Test clamp and method for metal belt
By designing a metal strip test fixture, the yield shear strength and Bauschinger effect of extremely thin metal strips under multi-directional forces can be tested, which solves the shortcomings of traditional testing methods and provides accurate mechanical property analysis and process optimization support.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510821829.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to effectively test the yield shear strength and Bauschinger effect of ultra-thin metal strips under multi-directional forces, and traditional uniaxial tensile testing cannot meet the needs of mechanical property analysis.
A test fixture for metal strips was designed, including a connection module, a fixing module, an adjustment module, and a clamping module. By combining the left and right adjustment angle plates and the clamping plates, a variety of cyclic loading modes can be achieved. It is capable of performing pure shear tests, shear-torsion combined tests, and other tests. It can be tested in combination with a universal testing machine.
It realizes the real-time acquisition of key mechanical parameters such as shear strain and shear stress of ultra-thin metal strips during cyclic deformation, accurately predicts their mechanical behavior, and provides a basis for optimizing key process parameters for precision manufacturing.
Smart Images
Figure CN120651636A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to a test fixture for a metal strip and a test method thereof, and is applicable to the field of mechanical property testing of metal strips. Background Art
[0002] Ultra-thin metal strips are widely used in high-end applications such as aerospace, defense, and military applications, placing stringent demands on their dimensional accuracy, microstructure, and mechanical properties. Due to size effects, ultra-thin metal strips exhibit mechanical properties that differ from those of conventional metal strips. Furthermore, these properties often fluctuate during the forming process, significantly impacting the determination of subsequent processing parameters. Therefore, studying their elastic-plastic deformation and damage-fracture mechanisms under service conditions is crucial for understanding the service behavior, reliability, and lifespan assessment of materials and their products.
[0003] Tensile testing machines are commonly used experimental instruments in material mechanical property experiments. The mechanical property parameters of the sample material are obtained by performing tensile tests on the sample. However, in actual production, the force applied to the material is not just tension or compression. The components in actual service may also be subjected to shear force, torsion force, or even multi-directional forces. Therefore, traditional monotonic loading material mechanical property testing techniques such as uniaxial tension can no longer meet the needs of mechanical property analysis. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to design a test fixture and method for metal strips, aiming to solve the problems of existing metal strip yield shear strength and Bauschinger effect testing.
[0005] The present application relates to a test fixture for a metal strip, the test fixture comprising a connecting module, a fixing module, an adjusting module and a clamping module; the adjusting module comprises a left adjusting angle plate and a right adjusting angle plate, and the clamping module comprises a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate; the left adjusting angle plate is detachably arranged on the fixing module; the right adjusting angle plate is detachably arranged on the fixing module, and can move back and forth on the fixing module or rotate on the fixing module; the left clamping plate is connected to the left adjusting angle plate; the right adjusting angle plate is connected to the right clamping plate through one or more torsion modules to drive the right clamping plate to move or rotate relative to the left clamping plate; the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are used to clamp the metal strip; the connecting module is used to connect the right adjusting angle plate and the stretching machine respectively; the stretching machine can drive the right adjusting angle plate to move or rotate through the connecting module.
[0006] In some embodiments, the test fixture for a metal strip is used to test the yield shear strength and / or Bauschinger effect of the metal strip, and the thickness of the metal strip is 20 μm to 500 μm.
[0007] In some embodiments, the connecting module includes a fixed support seat, a follow-up adjustment connecting block and a stretching block; the fixed module is arranged on the fixed support seat, and the fixed support seat is also used to connect to the lower end of the stretching machine; the stretching block is connected to the follow-up adjustment connecting block, and the stretching block is also used to connect to the upper end of the stretching machine; the follow-up adjustment connecting block is detachably connected to the right adjustment angle plate, and can drive the right adjustment angle plate to move back and forth.
[0008] In some embodiments, an arc-shaped through groove is provided on the follow-up adjustment connecting block, and a plurality of connecting threaded holes are provided on the right adjustment angle plate; the follow-up adjustment connecting block can be fixed in the connecting threaded hole by passing bolts through the arc-shaped through groove to confirm the angle of the right adjustment angle plate on the fixed module; an arc-shaped connecting groove is provided on the left adjustment angle plate; the left adjustment angle plate is fixed on the left fixed back plate by passing bolts through the arc-shaped connecting groove to confirm the angle of the left adjustment angle plate on the left fixed back plate.
[0009] In some embodiments, the torsion module includes a torsion assembly, which includes a first torsion member and a second torsion member, and the first torsion member and the second torsion member are connected by a torsion shaft; the left clamping plate is connected to the left angle adjustment plate through a plurality of torsion modules to limit the movement of the left clamping plate; the left clamping plate and the left angle adjustment plate are respectively provided with a plurality of connecting holes; the first torsion member of the torsion module is connected to the connecting hole of the left angle adjustment plate through its screw, and the second torsion member of the torsion module is connected to the connecting hole of the left clamping plate through its screw; and / or,
[0010] The right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate are respectively provided with multiple connecting holes; the first torsion member of the torsion module is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the right clamping plate through its screw, and the second torsion member of the torsion module is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the right angle adjustment plate through its screw, so that the right angle adjustment plate can drive the right clamping plate to move or rotate relative to the left clamping plate.
[0011] In some embodiments, a gap is provided between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate; a gap is provided between the left angle adjustment plate and the right angle adjustment plate; the gap between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate and the gap between the left angle adjustment plate and the right angle adjustment plate are located on the same straight line;
[0012] The left clamping plate includes an upper left clamping plate and a lower left clamping plate, and the clamping surfaces of the upper left clamping plate and the lower left clamping plate are meshed tooth surfaces respectively; the upper left clamping plate and the lower left clamping plate are connected by bolts, and one end of the metal belt is clamped by the clamping surface;
[0013] The right clamping plate includes a right upper clamping plate and a right lower clamping plate, and the clamping surfaces of the right upper clamping plate and the right lower clamping plate are respectively provided with mesh tooth surfaces; the right upper clamping plate and the right lower clamping plate are connected by bolts, and the other end of the metal belt is clamped by the clamping surface.
[0014] In some embodiments, the adjustment module also includes an adjustment angle ring, which has a convex edge on its circumference; a key groove is provided on the inner side surface of the adjustment angle ring, and a guide groove is provided on the side surface of the adjustment angle ring; a semicircular groove is provided in the left fixed back plate and the right fixed back plate respectively; a vertical threaded hole is provided on the right adjustment angle plate; the convex edges are movably arranged in the grooves so that the adjustment angle ring can rotate in the fixed module; the adjustment angle ring and the right adjustment angle plate are connected by a stud passing through the vertical threaded hole and the guide groove, and the right adjustment angle plate is limited to reciprocating movement only along the length direction of the guide groove; a key groove is provided on the inner side surface of the left adjustment angle plate, the key groove and the key groove are aligned with each other, and are respectively connected by keys.
[0015] In some embodiments, the stretching block includes a connecting column and a pressure head, which is arranged at one end of the connecting column; a pulling and pressing shaft is provided on the pressure head, which is rotatably arranged on the pressure head; the pulling and pressing shaft is connected to the groove in the follow-up adjustment connecting block to drive the follow-up adjustment connecting block to move up and down.
[0016] In some embodiments, a connecting slot is provided on the follow-up adjustment connecting block; the pressure head is sleeved on both sides of the connecting slot so that the tension and pressure shaft is set in the connecting slot; the tension and pressure shaft can move horizontally in the connecting slot.
[0017] The present invention also provides a metal strip testing method, which uses the above-mentioned test fixture; the testing method includes the following steps:
[0018] S1: Clamp one end of the metal strip to the left clamping plate of the test fixture, and clamp the other end of the metal strip to the right clamping plate of the test fixture;
[0019] S2: Connect the left clamping plate to the left angle adjustment plate through the torsion module, and restrict the movement or rotation of the left clamping plate;
[0020] S3: When performing the shear test, connect the right clamping plate to the right angle adjustment plate of the test fixture and restrict the right clamping plate to move only relative to the left clamping plate;
[0021] S4: When performing a combined shear and torsion test, connect the right clamping plate to the right angle adjustment plate of the test fixture through the torsion module, and allow the right clamping plate to move relative to the left clamping plate while rotating;
[0022] S5: Connect the connecting module of the test fixture to the stretching machine so that the stretching machine can drive the connecting module to move up and down.
[0023] In some embodiments, in step S3, when performing a shear test, the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate are connected through multiple torsion modules, and the multiple torsion modules are connected between the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate in different directions; the first torsion member of each torsion module is connected to the right clamping plate, and the second torsion member of each torsion module is connected to the right angle adjustment plate.
[0024] In some embodiments, in step S4, when performing a combined shear and torsion test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate through a torsion module, the first torsion member of the torsion module is connected to the right clamping plate, and the second torsion member of each torsion module is connected to the right angle adjustment plate; the right clamping plate can rotate around the second torsion member of the torsion module on the right angle adjustment plate.
[0025] In some embodiments, when performing angle cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined tests on a metal strip, the tensile block moves in the vertical direction to rotate the tension and compression axis, and drives the follow-up adjustment connecting block to move horizontally relative to the tensile block, while the follow-up adjustment connecting block and the left angle adjustment plate move obliquely upward.
[0026] The test fixture for the metal strip designed in this application has a simple structure, and each component is relatively independent and easy to replace. It can be used in conjunction with a universal testing machine (such as a tensile machine) to accurately control the displacement and realize various cyclic loading modes such as pure shear and shear-torsion composite. It can obtain key mechanical parameters such as shear strain and shear stress of the ultra-thin metal strip during the cyclic deformation process in real time, and calculate the Bauschinger effect characterization parameters of the ultra-thin strip during the cyclic loading process through formulas; it can accurately predict and control the mechanical behavior of the ultra-thin metal strip during the cyclic loading process, provide an important scientific basis for the optimization of key process parameters in the field of precision manufacturing, and has certain academic value and engineering application significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a metal strip test fixture of the present application when performing cyclic shearing along the vertical direction.
[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a metal strip test fixture of the present application when performing a cyclic shear and torsion combined test in the vertical direction.
[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a metal strip test fixture of the present application when performing a cyclic shear test along a direction at 45° to the vertical direction.
[0030] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a metal strip test fixture of the present application when performing a cyclic shear and torsion combined test along a direction at 45° to the vertical direction.
[0031] Figure 5 This is the main view of the stretching block of this application.
[0032] Figure 6 This application Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA plane.
[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the follow-up adjustment connection block of the present application.
[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the torsion component of this application.
[0035] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a portion of the entrainment module of the present application.
[0036] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the entrainment block of this application.
[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the left angle adjustment plate of this application.
[0038] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the right angle adjustment plate of this application.
[0039] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the angle adjustment ring of this application.
[0040] Figure 14 It is a front view of the adjustment module of this application.
[0041] Figure 15 This is a top view of the adjustment module of this application.
[0042] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the left fixed backboard of this application.
[0043] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the right fixed backboard of this application.
[0044] Figure 18 This is the shear stress-shear strain curve of the 304 stainless steel metal strip with a grain size of 9.4 μm in the process of forward shear folding-unloading-reverse shear folding deformation under different pre-shear strain conditions.
[0045] Figure 19 This is the shear stress-shear strain curve of the 304 stainless steel metal strip with a grain size of 19.2 μm in the process of forward shear folding-unloading-reverse shear folding deformation under different pre-shear strain conditions.
[0046] Figure 20This is the shear stress-shear strain curve of the 304 stainless steel metal strip with a grain size of 50.8 μm in the process of forward shear folding-unloading-reverse shear folding deformation under different pre-shear strain conditions.
[0047] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram comparing the Bauschinger coefficients of the cyclic shear test of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip under different pre-shear strain conditions in this application.
[0048] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram comparing the Bauschinger effect factors of the cyclic shear test of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip under different pre-shear strain conditions in this application.
[0049] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram comparing the Bauschinger stress parameters of the cyclic shear test of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip under different pre-shear strain conditions in this application.
[0050] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram comparing the Bauschinger coefficients of the cyclic shear simulation of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip under different pre-shear strain conditions in this application.
[0051] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram comparing the Bauschinger effect factors of the cyclic shear simulation of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip under different pre-shear strain conditions in this application.
[0052] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the Bauschinger stress parameters for cyclic shear simulation of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip under different pre-shear strain conditions in this application.
[0053] In the figure: 1. Connection module; 11. Fixed support seat; 12. Follow-up adjustment connection block; 121. Connection bolt; 122. Support nut; 123. Connection nut; 124. Arc groove; 125. Connection groove; 13. Stretching block; 131. Press head; 132. Tension and pressure shaft; 133. Bearing; 134. Shaft end retaining ring; 135. End cover; 2. Fixed module; 21. Left fixed back plate; 211. Groove; 212. Left connecting end plate; 22. Right fixed back plate; 222. Right connecting end plate; 3. Adjustment module; 31. Left adjustment angle plate; 311. Arc connection Groove; 312, key groove; 32, right adjustment angle plate; 321, vertical threaded hole; 322, connecting threaded hole; 33, adjustment angle ring; 331, keyway; 332, guide groove; 333, annular flange; 34, stud; 35, gap; 36, connecting hole; 4, torsion module; 41, torsion assembly; 411, torsion shaft; 412, rod end joint bearing; 413, retaining ring; 414, screw; 5, clamping module; 51, clamping block; 511, anti-rotation ear; 52, upper left clamping plate; 53, upper right clamping plate; 54, lower left clamping plate; 55, lower right clamping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clearly understood, embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless conflicting, the embodiments and features within these embodiments may be combined in any manner. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the metal strip test fixture of this application is suitable for clamping metal strips for testing, particularly testing the yield shear strength and / or Bauschinger effect of metal strips.
[0055] like Figure 1-2As shown, a test fixture for a metal strip of the present application is preferably used to test the yield shear strength and / or Bauschinger effect of the metal strip. Of course, it can also perform a single shear or shear + torsion test on the metal strip. At the same time, when a universal testing machine (such as a tensile tester) is capable of performing fatigue testing (cyclic loading), the metal strip can be subjected to multiple shear or shear + torsion tests and the data during the test process can be analyzed. Further, it can perform cyclic shear or shear + torsion fatigue testing on the metal strip. It can also perform testing and analysis under single or combined environments such as heating, power supply, ultrasound, deep cooling, and magnetic field. Specifically, the test fixture includes a connection module 1, a fixing module 2, an adjustment module 3, and a clamping module 5; wherein the adjustment module 3 includes a left adjustment angle plate 31 and a right adjustment angle plate 32; the clamping module 5 includes a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate. The left adjustment angle plate 31 is detachably mounted on the fixing module 2; the right adjustment angle plate 32 is detachably mounted on the fixing module 2 and can move back and forth on the fixing module 2 or rotate around a horizontal axis on the fixing module 2 to perform shear and torsion tests. The left clamp plate is connected to the left adjustment angle plate 31 to achieve fixed position (angle) testing. The right adjustment angle plate 32 is connected to the right clamp plate through one or more torsion modules 4 to drive the right clamp plate to move or rotate relative to the left clamp plate to achieve testing. The left clamp plate and the right clamp plate are used to clamp the metal strip (specimen). A gap 35 is maintained between the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the right adjustment angle plate 32, and a gap is maintained between the left clamp plate and the right clamp plate. The gap 35 between the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the right adjustment angle plate 32 is located on the same straight line as the gap between the left clamp plate and the right clamp plate. In the present application scheme, a gap 35 is maintained between the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the right adjustment angle plate 32, and a gap is maintained between the left clamp plate and the right clamp plate, so that the test parameters of the metal strip can be detected through the gap during the test to achieve contactless detection. The metal strip tested by the test fixture provided by the present application can be an extremely thin metal strip with a thickness of 20 to 500 microns, so that the clamping test effect is the best; preferably, the thickness of the metal strip is 20 to 100 microns, and the test effect is even better. The connecting module 1 is used to connect the right angle adjustment plate 32 and the stretching machine respectively; during the test, the stretching machine can drive the right angle adjustment plate 32 to move back and forth or rotate on the fixed module 2 through the connecting module 1, so as to perform yield shear strength and / or Bauschinger effect tests. A certain gap is reserved between the adjustment module 3 and the entrainment module 5, and the entrainment module 5 is placed so that it collides with the adjustment module 3 when torsion. The test fixture designed by the present application for testing the yield shear strength and Bauschinger effect of extremely thin metal strips studies the mechanical properties of the metal strip under the joint action of shear force or shear force and torsion force by performing cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined tests on the metal strip.
[0056] The solution provided by the present invention is to place the sample (i.e., the metal strip) between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate, with the left clamping plate fixed. When performing a cyclic shear test, the right clamping plate performs a cyclic reciprocating motion so that the sample is subjected to cyclic shear and deformed; when performing a test combining cyclic shear and torsion, the right clamping plate performs a cyclic reciprocating motion and torsions so that the sample is deformed by the shear and torsion effects.
[0057] The test fixture for the metal strip designed in this application has a simple structure, and each component is relatively independent and easy to replace. It can be used in conjunction with a universal testing machine (such as a tensile machine) to accurately control the displacement and realize various cyclic loading modes such as pure shear and shear-torsion composite. It can obtain key mechanical parameters such as shear strain and shear stress of the ultra-thin metal strip during the cyclic deformation process in real time, and calculate the Bauschinger effect characterization parameters of the ultra-thin strip during the cyclic loading process through formulas; it can accurately predict and control the mechanical behavior of the ultra-thin metal strip during the cyclic loading process, provide an important scientific basis for the optimization of key process parameters in the field of precision manufacturing, and has certain academic value and engineering application significance.
[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the connecting module 1 includes a fixed support seat 11, a follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 and a stretching block 13; the fixed module 2 is arranged on the fixed support seat 11, and the fixed support seat 11 is also used to connect to the lower end of the stretching machine; the stretching block 13 is connected to the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12, and the stretching block 13 is also used to connect to the upper end of the stretching machine; the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 is detachably connected to the right adjustment angle plate 32, and can drive the right adjustment angle plate 32 to move back and forth.
[0059] like Figure 7 and Figure 14 As shown, in some embodiments, the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 is provided with an arcuate through-slot 124, and the right angle adjustment plate 32 is provided with a plurality of connecting threaded holes 322. Preferably, the plurality of connecting threaded holes 322 are distributed on the right angle adjustment plate 32 in a quarter-circle arc, so that the angle of the right angle adjustment plate 32 on the fixed module 2 can be adjusted, thereby performing angle cycle testing. The follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 can be bolted through the arcuate through-slot 124 and fixed in the connecting threaded holes 322 to confirm the angle of the right angle adjustment plate 32 on the fixed module 2. The left angle adjustment plate 31 is provided with an arcuate connecting slot 311. The left angle adjustment plate 31 is bolted through the arcuate connecting slot 311 and fixed to the left fixed back plate 21 to confirm the angle of the left angle adjustment plate 31 on the left fixed back plate 21.
[0060] like Figure 1-2 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 12As shown, in some embodiments, the torsion module 4 includes a torsion assembly 41, which includes a first torsion member 42 and a second torsion member 43, and the first torsion member 42 and the second torsion member 43 are connected by a torsion shaft 411. Specifically, the left clamping plate is connected to the left angle adjustment plate 31 through multiple torsion modules 4 to limit the movement or rotation of the left clamping plate; multiple connection holes 36 are respectively provided on the left clamping plate and the left angle adjustment plate 31; the first torsion member 42 of the torsion module 4 on the left angle adjustment plate 31 is connected to the connection hole of the left angle adjustment plate 31 through its screw 414, and the second torsion member 43 of the torsion module 4 on the left angle adjustment plate 31 is connected to the connection hole of the left clamping plate through its screw 414. Correspondingly, a plurality of connecting holes 36 are respectively provided on the right clamping plate and the right adjusting angle plate 32; the first torsion member 42 of the torsion module 4 on the right adjusting angle plate 32 is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the right clamping plate through its screw 414, and the second torsion member 43 of the torsion module 4 on the right adjusting angle plate 32 is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the right adjusting angle plate 32 through its screw 414, so that the right adjusting angle plate 32 can drive the right clamping plate to move or rotate relative to the left clamping plate.
[0061] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments, the torsion module 4 includes six torsion components 41, each torsion component 41 is composed of a torsion shaft 411, two rod end joint bearings 412 and two retaining rings 413; the two rod end joint bearings 412 are respectively inserted into the threaded holes on the left adjustment angle plate 31 or the right adjustment angle plate 32 and the left upper clamping plate 52 or the right upper clamping plate 53, and the torsion shaft 411 passes through the two rod end joint bearings 412 and is positioned by two retaining rings 413 to achieve assembly.
[0062] like Figure 1-4 、 Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, a gap is provided between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate; a gap 35 is provided between the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the right adjustment angle plate 32; the gap between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate is on the same straight line as the gap 35 between the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the right adjustment angle plate 32; the left clamping plate includes an upper left clamping plate 52 and a lower left clamping plate 54, and the clamping surfaces of the upper left clamping plate 52 and the lower left clamping plate 54 are respectively mesh tooth surfaces; the upper left clamping plate 52 and the lower left clamping plate 54 are connected by bolts, and one end of the metal belt is clamped by the clamping surface; the right clamping plate includes an upper right clamping plate 53 and a lower right clamping plate 55, and the clamping surfaces of the upper right clamping plate 53 and the lower right clamping plate 55 are respectively mesh tooth surfaces; the upper right clamping plate 53 and the lower right clamping plate 55 are connected by bolts, and the other end of the metal belt is clamped by the clamping surface.
[0063] A gap is provided between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate of the present application, and a gap 35 is provided between the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the right adjustment angle plate 32, so that the clamp can be used in conjunction with DIC (non-contact full-field strain measurement system). The system outputs strain data in real time, and establishes its constitutive relationship (stress-strain relationship) based on the material properties of different metal strips. The anisotropy of the metal strips can be further measured to facilitate the establishment of a metal strip performance database, which is beneficial for engineers to select and design the composition of metal strips under different working conditions.
[0064] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the entrainment module 5 includes an entrainment block 51, an upper left clamping plate 52, an upper right clamping plate 53, a lower left clamping plate 54 and a lower right clamping plate 55; wherein, the upper left clamping plate 52 and the lower left clamping plate 54 are connected by four connecting bolts; the upper right clamping plate 53 and the lower right clamping plate 55 are connected by four connecting bolts; the four entrainment blocks 51 are respectively placed in the grooves provided in the upper left clamping plate 52, the upper right clamping plate 53, the lower left clamping plate 54 and the lower right clamping plate 55, and the depth of the groove is slightly larger than the thickness of the entrainment block 51; anti-rotation ears 511 are provided at both ends of the entrainment block 51, which are respectively connected to the clamping plates to prevent the entrainment block 51 from rotating; the sample is placed between the two entrainment blocks 51, and the side of the entrainment block 51 that clamps the sample is a mesh tooth surface processed by wire cutting, and the mesh tooth surface is 20° to the horizontal direction, which can effectively prevent the entrainment block 51 and the sample from sliding relative to each other. The stretching block 13 relies on the tension and compression shaft 132 to drive the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 to move; when performing angled cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined tests, the stretching block 13 moves in the vertical direction, driving the tension and compression shaft 132 to rotate, so that the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 moves horizontally relative to the stretching block 13, and the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 and the left angle adjustment plate 31 move obliquely upward.
[0065] like Figure 11-15 As shown, in some embodiments, the cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined test at different angles is achieved by rotating the adjustment module 3. After rotating to a specific angle, the left adjustment angle plate 31 is fixed to the left fixed back plate 21 by bolts, and the key is placed between the key groove 312 of the left adjustment angle plate 31 and the key groove 331 of the adjustment angle ring 33 to ensure that the adjustment angle plate 31 no longer rotates. The adjustment module 3 also includes an adjustment angle ring 33, which has a convex edge 333 on its circumference; a key groove 331 is provided on the inner side surface of the adjustment angle ring 33, and a guide groove 332 is provided on the side surface of the adjustment angle ring 33. Figures 16 and 17As shown, a semicircular groove 211 is provided in each of the left and right fixed back plates 21 and 22; a vertical threaded hole 321 is provided on the right angle adjustment plate 32; a protrusion 333 is movably provided in the groove 211 to enable the angle adjustment ring 33 to rotate within the fixed module 2; the angle adjustment ring 33 and the right angle adjustment plate 32 are connected by a stud 34 passing through the vertical threaded hole 321 and the guide groove 332, and the right angle adjustment plate 32 is restricted to reciprocating movement along the length of the guide groove 332. This allows a cyclic shear test to be performed when the guide groove 332 is in the vertical position, and a combined shear and torsion test to be performed when the guide groove 332 is not in the vertical position; a key groove 312 is provided on the inner side of the left angle adjustment plate 31, and the key groove 331 and the key groove 312 are aligned with each other and are respectively connected by a key. The bottom of the back of the left fixed back plate 21 is provided with evenly distributed countersunk holes, which are fixed to the fixed support base 11 by screws.
[0066] like Figure 5-7 As shown, in some embodiments, the stretching block 13 includes a connecting column 136 and a pressure head 131, and the pressure head 131 is arranged at one end of the connecting column 136; a pulling and pressing shaft 132 is provided on the pressure head 131, and the pulling and pressing shaft 132 is rotatably arranged on the pressure head 131; the pulling and pressing shaft 132 is connected to the groove in the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 to drive the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 to move up and down.
[0067] like Figure 5-7 As shown, in some embodiments, a connecting slot 125 is provided on the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12; the pressure head 131 is sleeved on both sides of the connecting slot 125 so that the tension and compression shaft 132 is set in the connecting slot 125; the tension and compression shaft 132 can move horizontally in the connecting slot 125. When performing a cyclic shear test or a shear and torsion combined test on the metal strip angle (the angle may include 30°, 45°, 65°), the tensile block 13 moves in the vertical direction to rotate the tension and compression shaft 132, and drives the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 to move horizontally relative to the tensile block 13, while the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 and the left angle adjustment plate 31 move obliquely upward. When performing a cyclic shear test, the remaining three torsion components 41 are used to connect the upper right clamping block plate 53 and the right angle adjustment plate 32, and the upper right clamping block plate 53 performs a cyclic reciprocating motion with the right angle adjustment plate 32.
[0068] When performing a combined shear and torsion test in the present application, a torsion assembly 41 can be used to connect the upper right clamping plate 53 and the right angle adjustment plate 31. When the upper right clamping plate 53 performs a cyclic reciprocating motion with the right angle adjustment plate 31, it will twist relative to the right angle adjustment plate 31, thereby realizing a combined shear and torsion test.
[0069] like Figure 5-7As shown, in some embodiments, the connection module 1 further includes bearings 133, shaft end retaining rings 134, and end caps 135; wherein, both ends of the tension and compression shaft 132 are mounted within the pressure head 131 via the bearings 133 and secured using the shaft end retaining rings 134 and end caps 135. The connection module 1 may further include two connecting bolts 121, four support nuts 122, and two connecting nuts 123. The four support nuts 122 are disposed within the connecting slots 125 of the servo-adjustable connection block 12. The connecting bolts 121 pass through the servo-adjustable connection block 12 and the support nuts 122 to connect to the connecting nuts 123, preventing deformation at the connecting slots 125 of the servo-adjustable connection block 12. The connecting slots 125 are preferably rectangular slots.
[0070] like Figure 5-7 As shown, in some embodiments, the entrainment module 5 further includes multiple connecting screws and multiple clamping screws. Threaded holes are provided on the upper surfaces of the left upper clamping plate 52 and the right upper clamping plate 53. The left upper clamping plate 52 and the right upper clamping plate 53 are connected to the left lower clamping plate 42 and the right lower clamping plate 55, respectively, via connecting screws. The clamping screws act on the entrainment block 51 through the left upper clamping plate 52 or the right upper clamping plate 53, ensuring close contact between the entrainment block 51 and the specimen. By replacing the entrainment block 51 with different widths, cyclic shear or combined shear and torsion tests at different spacings can be performed.
[0071] like Figure 1-17 As shown, the present invention also provides a testing method for a metal strip, wherein the testing method uses the above-mentioned testing fixture; the testing method includes the following steps:
[0072] S1: Clamp one end of the metal strip to the left clamping plate of the test fixture, and clamp the other end of the metal strip to the right clamping plate of the test fixture;
[0073] S2: Connect the left clamping plate to the left angle adjustment plate 31 through the torsion module 4, and restrict the left clamping plate from moving or rotating on the fixing module 2;
[0074] S3: When performing a shear test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate 32 of the test fixture, and the right clamping plate is restricted to move only relative to the left clamping plate; the connecting module 1 can drive the right angle adjustment plate 32 to move up and down, so that the right angle adjustment plate 32 drives the right clamping plate to move relative to the left clamping plate;
[0075] S4: When performing a combined shear and torsion test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate 32 of the test fixture through the torsion module 4, so that the right clamping plate can move relative to the left clamping plate and rotate at the same time; the connecting module 1 can drive the right angle adjustment plate 32 to move up and down, so that the right angle adjustment plate 32 drives the right clamping plate to move relative to the left clamping plate and rotate at the same time;
[0076] S5: Connect the connection module 1 of the test fixture to the stretching machine, so that the stretching machine can drive the connection module 1 to move up and down, and further enable the connection module 1 to drive the right angle adjustment plate 32 to move.
[0077] like Figure 1 or Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, in step S3, when performing the shear test, the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate 32 are connected through multiple torsion modules 4, and the multiple torsion modules 4 are respectively connected between the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate 32 in different directions; the first torsion member 42 of each torsion module 4 is connected to the right clamping plate, and the second torsion member 43 of each torsion module 4 is connected to the right angle adjustment plate 32.
[0078] like Figure 2 or Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, in step S4, when performing a combined shear and torsion test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate 32 through a torsion module 4, the first torsion member 42 of the torsion module 4 is connected to the right clamping plate, and the second torsion member 43 of each torsion module 4 is connected to the right angle adjustment plate 32; the right clamping plate can rotate around the second torsion member 43 of the torsion module 4 on the right angle adjustment plate 32.
[0079] like Figures 3 and 4 As shown, in some embodiments, when performing a metal strip angle cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined test, the stretching block 13 moves in the vertical direction to rotate the tension and compression shaft 132, and drives the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 to move horizontally relative to the stretching block 13, while the follow-up adjustment connecting block 12 and the left angle adjustment plate 31 move obliquely upward.
[0080] Before the trial begins, the following steps are also included:
[0081] S11: Assemble the various modules of the test fixture with bolts, connect the fixed support base 11 of the test fixture to the lower end of the stretching machine with locating pins, connect the stretching block 13 to the upper end of the stretching machine, complete the assembly of the test fixture and the stretching machine, check the connection status of the test fixture and the testing machine, and ensure that the installation is stable.
[0082] S12: Loosen the connecting screws between the follow-up adjustment connecting block and the adjustment module, rotate the adjustment module, the torsion module, and the entrainment module to a predetermined angle according to the test requirements, and then tighten the connecting screws to ensure that the modules do not rotate during the test;
[0083] S13: Loosen the connecting screws and the clamping screws in the entrainment module, place the specimen in the middle of the entrainment block, and tighten the connecting screws and the clamping screws to ensure that the specimen does not slide during the test;
[0084] S14: Set appropriate shear rate and other relevant test parameters according to material properties and test requirements for testing.
[0085] According to the above scheme, the specific application cases of the present invention are as follows:
[0086] Experimental Plan: This study employed a proprietary fixture for testing the yield shear strength and Bauschinger effect of ultra-thin metal strips, combined with a universal tensile testing system, to conduct systematic cyclic shear tests on 0.1mm thick 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strips with varying grain sizes (9.4μm, 19.2μm, and 50.8μm). Three displacements of 0.4mm, 0.6mm, and 0.8mm were set (corresponding to pre-shear strains of 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively). The tensile testing machine recorded the load-displacement data during the cyclic shear process in real time. The raw data were then converted into shear stress-strain curves with greater engineering applicability using the shear stress-strain calculation formula.
[0087] Experimental results:
[0088] Mechanical properties: Shear stress-shear strain curves of 304 stainless steel metal strips with grain sizes of 9.4μm, 19.2μm, and 50.8μm during the forward shear bending-unloading-reverse shear bending deformation process under different pre-shear strain conditions are shown in Figure 2. Figure 18 、 19 As shown in Figure 20, from the shear stress-shear strain curve, it is found that the yield shear strength of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strips with grain sizes of 9.4μm, 19.2μm, and 50.8μm in the forward shear bending process is 295MPa, 263MPa, and 178MPa respectively; when the pre-shear strain is 10%, the flow shear stress in the forward shear bending process is 317MPa, 283MPa, and 191MPa respectively; the yield shear strength in the reverse shear bending process is 151MPa, 154MPa, and 93MPa respectively. MPa; when the pre-shear strain is 15%, the flow shear stresses in the forward shear folding process are 324MPa, 290MPa, and 200MPa respectively; the yield shear strengths in the reverse shear folding process are 135MPa, 139MPa, and 85MPa respectively; when the pre-shear strain is 20%, the flow shear stresses in the forward shear folding process are 332MPa, 298MPa, and 209MPa respectively; the yield shear strengths in the reverse shear folding process are 128MPa, 131MPa, and 82MPa respectively.
[0089] Bauschinger Effect Characterization: By introducing Bauschinger parameters, the mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel strips during cyclic shear deformation can be accurately characterized and directly correlated with the yield characteristics of the material under forward and reverse loading. The characterization parameters of the Bauschinger effect can be obtained according to the yield shear strength, flow shear stress and yield shear strength in the forward shear bending process. When the grain size is 9.4μm, the pre-shear strain is 10%, 15% and 20%, and the corresponding Bauschinger coefficients are 0.49, 0.54 and 0.56 respectively; when the grain size is 19.2μm, the pre-shear strain is 10%, 15% and 20%, and the corresponding Bauschinger coefficients are 0.42, 0.47 and 0.50 respectively; when the grain size is 50.8μm, the pre-shear strain is 10%, 15% and 20%, and the corresponding Bauschinger coefficients are 0.47, 0.52 and 0.54 respectively; the characterization parameters of the Bauschinger effect of 304 stainless steel strips with three grain sizes under different pre-shear strain conditions are compared. Figure 21 、 22 , as shown in 23.
[0090] from Figure 21 、 22 It can be seen from Figures 23 that with the increase of pre-shear strain, the Bauschinger coefficient and Bauschinger stress parameter of 304 stainless steel metal strip both tend to increase, and the Bauschinger effect factor decreases, indicating that with the increase of pre-shear strain, the Bauschinger effect gradually increases.
[0091] The characterization parameters of the Bauschinger effect and the grain size of 304 stainless steel strips under three pre-shear strain conditions were compared. Figure 24 、 25 , as shown in 26.
[0092] from Figure 24 、 25 It can be seen from Figures 26 that with the increase of grain size, the Bauschinger coefficient and Bauschinger stress parameter of 304 stainless steel metal strip first decrease and then increase, and the Bauschinger effect factor first increases and then decreases, indicating that with the increase of grain size, the Bauschinger effect first weakens and then strengthens.
[0093] The solution proposed in this application has the following technical advantages:
[0094] (1) In the solution proposed in this application, the left angle adjustment plate and the right angle adjustment plate are respectively in close contact with the angle adjustment ring and are in the same plane. The left clamping plate is connected to the left angle adjustment plate through a torsion assembly, and the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate through a torsion assembly. The torsion axis is at the same height to ensure that the left and right clamping plates are in the same plane, thereby keeping the sample in the clamping plate in a planar position to ensure the test effect.
[0095] (2) The solution proposed in this application can be used to conduct cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined tests on metal strips of various materials, and has a wide range of applications.
[0096] (3) The solution proposed in this application can realize cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined tests at different spacings by replacing the entrainment blocks of different widths.
[0097] (4) The solution proposed in this application can realize cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined tests at any angle.
[0098] (5) The solution proposed in this application is simple to operate, and each component is independent and easy to replace. It has good promotion and practical value. After widespread promotion, it will enhance the economic and social benefits of the industry.
[0099] Although the embodiments disclosed in this application are as described above, the contents described are merely embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art of the art to which this application belongs may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this application. However, the scope of patent protection of this application shall still be based on the scope defined by the attached claims.
Claims
1. A test fixture for a metal strip, characterized in that: The test fixture comprises a connecting module (1), a fixing module (2), an adjusting module (3) and a clamping module (5); the adjusting module (3) comprises a left angle adjustment plate (31) and a right angle adjustment plate (32); the clamping module (5) comprises a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate; the left angle adjustment plate (31) is detachably arranged on the fixing module (2); the right angle adjustment plate (32) is detachably arranged on the fixing module (2) and can be reciprocated on the fixing module (2) or reciprocated on the fixing module (2) upward rotation; the left clamping plate is connected to the left adjustment angle plate (31); the right adjustment angle plate (32) is connected to the right clamping plate through one or more of the torsion modules (4) to drive the right clamping plate to move or rotate relative to the left clamping plate; the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are used to clamp the metal belt; the connecting module (1) is used to connect the right adjustment angle plate (32) and the stretching machine respectively; the stretching machine can drive the right adjustment angle plate (32) to move or rotate through the connecting module (1).
2. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test fixture of the metal strip is used to test the yield shear strength and / or Bauschinger effect of the metal strip, and the thickness of the metal strip is 20 μm to 500 μm; The connecting module (1) comprises a fixed support seat (11), a follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) and a stretching block (13); the fixed module (2) is arranged on the fixed support seat (11), and the fixed support seat (11) is also used to connect with the lower end of the stretching machine; the stretching block (13) is connected to the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12), and the stretching block (13) is also used to connect with the upper end of the stretching machine; the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) is detachably connected to the right adjustment angle plate (32) and can drive the right adjustment angle plate (32) to move back and forth.
3. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) is provided with an arcuate through-slot (124), and the right adjustment angle plate (32) is provided with a plurality of connection threaded holes (322); the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) can be fixed in the connection threaded holes (322) by passing a bolt through the arcuate through-slot (124) to confirm the angle of the right adjustment angle plate (32) on the fixed module (2); the left adjustment angle plate (31) is provided with an arcuate connection slot (311); the left adjustment angle plate (31) is fixed on the left fixed back plate (21) by passing a bolt through the arcuate connection slot (311) to confirm the angle of the left adjustment angle plate (31) on the left fixed back plate (21).
4. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion module (4) comprises a torsion assembly (41), the torsion assembly (41) comprises a first torsion member (42) and a second torsion member (43), the first torsion member (42) and the second torsion member (43) being connected via a torsion shaft (411); The left clamping plate is connected to the left angle adjustment plate (31) through a plurality of the torsion modules (4) to limit the movement of the left clamping plate; a plurality of connection holes (36) are respectively provided on the left clamping plate and the left angle adjustment plate (31); the first torsion member (42) of the torsion module (4) is connected to the connection hole of the left angle adjustment plate (31) through its screw rod (414), and the second torsion member (43) of the torsion module (4) is connected to the connection hole of the left clamping plate through its screw rod (414); and / or, A plurality of connection holes (36) are respectively provided on the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate (32); the first torsion member (42) of the torsion module (4) is detachably connected to the connection hole of the right clamping plate via its screw rod (414), and the second torsion member (43) of the torsion module (4) is detachably connected to the connection hole of the right angle adjustment plate (32) via its screw rod (414), so that the right angle adjustment plate (32) can drive the right clamping plate to move or rotate relative to the left clamping plate.
5. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate; a gap (35) is provided between the left angle adjustment plate (31) and the right angle adjustment plate (32); the gap between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate and the gap (35) between the left angle adjustment plate (31) and the right angle adjustment plate (32) are located on the same straight line; The left clamping plate comprises an upper left clamping plate (52) and a lower left clamping plate (54), and the clamping surfaces of the upper left clamping plate (52) and the lower left clamping plate (54) are respectively meshed tooth surfaces; the upper left clamping plate (52) and the lower left clamping plate (54) are connected by bolts, and one end of the metal belt is clamped by the clamping surface; The right clamping plate comprises a right upper clamping plate (53) and a right lower clamping plate (55), and the clamping surfaces of the right upper clamping plate (53) and the right lower clamping plate (55) are respectively meshed tooth surfaces; the right upper clamping plate (53) and the right lower clamping plate (55) are connected by bolts, and the other end of the metal belt is clamped by the clamping surface.
6. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment module (3) further comprises an adjustment angle ring (33), wherein a convex edge (333) is provided on the circumference of the adjustment angle ring (33); a key groove (331) is provided on the inner side surface of the adjustment angle ring (33), and a guide groove (332) is provided on the side surface of the adjustment angle ring (33); a semicircular groove (211) is provided in the left fixed back plate (21) and the right fixed back plate (22); a vertical threaded hole (321) is provided on the right adjustment angle plate (32); the convex edge (333) is movably arranged in the groove (211) so as to The angle adjustment ring (33) is enabled to rotate within the fixed module (2); the angle adjustment ring (33) and the right angle adjustment plate (32) are connected via a stud (34) passing through the vertical threaded hole (321) and the guide groove (332), and the right angle adjustment plate (32) is restricted to reciprocating movement only along the length direction of the guide groove (332); a key groove (312) is provided on the inner side surface of the left angle adjustment plate (31), and the key groove (331) and the key groove (312) are aligned with each other and are respectively connected via keys.
7. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stretching block (13) includes a connecting column (136) and a pressure head (131), wherein the pressure head (131) is arranged at one end of the connecting column (136); a tensioning and pressing shaft (132) is provided on the pressure head (131), and the tensioning and pressing shaft (132) is rotatably arranged on the pressure head (131); the tensioning and pressing shaft (132) is connected to the groove in the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) to drive the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) to move up and down.
8. The metal strip test fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) is provided with a connecting groove (125); the pressure head (131) is sleeved on both sides of the connecting groove (125) so that the tension and compression shaft (132) is set in the connecting groove (125); the tension and compression shaft (132) can move horizontally in the connecting groove (125); when performing a metal strip angle cyclic shear or shear and torsion combined test, the stretching block (13) moves in the vertical direction so that the tension and compression shaft (132) rotates and drives the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) to move horizontally relative to the stretching block (13), thereby driving the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) and the left adjustment angle plate (31) to move obliquely upward.
9. A method for testing a metal strip, characterized in that: The test method adopts the test fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the test method The following processes are included: S1: Clamp one end of the metal belt onto the left clamping plate of the test fixture, and clamp the other end of the metal belt onto the right clamping plate of the test fixture; S2: connecting the left clamping plate to the left angle adjustment plate (31) via a torsion module (4), and restricting the movement or rotation of the left clamping plate; S3: When performing a shear test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate (32) of the test fixture, and the right clamping plate is restricted to move only relative to the left clamping plate; S4: When performing a combined shear and torsion test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate (32) of the test fixture via the torsion module (4), and the right clamping plate is allowed to move relative to the left clamping plate while rotating; S5: Connecting the connecting module (1) of the test fixture to a stretching machine, so that the stretching machine can drive the connecting module (1) to move up and down.
10. The metal strip testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step S3, when performing the shear test, the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate (32) are connected via a plurality of torsion modules (4), wherein the plurality of torsion modules (4) are connected between the right clamping plate and the right angle adjustment plate (32) in different directions; a first torsion member (42) of each torsion module (4) is connected to the right clamping plate, and a second torsion member (43) of each torsion module (4) is connected to the right angle adjustment plate (32); In step S4, when performing a combined shear and torsion test, the right clamping plate is connected to the right angle adjustment plate (32) via a torsion module (4), the first torsion member (42) of the torsion module (4) is connected to the right clamping plate, and the second torsion member (43) of each torsion module (4) is connected to the right angle adjustment plate (32); the right clamping plate is capable of rotating around the second torsion member (43) of the torsion module (4) on the right angle adjustment plate (32); When performing a metal strip angle cyclic shearing or shearing and torsion combination test, the stretching block (13) moves in the vertical direction to rotate the tension and compression shaft (132), and drives the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) to move horizontally relative to the stretching block (13), while the follow-up adjustment connecting block (12) and the left angle adjustment plate (31) move obliquely upward.