Multi-source cooperative switching and interlocking control method and system based on EMS and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an EMS-based multi-source cooperative switching and interlocking control method and system and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, monitoring the state of a power grid in real time, and achieving the quick switching operation through an STS if the power grid is abnormal; then, photovoltaic power supply is started preferentially, when photovoltaic power supply is not available, phase difference is detected in real time through a DZZB-A module, the rotating speed is dynamically adjusted based on the phase difference so as to meet dynamic grid-connected control of an oil engine (diesel generator), and impact-free grid connection is achieved; finally, based on the power supply power and the load power, a PCS charging and discharging mode is intelligently switched, and the stability of the power supply system is improved; meanwhile, through a double-path auxiliary power redundancy mechanism, a working power supply of the STS cabinet is ensured, and a power loss blind area of a control circuit is eliminated; in addition, through safety interlocking logic, automatic breaking of the power grid and the oil engine is achieved, and the problem of short circuit caused by parallel connection of power sources is prevented. The power supply system reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of static switchgear, and more specifically, to an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method, system, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Energy management systems (EMS) are primarily used for real-time monitoring, optimized scheduling, and safety assurance of power systems. Static switchgear (STS) is primarily used to enable rapid switching between two independent power sources, ensuring power supply continuity for electrical equipment with stringent requirements.

[0003] In high-reliability power supply scenarios like data centers and communication base stations, STS is the core equipment for seamless switching between multiple power sources. While traditional STS cabinets can provide millisecond-level switching between power grids, they remain insufficient in scenarios where multiple distributed energy sources are connected, including photovoltaic power generation and diesel generators. Traditional STS cabinets utilize a single auxiliary power supply design. When the grid loses power, the circuits controlling the STS are paralyzed, interrupting the switching logic. Traditional diesel generators often rely on manual operation or simple synchronization devices for grid connection. Closing surge currents can reach 2-3 times the rated value, causing unit vibration and contact erosion. The photovoltaic, diesel, and power grids lack safety interlocks, posing the risk of parallel short circuits.

[0004] Especially with the popularization of photovoltaic energy storage systems, energy storage batteries are connected to STS cabinets as another energy source through inverters (PCS). However, the following problems also exist: the traditional mechanical interlocking system (ATS) has a long switching time and cannot meet the uninterrupted load requirements of data centers, base station communications, and other loads; traditional STS cabinets cannot adapt to photovoltaic fluctuations and the dynamic characteristics of diesel engines, and the use of extensive grid connection shortens the life of the generator set.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an STS cabinet with multi-source input to achieve control technology for intelligent switching and safety interlocking. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method, system and storage medium based on EMS, combined with dual-channel auxiliary power redundancy design, dynamic phase synchronization logic, multi-level interlocking mechanism, etc., while ensuring the power supply switching time, it realizes the impact-free grid connection of oil engines, photovoltaic priority scheduling and fault self-detection functions, and provides a fully automatic energy hub solution for high-reliability power supply scenarios.

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS, the method comprising: Obtaining a power grid state, and determining whether the power grid state is normal; If yes, closing the first switch; If not, disconnect the first switch to trigger the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism; Obtaining a photovoltaic state, and determining whether the photovoltaic state is in an available state; If yes, closing the third switch; If not, the phase difference information is obtained by detecting with the DZZB-A module; Dynamically adjust the engine speed until the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold, and then close the fourth switch; Determining whether the power grid state has returned to normal; If yes, open the third switch or the fourth switch and close the first switch; If not, obtain the power supply information and load power information; Switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the supply power information and the load power information; Records switch event logs.

[0008] In this solution, the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism specifically includes: Acquire first auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS input end, and second auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS output end; Determining whether the first auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the first auxiliary power; If not, determining whether the second auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the second auxiliary power; If not, start the UPS power supply to provide auxiliary power.

[0009] In this solution, the phase difference information is detected by the DZZB-A module, specifically: Based on a preset phase angle sampling period, obtain the first phase angle information of the output voltage of the oil engine module and the second phase angle information of the STS bus; Calculating the difference between the first phase angle information and the second phase angle in the same period to obtain phase difference information; Determining whether the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times; If yes, then execute the closing logic of the fourth switch; If not, the engine speed is adjusted according to the preset dynamic adjustment logic.

[0010] In this solution, the closing logic of executing the fourth switch is specifically as follows: Get the oil engine voltage information output by the oil engine module; If the frequency of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply frequency range, and the frequency amplitude of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply voltage amplitude range, monitoring the zero-crossing moment of the oil engine voltage information; Generate a closing command at a first time preset before the zero-crossing moment; According to the closing instruction, the fourth switch is driven to close.

[0011] In this solution, after the closing logic of the fourth switch is executed, an interlocking mechanism is also included, specifically: After generating the closing command, obtaining the closing state of the fourth switch; If the fourth switch is in a closed state, an opening command is sent to the first switch; Obtaining the closing state of the first switch according to the preset opening action delay; If the first switch is in the closed state, the emergency stop mechanism is triggered and the STS output terminal is forcibly disconnected.

[0012] In this solution, switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the power supply information and the load power information are specifically as follows: Calculating the difference between the power supply information and the load power information to obtain power difference information; If the power difference information is greater than zero, closing the second switch and charging the energy storage battery in a constant current mode according to the power difference information; If the power difference information is less than zero, the second switch is closed, and the energy is discharged through the energy storage battery in a constant power mode according to the power difference information.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention provides an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system, including an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the following steps: Obtaining a power grid state, and determining whether the power grid state is normal; If yes, closing the first switch; If not, disconnect the first switch to trigger the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism; Obtaining a photovoltaic state, and determining whether the photovoltaic state is in an available state; If yes, closing the third switch; If not, the phase difference information is obtained by detecting with the DZZB-A module; Dynamically adjust the engine speed until the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold, and then close the fourth switch; Determining whether the power grid state has returned to normal; If yes, open the third switch or the fourth switch and close the first switch; If not, obtain the power supply information and load power information; Switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the supply power information and the load power information; Records switch event logs.

[0014] In this solution, the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism specifically includes: Acquire first auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS input end, and second auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS output end; Determining whether the first auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the first auxiliary power; If not, determining whether the second auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the second auxiliary power; If not, start the UPS power supply to provide auxiliary power.

[0015] In this solution, the phase difference information is detected by the DZZB-A module, specifically: Based on a preset phase angle sampling period, obtain the first phase angle information of the output voltage of the oil engine module and the second phase angle information of the STS bus; Calculating the difference between the first phase angle information and the second phase angle in the same period to obtain phase difference information; Determining whether the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times; If yes, then execute the closing logic of the fourth switch; If not, the engine speed is adjusted according to the preset dynamic adjustment logic.

[0016] The third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method program based on EMS. When the multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method program based on EMS is executed by a processor, the steps of the multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method based on EMS as described in any one of the above items are implemented.

[0017] The present invention provides an EMS-based multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method, system and storage medium. First, the power grid status is monitored in real time. If there is an abnormality in the power grid, a fast switching operation is implemented through the STS. Then, photovoltaic power supply is enabled first. When photovoltaic power is unavailable, the phase difference is detected in real time through the DZZB-A module. The speed is dynamically adjusted based on the phase difference to meet the dynamic grid-connected control of the oil engine (diesel generator) and achieve impact-free grid connection. Finally, based on the power supply power and load power, the PCS charging and discharging mode is intelligently switched to improve the stability of the power supply system. At the same time, a dual-channel auxiliary power redundancy mechanism is used to ensure the working power supply of the STS cabinet and eliminate the blind spot of power loss in the control circuit. In addition, a safety interlocking logic is used to automatically disconnect the power grid and the oil engine to prevent short-circuit problems caused by parallel power supply, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope.

[0019] Figure 1 Shows a connection topology diagram of a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control circuit based on EMS; Figure 2 A flowchart of a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 The following is a flowchart showing an operation of a dual-auxiliary power supply mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A flow chart of phase difference information detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A block diagram of an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined in this manner in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the embodiments of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Similarly, words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The steps before or after the method of the embodiment of the present invention do not necessarily have to be performed in exact order. On the contrary, the various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more steps may be removed from these processes.

[0023] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist independently, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

[0024] Figure 1 A connection topology diagram of a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control circuit based on EMS is shown.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control circuit based on EMS includes an STS 102, a PCS 103, a first switch 104, a second switch 105, a third switch 106, a fourth switch 107 and a DZZB-A module 108: The first switch controls the grid to access the STS input terminal; The second switch controls the PCS AC end to connect to the STS output end; The third switch controls the photovoltaic module to connect to the STS output terminal; The fourth switch controls the oil engine module to connect to the STS output terminal according to the phase detection of the DZZB-A module; The STS output end is connected to a load; The DC end of the PCS is connected to the energy storage battery.

[0026] Figure 2 The flowchart of the EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method of the present invention is shown.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention discloses a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS, the method comprising: S202, obtaining a grid status, and determining whether the grid status is normal; S204, if yes, close the first switch; If not, then disconnect the first switch to trigger the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism. S208, obtaining a photovoltaic state, and determining whether the photovoltaic state is in an available state; S210, if yes, close the third switch; S212, if not, obtain phase difference information through detection by the DZZB-A module; S214, dynamically adjusting the engine speed until the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold, and then closing the fourth switch; S216, determining whether the power grid state has returned to normal; S218, if yes, open the third switch or the fourth switch and close the first switch; S220, if not, obtaining the supply power information and the load power information; S222: Switch the second switch and adjust the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the supply power information and the load power information; S224: Record the switching event log.

[0028] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a core process for multi-source coordinated switching. In this embodiment, the STS monitors the grid voltage status in real time; the grid status includes the grid voltage and grid frequency. If the grid voltage or grid frequency exceeds the limit for a predetermined duration, the grid status is determined to be abnormal. For example, taking a standard 220V 50Hz grid as an example, the normal range of grid voltage is [198V, 242V], and the normal range of grid frequency is [49.5Hz, 50.5Hz]. If the grid is normal, the first switch is closed, and power is supplied to the load via the STS cabinet. If the grid is abnormal, the first switch is opened, and the dual-path auxiliary power mechanism is triggered to ensure continuous power supply to the control circuit. After the first switch is opened, the photovoltaic (PV) status is determined based on the PV irradiance. When the PV irradiance meets the PV power generation requirements, the PV system is in a normal state; when the PV irradiance does not meet the PV power generation requirements, the PV system is in an abnormal state. If the PV system is normal, the third switch is closed, and power is supplied to the load via the PV system, achieving PV grid connection. If the photovoltaic system is in an abnormal state, the load is powered by the diesel generator, and the diesel generator is connected to the grid. Before the diesel generator is connected to the grid, the phase difference between the diesel generator voltage and the STS bus voltage is detected in real time through the DZZB-A module. After the phase difference reaches the grid connection requirement by dynamically adjusting the diesel generator speed, the fourth switch is closed. After the photovoltaic system or diesel generator is connected to the grid, the grid recovery status is continuously monitored. If the grid returns to normal, the photovoltaic system or diesel generator is disconnected, the first switch is closed, and power is supplied to the load through the grid. If the grid is still in an abnormal state, charging and discharging are achieved through the PCS based on the deviation between the photovoltaic or diesel generator power supply information and the load power information. Finally, all switch action timestamps and energy parameters are recorded for predictive maintenance. This embodiment achieves rapid switching between the grid and photovoltaic and diesel generators, improving the reliability of the power supply system.

[0029] Figure 3 The diagram shows an operation flow chart of a dual-auxiliary power supply mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the dual auxiliary source power supply mechanism specifically includes: S302, obtaining first auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the input end of the STS, and second auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the output end of the STS; S304, determining whether the first auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; S306, if yes, select the first auxiliary power; S308, if not, determining whether the second auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; S310, if yes, select the second auxiliary power; S312: If not, start the UPS power supply to provide auxiliary power.

[0031] It should be noted that this embodiment includes dual auxiliary power supply paths. The primary auxiliary power source is a 24V DC auxiliary power source obtained from the STS input (i.e., the grid incoming line) via one AC / DC converter. The backup auxiliary power source is a 24V DC auxiliary power source obtained from the STS output (i.e., the load side) via another AC / DC converter. In one embodiment, the auxiliary power threshold is 20V. If the auxiliary power source voltage is below 20V, it indicates an auxiliary power failure. When the voltage of either the primary or auxiliary power source is greater than 20V, the primary power source takes precedence. If the primary or auxiliary power source fails due to a grid outage, AC / DC module failure, or other reasons, the backup power source is activated. When the backup power source voltage exceeds 20V, power is switched to the backup power source. If both the primary and backup power sources fail, the built-in UPS is activated to provide backup voltage for a preset duration. In one embodiment, the UPS can provide at least 30 minutes of auxiliary power. Furthermore, the auxiliary power source status is monitored every 100ms. When the duration of the auxiliary power source remaining active reaches a preset threshold, the auxiliary power source is connected and the UPS is disconnected. This embodiment provides triple power supply protection through dual auxiliary power redundancy design, including main auxiliary power, backup auxiliary power and UPS, to ensure that the EMS can still execute the switching logic when the power grid is cut off.

[0032] Figure 4 A flow chart of phase difference information detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the phase difference information is detected by the DZZB-A module, specifically: S402, based on a preset phase angle sampling period, obtaining first phase angle information of the output voltage of the oil engine module and second phase angle information of the STS bus; S404, calculating the difference between the first phase angle information and the second phase angle in the same period to obtain phase difference information; S406, determining whether the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times; S408, if yes, execute the closing logic of the fourth switch; If not, then adjust the engine speed according to the preset dynamic adjustment logic.

[0034] It should be noted that as one implementation, the phase angle of the diesel generator output voltage (first phase angle information) and the phase angle of the voltage on the STS AC bus (second phase angle information) are collected in real time, with a phase angle collection period of 10ms. The difference between the first and second phase angles is calculated to obtain phase difference information. If the phase difference information is below a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times, it indicates that the diesel generator output voltage has reached stable grid connection conditions, and the closing logic of the fourth switch is executed to achieve grid connection. If the grid connection conditions are not met, the diesel generator speed is adjusted based on a preset PID control algorithm.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the closing logic of executing the fourth switch is specifically: Get the oil engine voltage information output by the oil engine module; If the frequency of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply frequency range, and the frequency amplitude of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply voltage amplitude range, monitoring the zero-crossing moment of the oil engine voltage information; Generate a closing command at a first time preset before the zero-crossing moment; According to the closing instruction, the fourth switch is driven to close.

[0036] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a fourth switch closing logic when the oil engine is connected to the grid. First, the amplitude and frequency of the oil engine output voltage are detected to see if they meet the power supply requirements. As an implementation method, when the amplitude of the oil engine output voltage is within the normal range of [198V, 242V], and the frequency of the oil engine output voltage is within the normal range of [49.5Hz, 50.5Hz], it indicates that the oil engine output voltage can perform grid-connected operation. At this time, the zero point moment of the oil engine output voltage in each voltage cycle is obtained through zero point detection. As an implementation method, 5ms before the zero point moment, a closing instruction for the fourth switch is generated and sent to drive the fourth switch to close. By avoiding the closing moment and the zero point moment, closing inrush current is avoided, arc burns are reduced, and the service life of the switch is increased.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after executing the closing logic of the fourth switch, an interlocking mechanism is further included, specifically: After generating the closing command, obtaining the closing state of the fourth switch; If the fourth switch is in a closed state, an opening command is sent to the first switch; Obtaining the closing state of the first switch according to the preset opening action delay; If the first switch is in the closed state, the emergency stop mechanism is triggered and the STS output terminal is forcibly disconnected.

[0038] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an interlocking mechanism after the oil generator is connected to the grid. After generating and sending the closing instruction of the fourth switch, the closing state of the fourth switch is detected in real time. When the fourth switch is in the closed state, an opening instruction is sent to the first switch to drive the first switch to open. After the set delay time for the opening action of the first switch, if the first switch is still in the closed state, it means that there is an abnormal opening problem of the first switch, such as abnormal opening caused by aging of the switch. If it is determined that the opening is abnormal, the emergency stop mechanism is triggered, and the output end is forcibly disconnected through the STS to avoid the grid from being connected to the load and to prevent the grid from being connected in parallel with the oil generator.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the power supply information and the load power information is specifically: Calculating the difference between the power supply information and the load power information to obtain power difference information; If the power difference information is greater than zero, closing the second switch and charging the energy storage battery in a constant current mode according to the power difference information; If the power difference information is less than zero, the second switch is closed, and the energy is discharged through the energy storage battery in a constant power mode according to the power difference information.

[0040] It should be noted that this embodiment provides charge and discharge control logic for an inverter. In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic or diesel generator is in a grid-connected state, due to the dynamic changes in the supply power and load power, this embodiment controls the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery through the inverter (PCS): When the supply power is higher than the load power, indicating that the photovoltaic or diesel generator power generation is high, the remaining power is supplemented to the energy storage battery in a preset constant current mode; when the supply power is lower than the load power, indicating that the photovoltaic or diesel generator power generation is insufficient, the energy storage battery is released according to the preset constant power mode to supplement the power gap required by the load. This embodiment uses the PCS and energy storage battery as energy intermediaries to store excess power generation energy and supplement insufficient demand energy.

[0041] It is worth mentioning that before closing the first switch, a safety check is also included, specifically: Obtaining a closing state of the fourth switch; If the fourth switch is in the closed state, an opening command is sent to the fourth switch. Determining whether the fourth switch is opened successfully; If so, then close the first switch again according to the preset closing operation delay; If not, the first switch closing circuit is locked and a fault alarm is issued.

[0042] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an interlocking mechanism before grid connection. The closing state of the fourth switch is detected in real time. If the fourth switch is in the closed state, an opening command is sent to the fourth switch to drive the fourth switch to open. If the fourth switch is successfully opened, the first switch is driven to close after waiting for the preset closing operation delay to ensure that the oil generator is completely shut down. If the fourth switch fails to open, the closing circuit of the first switch is locked and an audible and visual alarm is triggered. The alarm signal triggers an operation and maintenance response, thereby improving repair efficiency.

[0043] It is worth mentioning that it also includes a predictive maintenance mechanism for multi-energy coordinated switching based on logs, including: Extract the opening and closing timestamp sequence of the first switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch in the log; Based on the timestamp sequence, the time intervals between adjacent opening and closing operations of the same switch are calculated, and the exceeding time events are marked according to the preset time exceeding range. When the cumulative number of over-limit events for the same switch reaches a preset number within a preset over-limit period, a mechanical life warning signal for the switch is generated.

[0044] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a predictive maintenance mechanism. In this embodiment, the opening and closing timestamps of the first switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are extracted based on the log file to form a corresponding timestamp sequence. Based on the timestamp sequence of each switch, the time interval between adjacent opening and closing operations is calculated. When the time interval is lower than the set minimum opening and closing time interval threshold, it is marked as an over-limit event, indicating that the switch switching is too frequent and there is an abnormality. If within the preset over-limit period, for example, more than 5 over-limit events are detected per week, it indicates that the switch is abnormal, and a mechanical life warning signal is generated, thereby improving the response efficiency of maintenance.

[0045] It is worth mentioning that it also includes log-based diagnosis logic for multi-energy coordinated switching failures, including: When recording the switching event log, the PCS status code, PCS charge and discharge waveform, and diesel engine speed curve are collected and recorded simultaneously to obtain multi-source log data; aligning the multi-source log data according to timestamps; When a switch switching failure event is currently detected, multi-source log data within a preset log time is extracted according to the timestamp to obtain first multi-source log data; Marking abnormal points based on the first multi-source log data, wherein the abnormal points include a diesel generator grid connection delay greater than a preset diesel generator grid connection time threshold or a photovoltaic power mutation exceeding a preset photovoltaic power mutation percentage; Inputting the first multi-source log data and the marked anomaly points into a pre-trained LSTM neural network model to obtain a probability distribution of the fault root cause; Based on the probability distribution of the fault root cause, the diagnosis results are appended to the end of the log file.

[0046] It should be noted that this embodiment provides fault diagnosis logic based on a neural network model. It combines PCS status codes, PCS charge and discharge waveforms, diesel engine speed curves, and switch switching logs as multi-source log data. When a switch switching failure occurs, as an implementation, the multi-source log data for the 30 seconds preceding the failure is extracted as the first multi-source log data. This first multi-source log data is marked according to preset anomaly marking rules. For example, when diesel engine speed regulation fails, the diesel engine grid connection time will exceed the preset grid connection time threshold; when cloud cover or a photovoltaic panel string failure occurs, the photovoltaic power surge will exceed the set percentage threshold. The first multi-source log data and anomalies are input into a pre-trained LSTM neural network model to obtain a probability distribution of the fault root cause. The top three fault root causes are selected in descending order of probability and appended to the end of the log file. The neural network model is then trained online based on user feedback.

[0047] Figure 5 A block diagram of an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system of the present invention is shown.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention discloses an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system 5, comprising a memory 51 and a processor 52, wherein the memory includes an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method program, and when the EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method program is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented: Obtaining a power grid state, and determining whether the power grid state is normal; If yes, closing the first switch; If not, disconnect the first switch to trigger the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism; Obtaining a photovoltaic state, and determining whether the photovoltaic state is in an available state; If yes, closing the third switch; If not, the phase difference information is obtained by detecting with the DZZB-A module; Dynamically adjust the engine speed until the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold, and then close the fourth switch; Determining whether the power grid state has returned to normal; If yes, open the third switch or the fourth switch and close the first switch; If not, obtain the power supply information and load power information; Switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the supply power information and the load power information; Records switch event logs.

[0049] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a core process for multi-source coordinated switching. In this embodiment, the STS monitors the grid voltage status in real time; the grid status includes the grid voltage and grid frequency. If the grid voltage or grid frequency exceeds the limit for a predetermined duration, the grid status is determined to be abnormal. For example, taking a standard 220V 50Hz grid as an example, the normal range of grid voltage is [198V, 242V], and the normal range of grid frequency is [49.5Hz, 50.5Hz]. If the grid is normal, the first switch is closed, and power is supplied to the load via the STS cabinet. If the grid is abnormal, the first switch is opened, and the dual-path auxiliary power mechanism is triggered to ensure continuous power supply to the control circuit. After the first switch is opened, the photovoltaic (PV) status is determined based on the PV irradiance. When the PV irradiance meets the PV power generation requirements, the PV system is in a normal state; when the PV irradiance does not meet the PV power generation requirements, the PV system is in an abnormal state. If the PV system is normal, the third switch is closed, and power is supplied to the load via the PV system, achieving PV grid connection. If the photovoltaic system is in an abnormal state, the load is powered by the diesel generator, and the diesel generator is connected to the grid. Before the diesel generator is connected to the grid, the phase difference between the diesel generator voltage and the STS bus voltage is detected in real time through the DZZB-A module. After the phase difference reaches the grid connection requirement by dynamically adjusting the diesel generator speed, the fourth switch is closed. After the photovoltaic system or diesel generator is connected to the grid, the grid recovery status is continuously monitored. If the grid returns to normal, the photovoltaic system or diesel generator is disconnected, the first switch is closed, and power is supplied to the load through the grid. If the grid is still in an abnormal state, charging and discharging are achieved through the PCS based on the deviation between the photovoltaic or diesel generator power supply information and the load power information. Finally, all switch action timestamps and energy parameters are recorded for predictive maintenance. This embodiment achieves rapid switching between the grid and photovoltaic and diesel generators, improving the reliability of the power supply system.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dual auxiliary source power supply mechanism specifically includes: Acquire first auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS input end, and second auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS output end; Determining whether the first auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the first auxiliary power; If not, determining whether the second auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the second auxiliary power; If not, start the UPS power supply to provide auxiliary power.

[0051] It should be noted that this embodiment includes dual auxiliary power supply paths. The primary auxiliary power source is a 24V DC auxiliary power source obtained from the STS input (i.e., the grid incoming line) via one AC / DC converter. The backup auxiliary power source is a 24V DC auxiliary power source obtained from the STS output (i.e., the load side) via another AC / DC converter. In one embodiment, the auxiliary power threshold is 20V. If the auxiliary power source voltage is below 20V, it indicates an auxiliary power failure. When the voltage of either the primary or auxiliary power source is greater than 20V, the primary power source takes precedence. If the primary or auxiliary power source fails due to a grid outage, AC / DC module failure, or other reasons, the backup power source is activated. When the backup power source voltage exceeds 20V, power is switched to the backup power source. If both the primary and backup power sources fail, the built-in UPS is activated to provide backup voltage for a preset duration. In one embodiment, the UPS can provide at least 30 minutes of auxiliary power. Furthermore, the auxiliary power source status is monitored every 100ms. When the duration of the auxiliary power source remaining active reaches a preset threshold, the auxiliary power source is connected and the UPS is disconnected. This embodiment provides triple power supply protection through dual auxiliary power redundancy design, including main auxiliary power, backup auxiliary power and UPS, to ensure that the EMS can still execute the switching logic when the power grid is cut off.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detecting of the phase difference information by the DZZB-A module is specifically as follows: Based on a preset phase angle sampling period, obtain the first phase angle information of the output voltage of the oil engine module and the second phase angle information of the STS bus; Calculating the difference between the first phase angle information and the second phase angle in the same period to obtain phase difference information; Determining whether the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times; If yes, then execute the closing logic of the fourth switch; If not, the engine speed is adjusted according to the preset dynamic adjustment logic.

[0053] It should be noted that as one implementation, the phase angle of the diesel generator output voltage (first phase angle information) and the phase angle of the voltage on the STS AC bus (second phase angle information) are collected in real time, with a phase angle collection period of 10ms. The difference between the first and second phase angles is calculated to obtain phase difference information. If the phase difference information is below a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times, it indicates that the diesel generator output voltage has reached stable grid connection conditions, and the closing logic of the fourth switch is executed to achieve grid connection. If the grid connection conditions are not met, the diesel generator speed is adjusted based on a preset PID control algorithm.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the closing logic of executing the fourth switch is specifically: Get the oil engine voltage information output by the oil engine module; If the frequency of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply frequency range, and the frequency amplitude of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply voltage amplitude range, monitoring the zero-crossing moment of the oil engine voltage information; Generate a closing command at a first time preset before the zero-crossing moment; According to the closing instruction, the fourth switch is driven to close.

[0055] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a fourth switch closing logic when the oil engine is connected to the grid. First, the amplitude and frequency of the oil engine output voltage are detected to see if they meet the power supply requirements. As an implementation method, when the amplitude of the oil engine output voltage is within the normal range of [198V, 242V], and the frequency of the oil engine output voltage is within the normal range of [49.5Hz, 50.5Hz], it indicates that the oil engine output voltage can perform grid-connected operation. At this time, the zero point moment of the oil engine output voltage in each voltage cycle is obtained through zero point detection. As an implementation method, 5ms before the zero point moment, a closing instruction for the fourth switch is generated and sent to drive the fourth switch to close. By avoiding the closing moment and the zero point moment, closing inrush current is avoided, arc burns are reduced, and the service life of the switch is increased.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after executing the closing logic of the fourth switch, an interlocking mechanism is further included, specifically: After generating the closing command, obtaining the closing state of the fourth switch; If the fourth switch is in a closed state, an opening command is sent to the first switch; Obtaining the closing state of the first switch according to the preset opening action delay; If the first switch is in the closed state, the emergency stop mechanism is triggered and the STS output terminal is forcibly disconnected.

[0057] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an interlocking mechanism after the oil generator is connected to the grid. After generating and sending the closing instruction of the fourth switch, the closing state of the fourth switch is detected in real time. When the fourth switch is in the closed state, an opening instruction is sent to the first switch to drive the first switch to open. After the set delay time for the opening action of the first switch, if the first switch is still in the closed state, it means that there is an abnormal opening problem of the first switch, such as abnormal opening caused by aging of the switch. If it is determined that the opening is abnormal, the emergency stop mechanism is triggered, and the output end is forcibly disconnected through the STS to avoid the grid from being connected to the load and to prevent the grid from being connected in parallel with the oil generator.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the power supply information and the load power information is specifically: Calculating the difference between the power supply information and the load power information to obtain power difference information; If the power difference information is greater than zero, closing the second switch and charging the energy storage battery in a constant current mode according to the power difference information; If the power difference information is less than zero, the second switch is closed, and the energy is discharged through the energy storage battery in a constant power mode according to the power difference information.

[0059] It should be noted that this embodiment provides charge and discharge control logic for an inverter. In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic or diesel generator is in a grid-connected state, due to the dynamic changes in the supply power and load power, this embodiment controls the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery through the inverter (PCS): When the supply power is higher than the load power, indicating that the photovoltaic or diesel generator power generation is high, the remaining power is supplemented to the energy storage battery in a preset constant current mode; when the supply power is lower than the load power, indicating that the photovoltaic or diesel generator power generation is insufficient, the energy storage battery is released according to the preset constant power mode to supplement the power gap required by the load. This embodiment uses the PCS and energy storage battery as energy intermediaries to store excess power generation energy and supplement insufficient demand energy.

[0060] It is worth mentioning that before closing the first switch, a safety check is also included, specifically: Obtaining a closing state of the fourth switch; If the fourth switch is in the closed state, an opening command is sent to the fourth switch. Determining whether the fourth switch is opened successfully; If so, then close the first switch again according to the preset closing operation delay; If not, the first switch closing circuit is locked and a fault alarm is issued.

[0061] It should be noted that this embodiment provides an interlocking mechanism before grid connection. The closing state of the fourth switch is detected in real time. If the fourth switch is in the closed state, an opening command is sent to the fourth switch to drive the fourth switch to open. If the fourth switch is successfully opened, the first switch is driven to close after waiting for the preset closing operation delay to ensure that the oil generator is completely shut down. If the fourth switch fails to open, the closing circuit of the first switch is locked and an audible and visual alarm is triggered. The alarm signal triggers an operation and maintenance response, thereby improving repair efficiency.

[0062] It is worth mentioning that it also includes a predictive maintenance mechanism for multi-energy coordinated switching based on logs, including: Extract the opening and closing timestamp sequence of the first switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch in the log; Based on the timestamp sequence, the time intervals between adjacent opening and closing operations of the same switch are calculated, and the exceeding time events are marked according to the preset time exceeding range. When the cumulative number of over-limit events for the same switch reaches a preset number within a preset over-limit period, a mechanical life warning signal for the switch is generated.

[0063] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a predictive maintenance mechanism. In this embodiment, the opening and closing timestamps of the first switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are extracted based on the log file to form a corresponding timestamp sequence. Based on the timestamp sequence of each switch, the time interval between adjacent opening and closing operations is calculated. When the time interval is lower than the set minimum opening and closing time interval threshold, it is marked as an over-limit event, indicating that the switch switching is too frequent and there is an abnormality. If within the preset over-limit period, for example, more than 5 over-limit events are detected per week, it indicates that the switch is abnormal, and a mechanical life warning signal is generated, thereby improving the response efficiency of maintenance.

[0064] It is worth mentioning that it also includes log-based diagnosis logic for multi-energy coordinated switching failures, including: When recording the switching event log, the PCS status code, PCS charge and discharge waveform, and diesel engine speed curve are collected and recorded simultaneously to obtain multi-source log data; aligning the multi-source log data according to timestamps; When a switch switching failure event is currently detected, multi-source log data within a preset log time is extracted according to the timestamp to obtain first multi-source log data; Marking abnormal points based on the first multi-source log data, wherein the abnormal points include a diesel generator grid connection delay greater than a preset diesel generator grid connection time threshold or a photovoltaic power mutation exceeding a preset photovoltaic power mutation percentage; Inputting the first multi-source log data and the marked anomaly points into a pre-trained LSTM neural network model to obtain a probability distribution of the fault root cause; Based on the probability distribution of the fault root cause, the diagnosis results are appended to the end of the log file.

[0065] It should be noted that this embodiment provides fault diagnosis logic based on a neural network model. It combines PCS status codes, PCS charge and discharge waveforms, diesel engine speed curves, and switch switching logs as multi-source log data. When a switch switching failure occurs, as an implementation, the multi-source log data for the 30 seconds preceding the failure is extracted as the first multi-source log data. This first multi-source log data is marked according to preset anomaly marking rules. For example, when diesel engine speed regulation fails, the diesel engine grid connection time will exceed the preset grid connection time threshold; when cloud cover or a photovoltaic panel string failure occurs, the photovoltaic power surge will exceed the set percentage threshold. The first multi-source log data and anomalies are input into a pre-trained LSTM neural network model to obtain a probability distribution of the fault root cause. The top three fault root causes are selected in descending order of probability and appended to the end of the log file. The neural network model is then trained online based on user feedback.

[0066] The third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method program based on EMS. When the multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method program based on EMS is executed by a processor, the steps of the multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method based on EMS as described in any one of the above items are implemented.

[0067] In summary, the present invention provides a multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method, system and storage medium based on EMS. First, the power grid status is monitored in real time. If there is an abnormality in the power grid, a fast switching operation is implemented through STS; then, photovoltaic power supply is enabled first. When photovoltaic power is unavailable, the phase difference is detected in real time through the DZZB-A module, and the speed is dynamically adjusted based on the phase difference to meet the dynamic grid-connected control of the oil engine and achieve impact-free grid connection; finally, based on the power supply power and load power, the PCS charging and discharging mode is intelligently switched to improve the stability of the power supply system; at the same time, the dual-channel auxiliary power redundancy mechanism is used to ensure the working power of the STS cabinet and eliminate the power loss blind spot of the control circuit; in addition, the safety interlocking logic is used to realize automatic disconnection between the power grid and the oil engine to prevent short circuit problems caused by parallel power supply, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply system.

[0068] If the functions are implemented as software modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or the portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage media include various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0069] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS, applied to a multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control circuit based on EMS, the circuit comprising an STS, a PCS, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a DZZB-A module; The first switch controls the grid to connect to the STS input terminal, the second switch controls the PCS AC terminal to connect to the STS output terminal, the third switch controls the photovoltaic module to connect to the STS output terminal, the fourth switch controls the diesel engine module to connect to the STS output terminal based on the phase detection of the DZZB-A module, the STS output terminal is connected to the load, and the DC terminal of the PCS is connected to the energy storage battery; It is characterized by: The method comprises: Obtaining a power grid state, and determining whether the power grid state is normal; If yes, closing the first switch; If not, disconnect the first switch to trigger the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism; Obtaining a photovoltaic state, and determining whether the photovoltaic state is in an available state; If yes, closing the third switch; If not, the phase difference information is obtained by detecting with the DZZB-A module; Dynamically adjust the engine speed until the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold, and then close the fourth switch; Determining whether the power grid state has returned to normal; If yes, open the third switch or the fourth switch and close the first switch; If not, obtain the power supply information and load power information; Switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the supply power information and the load power information; Records switch event logs.

2. The multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dual auxiliary source power supply mechanism specifically includes: Acquire first auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS input end, and second auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS output end; Determining whether the first auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the first auxiliary power; If not, determining whether the second auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the second auxiliary power; If not, start the UPS power supply to provide auxiliary power.

3. The multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The phase difference information is detected by the DZZB-A module, specifically: Based on a preset phase angle sampling period, obtain the first phase angle information of the output voltage of the oil engine module and the second phase angle information of the STS bus; Calculating the difference between the first phase angle information and the second phase angle in the same period to obtain phase difference information; Determining whether the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times; If yes, then execute the closing logic of the fourth switch; If not, the engine speed is adjusted according to the preset dynamic adjustment logic.

4. The multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The closing logic of executing the fourth switch is specifically: Get the oil engine voltage information output by the oil engine module; If the frequency of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply frequency range, and the frequency amplitude of the oil engine voltage information is within a preset power supply voltage amplitude range, monitoring the zero-crossing moment of the oil engine voltage information; Generate a closing command at a first time preset before the zero-crossing moment; According to the closing instruction, the fourth switch is driven to close.

5. The multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS according to claim 4 is characterized in that: After the closing logic of the fourth switch is executed, an interlocking mechanism is also included, specifically: After generating the closing command, obtaining the closing state of the fourth switch; If the fourth switch is in a closed state, an opening command is sent to the first switch; Obtaining the closing state of the first switch according to the preset opening action delay; If the first switch is in the closed state, the emergency stop mechanism is triggered and the STS output terminal is forcibly disconnected.

6. The multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method based on EMS according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The switching of the second switch and the adjustment of the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the power supply information and the load power information are specifically as follows: Calculating the difference between the power supply information and the load power information to obtain power difference information; If the power difference information is greater than zero, closing the second switch and charging the energy storage battery in a constant current mode according to the power difference information; If the power difference information is less than zero, the second switch is closed, and the energy is discharged through the energy storage battery in a constant power mode according to the power difference information.

7. An EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system, applied to an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control circuit, the circuit comprising an STS, a PCS, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, and a DZZB-A module; The first switch controls the grid to connect to the STS input terminal, the second switch controls the PCS AC terminal to connect to the STS output terminal, the third switch controls the photovoltaic module to connect to the STS output terminal, the fourth switch controls the diesel engine module to connect to the STS output terminal based on the phase detection of the DZZB-A module, the STS output terminal is connected to the load, and the DC terminal of the PCS is connected to the energy storage battery; It is characterized by: The system includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory includes an EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method program, and when the EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control method program is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented: Obtaining a power grid state, and determining whether the power grid state is normal; If yes, closing the first switch; If not, disconnect the first switch to trigger the dual auxiliary power supply mechanism; Obtaining a photovoltaic state, and determining whether the photovoltaic state is in an available state; If yes, closing the third switch; If not, the phase difference information is obtained by detecting with the DZZB-A module; Dynamically adjust the engine speed until the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold, and then close the fourth switch; Determining whether the power grid state has returned to normal; If yes, open the third switch or the fourth switch and close the first switch; If not, obtain the power supply information and load power information; Switching the second switch and adjusting the charge and discharge power of the PCS according to the supply power information and the load power information; Records switch event logs.

8. The EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The dual auxiliary source power supply mechanism specifically includes: Acquire first auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS input end, and second auxiliary power information after AC / DC conversion at the STS output end; Determining whether the first auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the first auxiliary power; If not, determining whether the second auxiliary power information is greater than a preset auxiliary power threshold; If so, select the second auxiliary power; If not, start the UPS power supply to provide auxiliary power.

9. The EMS-based multi-source coordinated switching and interlocking control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase difference information is detected by the DZZB-A module, specifically: Based on a preset phase angle sampling period, obtain the first phase angle information of the output voltage of the oil engine module and the second phase angle information of the STS bus; Calculating the difference between the first phase angle information and the second phase angle in the same period to obtain phase difference information; Determining whether the phase difference information is lower than a preset phase difference threshold for three consecutive times; If yes, then execute the closing logic of the fourth switch; If not, the engine speed is adjusted according to the preset dynamic adjustment logic.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method program based on EMS. When the multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method program based on EMS is executed by a processor, the steps of the multi-source collaborative switching and interlocking control method based on EMS as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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