Vacuum switch rapid reclosing method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid reclosing method and device for a vacuum switch, and relates to the technical field of reclosing, and the method comprises the following steps: designing and installing a plurality of groups of independent energy storage circuits, each group of energy storage circuit comprising an energy storage capacitor; the charging loops of each group of energy storage capacitors are mutually independent and are not connected with a common end, each group of energy storage capacitors are isolated by using diodes and are jointly connected to a closing and opening coil of a vacuum switch, and each group of energy storage capacitors are charged through each charging loop. The power supply reliability of a power system is remarkably improved by quickly recovering power supply when a transient fault occurs, reclosing operation is automatically executed after the transient fault is detected and isolated, the power failure time caused by the fault is shortened, and in addition, the power supply reliability of the power system is improved by monitoring the state of the system in real time, such as parameters of current, voltage and temperature. And reclosing is immediately executed after the fault is cleared, so that the influence on user power supply is reduced, and the overall stability of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reclosing, and in particular to a method and device for quickly reclosing a vacuum switch. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of power systems, the grid structure has become increasingly complex. In power systems, equipment failure or line failure may lead to power interruption. Fast vacuum switches have a fast action speed and can complete opening and closing operations in a very short time, thereby improving the transient stability of the power grid. Fast reclosing technology can quickly restore power supply after detecting and clearing the fault, thereby reducing the duration and scope of power outages and improving the continuity and reliability of power supply.

[0003] For example, the reclosing self-test and fault reporting safety management platform and method disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN108445782A includes a smart meter box, a reclosing switch, a safety management module and an alarm module. The smart meter box is correspondingly equipped with a reclosing switch, which drives the transmission mechanism through a motor to drive the opening / closing action of the switch. The characteristic is that the smart meter box provides the safety management module with electricity consumption as the basis for user payment, and the safety management module realizes intelligent control of the reclosing circuit module through control signals or monitoring signals according to the user's payment situation or self-test needs.

[0004] In the existing technology, although the reclosing process adopts the planning management of motor movement combined with a learning function to shorten the closing and opening time, after the vacuum switch is operated once, reclosing generally needs to wait until the re-energy storage is completed before it can be carried out. If the switch is required to reclose quickly, the time interval is less than the re-energy storage time. In this way, multiple sets of energy storage circuits must be used to release energy in sequence to achieve rapid and multiple reclosing. Therefore, how to evaluate the efficiency of the reclosing operation in order to maintain and adjust the energy storage capacitor and ensure the effect of the reclosing is a problem we need to solve. To this end, a method and device for rapid reclosing of a vacuum switch are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a vacuum switch rapid reclosing method and device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] In a first aspect, a vacuum switch rapid reclosing method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Design and install multiple independent energy storage circuits, each of which contains a storage capacitor. Each storage capacitor has sufficient energy to drive the vacuum switch to perform a complete closing or opening operation.

[0009] Step 2: Make the charging circuits of each group of energy storage capacitors independent of each other, without common terminals connected, to avoid mutual influence during the charging process, which can improve charging efficiency and system reliability. Use diodes to isolate each group of energy storage capacitors and connect them together to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch to ensure that during the discharge process, the energy of each group of capacitors can be released independently without interfering with each other;

[0010] Step 3: Charge each set of energy storage capacitors through each charging circuit until it reaches a predetermined voltage level. The charging process can be carried out in parallel to improve efficiency and monitor the charging status to ensure that each set of energy storage capacitors is fully charged and ready for use.

[0011] Step 4: When the first closing operation is required, a group of fully charged energy storage capacitors is selected first. The control circuit triggers the thyristor of the selected energy storage capacitor to discharge it, converting the electrical energy into electromagnetic force to push the vacuum switch to close. After the closing is completed, the energy storage capacitor enters the discharge complete state and waits for recharging.

[0012] Step 5: After the first closing, the circuit status is checked, including whether the fault has been cleared and whether the switch is successfully closed. If rapid reclosing is required and the time interval is less than the re-energy storage time, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to recharge. Fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in sequence, and energy is released sequentially for multiple reclosing until the predetermined number of reclosing times is reached or the system status meets the stop condition;

[0013] Step 6: After completing all scheduled reclosing operations, all discharged energy storage capacitors are recharged. After charging is completed, the system enters a standby state and waits for the next operation instruction.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 1, the design and installation process of multiple sets of independent energy storage circuits is as follows:

[0015] Step 101: Determine the capacity of the energy storage capacitor based on the energy required to close or open the vacuum switch, and evaluate the circuit's demand for fast reclosing, including the frequency, speed, and reliability requirements for closing and opening operations;

[0016] Step 102: Designing independent energy storage circuits, wherein multiple groups of energy storage circuits are provided. Each group of energy storage circuits includes energy storage capacitors, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a control circuit, and various electrical components to provide stable charging voltage and current for each group of energy storage capacitors.

[0017] Step 103: The charging circuit includes a rectifier (for converting AC power into DC power), a current-limiting resistor (for protecting the capacitor and power supply from excessive current shock), and a charging indicator light and a voltage monitor (for indicating the charging status and monitoring the capacitor voltage), which are used to transfer energy from the external power supply to the energy storage capacitor until it reaches a predetermined voltage level. The discharge circuit includes a thyristor as a control element and a protection diode (for preventing reverse voltage from damaging the capacitor), which is used to quickly release the energy in the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch when needed. The control circuit is responsible for monitoring the charging status of the energy storage capacitor, receiving operating instructions, and controlling the on and off of the discharge circuit, which is implemented by a microcontroller, logic circuit, or relay.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 2, the process of isolating the energy storage capacitors using diodes and connecting them to the vacuum switch closing and opening coils is as follows:

[0019] Step 201: Design an independent charging circuit for each group of energy storage capacitors so that the energy storage capacitors are independent of each other and have no direct electrical connection, i.e., no common terminal connection, to prevent one group of energy storage capacitors from interfering with other groups of energy storage capacitors during charging. Each charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current limiting resistor, a charging indicator light, and a voltage monitor. The rectifier is used to convert AC power to DC power, the current limiting resistor is used to protect the capacitors and power supply from excessive current shock, and the charging indicator light and voltage monitor are used to indicate the charging status and monitor the capacitor voltage.

[0020] Step 202: Use diodes to isolate the discharge circuit of each group of energy storage capacitors, and connect the discharge circuits of all diode-isolated energy storage capacitors to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch. Since the diodes have unidirectional conductivity, it can ensure that during the discharge process, the energy of each group of energy storage capacitors can only flow to the closing and opening coils, and will not flow back to other groups of energy storage capacitors or the power supply. When discharge is required, each group of energy storage capacitors can independently and simultaneously release energy to the closing and opening coils, driving the vacuum switch to close or open.

[0021] Step 203: Connect the anode of the diode to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the cathode to the closing and opening coil of the common vacuum switch. The closing and opening coil should be able to withstand the current generated when all the energy storage capacitors are discharged simultaneously. A varistor or transient voltage suppression diode is installed in each charging circuit for overvoltage protection to prevent voltage spikes from damaging the energy storage capacitor. A protection diode is installed in the discharge circuit to prevent reverse voltage from damaging the energy storage capacitor.

[0022] Step 204: Wire and install the energy storage circuit according to the design requirements of the energy storage circuit. Install the energy storage capacitor, charging circuit components, discharging circuit components, and control circuit components in the corresponding positions according to the design requirements and connect them using insulated wires to ensure that all connections are firm and reliable and comply with electrical safety standards.

[0023] Step 205: After the installation is completed, the energy storage circuit is debugged and tested to ensure that it can work normally and meet the design requirements. The charging efficiency of the charging circuit, the discharge speed of the discharge circuit, and the response speed of the control circuit are checked. The independence of each charging circuit is checked to verify whether the diode plays an effective isolation role.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: in step 3, the process of charging each group of energy storage capacitors through each charging circuit is:

[0025] Step 301, set the rated voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors r and capacity C, and determine the charging current I according to the charging characteristics and safety standards of the energy storage capacitor. c ;

[0026] Step 302: According to the power supply voltage V s , rated voltage V r and charging current I c , determine the current limiting resistor R limit , to limit the initial charging current and protect the circuit. The calculation expression of the current limiting resistor is:

[0027] Step 303: Determine the charging time using the charging formula of the energy storage capacitor and calculate the total charging current I when n groups of energy storage capacitors are charged in parallel. t , so that the rectifier matches the total charging current to meet the charging needs of all energy storage capacitors, wherein the calculation expression of the total charging current is: I t =n·I c ;

[0028] Step 304: Start all charging circuits to charge each set of energy storage capacitors. Based on the rated voltage, capacity, charging current, and charging time of each set of energy storage capacitors, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a charging efficiency evaluation index, evaluate the impact of different energy storage capacitors on the overall charging process, and optimize the charging efficiency.

[0029] Step 305: Use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time. cap , according to the charging voltage V cap With rated voltage V rThe comparison result turns on or off the charging indicator to reflect the charging status;

[0030] Step 306, design an overcharge protection circuit. When the charging voltage V cap Close to rated voltage V r When the charging voltage of all energy storage capacitors is V cap Reaching the rated voltage V r When , charging is completed;

[0031] Step 307: Calculate the entire charging cycle T, including the time it takes for all energy storage capacitors to be fully charged, T = max(t1, t2, ..., t n ), t n is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors.

[0032] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by analyzing the charging time, calculating the sum of the ratios of the charging energy of each group of energy storage capacitors to the square root of the charging time, obtaining the functional relationship f(V, C, I) of the charging energy and time efficiency within a given time, and analyzing the functional relationship f(V, C) between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time in the case of energy loss. Combining f(V, C, I) and f(V, C) to obtain the charging efficiency evaluation index, the expression of which is:

[0033]

[0034] Where E is the charging efficiency evaluation index, which is used to evaluate the overall efficiency of the charging process. f(V, C, I) is the functional relationship between the charging energy and time efficiency within a given time. f(V, C) is the functional relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time under the condition of energy loss. n is the number of energy storage capacitor groups. V r，i is the rated voltage of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, C i is the capacity of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, I c，i is the charging current of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, t i is the charging time of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, λ is the energy loss rate constant, which indicates the rate of energy loss during the charging process, and the value of E is between 0 and 1. The closer the value is to 1, the higher the charging efficiency.

[0035] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 4, the process of performing the first closing operation is:

[0036] Step 401: Check the voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors through a voltage monitor, select a group of energy storage capacitors that has reached the rated voltage and is fully charged, and put in a standby state to ensure that there is sufficient energy for discharge. At the same time, check whether the control circuit and trigger mechanism are working properly, including whether the trigger circuit of the thyristor is ready;

[0037] Step 402: A trigger signal is sent to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor via the control circuit. The trigger signal causes the thyristor to switch from a blocking state to a conducting state, allowing the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitor to flow through the thyristor to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch. The thyristor is a semiconductor switching device that can quickly turn on upon receiving the trigger signal, allowing current to flow.

[0038] Step 403: After the thyristor is turned on, the energy storage capacitor begins to discharge. Electric energy flows through the discharge circuit to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch. After receiving the current, the closing and opening coils generate electromagnetic force, pushing the mechanical components of the vacuum switch to close the switch. The moving contact and the static contact of the vacuum switch are fully in contact, and the closing process is completed. At this point, the circuit is connected, and current flows through the vacuum switch. During the discharge process, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor gradually decreases until the discharge is completed, and the switch enters the discharge complete state.

[0039] Step 404: After the closing operation is completed, the selected energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state, and the control circuit updates its state, preparing to recharge for the next closing operation. The control circuit restarts the charging circuit of the selected energy storage capacitor and starts the recharging process. The charging process is carried out through a dedicated charging circuit, which converts the electrical energy provided by the external power supply and stores it in the energy storage capacitor.

[0040] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 5, the process of sequentially releasing energy and performing multiple reclosing is as follows:

[0041] Step 501: After the first closing, the circuit status is detected, and the parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature are analyzed to see if they are abnormal. The fault is checked to see if it has been cleared, and the contact status of the switch is checked to see if the vacuum switch has been successfully closed.

[0042] Step 502: If it is detected that the fault has been cleared and power supply needs to be quickly restored, it is determined that a reclosing operation needs to be performed, and the required reclosing time interval is checked to determine whether the time interval is less than the recharging time of the energy storage capacitor. If the reclosing time interval is less than the time required for the energy storage capacitor to recharge, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be fully charged.

[0043] Step 503: Without waiting for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, the voltage status of the energy storage capacitor is detected in real time by a voltage monitor, and the fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in sequence to ensure that the voltage of the selected energy storage capacitor reaches or is close to its rated voltage, so as to ensure that there is sufficient energy for the discharge operation;

[0044] Step 504: A trigger signal is sent to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor via the control circuit. The trigger signal turns on the thyristor, allowing the energy storage capacitor to discharge. The fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in sequence, and energy is released in sequence to perform reclosing. After each reclosing operation, the circuit state is checked again to confirm whether reclosing is required.

[0045] Step 505, continue the reclosing operation until a predetermined number of reclosing times is reached, or when it is detected that the stop condition for fault clearing is met, stop the reclosing operation;

[0046] Step 506: After each reclosing operation, update the state of the energy storage capacitor, mark it as discharged and ready to be recharged, and monitor the charging state of all energy storage capacitors to ensure that the energy storage capacitors can be recharged in time;

[0047] Step 507: After the reclosing operation is completed, the voltage, discharge current, and charging time data of each energy storage capacitor involved in the reclosing operation are extracted, and the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation and the number of reclosing operations are obtained. A comprehensive analysis is performed to calculate the reclosing evaluation coefficient, evaluate the efficiency of the reclosing operation, and optimize the charging strategy of the energy storage capacitor and the timing of the reclosing operation.

[0048] Step 508, setting different evaluation levels based on the reclosing evaluation coefficient, namely, level one evaluation level, level two evaluation level, level three evaluation level and level four evaluation level, wherein the reclosing operation efficiency gradually decreases from level one to level four, and setting a corresponding evaluation threshold for each evaluation level.

[0049] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the expression of the reclosing evaluation coefficient is:

[0050]

[0051] Where R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, V c，j is the voltage of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, I d，j is the discharge current of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, t c，j is the charging time of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, m is the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation, S is the number of reclosing operations, β is a proportional constant used to adjust the effect of the number of reclosing operations on the efficiency index, and the value of R ranges from 0 to 1. A higher value indicates a better efficiency of the reclosing operation.

[0052] The plurality of evaluation levels correspond to a plurality of evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold;

[0053] The multiple evaluation levels and the multiple evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0054] Level 1 assessment level R ep ≤R<1;

[0055] Secondary Assessment Level R sp ≤R <R ep ;

[0056] Level 3 Assessment R fp ≤R <R sp ;

[0057] Level 4 Assessment Level 0 <R<R fp ;

[0058] Among them, R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, R ep is the lower threshold corresponding to the first-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the second-level assessment level, R sp is the lower threshold corresponding to the second-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the third-level assessment level, R fp is the lower threshold corresponding to the third-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the fourth-level assessment level, R ep =0.9, R sp =0.7, R fp =0.5.

[0059] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 6, the process of recharging all discharged energy storage capacitors is as follows:

[0060] Step 601: confirm that all scheduled reclosing operations have been completed, check the status of the vacuum switch, confirm that all energy storage capacitors have been discharged, and check their appearance and connection lines for abnormalities;

[0061] Step 602: Based on the evaluation results of the reclosing operation, the discharged energy storage capacitors are tested, the status of each energy storage capacitor is analyzed, and maintenance and adjustment are performed on them;

[0062] Step 603: Identify and record all discharged energy storage capacitors, prepare for charging, and start the corresponding charging circuit for each discharged energy storage capacitor;

[0063] Step 604: Use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time to ensure that the voltage rises steadily during the charging process until it reaches the rated voltage, and implement overcharge protection measures to prevent the energy storage capacitors from charging beyond their rated voltage;

[0064] Step 605: When the voltage of the energy storage capacitor reaches the rated voltage, charging is determined to be complete, the state of the energy storage capacitor is updated, marked as charging completed, and the time and voltage of charging completion are recorded for subsequent data analysis and maintenance;

[0065] Step 606: All energy storage capacitors are charged and enter a standby state, ready to respond to the next operation instruction;

[0066] Step 607 , records the data of the entire reclosing and charging cycle, including operation time, voltage, and current, and generates an operation report to analyze and optimize the operation process.

[0067] In a second aspect, a vacuum switch rapid reclosing device is used to implement a vacuum switch rapid reclosing method, comprising a control module, wherein the control module is communicatively connected to an energy storage capacitor module, a vacuum switch module, a monitoring and protection module, and a communication interface module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules;

[0068] The control module is used to receive external instructions, analyze the circuit status, determine whether a reclosing operation is required, and issue corresponding control signals. It can make a decision on whether to reclose based on real-time data of parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature, as well as the predetermined reclosing number and stop conditions;

[0069] The energy storage capacitor module is used to store energy for the vacuum switch to perform closing or opening operations. When the device is in a non-operating state, the energy storage capacitor module is responsible for storing electrical energy so that energy can be quickly released for reclosing operations when needed. When the control module issues a reclosing command, the energy storage capacitor module can quickly discharge and transfer the electrical energy to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch through switching elements such as thyristors. After the reclosing operation is completed, the energy storage capacitor module needs to be recharged for the next use. The charging process is monitored by the control module to ensure that the capacitor voltage reaches or is close to the rated value;

[0070] The vacuum switch module is used to quickly complete the opening and closing operations after receiving the control signal;

[0071] The monitoring and protection module is used to monitor the current, voltage, and temperature parameters in the circuit, as well as the contact status of the vacuum switch and the voltage status of the energy storage capacitor in real time. Based on the monitored data, it determines whether there is a fault in the circuit and whether the fault has been cleared. If it is found that the fault has not been cleared or a new fault has occurred, an alarm will be issued in time to prevent the reclosing operation;

[0072] The communication interface module is used to transmit the monitored data to the control module for analysis and storage.

[0073] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0074] 1. The present invention provides a method and device for rapid reclosing of vacuum switches. By rapidly restoring power supply in the event of a transient fault, the power supply reliability of the power system is significantly improved. After detecting and isolating a transient fault, the device automatically performs a reclosing operation, reducing the power outage time caused by the fault. In addition, the device monitors system status in real time, such as parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature, to ensure that reclosing is performed immediately after the fault is cleared, thereby reducing the impact on user power supply and improving the overall stability of the system.

[0075] 2. The present invention provides a method and device for rapid reclosing of vacuum switches. Through automated control, it reduces delays and errors in manual operations, improves the speed and accuracy of fault handling, and enables the power system to operate more efficiently in the face of transient faults. In addition, by analyzing the reclosing operation and judging the state of the energy storage capacitor during the reclosing operation, it is beneficial for maintenance personnel to make targeted maintenance adjustments based on the evaluation results of the reclosing operation, thereby improving the economy and maintenance efficiency of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0077] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 2 A flow chart showing the first closing operation of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit for reclosing twice according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0080] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit for reclosing twice according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0081] Figure 5 A flow chart showing the sequential release of energy and multiple reclosing operations of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 6 It is a module structure diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] Example 1, as Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a vacuum switch rapid reclosing method, comprising the following steps:

[0085] Step 1: Design and install multiple independent energy storage circuits. Each energy storage circuit contains a storage capacitor. Each energy storage capacitor has enough energy to drive the vacuum switch to perform a complete closing or opening operation. The capacity of the energy storage capacitor is determined according to the energy required for closing or opening the vacuum switch. The circuit's demand for fast reclosing is evaluated, including the frequency, speed and reliability requirements of closing and opening operations. Independent energy storage circuits are designed, and multiple energy storage circuits are provided. For each energy storage circuit, it includes an energy storage capacitor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a control circuit and various electrical components to provide a stable charging voltage and current for each energy storage capacitor. The charging circuit includes a rectifier (which The device includes a power supply (for converting AC power into DC power), a current-limiting resistor (for protecting the capacitor and power supply from excessive current shock), and a charging indicator light and voltage monitor (for indicating the charging status and monitoring the capacitor voltage), which are used to transfer energy from the external power supply to the energy storage capacitor until it reaches a predetermined voltage level. The discharge circuit includes a thyristor as a control element and a protection diode (for preventing reverse voltage from damaging the capacitor), which is used to quickly release the energy in the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch when needed. The control circuit is responsible for monitoring the charging status of the energy storage capacitor, receiving operating instructions, and controlling the on and off of the discharge circuit. This is achieved through a microcontroller, logic circuit, or relay.

[0086] Step 2: Make the charging circuits of each group of energy storage capacitors independent of each other, without connecting to the common end, so as to avoid mutual influence during the charging process, improve the charging efficiency and reliability of the system, use diodes to isolate the energy storage capacitors of each group, and connect them to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch to ensure that the energy of each group of capacitors can be released independently during the discharge process without interfering with each other. Design an independent charging circuit for each group of energy storage capacitors, so that the energy storage capacitors are independent of each other, without direct electrical connection, that is, without connecting to the common end, to prevent one group of energy storage capacitors from interfering with other groups of energy storage capacitors during the charging process. The electrical circuit includes a rectifier, a current limiting resistor, a charging indicator light and a voltage monitor. The rectifier is used to convert AC power into DC power. The current limiting resistor is used to protect the capacitor and power supply from excessive current impact. The charging indicator light and voltage monitor are used to indicate the charging status and monitor the capacitor voltage. In the discharge circuit of each group of energy storage capacitors, diodes are used for isolation, and the discharge circuits of all energy storage capacitors isolated by diodes are connected to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch. Since the diodes have unidirectional conductivity, it can ensure that during the discharge process, the energy of each group of energy storage capacitors can only flow to the closing and opening coils, and will not flow back to them. Other groups of energy storage capacitors or power supplies, when discharge is required, each group of energy storage capacitors can release energy independently and simultaneously to the closing and opening coils, pushing the vacuum switch to close or open the switch, connect the anode of the diode to the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor, and the cathode to the closing and opening coils of the common vacuum switch, and the closing and opening coils should be able to withstand the current generated when all energy storage capacitors are discharged at the same time, and install a varistor or transient voltage suppression diode in each charging circuit for overvoltage protection to prevent voltage spikes from damaging the energy storage capacitor, and install a protection diode in the discharge circuit to prevent reverse voltage from damaging the energy storage capacitor. According to the energy storage According to the circuit design requirements, the energy storage circuit is wired and installed. The energy storage capacitor, charging circuit components, discharge circuit components, and control circuit components are installed in the corresponding positions according to the design requirements and connected with insulated wires. Ensure that all connections are firm and reliable and meet electrical safety standards. After installation, the energy storage circuit is debugged and tested to ensure that it can work properly and meet the design requirements. Check the charging efficiency of the charging circuit, the discharge speed of the discharge circuit, and the response speed of the control circuit. Check whether the independence of each charging circuit is good and verify whether the diode plays an effective isolation role.

[0087] Step 3: Charge each group of energy storage capacitors through each charging circuit until it reaches the predetermined voltage level. The charging process can be carried out in parallel to improve efficiency. Monitor the charging status to ensure that each group of energy storage capacitors is fully charged and ready to use. Set the rated voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors. r and capacity C, and determine the charging current I according to the charging characteristics and safety standards of the energy storage capacitor. c , according to the power supply voltage V s, rated voltage V r and charging current I c , determine the current limiting resistor R limit , to limit the initial charging current and protect the circuit. The calculation expression of the current limiting resistor is: Determine the charging time using the charging formula of the energy storage capacitor and calculate the total charging current I when n groups of energy storage capacitors are charged in parallel t , so that the rectifier matches the total charging current to meet the charging needs of all energy storage capacitors. The calculation expression of the total charging current is: I t =n·I c , start all charging circuits, charge each group of energy storage capacitors, and comprehensively analyze the rated voltage, capacity, charging current and charging time of each group of energy storage capacitors to obtain the charging efficiency evaluation index, evaluate the impact of different energy storage capacitors on the overall charging process, optimize the charging efficiency, and use the voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time cap , according to the charging voltage V cap With rated voltage V r The comparison result lights up or turns off the charging indicator to reflect the charging status. The overcharge protection circuit is designed. When the charging voltage V cap Close to rated voltage V r When the charging voltage of all energy storage capacitors is V cap Reaching the rated voltage V r When the charging is completed, calculate the entire charging cycle T, including the time it takes for all energy storage capacitors to be fully charged, T = max(t1, t2, ..., t n ), t n is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors;

[0088] Furthermore, the charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by analyzing the charging time and calculating the sum of the ratios of the charging energy of each group of energy storage capacitors to the square root of the charging time. The functional relationship between the charging energy and the time efficiency within a given time is obtained as f(V, C, I). In addition, under the condition of energy loss, the functional relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time is obtained as f(V, C). The charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by combining f(V, C, I) and f(V, C), and its expression is:

[0089]

[0090] Where E is the charging efficiency evaluation index, which is used to evaluate the overall efficiency of the charging process. f(V, C, I) is the functional relationship between the charging energy and time efficiency within a given time. f(V, C) is the functional relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time under the condition of energy loss. n is the number of energy storage capacitor groups. Vr，i is the rated voltage of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, C i is the capacity of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, I c，i is the charging current of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, t i is the charging time of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, λ is the energy loss rate constant, which indicates the rate of energy loss during the charging process. The value of E is between 0 and 1. The closer the value is to 1, the higher the charging efficiency. exp(-λt i ) is used to simulate energy loss over time;

[0091] Step 4: When the first closing operation is required, a group of fully charged energy storage capacitors is selected first. The control circuit triggers the thyristor of the selected energy storage capacitor to discharge it, converting the electrical energy into electromagnetic force to push the vacuum switch to close. After the closing is completed, the energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state and waits for recharging. The voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors is checked through the voltage monitor, and a group of energy storage capacitors that has reached the rated voltage and is fully charged is selected and is in a standby state to ensure that there is enough energy for discharge. At the same time, check whether the control circuit and trigger mechanism are working properly, including whether the trigger circuit of the thyristor is ready. A trigger signal is sent to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor through the control circuit. The trigger signal causes the thyristor to change from the blocking state to the conducting state, allowing the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitor to flow to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch through the thyristor. The thyristor is a semiconductor switching device that can After receiving the trigger signal, it is quickly turned on to allow current to pass. After the thyristor is turned on, the energy storage capacitor begins to discharge, and the electric energy flows to the closing and opening coil of the vacuum switch through the discharge circuit. After the closing and opening coil receives the current, it generates electromagnetic force to push the mechanical parts of the vacuum switch to perform the closing operation. The moving contact of the vacuum switch is fully in contact with the static contact, and the closing process is completed. At this time, the circuit is connected, and the current flows through the vacuum switch. During the discharge process, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor gradually decreases until the discharge is completed and enters the discharge completion state. After the closing is completed, the selected energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state, and the control circuit updates its state and prepares to be recharged for the next closing operation. The control circuit restarts the charging circuit of the selected energy storage capacitor and starts the recharging process. The charging process is carried out through a special charging circuit to convert the electric energy provided by the external power supply and store it in the energy storage capacitor.

[0092] Step 5: After the first closing, the circuit status is checked, including whether the fault has been cleared and whether the switch is successfully closed. If rapid reclosing is required and the time interval is less than the re-energy storage time, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to recharge. Fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in sequence, and energy is released sequentially for multiple reclosing until the predetermined number of reclosing times is reached or the system status meets the stop condition;

[0093] Step 6: After completing all scheduled reclosing operations, all discharged energy storage capacitors are recharged. After charging is completed, the system enters a standby state and waits for the next operation instruction.

[0094] Example 2, as Figure 5 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, in step 5, the process of sequentially releasing energy and performing multiple reclosing is:

[0095] After the first closing, detect the circuit status, analyze whether the current, voltage, temperature and other parameters are abnormal, check whether the fault has been cleared, and confirm whether the vacuum switch has been successfully closed by detecting the contact status of the switch. If it is detected that the fault has been cleared and the power supply needs to be restored quickly, it is determined that a reclosing operation needs to be performed, and the reclosing time interval requirements are checked to determine whether the time interval is less than the recharging time of the energy storage capacitor. If the reclosing time interval is less than the time required for the energy storage capacitor to recharge, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be fully charged. Without waiting for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, the voltage status of the energy storage capacitor is detected in real time through the voltage monitor, and the fully charged energy storage capacitor is selected in turn to ensure that the voltage of the selected energy storage capacitor reaches or is close to its rated voltage to ensure that there is sufficient energy for the discharge operation. A trigger signal is sent to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor through the control circuit. The trigger signal turns on the thyristor, allowing the energy storage capacitor to discharge, and the fully charged energy storage capacitor is selected in turn to release energy in sequence for reclosing. After each reclosing operation , detect the circuit status again, confirm whether it is necessary to continue reclosing, and continue the reclosing operation until the predetermined number of reclosing times is reached, or when it is detected that the stop condition for fault clearing is met, stop the reclosing operation, and after each reclosing operation, update the status of the energy storage capacitor, mark it as discharged, and prepare to recharge, and monitor the charging status of all energy storage capacitors to ensure that the energy storage capacitor can be recharged in time. After the reclosing operation is completed, extract the voltage, discharge current, and charging time data of each energy storage capacitor involved in the reclosing operation process, and obtain the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation and the number of reclosing operations. Comprehensively analyze and calculate the reclosing evaluation coefficient, evaluate the efficiency of the reclosing operation, optimize the charging strategy of the energy storage capacitor and the timing of the reclosing operation, set different evaluation levels based on the reclosing evaluation coefficient, namely, the first evaluation level, the second evaluation level, the third evaluation level, and the fourth evaluation level, wherein the reclosing operation efficiency gradually decreases from the first to the fourth evaluation level, and set a corresponding evaluation threshold for each evaluation level;

[0096] Furthermore, the expression of the reclosing evaluation coefficient is:

[0097]

[0098] Where R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, Vc，j is the voltage of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, I d，j is the discharge current of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, t c，j is the charging time of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, m is the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation, S is the number of reclosing operations, β is the proportional constant used to adjust the effect of the number of reclosing operations on the efficiency index, and the value range of R is 0 to 1. The higher the value, the better the efficiency of the reclosing operation. As the number of reclosing operations increases, the exponential part e -β·S Gradually decreases, thereby reducing the R value, reflecting the negative impact that frequent reclosing may bring. Calculate the sum of the ratios of the voltage to the discharge current of all energy storage capacitors involved in the reclosing operation, and then divide it by the number of groups m to obtain the average discharge efficiency;

[0099] Multiple evaluation levels correspond to multiple evaluation thresholds, where the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold;

[0100] The multiple evaluation levels and multiple evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship:

[0101] Level 1 assessment level R ep ≤R<1;

[0102] Secondary Assessment Level R sp ≤R <R ep ;

[0103] Level 3 Assessment R fp ≤R <R sp ;

[0104] Level 4 Assessment Level 0 <R<R fp ;

[0105] Among them, R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, R ep is the lower threshold corresponding to the first-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the second-level assessment level, R sp is the lower threshold corresponding to the second-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the third-level assessment level, R fp is the lower threshold corresponding to the third-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the fourth-level assessment level, R ep =0.9, R sp =0.7, R fp =0.5;

[0106] In step 6, the process of recharging all discharged energy storage capacitors is as follows:

[0107] Confirm that all scheduled reclosing operations have been completed, check the status of the vacuum switch, confirm that all energy storage capacitors have been discharged, and inspect their appearance and connection lines for abnormalities. Based on the evaluation results of the reclosing operation, test the discharged energy storage capacitors, analyze the status of each energy storage capacitor, perform maintenance and adjustments on them, identify and record all discharged energy storage capacitors, prepare for charging, start the corresponding charging circuit for each discharged energy storage capacitor, and ensure that the parameters of the charging circuit (such as charging current, current limiting resistor, etc.) are set correctly. Use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time to ensure that the voltage rises steadily during the charging process until it reaches the rated voltage. Implement overcharge protection measures to prevent the energy storage capacitors from charging beyond their rated voltage. When the voltage of the energy storage capacitor reaches the rated voltage, the charging is determined to be complete, the status of the energy storage capacitor is updated, marked as charging complete, and the time and voltage of charging completion are recorded for subsequent data analysis and maintenance. All energy storage capacitors are charged and enter the standby state, ready to respond to the next operation instruction. Record data for the entire reclosing and charging cycle, including operation time, voltage, and current, and generate an operation report to analyze and optimize the operation process.

[0108] Example 3, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, based on Examples 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, it can be seen from the circuit schematic diagram of reclosing twice that the rapid opening and closing action of the switch uses the electromagnetic force generated by the discharge of the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coils to promote the switch action. Generally, the opening action and the closing action each require a group of capacitors to store energy, which can be triggered to discharge during the action. Therefore, when multiple actions are performed and the interval time is less than the capacitor charging time, there must be multiple groups of capacitors to store energy, but the closing and opening coils of the switch each have one group, and the multiple groups of capacitors must be connected in parallel and connected to the closing or opening coil. This patent mainly realizes that when multiple groups of capacitors are connected to the same coil, they are discharged one by one in sequence to avoid the problem of simultaneous discharge of multiple groups of capacitors.

[0109] Example 4, as Figure 6 As shown, based on Examples 1-3, the present invention further provides a vacuum switch rapid reclosing device for implementing a vacuum switch rapid reclosing method, comprising a control module, the control module being communicatively connected to an energy storage capacitor module, a vacuum switch module, a monitoring and protection module, and a communication interface module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules;

[0110] The control module is used to receive external instructions, analyze the circuit status, determine whether a reclosing operation is required, and issue corresponding control signals. It can make decisions on whether to reclose based on real-time data of parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature, as well as the predetermined number of reclosing times and stop conditions;

[0111] The energy storage capacitor module is used to store energy for the vacuum switch to close or open. When the device is in the non-operating state, the energy storage capacitor module is responsible for storing electrical energy so that it can quickly release energy for reclosing operation when needed. When the control module issues a reclosing command, the energy storage capacitor module can quickly discharge and transfer the electrical energy to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch through switching elements such as thyristors. After the reclosing operation is completed, the energy storage capacitor module needs to be recharged for the next use. The charging process is monitored by the control module to ensure that the capacitor voltage reaches or is close to the rated value;

[0112] Vacuum switch module, used to quickly complete opening and closing operations after receiving the control signal;

[0113] The monitoring and protection module is used to monitor the current, voltage, and temperature parameters in the circuit in real time, as well as the contact status of the vacuum switch and the voltage status of the energy storage capacitor. Based on the monitored data, it determines whether there is a fault in the circuit and whether the fault has been cleared. If it is found that the fault has not been cleared or a new fault occurs, an alarm will be issued in time to prevent the reclosing operation;

[0114] The communication interface module is used to transmit the monitored data to the control module for analysis and storage.

[0115] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A vacuum switch rapid reclosing method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Design and install multiple independent energy storage circuits, each of which includes an energy storage capacitor; Step 2: Make the charging circuits of each group of energy storage capacitors independent of each other, without common terminals connected, use diodes to isolate the energy storage capacitors, and connect them to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch; Step 3: Charge each set of energy storage capacitors through each charging circuit until a predetermined voltage level is reached, and monitor the charging status to ensure that each set of energy storage capacitors is fully charged and ready for use; Step 4: When the first closing operation is required, a group of fully charged energy storage capacitors is selected first. The control circuit triggers the thyristor of the selected energy storage capacitor to discharge it, converting the electrical energy into electromagnetic force to push the vacuum switch to close. After the closing is completed, the energy storage capacitor enters the discharge complete state and waits for recharging. Step 5: After the first closing, check the circuit status. If fast reclosing is required and the time interval is less than the re-energy storage time, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to recharge. Select the fully charged energy storage capacitors in turn and release energy in sequence for multiple reclosing. Step 6: After completing all scheduled reclosing operations, all discharged energy storage capacitors are recharged. After charging is completed, the system enters a standby state and waits for the next operation instruction.

2. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the design and installation process of multiple independent energy storage circuits is as follows: Step 101: Determine the capacity of the energy storage capacitor based on the energy required to close or open the vacuum switch, and evaluate the circuit's demand for fast reclosing, including the frequency, speed, and reliability requirements for closing and opening operations; Step 102: Designing independent energy storage circuits, wherein multiple groups of energy storage circuits are provided. Each group of energy storage circuits includes energy storage capacitors, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a control circuit, and various electrical components to provide stable charging voltage and current for each group of energy storage capacitors. Step 103: The charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current-limiting resistor, a charging indicator light, and a voltage monitor, which are used to transfer energy from the external power supply to the energy storage capacitor until it reaches a predetermined voltage level. The discharge circuit includes a thyristor as a control element and a protection diode, which is used to release the energy in the energy storage capacitor to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch when needed. The control circuit is responsible for monitoring the charging state of the energy storage capacitor, receiving operating instructions, and controlling the on and off of the discharge circuit.

3. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the process of using diodes to isolate the energy storage capacitors and connect them to the vacuum switch closing and opening coils is as follows: Step 201: Design an independent charging circuit for each group of energy storage capacitors to make them independent of each other. Each charging circuit includes a rectifier, a current limiting resistor, a charging indicator light, and a voltage monitor. The rectifier is used to convert AC power to DC power. The current limiting resistor is used to protect the capacitors and power supply from excessive current. The charging indicator light and voltage monitor are used to indicate the charging status and monitor the capacitor voltage. Step 202: Use diodes to isolate the discharge circuit of each group of energy storage capacitors, and connect the discharge circuits of all the energy storage capacitors isolated by the diodes to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch. Step 203: Connect the anode of the diode to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the cathode to the closing and opening coil of the common vacuum switch. Install a varistor or transient voltage suppression diode in each charging circuit for overvoltage protection, and install a protection diode in the discharge circuit. Step 204: wiring and installing the energy storage circuit according to the design requirements of the energy storage circuit. The energy storage capacitor, charging circuit components, discharging circuit components, and control circuit components are installed in corresponding positions according to the design requirements and connected using insulated wires. Step 205: After the installation is completed, debug and test the energy storage circuit to check the charging efficiency of the charging circuit, the discharge speed of the discharge circuit, and the response speed of the control circuit. Check whether the independence of each charging circuit is good and verify whether the diode plays an isolation role.

4. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 3, the process of charging each group of energy storage capacitors through each charging circuit is as follows: Step 301, set the rated voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors r and capacity C, and determine the charging current I according to the charging characteristics and safety standards of the energy storage capacitor. c ; Step 302: According to the power supply voltage V s , rated voltage V r and charging current I c , determine the current limiting resistor R limit , to limit the initial charging current and protect the circuit. The calculation expression of the current limiting resistor is: Step 303: Determine the charging time using the charging formula of the energy storage capacitor and calculate the total charging current I when n groups of energy storage capacitors are charged in parallel. t , so that the rectifier matches the total charging current to meet the charging needs of all energy storage capacitors, wherein the calculation expression of the total charging current is: I t =n·I c ; Step 304: Start all charging circuits to charge each set of energy storage capacitors. Based on the rated voltage, capacity, charging current, and charging time of each set of energy storage capacitors, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a charging efficiency evaluation index, evaluate the impact of different energy storage capacitors on the overall charging process, and optimize the charging efficiency. Step 305: Use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage V of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time. cap , according to the charging voltage V cap With rated voltage V r The comparison result turns on or off the charging indicator to reflect the charging status; Step 306, design an overcharge protection circuit. When the charging voltage V cap Close to rated voltage V r When the charging voltage of all energy storage capacitors is V cap Reaching the rated voltage V r When , charging is completed; Step 307: Calculate the entire charging cycle T, including the time it takes for all energy storage capacitors to be fully charged, T = max(t1, t2, ..., t n ), t n is the charging time of the nth group of energy storage capacitors.

5. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by analyzing the charging time and calculating the sum of the ratios of the charging energy of each group of energy storage capacitors to the square root of the charging time, obtaining the functional relationship f(V, C, I) between the charging energy and the time efficiency within a given time, and analyzing the functional relationship f(V, C) between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time under the condition of energy loss. The charging efficiency evaluation index is obtained by combining f(V, C, I) and f(V, C), and its expression is: Where E is the charging efficiency evaluation index, which is used to evaluate the overall efficiency of the charging process. f(V, C, I) is the functional relationship between the charging energy and time efficiency within a given time. f(V, C) is the functional relationship between the theoretical maximum energy of each group of energy storage capacitors and the actual charging time under the condition of energy loss. n is the number of energy storage capacitor groups. V r，i is the rated voltage of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, C i is the capacity of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, I c，i is the charging current of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, t i is the charging time of the i-th group of energy storage capacitors, and λ is the energy loss rate constant, which represents the rate of energy loss during the charging process.

6. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, the process of performing the first closing operation is as follows: Step 401: Check the voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors through a voltage monitor, select a group of energy storage capacitors that has reached the rated voltage and is fully charged and in a standby state, and simultaneously check whether the control circuit and trigger mechanism are working properly, including whether the trigger circuit of the thyristor is ready; Step 402: Sending a trigger signal to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor via the control circuit. The trigger signal causes the thyristor to switch from a blocking state to a conducting state, allowing the electrical energy in the energy storage capacitor to flow through the thyristor to the drive mechanism of the vacuum switch. Step 403: After the thyristor is turned on, the energy storage capacitor begins to discharge. The electric energy flows through the discharge circuit to the closing and opening coils of the vacuum switch. After receiving the current, the closing and opening coils generate electromagnetic force, pushing the mechanical components of the vacuum switch to close the switch. The moving contact and the static contact of the vacuum switch are fully in contact, and the closing process is completed. Step 404: After the closing is completed, the selected energy storage capacitor enters the discharge completion state, the control circuit updates its state, and prepares to recharge. The control circuit restarts the charging circuit of the selected energy storage capacitor to start the recharging process.

7. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 5, the process of sequentially releasing energy and performing multiple reclosing is as follows: Step 501: After the first closing, the circuit status is detected to check whether the fault has been cleared, and the contact status of the switch is detected to confirm whether the vacuum switch has been successfully closed; Step 502: If it is detected that the fault has been cleared and power supply needs to be quickly restored, it is determined that a reclosing operation needs to be performed, and the required reclosing time interval is checked to determine whether the time interval is less than the recharging time of the energy storage capacitor. If the reclosing time interval is less than the time required for the energy storage capacitor to recharge, there is no need to wait for the energy storage capacitor to be fully charged. Step 503: Without waiting for the energy storage capacitor to be recharged, the voltage status of the energy storage capacitor is detected in real time by a voltage monitor, and the fully charged energy storage capacitor is selected in turn; Step 504: A trigger signal is sent to the thyristor corresponding to the selected energy storage capacitor via the control circuit. The trigger signal turns on the thyristor, allowing the energy storage capacitor to discharge. The fully charged energy storage capacitors are selected in sequence, and energy is released in sequence to perform reclosing. After each reclosing operation, the circuit state is checked again to confirm whether reclosing is required. Step 505, continue the reclosing operation until a predetermined number of reclosing times is reached, or when it is detected that the stop condition for fault clearing is met, stop the reclosing operation; Step 506: After each reclosing operation, update the state of the energy storage capacitor, mark it as discharged and ready to be recharged, and monitor the charging state of all energy storage capacitors; Step 507: After the reclosing operation is completed, the voltage, discharge current, and charging time data of each energy storage capacitor involved in the reclosing operation are extracted, and the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation and the number of reclosing operations are obtained. A comprehensive analysis is performed to calculate the reclosing evaluation coefficient, evaluate the efficiency of the reclosing operation, and optimize the charging strategy of the energy storage capacitor and the timing of the reclosing operation. Step 508, setting different evaluation levels based on the reclosing evaluation coefficient, namely, level one evaluation level, level two evaluation level, level three evaluation level and level four evaluation level, wherein the reclosing operation efficiency gradually decreases from level one to level four, and setting a corresponding evaluation threshold for each evaluation level.

8. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The expression of the reclosing evaluation coefficient is: Where R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, V c，j is the voltage of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, I d，j is the discharge current of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, t c，j is the charging time of the jth group of energy storage capacitors, m is the number of energy storage capacitor groups involved in the reclosing operation, S is the number of reclosing operations, and β is a proportional constant used to adjust the effect of the number of reclosing operations on the efficiency index; The plurality of evaluation levels correspond to a plurality of evaluation thresholds, wherein the evaluation thresholds include an upper threshold and a lower threshold; The multiple evaluation levels and the multiple evaluation thresholds satisfy the following relationship: Level 1 assessment level R ep ≤R<1; Secondary Assessment Level R sp ≤R <R ep ; Level 3 Assessment R fp ≤R <R sp ; Level 4 Assessment Level 0 <R<R fp ; Among them, R is the reclosing evaluation coefficient, R ep is the lower threshold corresponding to the first-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the second-level assessment level, R sp is the lower threshold corresponding to the second-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the third-level assessment level, R fp It is the lower threshold corresponding to the third-level assessment level and the upper threshold corresponding to the fourth-level assessment level.

9. The vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 6, the process of recharging all discharged energy storage capacitors is as follows: Step 601: confirm that all scheduled reclosing operations have been completed, check the status of the vacuum switch, confirm that all energy storage capacitors have been discharged, and check their appearance and connection lines for abnormalities; Step 602: Based on the evaluation results of the reclosing operation, the discharged energy storage capacitors are tested, the status of each energy storage capacitor is analyzed, and maintenance and adjustment are performed on them; Step 603: Identify and record all discharged energy storage capacitors, prepare for charging, and start the corresponding charging circuit for each discharged energy storage capacitor; Step 604: Use a voltage monitor to monitor the charging voltage of each group of energy storage capacitors in real time to ensure that the voltage rises steadily during the charging process until it reaches the rated voltage, and implement overcharge protection measures; Step 605: When the voltage of the energy storage capacitor reaches the rated voltage, charging is determined to be complete, the state of the energy storage capacitor is updated, marked as charging completed, and the time and voltage of charging completion are recorded; Step 606: All energy storage capacitors are charged and enter a standby state, ready to respond to the next operation instruction; Step 607 , records the data of the entire reclosing and charging cycle, including operation time, voltage, and current, and generates an operation report to analyze and optimize the operation process.

10. A vacuum switch rapid reclosing device, used to implement the vacuum switch rapid reclosing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a control module, characterized in that: The control module is communicatively connected to the energy storage capacitor module, the vacuum switch module, the monitoring and protection module, and the communication interface module, wherein electrical signals are connected between the modules; The control module is used to receive external instructions, analyze circuit status, determine whether a reclosing operation needs to be performed, and issue corresponding control signals; The energy storage capacitor module is used to store energy for the vacuum switch to perform closing or opening operations; The vacuum switch module is used to complete opening and closing operations after receiving the control signal; The monitoring and protection module is used to monitor the current, voltage, temperature parameters in the circuit, as well as the contact status of the vacuum switch and the voltage status of the energy storage capacitor in real time, and determine whether there is a fault in the circuit based on the monitored data; The communication interface module is used to transmit the monitored data to the control module for analysis and storage.

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