lihe Humic Acid Fertilizer Co., Ltd.; Trichoderma longibrachiatum was selected from the China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center with the strain number CICC 40136; Anabaena, selected from the freshwater algae species library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with the algae species number FACHB-82; Bacillus subtilis, selected from China Industrial Microorganism Culture Collection Center, strain number CICC 24713; Aspergillus oryzae was selected from the China Industrial Culture Collection Center, with the strain number CICC 2011; Aspergillus fumigatus was selected from the China Industrial Culture Collection Center with the strain number CICC 40537; The cationic surfactant is dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, selected from Jinan Zhiheng Zhiyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., xha-1.

[0031] Preparation examples of composite fermentation agents, long-branched Trichoderma agents and Anabaena active algae Preparation Example 1 Preparation of composite fermentation agent The composite fermentation agent and its preparation method include the following steps: S1: (1) Preparation of Bacillus subtilis culture liquid: Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into LB solid medium and cultured in a shaking incubator at (34±1)°C and 160 rpm for 24 h for activation to obtain seed liquid; the seed liquid was transferred to LB liquid medium at a 5% inoculum volume and cultured in a shaking incubator at (34±1)°C and 180 rpm for 36-40 h to obtain Bacillus subtilis culture liquid; (2) Preparation of Aspergillus oryzae liquid: Aspergillus oryzae was inoculated into PDA medium and cultured at (26±1)°C for 48 h for activation to obtain seed liquid; the seed liquid was transferred to PDB medium at a 5% inoculum volume for expansion culture and cultured at (26±1)°C for 3-4 days to obtain Aspergillus oryzae liquid; (3) Preparation of Aspergillus fumigatus liquid: Inoculate Aspergillus fumigatus into PDA medium and culture at (26 ± 1) °C for 48 h for activation to obtain seed liquid; transfer the seed liquid to PDB medium at a 5% inoculum volume and culture at (26 ± 1) °C for 3-4 days to obtain Aspergillus fumigatus liquid; S2: The bacterial solutions of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus fumigatus obtained in step S1 were mixed to obtain a composite fermentation agent, wherein the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis was 2×10 10 cfu / g, the number of viable Aspergillus oryzae is 5×10 8 cfu / g, the number of viable Aspergillus fumigatus is 4×10 8 cfu / g The formula of the culture medium used: The LB solid medium formula is: 5 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 5 g sodium chloride, 20 g agar, and dilute to 1 L with deionized water, pH 7.2 ± 0.2; The formula of LB liquid medium is: 8 g yeast extract, 10 g tryptone, 5 g sodium chloride, and dilute to 1 L with deionized water, pH 7.2 ± 0.2; The formula of PDA medium is as follows: 200g of peeled potatoes, cut into pieces, cooked for 30min, filtered through four layers of gauze to obtain the filtrate, 20g of glucose, 20g of agar, and dilute to 1L with deionized water; The formula of PDB medium is as follows: 200 g of peeled potatoes, cut into pieces, cooked for 30 min, filtered through four layers of gauze to obtain the filtrate, 20 g of glucose, and deionized water to 1 L.

[0032] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of Trichoderma longifolia agent The long-branch Trichoderma agent and its preparation method comprise the following steps: S1: inoculating the long-branch Trichoderma species into PDA medium, culturing at (27±3)°C on a shaking platform for 2-3 days for activation, and then transferring to the first PDB medium, culturing at (27±3)°C on a shaking platform for 3-4 days to obtain the long-branch Trichoderma seed solution; S2: The long-branch Trichoderma seed liquid was inoculated into the second PDB medium at a 10% inoculum volume, and cultured at (29±1)°C to obtain a long-branch Trichoderma culture product, in which the number of viable bacteria was 5×10 9 cfu / g, which was obtained by collecting the precipitate by centrifugation and drying it in vacuum.

[0033] The formula of the culture medium used: The formula of PDA medium is as follows: 200g of peeled potatoes, cut into pieces, cooked for 30min, filtered through four layers of gauze to obtain the filtrate, 20g of glucose, 20g of agar, and dilute to 1L with deionized water; The formula of the first PDB medium and the second PDB medium is as follows: 200 g of peeled potatoes, cut into pieces, cooked for 30 min, and filtered through four layers of gauze to obtain the filtrate, 20 g of glucose, and deionized water to 1 L.

[0034] Preparation Example 3 Preparation of Anabaena Active Algae Anabaena active algae, and its preparation method comprises the following steps: After sterile operation, the Anabaena algae were transferred into fresh sterilized BG-11 culture medium and incubated in a light incubator at (26±1)℃ and a light intensity of (50±5)μmol / (m 2 s), a light-dark time ratio of 12:12, and an air flow rate of 0.5 vvm, the cells were expanded to the logarithmic cycle. The cells were directly counted and the density was recorded using a hemocytometer under a microscope (BX53, Olympus China Co., Ltd.). The final cell number was ≥10 6 When the algae solution was 2 × 10 cells / mL, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation and vacuum dried to obtain the active algae of Anabaena. The cell number was 2 × 10 6 pieces / mL.

[0035] The formula of BG-11 culture medium is: K2HPO4, 0.04g / L; Na2CO3, 0.02g / L; MgSO4·7H2O, 0.075g / L; CaCl2·2H2O, 0.036g / L; Citric acid, 0.006g / L; Ferric ammonium citrate, 0.005g / L; EDTANa2, 0.001g / L; H3BO3, 2.86mg / L; MnCl2·4H2O, 1.81mg / L; ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.222mg / L; NaMoO4·2H2O, 0.39mg / L; CuSO4·5H2O, 0.079mg / L; Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 49.4ug / L. Example

[0036] Example 1 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping problems, the raw materials and amounts are shown in Table 1, wherein the biomass includes grassland sheep manure and wool residue in a mass ratio of 4:1, the composite fermentation agent is obtained by Preparation Example 1, and the functional agent is the long-branched Trichoderma agent obtained by Preparation Example 2.

[0037] Table 1 Components Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Volcanic rock powder / Kg 34 38 30 40 Biomass / Kg 65 64 70 60 Zeolite powder / Kg 18 16 15 20 Nano selenium / Kg 4 4.2 3 5 Mineral humic acid / Kg 10 11 12 8 Composite fermentation agent / Kg 2.5 2 1 3 Functional bacteria agent / Kg 8.6 10.3 11 6 The preparation method of the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: S1: The grassland sheep manure and wool slag are crushed and pretreated respectively, passed through a 50-mesh sieve, weighed according to the ratio of grassland sheep manure and wool slag, mixed to obtain biomass, added a composite fermentation agent to the biomass, and stirred to obtain a mixed windrow; S2: spraying water into the mixed pile until the moisture content is 56%, covering the surface of the mixed pile with plastic film, taking the temperature of the mixed pile within 30 cm from the outside as the fermentation temperature, turning the pile once when the fermentation temperature reaches (45±1)°C, and turning the pile twice after 3 days when the fermentation temperature reaches 55°C, and then turning the pile once every 3 days, covering the pile with plastic film again after each turning until the moisture content drops to (22±3)%, fermentation is completed, and the organic mixture is obtained after natural cooling; S3: After uniformly mixing the volcanic rock powder and the zeolite powder according to the ratio, adding the functional bacterial agent and continuing to mix, stirring evenly to obtain a first mixture; S4: mixing the first mixed material with the organic mixed material, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, stirring evenly, and then freeze-spray drying to obtain the product.

[0038] Example 2 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping problems, the raw materials and amounts are shown in Table 1, wherein the biomass includes grassland sheep manure and wool residue in a mass ratio of 3:1, the composite fermentation agent is obtained by Preparation Example 1, and the functional agent is the long-branched Trichoderma agent obtained by Preparation Example 2.

[0039] The preparation method of the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: S1: pulverize grassland sheep manure and wool residue separately for pretreatment, pass through a 40-mesh sieve, weigh grassland sheep manure and wool residue according to a ratio, mix them evenly to obtain biomass, add a composite fermentation agent to the biomass, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed windrow; S2: spray water into the mixed windrow until the moisture content is 55%, cover the surface of the mixed windrow with a plastic film, take the temperature within 30 cm from the outside of the mixed windrow as the fermentation temperature, turn the windrow once when the fermentation temperature reaches (45±1)°C, turn the windrow twice after 3 days when the fermentation temperature reaches 55°C, and then turn the windrow once every 3 days, and cover the windrow with the plastic film again after each turning until the moisture content drops to (22±3)%, fermentation is completed, and the organic mixture is obtained after natural cooling; S3: After uniformly mixing the volcanic rock powder and the zeolite powder according to the ratio, adding the functional bacterial agent and continuing to mix, stirring evenly to obtain a first mixture; S4: mixing the first mixed material with the organic mixed material, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, stirring evenly, and then freeze-spray drying to obtain the product.

[0040] Example 3 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping problems, the raw materials and amounts are shown in Table 1, wherein the biomass includes grassland sheep manure and wool residue in a mass ratio of 2:1, the composite fermentation agent is obtained by Preparation Example 1, and the functional agent is the long-branched Trichoderma agent obtained by Preparation Example 2.

[0041] The preparation method of the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: S1: pulverize grassland sheep manure and wool residue separately for pretreatment, pass through a 20-mesh sieve, weigh grassland sheep manure and wool residue according to a ratio, mix them evenly to obtain biomass, add a composite fermentation agent to the biomass, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed windrow; S2: spray water into the mixed windrow until the moisture content is 50%, cover the surface of the mixed windrow with a plastic film, take the temperature within 30 cm from the outside of the mixed windrow as the fermentation temperature, turn the windrow once when the fermentation temperature reaches (45±1)°C, turn the windrow twice after 4 days when the fermentation temperature reaches 60°C, and then turn the windrow once every 3 days, and cover the windrow with the plastic film again after each turning until the moisture content drops to (22±3)%, fermentation is completed, and the organic mixture is obtained after natural cooling; S3: After uniformly mixing the volcanic rock powder and the zeolite powder according to the ratio, adding the functional bacterial agent and continuing to mix, stirring evenly to obtain a first mixture; S4: mixing the first mixed material with the organic mixed material, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, stirring evenly, and then freeze-spray drying to obtain the product.

[0042] Example 4 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping problems, the raw materials and amounts are shown in Table 1, wherein the biomass includes grassland sheep manure and wool residue in a mass ratio of 5:1, the composite fermentation agent is obtained by Preparation Example 1, and the functional agent is the long-branched Trichoderma agent obtained by Preparation Example 2.

[0043] The preparation method of the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles comprises the following steps: S1: pulverize grassland sheep manure and wool residue separately for pretreatment, pass through a 30-mesh sieve, weigh grassland sheep manure and wool residue according to a ratio, mix them evenly to obtain biomass, add a composite fermentation agent to the biomass, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed windrow; S2: spray water into the mixed windrow until the moisture content is 60%, cover the surface of the mixed windrow with a plastic film, take the temperature within 30 cm from the outside of the mixed windrow as the fermentation temperature, turn the windrow once when the fermentation temperature reaches (45±1)°C, turn the windrow twice after 2 days when the fermentation temperature reaches 50°C, and then turn the windrow once every 3 days, and cover the windrow with the plastic film again after each turning until the moisture content drops to (22±3)%, fermentation is completed, and the organic mixture is obtained after natural cooling; S3: After uniformly mixing the volcanic rock powder and the zeolite powder according to the ratio, adding the functional bacterial agent and continuing to mix, stirring evenly to obtain a first mixture; S4: mixing the first mixed material with the organic mixed material, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, stirring evenly, and then freeze-spray drying to obtain the product.

[0044] Example 5 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping disorders is different from Example 1 in that the functional bacterial agent is a long-branched Trichoderma agent and anabaena active algae in a mass ratio of 3:1, the long-branched Trichoderma agent is obtained by Preparation Example 2, and the Anabaena active algae is obtained by Preparation Example 3. The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0045] Example 6 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping disorders is different from Example 1 in that the functional bacterial agent is a long-branched Trichoderma agent and anabaena active algae in a mass ratio of 2:1, the long-branched Trichoderma agent is obtained by Preparation Example 2, and the Anabaena active algae is obtained by Preparation Example 3. The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0046] Example 7 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping disorders is different from Example 1 in that the functional bacterial agent is a long-branched Trichoderma agent and anabaena active algae in a mass ratio of 1:1, the long-branched Trichoderma agent is obtained by Preparation Example 2, and the Anabaena active algae is obtained by Preparation Example 3. Other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Example 8 A soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping problems is different from Example 1 in that, in step S3, the volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder are pretreated as follows before being mixed with the functional bacterial agent: A cationic surfactant and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, and water is added to prepare a first pretreatment solution with a concentration of 1.2 wt%; adding volcanic rock powder to the first pretreatment solution, shaking at 35° C. for 24 hours, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated volcanic rock powder; Zeolite powder was added to the second pretreatment solution, which was a 0.1 mol / L FeCl3 / CaCl2 mixed solution, wherein Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ The molar ratio of zeolite to water was 2:1, and the mixture was shaken at 25°C for 4 hours. The pretreated zeolite powder was obtained after washing and drying.

[0048] The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] Example 9 A soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping problems is different from Example 1 in that, in step S3, the volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder are pretreated as follows before being mixed with the functional bacterial agent: Mixing a cationic surfactant and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in a mass ratio of 1:7, and adding water to prepare a first pretreatment solution with a concentration of 0.8 wt %; adding volcanic rock powder to the first pretreatment solution, shaking at 40° C. for 20 hours, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated volcanic rock powder; Zeolite powder was added to the second pretreatment solution, which was a 0.3 mol / L FeCl3 / CaCl2 mixed solution, wherein Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ The molar ratio of zeolite to water was 1:1, and the mixture was shaken at 40 °C for 2 h. The pretreated zeolite powder was obtained after washing and drying.

[0050] The other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0051] Example 10 A soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping problems is different from Example 8 in that only volcanic rock powder is pretreated and zeolite powder is not pretreated, and other steps are the same as those in Example 8.

[0052] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping problems is different from Example 1 in that no functional bacterial agent is added, and the functional bacterial agent in the raw material is replaced with volcanic rock powder of equal mass. Other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles is different from Example 1 in that the long-branched Trichoderma agent is not added, the functional agent is the active algae of Anabaena obtained in Preparation Example 3, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 3 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles is different from Example 1 in that mineral humic acid is not added, and the mineral humic acid is replaced by volcanic rock powder of equal mass. Other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 4 A soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles differs from Example 1 in that grassland pasture sheep manure in the biomass raw material is replaced with feed fattening sheep manure of equal mass, and the feed fattening sheep manure comes from a large feed fattening sheep farm. Other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Performance testing Field plot tests were conducted on the soil remediation agents for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles obtained in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0057] 1. Experimental field: Potato continuous cropping experimental field in Huangjia Town, Leling City, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, with a pH of 4.5-5.5 and relatively consistent soil type, fertility, and moisture conditions; 2. Grouping: The experimental field was divided into 15 plots of equal size, including 14 experimental groups and 1 control group. The control group served as a blank control group. During the planting period, the blank control group received no treatment, only routine field management such as weeding and irrigation. In March 2024, the same potato variety was planted at the same planting density. The experimental period was from March 2024 to July 2024. 3. Test method: S1: Furrow sowing was adopted, and furrows were first dug with a depth of 10-15 cm and a width of 20-30 cm. The soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping obstacles obtained in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was applied as base fertilizer in 14 field plots at a dosage of 2000-3000 kg / mu. The soil was then covered and plowed with a rotary tiller until the soil was buried in the cultivated layer. The soil moisture was maintained at (10±1)% for one week. No fertilizer was applied to the control group plot. S2: After the potato seed potatoes were established, the soil surface was covered with plastic film for 2 weeks; S3: During the potato seedling stage, dig a 5-10 cm deep circular trench 3-5 cm away from the root of the potato plant, inject 50 kg / mu of water-soluble soil remediation agent into it, and then cover the soil; S4: After the potatoes bloom, use a sprayer to spray 5 wt% soil remediation agent solution on both sides of the potato leaves for foliar topdressing every 10 days for three consecutive times.

[0058] The soil-borne disease incidence during the growth process, average per-acre yield and quality of potatoes in 15 field plots were recorded and summarized, and the corresponding results are recorded in Tables 2 and 3.

[0059] Table 2 Table 3 According to Tables 1 and 2, the performance test results between the experimental group and the blank control group of the field plot test show that the soil remediation agent for regulating potato continuous cropping disorders of the present application, when applied to continuously cropped potato soil, combines the two remediation methods of biological remediation and organic remediation, effectively regulating the continuous cropping disorders caused by changes in the physical and chemical properties of the continuously cropped soil, reduced soil enzyme activity, nutrient loss, imbalance of the rhizosphere microecology, and plant allelopathic effects, thereby increasing potato yield while ensuring potato quality, and greatly reducing the probability of occurrence of soil-borne diseases.

[0060] According to the performance test results of Examples 1-4, Examples 5-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that long-branch Trichoderma as a functional bacteria shows outstanding advantages in conditioning continuous cropping soil. The mixed use of Anabaena active algae and long-branch Trichoderma as functional bacteria is more prominent in conditioning continuous cropping soil than the use of a single bacterial agent. This is because Anabaena has efficient photosynthesis ability, can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, produce organic matter, improve soil ventilation, provide energy and carbon source for soil microorganisms, and can also improve the nitrogen nutrition status in the soil through nitrogen fixation, alleviate soil acidification, and mix with long-branch Trichoderma as a functional bacterial agent. It can more comprehensively improve the physical and chemical properties of continuous cropping soil, increase the enzyme activity and nutrient content of continuous cropping soil, maintain the root microecological balance, enhance the repair effect of soil remediation agents on potato continuous cropping obstacles, and create better conditions for plant growth.

[0061] According to the performance test results of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that when mineral-source humic acid is added as a soil remediation agent, the conditioning and remediation effect on the soil of continuously cropped potatoes is significantly better. This is because when the mineral-source humic acid is mixed with the functional bacterial agent, Trichoderma longifolia, it can form an organic biological assembly. Then, after being mixed with other raw materials and applied to the field, the humic acid can undergo hydration and expansion to become colloidal particles. These colloidal particles can make the soil particles become a living soil aggregate structure through cross-linking and adsorption. This not only helps to increase the organic matter content of the soil, but also can effectively retain the large amount of biological humic acid, antibiotics, hormones, enzymes and biochemical active substances contained in the metabolites of Trichoderma longifolia and play a beneficial role on the plant root system. It shows significant advantages in soil remediation, disease and pest prevention, and reducing the occurrence of soil-borne diseases when planting potatoes in continuous soil.

[0062] According to the performance test results of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that when the biomass formed by grassland sheep manure and wool residue is applied to the acidified continuous cropping potato soil, the effect of improving the phenomenon of continuous cropping obstacles is significantly better than the biomass formed by traditional feed fattening sheep manure. This is because grassland sheep use natural forage as their main food, and the sheep manure produced after passing through the sheep system contains more organic matter, trace elements and bioactive substances than the sheep manure produced by traditional feed fattening sheep, and the alkalinity of grassland sheep manure is stronger, which can more effectively improve the soil acidification of continuous cropping obstacles, improve soil fertility, maintain a good balance of the root microecosystem, and promote the growth of plant roots.

[0063] According to the performance test results of Examples 1-4 and 8-10, it can be seen that after the surface pretreatment of volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder, the soil conditioner performs better in soil remediation, promoting crop growth and development, and preventing soil-borne diseases. This is because chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and cationic surfactant as surface modifiers can effectively improve the surface charge distribution of volcanic rock powder and enhance its adsorption capacity with microorganisms. At the same time, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. 3+ Further enhance the bactericidal and antibacterial ability of soil, Ca 2+ It promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, forms a tighter adsorption with microorganisms, and provides a microecological environment that is more conducive to the growth of functional bacteria, thereby enhancing the role of functional bacteria in soil remediation, pest prevention, and reduction of soil-borne diseases.

[0064] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight, 30-40 parts of volcanic rock powder, 60-70 parts of biomass, 15-20 parts of zeolite powder, 3-5 parts of nano-selenium, 8-12 parts of mineral humic acid, 1-3 parts of composite fermentation agent, and 6-11 parts of functional bacterial agent. The biomass comprises grassland sheep manure and wool residue in a mass ratio of (2-5):1; The functional bacterial agent includes a long-branched Trichoderma agent and anabaena active algae.

2. The soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial species of the composite fermentation agent include Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus fumigatus, wherein the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is ≥10 10 cfu / g, the number of viable Aspergillus oryzae is ≥10 8 cfu / g, the number of viable Aspergillus fumigatus is ≥10 8 cfu / g.

3. The soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional bacterial agent includes a long-branch Trichoderma agent and anabaena active algae, wherein the number of viable bacteria of the long-branch Trichoderma is ≥10 9 cfu / g, the number of cells of Anabaena active algae ≥10 6 pcs / g.

4. The soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the long-branch Trichoderma agent comprises the following steps: S1: inoculating the long-branch Trichoderma species into PDA medium, culturing at (27±3)°C on a shaking platform for 2-3 days for activation, and then transferring to the first PDB medium, culturing at (27±3)°C on a shaking platform for 3-4 days to obtain the long-branch Trichoderma seed solution; S2: Inoculate the long-branch Trichoderma seed solution into the second PDB medium at a 10% inoculum volume and incubate at (29 ± 1) °C until the viable count is ≥ 10 9 cfu / g, and the culture product of Trichoderma longibrachiatum was obtained, which was collected by centrifugation and vacuum dried.

5. The soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the active algae Anabaena comprises the following steps: After sterile operation, the Anabaena algae were transferred into BG11 culture medium and cultured at (26±1)℃ under a light intensity of (50±5)μmol / (m 2 s), a light-dark ratio of 12:12, and an air flow rate of 0.5 vvm, and the culture was expanded to a cell number of ≥10 6 / g, and the precipitate was collected by centrifugation and vacuum dried.

6. A method for preparing a soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Grind grassland sheep manure and wool residue separately, pass through a 20-50 mesh sieve, mix them evenly according to the ratio to obtain biomass, then add a composite fermentation agent, stir evenly to obtain a mixed windrow; S2: spraying water into the mixed pile until the moisture content is 50-60%, covering the surface of the mixed pile with plastic film, taking the temperature of the mixed pile within 30 cm from the outside as the fermentation temperature, turning the pile once when the fermentation temperature reaches (45±1)°C, turning the pile again after 2-4 days when the fermentation temperature reaches 50-60°C, and then turning the pile once every 3 days, and covering the plastic film again after each turning until the moisture content drops to (22±3)%, fermentation is completed, and the organic mixture is obtained after natural cooling; S3: After the volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder are evenly mixed, a functional bacterial agent is added and continued to mix and stir to obtain a first mixture; S4: mixing the first mixed material with the organic mixed material, nano-selenium and mineral humic acid, stirring evenly, and then freeze-spray drying to obtain the product.

7. The method for preparing the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The volcanic rock powder and zeolite powder are pretreated as follows before being mixed with the functional bacterial agent: Adding volcanic rock powder to the first pretreatment solution, shaking at 35-40° C. for 20-24 hours, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated volcanic rock powder; The zeolite powder is added to the second pretreatment solution, shaken at 25-40° C. for 2-4 hours, and washed and dried to obtain the pretreated zeolite powder.

8. The method for preparing the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first surface modifier is a cationic surfactant and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in a mass ratio of 1:(4-7), and the concentration of the first pretreatment solution is 0.8-1.2 wt%.

9. The method for preparing the soil remediation agent for treating potato continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second pretreatment solution is 0.1-0.3 mol / L Fe 3+ / Ca 2+ Mixed solution, in which Fe 3+ and Ca 2+ The molar ratio is (1-2):1.

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