Lightning protection dry-type transformer and power-off heat dissipation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightning protection dry-type transformer and a power-off heat dissipation method, and belongs to the technical field of transformers. The lightning protection dry type transformer comprises a transformer body, a heat dissipation door is hinged to one side of the transformer body, a lightning triggering mechanism, a linkage transmission mechanism and a power-off mechanism are fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body, the lightning triggering mechanism is in transmission connection with the power-off mechanism and the heat dissipation door through the linkage transmission mechanism, and the power-off mechanism is electrically connected with a main circuit in the transformer body. The linkage transmission mechanism is driven by lightning energy, the linkage transmission mechanism is used for driving an electric knife switch and a heat dissipation door of the power-off mechanism to act at the same time, and through cooperative arrangement of the lightning triggering mechanism, the linkage transmission mechanism and the power-off mechanism, the lightning triggering mechanism captures the lightning energy to drive the linkage transmission mechanism; the linkage transmission mechanism can drive the heat dissipation door to be opened while driving the power-off mechanism to cut off the main circuit, and the problem that an existing external protection device cannot rapidly export heat in the transformer while cutting off the circuit is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a lightning protection dry-type transformer and a power-off heat dissipation method. Background Art

[0002] Dry-type transformers use electromagnetic induction to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another. Due to their advantages such as fire and explosion resistance, maintenance-free, environmental protection and energy saving, dry-type transformers are widely used in urban distribution networks, high-rise buildings, data centers and other scenarios with high safety requirements.

[0003] In areas with severe thunderstorms or multi-pulse overvoltage environments, transformer windings and insulation components are susceptible to damage from lightning strikes. Existing lightning protection designs mainly rely on external protection devices such as lightning arresters and discharge gaps to limit the overvoltage amplitude by discharging lightning current, thereby limiting the overvoltage amplitude to within the insulation tolerance range.

[0004] However, the existing external protection device can only achieve the discharge of electrical energy, and cannot solve the problem of local temperature rise inside the transformer after the introduction of lightning arc energy. It cannot quickly dissipate internal heat while cutting off the circuit, resulting in the accumulation of arc waste heat and causing local overheating. Long-term operation may lead to insulation material aging, winding short circuit and other faults. Especially in enclosed dry-type transformers, the insufficient heat dissipation efficiency further exacerbates the safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem in the above-mentioned background technology that the external protection device added to the existing transformer cannot quickly dissipate internal heat while cutting off the circuit, and long-term operation may cause insulation material aging, winding short circuit and other faults, the present invention provides a lightning protection dry-type transformer and a power-off heat dissipation method.

[0006] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a lightning protection dry-type transformer, comprising a transformer main body, a heat dissipation door hinged on one side of the transformer main body, a lightning attracting mechanism, a linkage transmission mechanism and a power-off mechanism fixedly installed on the top of the transformer main body, the lightning attracting mechanism being transmission-connected to the power-off mechanism and the heat dissipation door through the linkage transmission mechanism, the power-off mechanism being electrically connected to the main circuit in the transformer main body, the linkage transmission mechanism being driven by lightning energy, the linkage transmission mechanism being used to simultaneously drive the electric knife of the power-off mechanism and the heat dissipation door to move, and through the coordinated arrangement of the lightning attracting mechanism, the linkage transmission mechanism and the power-off mechanism, when lightning strikes, the lightning attracting mechanism captures lightning energy to drive the linkage transmission mechanism, so that the linkage transmission mechanism can drive the heat dissipation door to open while driving the power-off mechanism to cut off the main circuit, thereby solving the problem that the existing external protection device cannot quickly dissipate the internal heat of the transformer while cutting off the circuit, avoiding local overheating caused by accumulation of residual heat from the arc, reducing the probability of faults such as aging of the insulation material and winding short circuit, and effectively reducing the safety hazards caused by insufficient heat dissipation efficiency of the enclosed dry-type transformer.

[0007] Preferably, the linkage transmission mechanism includes a reaction chamber, in which a piston is slidingly provided, and the piston divides the internal space of the reaction chamber into a storage chamber and a stroke chamber. The storage chamber stores an electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent, and a discharge terminal is fixedly installed in the storage chamber, and the discharge terminal is connected to the lightning induction mechanism. A push rod is fixedly connected to the side of the piston away from the storage chamber, and the push rod slides horizontally through the end of the reaction chamber. The push rod is used to simultaneously drive the electric switch and the heat dissipation door of the power-off mechanism. The electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent undergoes an electrically excited replacement reaction under the action of lightning energy to generate gas, which pushes the piston and the push rod to move, and converts the lightning energy into mechanical power, providing driving force for the action of the power-off mechanism and the heat dissipation door, thereby realizing the action of the protection device driven by the energy of lightning itself, without the need for additional energy input, energy saving, environmental protection and rapid response.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the protruding end of the push rod is fixedly connected to a push rack, which is located on one side of the power-off mechanism. The push rack is movably connected to the electric knife switch. The movable connection between the push rack and the electric knife switch enables the push rod to stably and reliably push the electric knife switch to move, ensuring that when lightning occurs, the power-off mechanism can promptly and accurately cut off the main circuit of the transformer body, quickly block the current, effectively protect the internal circuits and components of the transformer, and improve the stability and reliability of the power-off action.

[0009] Preferably, the side wall of the protruding end of the top rod is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is arranged horizontally, and the top of the transformer body is rotatably provided with a rotating rod and a transmission rod, the rotating rod is arranged vertically, and the transmission rod is arranged horizontally. The rotating rod cooperates with the connecting rod through a linear motion conversion assembly, and the rotating rod is connected to the transmission rod through a bevel gear set. The upper end of the heat dissipation door is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft, and the transmission rod is connected to the rotating shaft through the transmission assembly. Through the transmission structure of the connecting rod, linear motion conversion assembly, rotating rod, bevel gear set, transmission rod and transmission assembly, the linear motion of the top rod is efficiently and accurately converted into a rotating opening action of the heat dissipation door, realizing the linkage of power off and heat dissipation action, ensuring that the heat dissipation door is opened in time for heat dissipation when the circuit is cut off, effectively solving the problem of internal heat dissipation, and improving the overall protection performance of the transformer when responding to lightning strikes.

[0010] Preferably, the linear motion conversion assembly includes a rack and a gear, the rack is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod, the rack is parallel to the top rod, the gear is fixedly mounted on the rod body of the rotating rod, the gear and the rack are meshed, and the meshing transmission structure of the rack and the gear is simple and reliable, which can accurately convert the linear motion of the connecting rod into the rotational motion of the rotating rod, providing stable and precise power transmission for subsequent transmission, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the opening action of the heat dissipation door, and thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the heat dissipation of the transformer.

[0011] Preferably, the bevel gear set includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the rod body of the rotating rod, and the second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the transmission rod. The first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear. The bevel gear set can realize power transmission in different directions, converting the vertical rotational power of the rotating rod into the lateral rotational power of the transmission rod, so that the power transmission direction is adapted to the movement direction of the heat dissipation door shaft, optimizing the transmission path, improving the efficiency and stability of power transmission, and ensuring that the heat dissipation door can be opened smoothly for heat dissipation.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first transmission unit, a transmission belt and a second transmission unit. The first transmission unit is fixedly mounted on the transmission rod, and the second transmission unit is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. The first transmission unit and the second transmission unit are connected by a transmission belt. The transmission assembly adopts a transmission belt connection method, which has the characteristics of smooth transmission and low noise, ensures the reliability of power transmission between the transmission rod and the rotating shaft, enables the heat dissipation door to be reliably opened during lightning strikes, and effectively enhances the heat dissipation capacity of the transformer.

[0013] Preferably, the lightning attracting mechanism includes a lightning rod and a double-helix electrode. The lightning rod is vertically fixed on the top of the transformer body. The lightning rod is connected to the double-helix electrode through a wire, and the double-helix electrode is connected to the input end of the discharge terminal. The lightning rod can preferentially capture lightning energy and guide the lightning to the double-helix electrode, cooperate with the discharge terminal to form an arc discharge, trigger the electro-stimulated aluminum-silver gas generating agent reaction, and provide an initial energy source for the subsequent linkage transmission mechanism. This ensures that when lightning occurs, the entire protection device can respond quickly, effectively avoiding lightning directly acting on the transformer body, and improving the lightning protection performance of the transformer.

[0014] Preferably, the electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent includes nano-aluminum powder, silver nitrate micropowder and flake graphite conductive agent, the mass fraction of nano-aluminum powder is 40-45 parts, the mass fraction of silver nitrate micropowder is 50-55 parts, and the mass fraction of flake graphite conductive agent is 3-7 parts. It can quickly and stably undergo a replacement reaction to generate a mixed gas of N2 and NO under the electrical excitation of arc discharge, providing sufficient and reliable driving force for the piston and subsequent transmission mechanism, ensuring that the linkage transmission mechanism can act quickly at the moment of lightning strike, realizing power-off and heat dissipation functions, and improving the response speed and reliability of the entire protection device.

[0015] The present invention provides a power-off heat dissipation method, comprising: When the transformer encounters an overvoltage, the lightning rod on the top of the transformer body preferentially captures the lightning energy and cooperates with the discharge terminal to form an arc discharge. The electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generator in the storage cavity quickly generates a mixed gas of N2 and NO through an electrically excited replacement reaction. The gas in the storage chamber pushes the piston to slide toward the stroke chamber, and the push rack at the end of the push rod pushes the electric knife to cut off the main circuit of the transformer body; During the outward movement of the push rod, the linear motion of the push rod is converted into the rotational motion of the rotating rod through the linear motion conversion assembly. The rotating rod transmits power to the transmission rod through the bevel gear set. The transmission rod drives the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis through the transmission assembly. The rotating shaft drives the heat dissipation door to rotate and open. By utilizing lightning energy, the power-off and heat dissipation actions are automatically and linkedly executed without manual intervention and additional energy consumption. The circuit can be quickly cut off at the moment of lightning strike to prevent the current from continuing to damage the transformer. At the same time, the heat dissipation door is opened in time to discharge internal heat, which effectively solves the problems of local temperature rise and insufficient heat dissipation in the existing technology, reduces the risk of transformer failure, improves the safety and stability of transformer operation, and meets the requirements of the smart grid for long-term and reliable operation of equipment.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the present invention are: Through the coordinated setting of the lightning induction mechanism, the linkage transmission mechanism and the power-off mechanism, when lightning strikes, the lightning induction mechanism captures the lightning energy and drives the linkage transmission mechanism, so that the linkage transmission mechanism can drive the power-off mechanism to cut off the main circuit while also driving the heat dissipation door to open. This solves the problem that the existing external protection device cannot quickly dissipate the internal heat of the transformer while cutting off the circuit, avoids local overheating caused by the accumulation of arc waste heat, reduces the probability of faults such as aging of insulation materials and winding short circuit, and effectively reduces the safety hazards caused by insufficient heat dissipation efficiency of enclosed dry-type transformers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lightning protection dry-type transformer according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a lightning protection dry-type transformer with a heat dissipation door open according to one or more embodiments of the present invention (protective cover not shown); Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the lightning induction mechanism and the linkage transmission mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the linkage transmission mechanism and the power-off mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local enlarged structure at position B of the structure shown; Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a local enlarged structure at position A of the structure shown; The components represented by the reference numerals in the figure are: 1. Transformer body; 2. Inspection door; 3. Heat dissipation door; 4. Lightning induction mechanism; 5. Linkage transmission mechanism; 6. Power-off mechanism; 7. Lightning rod; 8. Conductor; 9. Double spiral electrode; 10. Discharge terminal; 11. Reaction chamber; 12. Storage chamber; 13. Stroke chamber; 14. Piston; 15. Ejector rod; 16. Push rack; 17. Mounting rack; 18. Electric knife; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Linear motion conversion assembly; 201. Rack; 202. Gear; 21. Rotating rod; 22. Bevel gear set; 221. First bevel gear; 222. Second bevel gear; 23. Transmission rod; 24. Shaft frame; 25. Transmission assembly; 251. First transmission unit; 252. Transmission belt; 253. Second transmission unit; 26. Bracket; 27. Tensioner; 28. Rotating shaft; 29. ​​Shaft seat; 30. Protective cover; 31. Handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0020] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1-6 As shown, a lightning protection dry-type transformer is proposed, including: a transformer body 1, a heat dissipation door 3, a lightning attracting mechanism 4, a linkage transmission mechanism 5 and a power-off mechanism 6. The heat dissipation door 3 is hinged on one side of the transformer body 1, and the lightning attracting mechanism 4, the linkage transmission mechanism 5 and the power-off mechanism 6 are fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body 1. The lightning attracting mechanism 4 is connected to the power-off mechanism 6 and the heat dissipation door 3 through the linkage transmission mechanism 5. Therefore, when the transformer encounters an overvoltage, the lightning attracting mechanism 4 on the top can preferentially capture lightning energy, and then use the lightning energy to drive the linkage transmission mechanism 5, finally opening the heat dissipation door 3 through the linkage transmission mechanism 5, and at the same time driving the power-off mechanism 6 to cut off the main circuit in the transformer body 1.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an inspection door 2 is installed on the front side of the transformer main body 1, and a heat dissipation door 3 is installed on the rear side of the transformer main body 1. The upper end of the heat dissipation door 3 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 28, and the rotating shaft 28 is arranged horizontally. The heat dissipation door 3 is rotatably connected to the rear side wall of the transformer main body 1 through the rotating shaft 28, and the rotating shaft 28 at the upper end of the heat dissipation door 3 is connected to the linkage transmission mechanism 5. The linkage transmission mechanism 5 can drive the rotating shaft 28 to rotate around the axis, so that the heat dissipation door 3 can be flipped around the axis under the drive of the linkage transmission mechanism 5 to open the heat dissipation door 3, so that a convection channel is formed inside the transformer main body 1, thereby suppressing the temperature rise caused by arc preheating.

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, the lightning induction mechanism 4 includes a lightning rod 7, a wire 8 and a double helix electrode 9. The lightning rod 7 is vertically fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body 1 and is mainly used to capture lightning energy. A base is fixedly provided at the bottom of the lightning rod 7, and the base is fixedly connected to the top of the transformer body 1 by bolts. The lightning rod 7 is connected to the double helix electrode 9 through the wire 8. The outside of the wire 8 is covered with an insulating layer. The double helix electrode 9 consists of two mutually parallel and spiral conductors. Specifically, the two spiral conductors are coaxial in space and maintain a certain distance, extending in a double helix form around the central axis.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the linkage transmission mechanism 5 includes a discharge terminal 10, a reaction chamber 11, a piston 14, a push rod 15, a push frame 16, a connecting rod 19, a linear motion conversion assembly 20, a rotating rod 21, a bevel gear set 22, a transmission rod 23 and a transmission assembly 25, wherein the reaction chamber 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body 1, the reaction chamber 11 is a rectangular shell structure, the interior of the reaction chamber 11 is hollow, the piston 14 is slidably arranged in the reaction chamber 11, and the piston 14 divides the internal space of the reaction chamber 11 into a storage chamber 12 and a stroke chamber 13. The storage chamber 12 and the stroke chamber 13 are relatively distributed on both sides of the piston 14. Specifically, the storage chamber 12 is located on the side of the piston 14 close to the lightning induction mechanism 4, and the stroke chamber 13 is located on the side of the piston 14 close to the power-off mechanism. On one side of 6, the storage cavity 12 stores an electrically excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent, and the discharge terminal 10 is fixedly installed in the storage chamber 12 of the reaction chamber 11, and the input end of the discharge terminal 10 is connected to the double spiral electrode 9. The electrode gap of the discharge terminal 10 is 3-7mm, and the thickness of the surface silver plating layer is 0.05-0.15mm. When an overvoltage of 80-150kV acts on the double spiral electrode 9, the discharge terminal 10 acts on the gas generating agent to generate a mixed gas through an electrically excited replacement reaction. Specifically, the lightning rod 7 can transfer the lightning energy to the discharge terminal 10 through the wire 8 and the double spiral electrode 9, so as to discharge through the discharge terminal 10 to act on the electrically excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent, generate a mixed gas through an electrically excited replacement reaction, and then drive the piston 14 to slide.

[0024] In this embodiment, the electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent includes 50-100nm nano-aluminum powder, 1-5μm silver nitrate powder and 5-10μm flake graphite conductive agent, the mass fraction of nano-aluminum powder is 40-45 parts, the mass fraction of silver nitrate powder is 50-55 parts, and the mass fraction of flake graphite conductive agent is 3-7 parts. The electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent is filled in the storage cavity 12. The electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent generates a mixed gas of nitrogen and nitric oxide through an electrically excited displacement reaction, and the gas production rate is ≥200mL / ms. The solid-state electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent does not need to be replaced periodically, and the silver-plated discharge terminal can withstand ≥100 arc shocks.

[0025] The push rod 15 is arranged horizontally, and one end of the push rod 15 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston 14 away from the storage chamber 12. The other end of the push rod 15 passes through the end of the reaction chamber 11 and extends outward. The push rod 15 is slidably connected to the end wall of the reaction chamber 11, and the end of the extended end of the push rod 15 is fixedly connected to the push rack 16, so that when the push rod 15 slides outward horizontally, it can drive the push rack 16 to move horizontally. The push rack 16 is located on one side of the power-off mechanism 6, and the push rack 16 can drive the power-off mechanism 6 to operate by sliding horizontally to cut off the circuit.

[0026] The side wall of the protruding end of the top rod 15 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 19. The connecting rod 19 is located outside the reaction chamber 11, and the connecting rod 19 is also arranged horizontally. The axis of the connecting rod 19 is perpendicular to the axis of the top rod 15. The top rod 15 can drive the connecting rod 19 to move horizontally. The rotating rod 21 is vertically rotated and arranged on the top of the transformer main body 1. The rotating rod 21 cooperates with the connecting rod 19 through a linear motion conversion assembly 20. The linear motion conversion assembly 20 can convert the linear motion of the connecting rod 19 into an axial rotation of the rotating rod 21. The rotating rod 21 is connected to the transmission rod 23 through a bevel gear set 22. The rotating rod 21 can drive the transmission rod 23 to rotate around the axis through the bevel gear set 22. The transmission rod 23 is arranged horizontally and rotatably on the top of the transformer main body 1, and the transmission rod 23 is parallel to the rotating shaft 28. The transmission rod 23 is located above the rotating shaft 28. The transmission rod 23 is connected to the rotating shaft 28 through the transmission assembly 25, thereby driving the rotating shaft 28 to move around the axis to realize the driving of the heat dissipation door 3.

[0027] Specific as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the linear motion conversion assembly 20 includes a rack 201 and a gear 202. The rack 201 is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod 19. The rack 201 is parallel to the push rod 15. The rack 201 can move synchronously and in the same direction as the push rod 15 under the drive of the connecting rod 19. The gear 202 is fixedly mounted on the rod body of the rotating rod 21, and the gear 202 is engaged with the rack 201. Then, under the cooperation of the gear 202 and the rack 201, the linear movement of the push rod 15 and the connecting rod 19 can be converted into the rotation of the rotating rod 21.

[0028] The bevel gear set 22 includes a first bevel gear 221 and a second bevel gear 222. The first bevel gear 221 is fixedly mounted on the rod body of the rotating rod 21. The first bevel gear 221 is coaxially arranged with the gear 202. The second bevel gear 222 is fixedly mounted on the end of the transmission rod 23 close to the rotating rod 21. The first bevel gear 221 is meshed with the second bevel gear 222, and can drive the transmission rod 23 to rotate synchronously. A shaft bracket 24 is fixedly mounted on the top of the transformer body 1, and the transmission rod 23 is rotatably mounted on the shaft bracket 24.

[0029] The transmission assembly 25 includes a first transmission unit 251, a transmission belt 252 and a second transmission unit 253. The first transmission unit 251 is fixedly mounted on the end of the transmission rod 23 away from the rotating rod 21. The second transmission unit 253 is fixedly mounted on the shaft body of the rotating shaft 28. A shaft seat 29 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the transformer body 1. The rotating shaft 28 is rotatably mounted on the shaft seat 29. The first transmission unit 251 and the second transmission unit 253 are connected by a transmission belt 252 to achieve synchronous rotation of the rotating shaft 28 and the transmission rod 23.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first transmission unit 251 and the second transmission unit 253 are pulley structures, and the transmission belt 252 is a transmission belt structure; in other embodiments, the first transmission unit 251 and the second transmission unit 253 can also be sprocket structures, and the corresponding transmission belt 252 is a transmission chain belt structure. The specific selection can be made according to actual needs, and no excessive restrictions are imposed here.

[0031] A tensioning wheel 27 is also installed on the top of the transformer body 1. Figure 6 As shown, a bracket 26 is fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body 1, and a tensioning wheel 27 is rotatably set on the bracket 26. The tensioning wheel 27 rolls against the transmission belt 252. The position of the tensioning wheel 27 can be adjusted to adjust the tension of the transmission belt 252 to avoid slipping, tooth jumping and other phenomena, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of synchronous transmission.

[0032] The power-off mechanism 6 includes a mounting frame 17, a knife switch 18 and a protective cover 30, wherein the mounting frame 17 is fixedly mounted on the top of the transformer body 1, the knife switch 18 is rotatably set on the mounting frame 17, and a knife holder that cooperates with the knife switch 18 is installed on the mounting frame 17. The knife switch 18 is used to control the on and off of the main circuit inside the transformer body 1. The protective cover 30 is an insulating structure. The mounting frame 17 and its knife holder and the knife switch 18 are all installed inside the protective cover 30 and can operate stably in an environment of -40℃~+70℃.

[0033] like Figure 4As shown, the push frame 16 is a U-shaped structure, and a handle 31 is fixedly mounted on the electric knife 18. The handle 31 is movably mounted in the push frame 16, so that the electric knife 18 can be pushed to separate from the knife holder through the push frame 16. In this embodiment, the handle 31 is directly placed in the push frame 16.

[0034] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a power-off heat dissipation method is proposed, which uses the lightning protection dry-type transformer mentioned in Example 1. The power-off heat dissipation method specifically includes: When the transformer encounters an 80-150kV overvoltage, the lightning rod 7 on the top of the transformer body 1 preferentially captures the lightning energy and transmits it to the double-helix electrode 9 via the conductor 8. The double-helix structure increases the electrode surface area, and the 0.05-0.15mm silver coating on the surface of the discharge terminal 10 reduces the contact resistance. An arc discharge is formed between the 3-7mm electrode gap, triggering the reaction of the electrically stimulated aluminum-silver gas generator in the storage chamber 12. Through the electrically stimulated displacement reaction, a mixed gas of N2 and NO is rapidly generated, with a gas production rate of ≥200mL / ms, providing a power source for subsequent mechanical actions. Specifically, the high-pressure gas in the storage chamber 12 pushes the piston 14 to slide toward the stroke chamber 13. The coaxially connected push rod 15 moves outward synchronously with the piston 14. The push frame 16 at the end of the push rod 15 acts on the electric knife 18, causing the electric knife 18 to rotate rapidly along the hinge fulcrum of the mounting frame 17, thereby separating from the knife holder, thereby cutting off the main circuit of the transformer body 1. The power-off mechanism 6 is directly driven by the linear motion of the piston 14. The response time matches the gas production rate, ensuring that the circuit is isolated before the lightning energy penetrates the transformer winding, effectively avoiding insulation breakdown. During the outward movement of the top rod 15, the rack 201 is also driven to perform linear motion through the laterally arranged connecting rod 19. The meshing gear 202 converts the linear motion into rotational motion. The first bevel gear 221 on the rotating rod 21 is meshed with the second bevel gear 222 on the transmission rod 23, and the power is transmitted to the horizontally arranged transmission rod 23. The transmission rod 23 drives the rotating shaft 28 to rotate around the axis through the cooperation of the first transmission unit 251, the transmission belt 252, and the second transmission unit 253. The rotating shaft 28 drives the heat dissipation door 3 to rotate around the shaft seat 29 and open. After the heat dissipation door 3 is opened, a convection channel is formed inside the transformer body 1 to suppress the temperature rise caused by the residual heat of the arc.

[0035] This embodiment uses the dual protection of "electrically stimulated gas production for rapid power off + synchronous heat dissipation" to cut off the circuit isolation overvoltage in a short time and reduce the internal temperature by 30%-50% within 30 seconds, avoiding the defect of traditional lightning arresters that only discharge current but do not reduce temperature. It can effectively prevent the risk of fire caused by winding insulation breakdown and internal temperature rise. The mechanical transmission efficiency is ≥85%, and the opening time of heat dissipation door 3 is ≤200ms. It can adapt to harsh outdoor scenarios such as severe thunderstorms and high humidity, ensuring the long-term and reliable operation of power equipment.

[0036] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A lightning protection dry-type transformer, comprising: a transformer body (1), characterized in that: A heat dissipation door (3) is hingedly connected to one side of the transformer body (1), and a lightning induction mechanism (4), a linkage transmission mechanism (5) and a power-off mechanism (6) are fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body (1). The lightning induction mechanism (4) is connected to the power-off mechanism (6) and the heat dissipation door (3) through the linkage transmission mechanism (5). The power-off mechanism (6) is electrically connected to the main circuit in the transformer body (1). The linkage transmission mechanism (5) is driven by lightning energy and is used to simultaneously drive the electric switch (18) of the power-off mechanism (6) and the heat dissipation door (3) to operate.

2. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage transmission mechanism (5) includes a reaction chamber (11), a piston (14) is provided in the reaction chamber (11) for sliding, and the piston (14) divides the internal space of the reaction chamber (11) into a storage chamber (12) and a stroke chamber (13). The storage chamber (12) stores an electro-excited aluminum silver gas generating agent, and a discharge terminal (10) is fixedly installed in the storage chamber, and the discharge terminal (10) is connected to the lightning induction mechanism (4). A push rod (15) is fixedly connected to the side of the piston (14) away from the storage chamber (12), and the push rod (15) slides horizontally and penetrates the end of the reaction chamber (11). The push rod (15) is used to simultaneously drive the electric switch (18) and the heat dissipation door (3) of the power-off mechanism (6) to operate.

3. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the protruding end of the push rod (15) is fixedly connected to a push frame (16), the push frame (16) is located on one side of the power-off mechanism (6), and the push frame (16) is movably connected to the electric knife (18).

4. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the protruding end of the top rod (15) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (19), and the connecting rod (19) is arranged horizontally. The top of the transformer body (1) is rotatably provided with a rotating rod (21) and a transmission rod (23), the rotating rod (21) is arranged vertically, and the transmission rod (23) is arranged horizontally. The rotating rod (21) is connected to the connecting rod (19) through a linear motion conversion component (20), and the rotating rod (21) is connected to the transmission rod (23) through a bevel gear set (22). A rotating shaft (28) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the heat dissipation door (3), and the transmission rod (23) is connected to the rotating shaft (28) through a transmission component (25).

5. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linear motion conversion assembly (20) includes a rack (201) and a gear (202), wherein the rack (201) is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod (19), the rack (201) is parallel to the top rod (15), and the gear (202) is fixedly mounted on the rod body of the rotating rod (21), and the gear (202) is meshed with the rack (201).

6. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bevel gear set (22) comprises a first bevel gear (221) and a second bevel gear (222), wherein the first bevel gear (221) is fixedly mounted on the shaft of the rotating rod (21), and the second bevel gear (222) is fixedly mounted on the transmission rod (23), and the first bevel gear (221) and the second bevel gear (222) are meshed with each other.

7. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (25) comprises a first transmission unit (251), a transmission belt (252) and a second transmission unit (253). The first transmission unit (251) is fixedly mounted on the transmission rod (23), the second transmission unit (253) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (28), and the first transmission unit (251) and the second transmission unit (253) are connected via the transmission belt (252).

8. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lightning induction mechanism (4) includes a lightning rod (7) and a double helix electrode (9). The lightning rod (7) is vertically fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body (1). The lightning rod (7) is connected to the double helix electrode (9) through a wire (8). The double helix electrode (9) is connected to the input end of the discharge terminal (10).

9. The lightning protection dry-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent includes nano-aluminum powder, silver nitrate powder and flake graphite conductive agent, the mass proportion of nano-aluminum powder is 40-45 parts, the mass proportion of silver nitrate powder is 50-55 parts, and the mass proportion of flake graphite conductive agent is 3-7 parts.

10. A power-off heat dissipation method, characterized in that: A lightning protection dry-type transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising: When the transformer encounters an overvoltage, the lightning rod (7) on the top of the transformer body (1) preferentially captures the lightning energy and forms an arc discharge in cooperation with the discharge terminal (10). The electro-excited aluminum-silver gas generating agent in the storage cavity (12) quickly generates a mixed gas of N2 and NO through an electro-excited replacement reaction. The gas in the storage chamber (12) pushes the piston (14) to slide toward the stroke chamber (13), and the pusher (16) at the end of the push rod (15) pushes the electric knife (18) to cut off the main circuit of the transformer body (1); During the outward movement of the push rod (15), the linear motion of the push rod (15) is converted into the rotational motion of the rotating rod (21) through the linear motion conversion assembly (20). The rotating rod (21) transmits power to the transmission rod (23) through the bevel gear set (22). The transmission rod (23) drives the rotating shaft (28) to rotate around the axis through the transmission assembly (25). The rotating shaft (28) drives the heat dissipation door (3) to rotate and open.

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