Risk management and control method and system for flue gas pollutants of waste incineration power plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a risk management and control method and a risk management and control system for flue gas dirt and university of a waste incineration power plant, and relates to the technical field of risk management and control methods.Abnormal purification nodes are determined according to a flue gas purification process table and corresponding flue gas dirt and university data; and the risk management and control grade of the flue gas sewage draining exit is determined according to the abnormal purification node and the components of the harmful objects in the flue gas sewage disposal system data, so that the accuracy of the risk management and control grade of the flue gas sewage draining exit is improved. Therefore, a flue gas pollution discharge distribution diagram of the waste incineration power plant is determined based on the risk management and control grade and pollution discharge direction of each flue gas pollution discharge port and the multiple groups of flue gas pollution university data, and the risk management and control grade of the waste incineration power plant is determined based on the flue gas pollution discharge distribution diagram; and triggering corresponding emergency control measures according to the risk control grade of the waste incineration power plant and the waste incineration amount so as to dynamically regulate and control the risk control grade corresponding to the flue gas sewage draining exit, thereby realizing the risk control of flue gas pollutants of the waste incineration power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of risk management methods, and in particular to a risk management method and system for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, waste incineration power plants are used to incinerate waste and use the energy output by waste incineration to generate electricity, thereby achieving full utilization of waste. In the existing technology, waste incineration power plants have corresponding waste incineration spaces, and waste is incinerated in the waste incineration spaces. Flue gas pollutants generated during the incineration process are discharged along the flue gas outlets of the waste incineration power plant. Flue gas pollutant data from each flue gas outlet are collected, and the risk control level of the flue gas outlet is determined based on the identification of the flue gas pollutant data. The impact of abnormal purification nodes is not considered, resulting in low accuracy of the risk control level of the flue gas outlet, which affects the risk control of flue gas pollutants in the waste incineration power plant. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method and system for risk management of flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for risk control of flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant, comprising: Determine multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data based on the detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant; Based on the tracing of each flue gas outlet, the corresponding waste incineration event in the waste incineration power plant is determined, and the corresponding waste batch and corresponding flue gas purification process table are determined according to the detection of the waste incineration event; Determine abnormal purification nodes based on the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollutant data, and determine the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the abnormal purification nodes and the composition of harmful substances in the flue gas pollutant data; Determine the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determine the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map; According to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, corresponding emergency control measures are triggered to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a risk management system for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant. The risk management system for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant is applied to the above-mentioned risk management method for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant. The risk management system for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant includes: A detection module, used to determine multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data based on detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant; The waste incineration module is used to identify the corresponding waste incineration events in the waste incineration power plant based on the tracing of each flue gas outlet, and to determine the corresponding waste batch and the corresponding flue gas purification process table based on the detection of the waste incineration events; The first risk control level module is used to determine abnormal purification nodes based on the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollution data, and determine the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the abnormal purification nodes and the composition of harmful substances in the flue gas pollution data; The second risk control level module is used to determine the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction and multiple sets of flue gas pollution statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determine the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map; The emergency management and control module is used to trigger corresponding emergency management and control measures according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, so as to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In an embodiment of the present invention, through the method in the embodiment of the present invention, multiple groups of flue gas pollution data are determined based on the detection of each flue gas discharge outlet of the waste incineration power plant; based on the tracing of each flue gas discharge outlet, the corresponding waste incineration event in the waste incineration power plant is determined, and the corresponding waste batch and the corresponding flue gas purification process table are determined according to the detection of the waste incineration event; the abnormal purification node is determined according to the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollution data, and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet is determined according to the abnormal purification node and the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the abnormal purification node and the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, improves the accuracy of the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet, and further realizes the risk control of flue gas pollution in the waste incineration power plant.

[0007] Therefore, based on the risk control level, discharge direction and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant data of each flue gas outlet, the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant is determined, and the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is determined based on the flue gas emission distribution map; according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, the corresponding emergency control measures are triggered to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas outlet, and the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is introduced to ensure the accuracy of the emergency control measures and realize the risk control of the flue gas pollutants of the waste incineration power plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for risk control of flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of step S11 in the risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of step S12 in the risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a flow chart of step S13 in the risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 1 is a flow chart of step S14 in the risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 1 is a flow chart of step S15 in the risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the risk management system of flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0010] See also Figures 1 to 7 A risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant is applied to a risk control scenario of flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant includes: Step S11: determining multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data based on detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant; Step S12: determining corresponding waste incineration events in the waste incineration power plant based on the tracing of each flue gas outlet, and determining corresponding waste batches and corresponding flue gas purification process tables based on the detection of the waste incineration events; Step S13: determining abnormal purification nodes according to the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollutant data, and determining the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet according to the abnormal purification nodes and the components of harmful substances in the flue gas pollutant data; Step S14: determining a flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction, and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determining the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map; Step S15: triggering corresponding emergency control measures according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, so as to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet; refer to Figure 2 In step S11, multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data are determined based on the detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S111: Collecting the names of the waste incineration power plants, determining a distribution map of the waste incineration power plants based on the names of the waste incineration power plants and a town database, and determining the locations of each flue gas discharge outlet based on the identification of the distribution map of the waste incineration power plants; S112: triggering flue gas pollutant detection at each flue gas outlet based on the location of each flue gas outlet, and collecting previous pollutants at each flue gas outlet during the flue gas pollutant detection at each flue gas outlet; S113: determining a set of flue gas pollutant data based on the previous flue gas pollutants from the flue gas discharge outlet and the flue gas pollutants just discharged from the flue gas discharge outlet, and matching each flue gas discharge outlet with a set of flue gas pollutant data.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the name of the waste incineration power plant is collected, and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant is determined based on the name of the waste incineration power plant and the town database. The location of each flue gas outlet is determined based on the identification of the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the name of the waste incineration power plant and the town database, and ensures the accuracy of the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant.

[0012] At this point, collect the names of waste incineration power plants and obtain a list of names of waste incineration power plants from relevant government regulatory agencies, industry associations, or corporate databases; ensure that the collected names are accurate to avoid mismatching in subsequent steps.

[0013] Match the collected names of waste incineration power plants with the town database to determine the geographical location of each waste incineration power plant; use geographic information system (GIS) tools, such as ArcGIS, QGIS, etc., to import the matched geographical location information to generate a distribution map of waste incineration power plants; optionally, assume that there is a database containing national town information, including the name, latitude and longitude coordinates of each town; match each power plant name in the list of waste incineration power plants downloaded from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment with the town database, find the town where each power plant is located, and obtain its latitude and longitude coordinates; then, import these coordinate information into the GIS tool to generate a distribution map of waste incineration power plants across the country.

[0014] On the map of waste incineration power plants, identify and mark the locations of each flue gas outlet based on the layout diagram or design documents of each power plant. If the layout diagram or design documents are not available, obtain the location information of the flue gas outlets through on-site inspection or communication with the company. Optionally, obtain the layout diagram of the power plant, which clearly marks the location of the flue gas purification system and outlets. Open the distribution map of the power plant in the GIS tool and refer to the layout diagram to mark the locations of all flue gas outlets on the map. If the layout diagram is not available, contact the power plant management personnel to arrange an on-site inspection, or use a drone for aerial photography to obtain the location information of the flue gas outlets.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the position of each flue gas exhaust port, the flue gas pollutant detection of each flue gas exhaust port is triggered. In the flue gas pollutant detection of each flue gas exhaust port, the previous pollutants of the flue gas exhaust port are collected and cited.

[0016] At this time, according to the location of each flue gas outlet determined in step S111, corresponding flue gas pollutant detection equipment is configured or designated for each outlet. These devices should be able to monitor the concentration of pollutants in the flue gas in real time, including but not limited to particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals and organic pollutants, etc. After the equipment is configured, the detection task is automatically or manually triggered according to the preset monitoring frequency (such as hourly, daily or weekly). Optionally, an online continuous flue gas monitoring system (CEMS) is installed for each flue gas outlet of a waste incineration power plant. The system is capable of monitoring the concentration of multiple pollutants in the flue gas in real time; according to the requirements of the local environmental protection department and the operation plan of the power plant, an automatic monitoring task is set to be performed 4 times a day (once every 6 hours).

[0017] While conducting real-time flue gas pollutant detection, it is also necessary to review and collect past pollutant data for each flue gas outlet. These past data come from historical monitoring records, test reports from environmental protection departments, and the company's internal environmental management system. The purpose of collecting past data is to compare with current monitoring data, analyze trends and changes in pollutant emissions, and evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the flue gas purification system. Optionally, assume that a CEMS system has been installed for the flue gas outlet of a waste incineration power plant, and the system has been running for a period of time, accumulating a large amount of historical monitoring data. Export the monitoring data for the past year from the data storage module of the CEMS system. These data include parameters such as pollutant concentration, flue gas flow, and temperature at each time point.

[0018] At the same time, we also obtained the power plant's past environmental inspection reports from the local environmental protection department. These reports usually contain more comprehensive pollutant emission data and the environmental protection department's assessment opinions. We integrated and analyzed these past data with the current real-time monitoring data to obtain a complete historical record of pollutant emissions from each flue gas outlet, providing an important basis for subsequent risk assessment and control.

[0019] Therefore, a set of flue gas pollutant data is determined based on the previous flue gas pollutants and the flue gas pollutants just discharged from the flue gas outlet. Each flue gas outlet is matched with a set of flue gas pollutant data, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the previous flue gas pollutants and the flue gas pollutants just discharged from the flue gas outlet, and ensures the accuracy of a set of flue gas pollutant data.

[0020] At this time, the previous pollutant data of each flue gas outlet are collected and integrated to form a complete historical data set. These data come from different monitoring systems, time periods and detection standards, so they need to be uniformly processed and standardized to ensure the consistency and comparability of the data; optionally, the CEMS system monitoring data of each flue gas outlet in the past year are imported into a database, including date, time, pollutant type (such as SO2, NOx, PM, etc.), concentration value and other information; then, the data is cleaned and preprocessed to remove outliers, fill in missing values, and summarize the monitoring data of different time periods according to a unified time interval (such as daily average, monthly average, etc.).

[0021] Obtain the flue gas pollutant data just discharged from each flue gas outlet in the current or recent time period. These data are usually obtained through real-time monitoring equipment (such as CEMS) and reflect the current emission status of the flue gas outlet. At this time, obtain the latest monitoring data from the system's real-time data interface, including pollutant concentration, flue gas flow, temperature and other information at the current time point. These data will be used for comparison and analysis with previous data.

[0022] After integrating previous data and obtaining current data, it is necessary to combine these data into a complete set of flue gas pollutant statistics data according to certain rules or standards. This set of data should be able to fully reflect the emission status of the flue gas outlets, including historical trends, current levels and future changes; at this time, create a data report for each flue gas outlet, which includes a historical pollutant emission trend chart of the outlet, a current pollutant concentration table, and a comparative analysis with other outlets. These reports will serve as a set of flue gas pollutant statistics data for subsequent risk assessment and management decisions.

[0023] Matching each flue gas outlet with its corresponding set of flue gas pollutant statistics means that an association relationship needs to be established to ensure that each outlet can be uniquely identified and associated with its related data; optionally, a unique identifier (such as ID number, name, etc.) is assigned to each flue gas outlet in the database, and the identifier is associated with the corresponding data report, so that when it is necessary to query or analyze the emission status of a certain outlet, its related data report can be quickly located.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, a preset flue gas outlet matching table is collected, and the flue gas outlet matching table is shown in Table 1: Table 1 Flue gas emission matching table Flue gas outlet ID Historical monthly average SO2 concentration (mg / m³) Historical monthly average NOx concentration (mg / m³) Current daily average concentration of SO2 (mg / m³) Current daily average NOx concentration (mg / m³) Flue gas flow (m³ / h) Temperature (℃) 001 50 100 48 98 5000 150 002 60 120 58 115 6000 160 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... In the flue gas emission matching table, each flue gas emission outlet (such as ID 001 and 002) has a set of matching flue gas pollutant statistics data, including historical and current SO2, NOx concentrations, as well as flue gas flow and temperature parameters.

[0025] refer to Figure 3 In step S12, the corresponding waste incineration events in the waste incineration power plant are determined based on the tracing of each flue gas discharge outlet, and the corresponding waste batches and the corresponding flue gas purification process table are determined according to the detection of the waste incineration events; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S121: Tracing back each flue gas outlet, determining the corresponding discharge time based on the tracing back of each flue gas outlet, and determining the corresponding waste incineration event based on the discharge time of the flue gas outlet and the incineration schedule of the waste incineration power plant; S122: In each waste incineration event, a corresponding waste batch is determined based on the tracing of the waste incineration event, and a corresponding waste incineration space is determined based on the analysis of the waste batch; S123: Determine the emission path of flue gas pollutants based on the waste incineration space and the corresponding flue gas discharge outlet, determine the corresponding flue gas purification path based on the emission path of flue gas pollutants and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, determine the corresponding flue gas purification process table based on the flue gas purification path and the waste incineration event, and match each flue gas discharge outlet with a flue gas purification process table.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, each flue gas discharge outlet is traced, and the corresponding discharge time is determined based on the tracing of each flue gas discharge outlet, and the corresponding garbage incineration event is determined based on the discharge time of the flue gas discharge outlet and the incineration schedule of the garbage incineration power plant. This is compatible with the overall consideration of the discharge time of the flue gas discharge outlet and the incineration schedule of the garbage incineration power plant, ensuring the accuracy of the corresponding garbage incineration event.

[0027] At this point, review and record the emission history of each flue gas outlet, which usually involves accessing the flue gas emission monitoring system (CEMS) or other relevant databases to collect emission data for each outlet, including emission time, pollutant type and concentration, etc. The purpose of tracing is to establish a timeline for each outlet for subsequent analysis; at this point, access the CEMS system to extract the emission records of each flue gas outlet in the past month. These records include date, timestamp, concentration values ​​of pollutants such as SO2, NOx, PM, etc.; organize these data into tables or database forms for subsequent query and analysis.

[0028] After collecting the emission data for each flue gas outlet, the specific discharge time needs to be determined, which is usually achieved by analyzing the timestamps in the emission data; for each outlet, the time points of all its emission events are listed for subsequent comparison with the incineration schedule; at this time, the emission time of each outlet is extracted from the emission data; for example, the emission time of a flue gas outlet on April 1, 2023 is from 14:00 to 16:00, and this time period is recorded as the basis for subsequent analysis.

[0029] Compare the discharge time of each flue gas outlet with the incineration schedule of the waste incineration power plant; the incineration schedule usually contains information such as the operating time of the waste incinerator, the type and quantity of incinerated garbage, etc.; through comparison, determine the garbage incineration event corresponding to each discharge time; optionally, assume that there is an incineration schedule of a waste incineration power plant, which lists the operating time of each incinerator and the batch of garbage incinerated; compare the discharge time of each flue gas outlet with the operating time in the incineration schedule to find the corresponding garbage incineration event; for example, if a flue gas outlet has an emission record between 14:00 and 16:00 on April 1, 2023, and the incineration schedule shows that the incinerator is running during this time period, and the garbage batch B001 from a certain urban area is being incinerated, then it is determined that the garbage incineration event corresponding to this discharge time is the incineration process of B001.

[0030] Furthermore, in each waste incineration event, the corresponding waste batch is determined based on the tracing of the waste incineration event, and the corresponding waste incineration space is determined based on the analysis of the waste batch, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the tracing of the waste incineration event and ensures the accuracy of the corresponding waste batch.

[0031] At this point, each waste incineration event is traced back to determine the corresponding waste batch; waste batches are usually divided according to the collection, transportation and processing time of the waste; tracing the waste incineration events helps to find the waste batch information related to a specific time period; at this point, the operation log or management system of the waste incineration power plant is consulted to find the timestamp corresponding to each waste incineration event; then, these timestamps are compared with the waste collection and processing records to determine the waste batch used for each incineration event, which are maintained by the waste collection company or the waste incineration power plant itself.

[0032] Once the garbage batches are identified, the next step is to parse these batches to determine the specific spatial locations where they are incinerated, which usually involves the layout and operating procedures of the waste incineration power plant; different garbage batches will be assigned to different incinerators or incineration lines for treatment; at this time, once the garbage batches corresponding to each garbage incineration event are known, the layout diagram and operating procedure instructions of the waste incineration power plant are consulted to determine the specific locations where these batches are incinerated; for example, a garbage batch is assigned to the east line of incinerator 1 for treatment, while another batch is assigned to the west line of incinerator 2.

[0033] Specifically, suppose you are auditing the environmental management activities of a waste incineration power plant and need to determine the waste batches and incineration spaces corresponding to each waste incineration event. Through tracing and analysis, the following information is discovered: Waste incineration incident 1: occurred on April 1, 2023, involving waste batch A001; by checking the operation log, it was found that waste batch A001 was transported to the waste incineration power plant on the morning of that day; further checking the layout diagram and operating process instructions determined that waste batch A001 was assigned to the east line of incinerator 1 for incineration.

[0034] Waste incineration event 2: occurred on April 2, 2023, involving waste batch B002. Similarly, the operation log shows that waste batch B002 arrived that afternoon. Based on the layout diagram and operating procedures, it was determined that waste batch B002 was assigned to the west line of incinerator 2 for incineration. This completes step S122, identifying the corresponding waste batch and incineration space for each waste incineration event. This information is crucial for subsequent environmental risk assessments and the development of control measures. By understanding the source, composition, and specific incineration location of each batch of waste, pollutant emissions generated during the waste incineration process can be more effectively monitored and managed.

[0035] Therefore, the emission path of flue gas pollutants is determined according to the waste incineration space and the corresponding flue gas discharge outlet, the corresponding flue gas purification path is determined according to the emission path of flue gas pollutants and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, and the corresponding flue gas purification process table is determined based on the flue gas purification path and the waste incineration event. Each flue gas discharge outlet is matched with a flue gas purification process table, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the flue gas purification path and the waste incineration event, and ensures the accuracy of the corresponding flue gas purification process table.

[0036] At this time, the entire emission path from the waste incineration space (such as the incinerator) to the flue gas discharge outlet, which usually involves the flow process of the flue gas after it is generated in the incinerator, through a series of pipes, valves and monitoring equipment, and finally reaches the discharge outlet; understanding the emission path is the basis for determining the flue gas purification needs; at this time, check the flue gas emission system diagram or layout diagram of the waste incineration power plant, these drawings usually mark in detail the flow path of the flue gas from the incinerator to the discharge outlet; in addition, communication with on-site operators or engineers is also an important way to obtain accurate emission path information.

[0037] Once the flue gas emission path is determined, the next step is to determine which purification equipment or treatment processes the flue gas will pass through before being discharged. This usually involves the layout and operation process of the flue gas purification system, including dust collectors, desulfurization devices, denitrification devices, etc. At this time, consult the layout diagram of the waste incineration power plant, especially paying attention to the part about the flue gas purification system; find out which purification equipment the flue gas will pass through before being discharged, as well as the specific location and connection method of these devices; in addition, communicate with the operator or maintenance personnel of the flue gas purification system to obtain more detailed purification path and operation information.

[0038] According to the flue gas purification path corresponding to each waste incineration event, a detailed flue gas purification flow chart should be developed. This flow chart should include all the purification steps that the flue gas goes through from the incinerator to the final emission port, the purification equipment used, the operating conditions (such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc.) and the expected purification effect (such as pollutant removal rate); at this time, according to the operation manual or standard operating procedure (SOP) of the flue gas purification system, combined with the specific circumstances of each waste incineration event (such as the type and quantity of incinerated waste, incineration temperature, etc.), a detailed flue gas purification flow chart should be developed. This flow chart should clearly and accurately reflect the flue gas purification path and steps corresponding to each incineration event.

[0039] Match each flue gas outlet with its corresponding flue gas purification process table, which ensures that we know exactly which purification treatments the flue gas discharged from each outlet has undergone and the expected purification effect; at the same time, create a database that lists all flue gas outlets and their corresponding flue gas purification process tables. This database should be easy to query and update so that relevant information can be quickly obtained when needed.

[0040] Specifically, suppose you are conducting an environmental audit of a waste incineration power plant and need to develop a flue gas purification flow chart for each flue gas outlet. The following information has been determined through the previous steps: Waste incineration spaces: Incinerator 1 and Incinerator 2; Flue gas outlets: Outlet A and Outlet B; Flue gas emission path: Flue gas from Incinerator 1 enters dust collector 1 through a pipe, then passes through desulfurization unit 1, and finally reaches outlet A; Flue gas from Incinerator 2 enters dust collector 2 through a pipe, then passes through denitrification unit 2 and desulfurization unit 2, and finally reaches outlet B. Based on this information, the following flue gas purification process table is developed for each flue gas outlet: Flue gas purification process table for outlet A: Purification step 1: Dust collector 1, removes particulate matter; Purification step 2: Desulfurization device 1, removes sulfur dioxide; Expected purification effect: particulate matter removal rate ≥99%, sulfur dioxide removal rate ≥80%.

[0041] Flue gas purification flow chart for discharge outlet B: Purification step 1: dust collector 2, to remove particulate matter; purification step 2: denitrification device 2, to remove nitrogen oxides; purification step 3: desulfurization device 2, to remove sulfur dioxide; expected purification effect: particulate matter removal rate ≥99%, nitrogen oxide removal rate ≥70%, sulfur dioxide removal rate ≥80%. In this way, a detailed flue gas purification flow chart is matched for each flue gas discharge outlet.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, a fume purification process table of the sewage outlet B is collected, and the fume purification process table of the sewage outlet B is shown in Table 2: Table 2 Flue gas purification process flow chart of sewage outlet B Purification step number purification equipment Operating conditions Expected purification effect 1 dust collector Temperature: ≤200°C Particle removal rate: ≥99% 2 Desulfurization unit pH: 8-9 Sulfur dioxide removal rate: ≥80% 3 Denitrification device Temperature: 300-400°C Nitrogen oxide removal rate: ≥70% refer to Figure 4 In step S13, the abnormal purification node is determined according to the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollutant data, and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet is determined according to the abnormal purification node and the composition of harmful substances in the flue gas pollutant data; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S131: collecting a flue gas purification path corresponding to the flue gas purification process table, determining multiple flue gas purification projects based on the division of the flue gas purification process table, and marking the multiple flue gas purification projects in the flue gas purification nodes of the flue gas purification path; S132: Collecting flue gas pollutant data corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet, determining multiple flue gas pollutants based on the classification of the flue gas pollutant data, and marking the relative proportions of the multiple flue gas pollutants; determining abnormal purification nodes based on the relative proportions of the multiple flue gas pollutants, multiple flue gas purification projects, and waste incineration events; S133: Mark the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node. At the same time, collect the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, and determine the risk control level of the flue gas exhaust outlet based on the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node and the purification functions corresponding to the remaining purification nodes.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present application, the flue gas purification path corresponding to the flue gas purification process table is collected, and multiple flue gas purification projects are determined based on the division of the flue gas purification process table. The multiple flue gas purification projects are marked in the flue gas purification node of the flue gas purification path, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the division of the flue gas purification process table and ensures the accuracy of multiple flue gas purification projects.

[0044] At this time, collect the flue gas purification process chart. According to the flue gas purification process chart, clarify the complete path of the flue gas from the incinerator to the final emission port, which usually involves the connection and layout of a series of pipelines, valves, and purification equipment (such as dust collectors, desulfurization devices, denitrification devices, etc.); divide the flue gas purification path into multiple specific purification projects; each project corresponds to one or more purification equipment and its operating conditions, aiming to remove or reduce the concentration of specific pollutants.

[0045] On the flue gas purification path diagram, each purification item and its location (i.e., purification node) are marked with different colors, symbols or texts. This helps to visually display the flue gas purification process and facilitates subsequent monitoring and analysis.

[0046] Furthermore, the flue gas pollutant data corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet is collected, and multiple flue gas pollutants are determined based on the division of the flue gas pollutant data, and the relative proportions of the multiple flue gas pollutants are marked; the abnormal purification nodes are determined according to the relative proportions of multiple flue gas pollutants, multiple flue gas purification projects and waste incineration events, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the relative proportions of multiple flue gas pollutants, multiple flue gas purification projects and waste incineration events, and ensures the accuracy of the abnormal purification nodes.

[0047] At this time, the flue gas pollution data corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet is collected. At this time, the concentration data of various pollutants in the flue gas discharged from the flue gas discharge outlet are collected. These data are usually obtained in real time through online monitoring equipment and through regular sampling and analysis; pollutants include particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, etc.

[0048] The collected flue gas pollutant data are classified and divided to identify the main types of pollutants, which will help in the subsequent analysis of which pollutants are the main sources of emissions and the extent of their impact on the environment and human health; at the same time, based on the concentration data of each pollutant, their relative proportion in the total pollutant emissions is calculated, which is achieved by dividing the concentration of each pollutant by the sum of the concentrations of all pollutants; the relative proportion reflects the importance of different pollutants in emissions.

[0049] Compare the relative proportion of each pollutant with the expected purification effect; if the pollutant removal rate corresponding to a purification project is lower than expected, or the emission concentration of a certain pollutant is abnormally high, it indicates that there is an abnormality in the purification node; at the same time, consider the specific circumstances of the waste incineration incident (such as the type and quantity of incinerated waste, incineration conditions, etc.), and analyze whether the abnormal purification node is related to these events.

[0050] Therefore, the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node is marked. At the same time, the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data is collected. The risk control level of the flue gas outlet is determined based on the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node and the purification functions corresponding to the remaining purification nodes. This is compatible with the overall consideration of the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node and the purification functions corresponding to the remaining purification nodes, ensuring the accuracy of the risk control level of the flue gas outlet. At the same time, it is compatible with the overall consideration of the abnormal purification node and the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, improving the accuracy of the risk control level of the flue gas outlet, and further realizing the risk control of flue gas pollution in waste incineration power plants.

[0051] At this point, after determining the abnormal purification node, it is necessary to clarify the purification function of the node in the flue gas purification process; for example, if the abnormal node is a desulfurization device, its purification function is to remove sulfur dioxide from the flue gas; at the same time, in-depth analysis of flue gas pollutant data, especially focusing on those harmful substances that have serious harm to human health and the environment, including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, carcinogens, etc.

[0052] The risk control level is determined based on the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, the purification function of the abnormal purification node and the purification function of the remaining purification nodes. At this time, the risk level of the flue gas discharge outlet is evaluated by comprehensively considering the composition of the harmful substances, the degree of failure of the purification function of the abnormal purification node and the removal capacity of the remaining purification nodes for harmful substances; the risk control level is divided into low, medium, high or emergency levels according to the set standards. At the same time, when evaluating, it is necessary to consider the impact of the failure of the abnormal purification node on the overall purification effect, and whether the remaining purification nodes can effectively make up for this defect; if the purification capacity of the remaining purification nodes is not enough to remove harmful substances, or the harmful substances themselves are extremely difficult to remove, then the risk control level will be increased accordingly.

[0053] Specifically, the desulfurization device was identified as an abnormal purification node, and its purification function is to remove sulfur dioxide. Now, we further analyze the harmful substance components in the flue gas pollutant data and determine the risk control level. The purification function of the abnormal purification node (desulfurization device) is to remove sulfur dioxide from the flue gas.

[0054] After an in-depth analysis of the flue gas pollutant data, it was found that in addition to sulfur dioxide, the flue gas also contained a certain amount of heavy metals (such as lead and mercury) and persistent organic pollutants (such as polychlorinated biphenyls), which pose serious hazards to human health and the environment. At the same time, considering that the failure of the desulfurization device resulted in sulfur dioxide emission concentrations far higher than expected, and the flue gas also contained other harmful substances (such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants), the overall risk level was assessed to be high. Although the remaining purification nodes (such as dust collectors, denitrification devices and activated carbon adsorption devices) have a certain removal capacity for some harmful substances, the removal of sulfur dioxide mainly depends on the desulfurization device. In addition, the removal of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants requires more professional purification equipment and technology.

[0055] Therefore, the risk control level of the flue gas outlet is determined to be "high", and it is recommended to take immediate measures to repair the desulfurization equipment, while strengthening the monitoring and removal of other harmful substances.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, a risk control level matching table of flue gas outlets is collected, and the risk control levels of flue gas outlets are shown in Table 3: Table 3 Risk control levels of flue gas discharge outlets Hazardous substances Abnormal purification node purification function Remaining purification nodes purification functions Risk control level of flue gas outlets Sulfur dioxide Removal Limited Removal high nitrogen oxides Limited Removal Removal middle particulate matter Removal Removal Low heavy metal none Limited Removal high Volatile organic compounds Limited Removal Removal middle refer to Figure 5 In step S14, a flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant is determined based on the risk control level, emission direction, and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is determined based on the flue gas emission distribution map; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S141: collecting the positions of each smoke exhaust outlet, determining the current wind direction based on wind direction detection at the position of each smoke exhaust outlet, and determining the discharge direction of each smoke exhaust outlet according to the position of each smoke exhaust outlet, the current wind direction, and the posture of each smoke exhaust outlet; S142: Marking the corresponding risk control level, discharge direction, and flue gas pollutant statistics data at each flue gas discharge outlet, determining the flue gas discharge level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the risk control level, discharge direction, and flue gas pollutant statistics data, and determining the flue gas discharge distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the locations of the multiple flue gas discharge outlets, the flue gas discharge levels, and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant; S143: Determine multiple flue gas emission areas based on regional identification of the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, and determine the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant according to the regional areas, flue gas pollution statistics data of the multiple flue gas emission areas and the flue gas emission capacity preset by the waste incineration power plant.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, the position of each smoke exhaust outlet is collected, the current wind direction is determined based on the wind direction detection at the position of each smoke exhaust outlet, and the discharge direction of each smoke exhaust outlet is determined according to the position of each smoke exhaust outlet, the current wind direction and the posture of each smoke exhaust outlet. This is compatible with the overall consideration of the position of each smoke exhaust outlet, the current wind direction and the posture of each smoke exhaust outlet, and ensures the accuracy of the discharge direction of each smoke exhaust outlet.

[0058] At this time, the location of each flue gas exhaust outlet is collected, and the current wind direction is determined based on the wind direction detection at the location of each flue gas exhaust outlet: At this time, wind direction sensors are installed near the flue gas exhaust outlet or at representative locations. These sensors can measure the wind direction in real time or periodically and provide accurate data on the current wind direction; the wind direction data should be expressed in degrees (°) or quadrants (such as north, northeast, east, etc.) for subsequent analysis.

[0059] The posture of a flue gas outlet usually refers to the direction of its outlet; the actual emission direction of the flue gas is inferred by combining the location of the flue gas outlet, the current wind direction and the direction of the outlet. This requires considering the influence of geographical features (such as hills, rivers, etc.) on wind direction, as well as the influence of the outlet height on smoke diffusion.

[0060] Specifically, assume a waste incineration power plant with coordinates (X1, Y1) and two flue gas outlets, labeled A and B. The coordinates of flue gas outlet A are (X1+ΔX1, Y1+ΔY1), where ΔX1 and ΔY1 represent the lateral and longitudinal offsets of A relative to the power plant's main location, respectively. The coordinates of flue gas outlet B are (X1+ΔX2, Y1+ΔY2), where ΔX2 and ΔY2 represent the lateral and longitudinal offsets of B relative to the power plant's main location, respectively. A wind direction sensor is installed near the power plant to measure wind direction in real time. Assume the current wind direction is north (i.e., 0° or 360°).

[0061] Assuming that the direction of flue gas discharge outlet A is east (i.e. the discharge outlet faces east), combined with the current wind direction of the north wind, it can be inferred that the flue gas is discharged roughly to the south; assuming that the direction of flue gas discharge outlet B is 30° south-west (i.e. the discharge outlet faces southwest), combined with the current wind direction of the north wind, it can be inferred that the flue gas is mainly discharged to the northwest, but will also be affected by the wind direction and have a certain southward component; through this step, the discharge direction of each flue gas discharge outlet can be determined, providing key information for subsequent risk assessment and pollution control.

[0062] Furthermore, the risk control level, discharge direction and flue gas pollution statistics data corresponding to each flue gas discharge outlet are marked, and the flue gas discharge level of the flue gas discharge outlet is determined based on the risk control level, discharge direction and flue gas pollution statistics data. The flue gas discharge distribution map of the waste incineration power plant is determined according to the locations of multiple flue gas discharge outlets, flue gas discharge levels and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant. This is compatible with the overall consideration of the locations of multiple flue gas discharge outlets, flue gas discharge levels and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the flue gas discharge distribution map of the waste incineration power plant.

[0063] At this point, the corresponding risk control level, discharge direction and flue gas pollutant data are marked on each flue gas outlet: At this point, based on the previous assessment, a risk control level is assigned to each flue gas outlet, such as low, medium, high or emergency, which reflects the potential threat of the outlet to the environment and human health; the discharge direction of each flue gas outlet has been determined through the previous steps, which is based on a comprehensive analysis of its location, wind direction and discharge outlet posture; pollutant data of each flue gas outlet is collected in real time or periodically, including but not limited to the concentrations of harmful substances such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, heavy metals, etc.

[0064] Based on the risk control level (reflecting potential threats), discharge direction (scope of impact) and specific flue gas pollutant data (actual degree of harm), a flue gas discharge grade is assigned to each flue gas discharge outlet. This grade is quantitative (such as numerical score) or qualitative (such as low, medium, and high grades).

[0065] Use a geographic information system (GIS) or similar map-making tool to integrate the location of each flue gas outlet, the flue gas pollution level, and the distribution information of the waste incineration power plant into a map. This map should clearly show the location of each outlet, its corresponding flue gas pollution level, and the flue gas pollution distribution of the entire power plant; the distribution map should include color coding, icons or other visual elements to intuitively indicate the flue gas pollution level and potential risks in different areas.

[0066] Specifically, suppose there is a waste incineration power plant whose location is known, and the plant has three flue gas outlets, marked as A, B and C; outlet A: the risk control level is medium, the discharge direction is 30° south-east, and the flue gas pollutant data include a particulate matter concentration of 50 mg / m³ and a sulfur dioxide concentration of 100 mg / m³; outlet B: the risk control level is high, the discharge direction is due north, and the flue gas pollutant data include a particulate matter concentration of 100 mg / m³, a sulfur dioxide concentration of 200 mg / m³, and a nitrogen oxide concentration of 50 mg / m³; outlet C: the risk control level is low, the discharge direction is 45° west-southwest, and the flue gas pollutant data include a particulate matter concentration of 25 mg / m³ and a sulfur dioxide concentration of 50 mg / m³.

[0067] A flue gas discharge grade is assigned to each sewage outlet based on the risk control level and specific pollutant data; for example, sewage outlet A is assigned to the medium grade due to its medium risk control level and relatively low pollutant concentration; sewage outlet B is assigned to the high grade due to its high risk control level and higher pollutant concentration; sewage outlet C is assigned to the low grade due to its low risk control level and the lowest pollutant concentration.

[0068] Using GIS tools, the location of the waste incineration power plant, the locations of the three sewage outlets, their respective flue gas emission levels, and the geographical environment surrounding the power plant are integrated into a single map. Different colors or icons are used on the distribution map to represent different flue gas emission levels. For example, red areas represent high-risk (high-level) sewage outlets, yellow areas represent medium-risk (medium-level), and green areas represent low-risk (low-level). This distribution map provides an intuitive view of the flue gas emission situation of the waste incineration power plant and the impact of different sewage outlets on the surrounding environment, which helps decision makers identify potential risk areas and formulate corresponding risk management measures.

[0069] Therefore, based on the regional identification of the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, multiple flue gas emission areas are determined, and the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is determined according to the regional area of ​​the multiple flue gas emission areas, the flue gas pollution statistics data and the flue gas emission capacity preset by the waste incineration power plant. It is compatible with the overall consideration of the regional area of ​​the multiple flue gas emission areas, the flue gas pollution statistics data and the flue gas emission capacity preset by the waste incineration power plant, and ensures the accuracy of the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant.

[0070] At this time, use the flue gas emission distribution map to identify and divide different flue gas emission areas according to the concentration, direction and diffusion range of flue gas emissions. These areas are divided based on the concentration of flue gas emissions, potential impact on the surrounding environment or specific geographical characteristics; each flue gas emission area should have clear boundaries and be clearly represented on the map through color coding, icons or other visual elements.

[0071] The risk control level of a waste incineration power plant is determined based on the area of ​​multiple flue gas emission areas, flue gas pollutant statistics and the preset flue gas emission capacity of the waste incineration power plant. At this time, the size of each flue gas emission area is taken into consideration. The larger the area, the wider the impact range and the higher the risk. At the same time, the concentration, type and toxicity of flue gas pollutants in each area, as well as their potential impact on the environment and human health, are analyzed. In addition, the actual emissions are compared with the preset flue gas emission standards or capacities of the power plant. If the actual emissions exceed the preset standards, it indicates that the power plant has deficiencies in controlling flue gas emissions and the risk level should be increased accordingly. A risk level (such as low, medium, or high) is assigned to each flue gas emission area, and the risk control level of the entire power plant is determined based on the risk levels of all areas of the entire power plant.

[0072] Specifically, suppose there is a waste incineration power plant, whose flue gas emission distribution map has been drawn, and three main flue gas emission areas have been identified: Area A, Area B and Area C; Area A: located in the southeast of the power plant, with a larger area and a higher flue gas emission concentration, the main pollutants include particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides; Area B: located in the northwest of the power plant, with a medium area and a moderate flue gas emission concentration, the main pollutants are particulate matter and sulfur dioxide; Area C: located in the southwest of the power plant, with a smaller area and a lower flue gas emission concentration, the main pollutant is particulate matter.

[0073] Area A is the largest and has the widest potential impact range, so its risk level is higher. Area A has the highest concentration of pollutants and contains a variety of toxic and hazardous substances, posing the greatest potential threat to the environment and human health. Assuming that the preset flue gas emission standards for the power plant are particulate matter ≤ 50mg / m³, sulfur dioxide ≤ 200mg / m³, and nitrogen oxides ≤ 100mg / m³, actual monitoring data shows that the particulate matter concentration in Area A is 75mg / m³, the sulfur dioxide concentration is 250mg / m³, and the nitrogen oxide concentration is 120mg / m³, all exceeding the preset standards. Taking the above factors into consideration, the risk level of area A is determined to be high; the risk level of area B is determined to be medium, because although the area is medium, the pollutant concentration does not exceed the preset standard by much; the risk level of area C is determined to be low, because the area is small and the pollutant concentration is low; finally, based on the risk levels of all areas of the entire power plant, the overall risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is determined to be medium to high, because there is a high-risk area A, and other areas also have certain risks, which requires the power plant to strengthen flue gas emission control and reduce pollutant emission concentrations to reduce the impact on the environment and human health.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present application, a flue gas exhaust area matching table is collected, and the flue gas exhaust area matching table is shown in Table 4: Table 4 Flue gas emission area matching table Area Particle concentration (mg / m³) Sulfur dioxide concentration (mg / m³) Nitrogen oxide concentration (mg / m³) Preset sewage discharge capacity matching Risk Level Small ≤50 ≤200 ≤100 conform to Low middle ≤75 ≤250 ≤150 conform to middle big >75 >250 >150 Not compliant high ... ... ... ... ... ... Assume that a waste incineration power plant has three flue gas emission areas: Area A: large area, particulate matter concentration of 80mg / m³, sulfur dioxide concentration of 260mg / m³, nitrogen oxide concentration of 160mg / m³, and the preset emission capacity is not met; Area B: medium area, particulate matter concentration of 60mg / m³, sulfur dioxide concentration of 220mg / m³, nitrogen oxide concentration of 120mg / m³, and the preset emission capacity is met; Area C: small area, particulate matter concentration of 40mg / m³, sulfur dioxide concentration of 180mg / m³, nitrogen oxide concentration of 90mg / m³, and the preset emission capacity is met; According to the matching table, the risk level of Area A is high, the risk level of Area B is medium, and the risk level of Area C is low; Therefore, the risk control level of the entire waste incineration power plant can be comprehensively assessed as medium to high.

[0075] refer to Figure 6 In step S15, the corresponding emergency control measures are triggered according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, so as to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet; In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the specific steps are: S151: Collecting the waste incineration power plant database, determining a preset risk control level threshold based on the traversal of the waste incineration power plant database, and comparing the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant with the preset risk control level threshold; S152: If the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is lower than a preset risk control level threshold, emergency control of the waste incineration power plant is triggered. In the emergency control of the waste incineration power plant, a first control measure is determined based on the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet; S153: Determine the second control measure based on the waste incineration volume of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet, determine the corresponding emergency control measure based on the mapping relationship between the first control measure, the second control measure and the emergency control, perform emergency control on each flue gas discharge outlet of the waste incineration power plant along the emergency control measure, and dynamically control the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, a waste incineration power plant database is collected, and a preset risk control level threshold is determined based on the traversal of the waste incineration power plant database. The risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is compared with the preset risk control level threshold, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the traversal of the waste incineration power plant database and ensures the accuracy of the preset risk control level threshold.

[0077] At this stage, the waste incineration power plant database is collected to obtain key information such as historical operating data, risk management records, and flue gas emission monitoring data. The required data is extracted from the waste incineration power plant database using a database management system (DBMS) or dedicated data collection tools. This data is stored in a relational database, a non-relational database, or a data warehouse. This data should include, but is not limited to, waste incineration volume, flue gas emission concentration, pollutant types, implementation of risk management measures, and historical risk management levels.

[0078] Conduct a comprehensive inspection and analysis of the collected database to identify key risk indicators and trends; set reasonable risk control level thresholds based on historical data. These thresholds are used to distinguish different risk levels such as low risk, medium risk and high risk; at the same time, use statistical analysis, data mining or machine learning and other technical means to determine the thresholds; for example, by calculating the mean, median, standard deviation and other indicators of historical data, combined with expert judgment, set an appropriate threshold range.

[0079] Based on real-time or recent flue gas emission monitoring data, waste incineration volume and other information, the current risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is assessed; the current risk level is compared with the preset threshold to determine whether the current risk level is within an acceptable range; the comparison results indicate that the current risk level is lower (i.e., the risk is higher), equal to or higher than the preset threshold; based on the comparison results, decide whether to trigger emergency control measures.

[0080] Furthermore, if the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is lower than the preset risk control level threshold, the emergency control of the waste incineration power plant is triggered. In the emergency control of the waste incineration power plant, the first control measure is determined based on the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas outlet, which is compatible with the overall consideration of the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas outlet, and ensures the accuracy of the first control measure.

[0081] At this time, the risk control level is lower than the threshold judgment. At this time, when continuously monitoring the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant, if it is found that the current level is lower than the preset risk control level threshold, it means that the power plant is currently in a higher risk state. This judgment is based on the database information collected in the previous steps, the risk control level assessment and the comparison results of the preset threshold.

[0082] Once it is confirmed that the risk control level is lower than the threshold, the emergency control procedure of the waste incineration power plant will be immediately triggered; the emergency control procedure includes a series of predefined emergency response measures and processes, which are designed to quickly reduce risks and prevent the expansion of environmental pollution incidents; at the same time, in the emergency control procedure, the first thing to consider is the overall risk control level of the waste incineration power plant; according to the different risk levels, corresponding first control measures are formulated, which include limiting the amount of waste incineration, adjusting incineration parameters, increasing the operating efficiency of flue gas purification facilities, etc.; at the same time, the risk control level of each flue gas outlet also needs to be considered to determine whether additional control measures are needed for specific outlets.

[0083] Based on the above analysis, specific first-level control measures were formulated and communicated to the relevant departments and operators of the power plant. The operators implemented the measures as required, such as adjusting the feed rate of the incinerator and changing the operating mode of the flue gas purification system. At the same time, the monitoring department continuously monitored the flue gas emission data to ensure the effectiveness of the control measures.

[0084] Specifically, suppose the risk control threshold for a waste incineration power plant is set at the upper limit of "medium risk." During a real-time monitoring session, the plant's risk control level drops to "high risk." Comparing the real-time risk control level with the preset threshold reveals that the current level is below the upper limit of "medium risk," indicating a "high risk" status. This immediately triggers the plant's emergency control procedures, initiating a series of predefined emergency response measures.

[0085] Considering that the power plant is in a "high risk" state as a whole, it is decided to take the following first control measures: Limit the amount of garbage incineration and reduce the feed rate to 80% of the normal level; adjust the incineration parameters, such as lowering the temperature of the incinerator to reduce the generation of harmful substances; increase the operating efficiency of the flue gas purification facilities, such as increasing the cleaning frequency of the bag filter and increasing the dosage of the desulfurization and denitrification system; at the same time, evaluate the risk control level of each flue gas outlet, and find that the sulfur dioxide emission concentration of one of the outlets continues to exceed the standard. It is decided to take additional control measures for the outlet, such as temporarily closing it or increasing the monitoring frequency.

[0086] The above-mentioned first control measure was conveyed to the relevant departments and operators of the power plant; the operators implemented the measures as required, such as adjusting the feed rate and incineration parameters of the incinerator, and increasing the operating efficiency of the flue gas purification facilities; the monitoring department continued to monitor the flue gas emission data and found that the sulfur dioxide emission concentration was gradually decreasing, and the emissions of other pollutants were also effectively controlled. Through this series of emergency control measures, the risk control level of the power plant was successfully reduced from "high risk" to below "medium risk", ensuring environmental safety and the stable operation of the power plant.

[0087] Therefore, the second control measure is determined based on the waste incineration volume of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet, and the corresponding emergency control measure is determined based on the mapping relationship among the first control measure, the second control measure and the emergency control. Emergency control is carried out on each flue gas discharge outlet of the waste incineration power plant along the emergency control measures, and the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet is dynamically controlled. The overall consideration of the first control measure, the second control measure and the emergency control mapping relationship is compatible to ensure the accuracy of the corresponding emergency control measures. At the same time, the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is introduced to ensure the accuracy of the emergency control measures and realize the risk control of the flue gas pollutants of the waste incineration power plant.

[0088] At this time, after the emergency control is initiated, in addition to considering the overall risk level of the waste incineration power plant, special attention should be paid to the waste incineration volume and the specific risk level of each flue gas outlet; the waste incineration volume is one of the important factors affecting flue gas emissions. Excessive waste incineration leads to an increase in the concentration of pollutants in the flue gas; therefore, according to the current waste incineration volume, the incineration strategy needs to be adjusted, such as reducing the incineration volume or optimizing the incineration process; for each flue gas outlet, according to its risk level (such as high risk, medium risk, low risk), formulate targeted second control measures; high-risk outlets require stricter monitoring and more frequent maintenance, while low-risk outlets only need to maintain routine monitoring.

[0089] After formulating the first and second control measures, the final emergency control measures need to be determined in combination with the emergency control mapping relationship (that is, the correspondence between the preset control measures and the specific risk level); the emergency control mapping relationship is a complex decision tree or rule set, which comprehensively judges the emergency control measures to be taken based on the overall risk level of the power plant, the risk level of each sewage outlet, the amount of waste incineration and other relevant factors; through the mapping relationship, it is ensured that the most appropriate combination of control measures is taken in different risk scenarios to achieve the best emergency response effect.

[0090] According to the determined emergency control measures, specific emergency control operations are carried out on each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant, including adjusting the emission parameters of the outlet, increasing or reducing the operation of purification facilities, temporarily closing high-risk outlets, etc.; the implementation of emergency control measures needs to be quick and accurate to ensure that the risk of environmental pollution is reduced in the shortest possible time.

[0091] During and after the implementation of emergency control measures, the emission data of each flue gas outlet is continuously monitored; based on the monitoring results, the risk control level of each outlet is dynamically adjusted; if the emission data of a certain outlet improves significantly, its risk level will be reduced accordingly; conversely, if the emission data continues to deteriorate, the risk level will need to be increased and stricter control measures will need to be taken; dynamic control helps ensure the effectiveness and adaptability of emergency control measures, and can flexibly adjust control strategies according to actual conditions.

[0092] Specifically, suppose that after a waste incineration power plant initiates emergency control, it is found that its overall risk level is high risk, the waste incineration volume exceeds the normal load, and there are two flue gas discharge outlets (discharge outlet A and discharge outlet B) with risk levels of high risk and medium risk respectively.

[0093] The second control measure was determined: in response to the situation where the amount of garbage incineration exceeded the normal load, it was decided to reduce the amount of garbage incineration to 80% of the normal load, and optimize the incineration process to reduce pollutant generation; for the high-risk sewage outlet A, it was decided to temporarily close it and conduct in-depth maintenance; for the medium-risk sewage outlet B, the operation frequency of the purification facilities was increased and monitoring was strengthened.

[0094] Combining the first control measure (such as limiting the amount of waste incineration and adjusting incineration parameters), the second control measure (such as closing high-risk sewage outlets and increasing the operation of purification facilities), and the emergency control mapping relationship, a final combination of emergency control measures was formulated. These measures include: immediately reducing the amount of waste incineration to 80% of the normal load; adjusting incineration parameters to reduce pollutant generation; temporarily closing the high-risk sewage outlet A and conducting in-depth maintenance; increasing the operation frequency of purification facilities at the medium-risk sewage outlet B; and strengthening real-time monitoring of flue gas emissions throughout the plant.

[0095] Operators will promptly implement the formulated combination of emergency control measures, such as adjusting the feed rate and incineration parameters of the incinerator, closing the high-risk sewage outlet A, and increasing the operation of purification facilities at the medium-risk sewage outlet B; the monitoring department will continuously monitor the flue gas emission data to ensure the effectiveness of the emergency control measures; at the same time, after the emergency control measures are implemented, the emission data of each flue gas sewage outlet will be continuously monitored; if it is found that the emission data of sewage outlet A has significantly improved after being closed and undergoing in-depth maintenance, its risk level will be reduced from high risk to medium risk or low risk; if it is found that the emission data of sewage outlet B is still unstable or exceeds the standard, its risk level will need to be increased and stricter control measures will be taken; by dynamically controlling the risk level, the flexibility and adaptability of the emergency control measures can be ensured, and the control strategy can be adjusted in time according to actual conditions.

[0096] In one embodiment of the present application, a control measure matching table is collected, and the control measure matching table is shown in Table 4: Table 5 Control measures matching table Risk control level Waste incineration volume (relative value) Flue gas outlet status The first control measure Second control measure High risk >120% Excessive emissions Reduce incineration to 100% Close excessive sewage outlets and strengthen monitoring Medium risk 100%-120% Normal discharge Adjust incineration parameters Optimizing the operation of purification facilities Medium risk 100%-120% Slightly exceeded the standard Maintain incineration volume and strengthen monitoring Increase the amount of purification agent added Low risk <100% Normal discharge Maintain the status quo Routine maintenance checks Low risk <100% Slightly exceeded the standard Slightly reduce incineration Minor adjustments to purification facility parameters When the risk control level of a waste incineration power plant is high risk, and the waste incineration volume exceeds 120% of the normal value, and there are flue gas outlets with excessive emissions, according to the matching table, the first control measure to be taken is to reduce the incineration volume to 100%, and the second control measure is to close the excessive emissions outlets and strengthen monitoring; if the risk control level is medium risk, the waste incineration volume is between normal and 120%, and the flue gas outlets are discharging normally, then it is only necessary to adjust the incineration parameters as the first control measure, and optimize the operation of the purification facilities as the second control measure.

[0097] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7: is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a flue gas pollution risk management system of a waste incineration power plant in an embodiment of the present invention; the flue gas pollution risk management system of the waste incineration power plant includes: The detection module 21 is used to determine multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data based on the detection of each flue gas discharge outlet of the waste incineration power plant; The waste incineration module 22 is used to determine the corresponding waste incineration events in the waste incineration power plant based on the tracing of each flue gas discharge outlet, and determine the corresponding waste batch and the corresponding flue gas purification process table according to the detection of the waste incineration events; The first risk control level module 23 is used to determine abnormal purification nodes based on the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollution data, and determine the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the abnormal purification nodes and the composition of harmful substances in the flue gas pollution data; A second risk control level module 24 is configured to determine a flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction, and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determine the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map; The emergency control module 25 is used to trigger corresponding emergency control measures according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, so as to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet.

[0098] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant, characterized in that: include: Determine multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data based on the detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant; Based on the tracing of each flue gas outlet, the corresponding waste incineration event in the waste incineration power plant is determined, and the corresponding waste batch and corresponding flue gas purification process table are determined according to the detection of the waste incineration event; Determine abnormal purification nodes based on the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollutant data, and determine the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the abnormal purification nodes and the composition of harmful substances in the flue gas pollutant data; Determine the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determine the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map; According to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, corresponding emergency control measures are triggered to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet.

2. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data determined based on the detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant include: Collect the names of the waste incineration power plants, determine the distribution map of the waste incineration power plants based on the names of the waste incineration power plants and the town database, and determine the locations of each flue gas discharge outlet based on the identification of the distribution map of the waste incineration power plants; Based on the location of each flue gas discharge outlet, a flue gas pollutant detection of each flue gas discharge outlet is triggered, and during the flue gas pollutant detection of each flue gas discharge outlet, previous pollutants of the flue gas discharge outlet are collected; A set of flue gas pollutant data is determined based on the previous flue gas pollutants and the flue gas pollutants just discharged from the flue gas exhaust outlet, and each flue gas exhaust outlet is matched with a set of flue gas pollutant data.

3. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the corresponding waste incineration events in the waste incineration power plant based on the tracing of each flue gas discharge outlet, and determining the corresponding waste batches and the corresponding flue gas purification process table according to the detection of the waste incineration events, includes: Trace each flue gas outlet, determine the corresponding discharge time based on the traceability of each flue gas outlet, and determine the corresponding waste incineration event based on the discharge time of the flue gas outlet and the incineration schedule of the waste incineration power plant; In each waste incineration event, the corresponding waste batch is determined based on the tracing of the waste incineration event, and the corresponding waste incineration space is determined based on the analysis of the waste batch; The emission path of flue gas pollutants is determined according to the waste incineration space and the corresponding flue gas discharge outlet. The corresponding flue gas purification path is determined according to the emission path of flue gas pollutants and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant. The corresponding flue gas purification process table is determined based on the flue gas purification path and the waste incineration event. Each flue gas discharge outlet is matched with a flue gas purification process table.

4. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The abnormal purification node is determined based on the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollution data, and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet is determined based on the abnormal purification node and the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, including: Collecting a flue gas purification path corresponding to the flue gas purification process table, determining a plurality of flue gas purification projects based on the division of the flue gas purification process table, and marking the plurality of flue gas purification projects in the flue gas purification nodes of the flue gas purification path; Collect the flue gas pollutant data corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet, determine multiple flue gas pollutants based on the division of the flue gas pollutant data, and mark the relative proportions of the multiple flue gas pollutants; determine the abnormal purification nodes according to the relative proportions of the multiple flue gas pollutants, multiple flue gas purification projects and waste incineration events.

5. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method of determining abnormal purification nodes according to the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollutant statistics data, and determining the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet according to the abnormal purification nodes and the components of harmful substances in the flue gas pollutant statistics data, further includes: Mark the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node. At the same time, collect the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data. Based on the composition of harmful objects in the flue gas pollution data, the purification function corresponding to the abnormal purification node and the purification functions corresponding to the remaining purification nodes, determine the risk control level of the flue gas exhaust outlet.

6. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining a flue gas emission distribution map of a waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction, and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determining the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map, includes: The position of each flue gas exhaust outlet is collected, the current wind direction is determined based on the wind direction detection at the position of each flue gas exhaust outlet, and the discharge direction of each flue gas exhaust outlet is determined according to the position of each flue gas exhaust outlet, the current wind direction and the posture of each flue gas exhaust outlet.

7. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of determining a flue gas emission distribution map of a waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction, and multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determining the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map, further includes: Mark the corresponding risk control level, discharge direction and flue gas pollutant statistics data at each flue gas discharge outlet, determine the flue gas discharge level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the risk control level, discharge direction and flue gas pollutant statistics data, and determine the flue gas discharge distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the locations of multiple flue gas discharge outlets, flue gas discharge levels and the distribution map of the waste incineration power plant; Based on the regional identification of the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant, multiple flue gas emission areas are determined, and the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is determined according to the regional area, flue gas pollution statistics data and the preset flue gas emission capacity of the waste incineration power plant.

8. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corresponding emergency control measures are triggered according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet, including: The waste incineration power plant database is collected, and a preset risk control level threshold is determined based on the traversal of the waste incineration power plant database, and the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is compared with the preset risk control level threshold.

9. The risk control method for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of triggering corresponding emergency control measures according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet also includes: If the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant is lower than the preset risk control level threshold, the emergency control of the waste incineration power plant is triggered. In the emergency control of the waste incineration power plant, the first control measure is determined based on the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet; The second control measure is determined based on the waste incineration volume of the waste incineration power plant and the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet. The corresponding emergency control measure is determined based on the mapping relationship among the first control measure, the second control measure and the emergency control. Emergency control is carried out on each flue gas discharge outlet of the waste incineration power plant along the emergency control measures, and the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet is dynamically controlled.

10. A risk management system for flue gas pollutants in a waste incineration power plant, characterized in that: The risk control system for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant is applied to the risk control method for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9. The risk control system for flue gas pollutants of a waste incineration power plant comprises: A detection module, used to determine multiple sets of flue gas pollutant statistics data based on detection of each flue gas outlet of the waste incineration power plant; The waste incineration module is used to identify the corresponding waste incineration events in the waste incineration power plant based on the tracing of each flue gas outlet, and to determine the corresponding waste batch and the corresponding flue gas purification process table based on the detection of the waste incineration events; The first risk control level module is used to determine abnormal purification nodes based on the flue gas purification process table and the corresponding flue gas pollution data, and determine the risk control level of the flue gas discharge outlet based on the abnormal purification nodes and the composition of harmful substances in the flue gas pollution data; The second risk control level module is used to determine the flue gas emission distribution map of the waste incineration power plant based on the risk control level, emission direction and multiple sets of flue gas pollution statistics of each flue gas emission outlet, and determine the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant based on the flue gas emission distribution map; The emergency management and control module is used to trigger corresponding emergency management and control measures according to the risk control level of the waste incineration power plant and the amount of waste incineration, so as to dynamically adjust the risk control level corresponding to the flue gas discharge outlet.

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