Multistage permanent magnet disc type motor and control system thereof
Through the multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor structure and sensor control system, the operation of the stator and rotor is dynamically adjusted, which solves the problems of heavy weight, large volume and unbalanced load of traditional permanent magnet motors under heavy load, and realizes efficient, lightweight and energy-saving operation of the motor.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510897963.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional permanent magnet motors require two high-power motors to provide power under heavy loads, resulting in heavy weight, large volume, large space occupation, and the risk of load imbalance and efficiency loss.
It adopts a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor structure. Each motor consists of several stators and rotors. The load changes are monitored by sensors, and the number of stators and rotors in operation and the output power of the inverter are controlled to achieve dynamic adjustment to optimize motor performance.
The motor has high power density, small size, light weight and low cost, and can automatically adjust load changes to avoid overload accidents, improve synchronization and energy saving effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN120658040A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor manufacturing and control, and in particular to a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and a control system thereof. Background Art
[0002] Traditional permanent magnet motors consist of a set of stator coils and a set of permanent magnet rotors. When working under heavy loads, two high-power motors are required to power the same load. Not only are the two motors heavy, large, and take up a lot of space, but due to differences in manufacturing processes, material performance parameters, and installation techniques, there will be load imbalance and efficiency loss, which can cause accidents in serious cases. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome at least one defect in the prior art and provide a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and a control system thereof.
[0004] In order to implement the above technical solution, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system are provided, comprising a housing, a stator, a rotor, a sensor, a frequency converter, and a controller. The stator has a circular center hole, and each motor has several stators, all of which are fixed within the housing. The rotor is disc-shaped, and each motor has several rotors, all of which are fixed to the motor shaft, which is fixed within the housing via a front cover and a rear cover of the housing. The number of stators and rotors can be the same or differ by one, i.e., the number of stators can be one more or one less than the number of rotors. The stators and rotors are spaced apart within the housing.
[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, the stator is provided with a plurality of coil mounting holes parallel to the axis, each of which houses a stator coil, and the stator coil is helical. The total number of coil mounting holes is a multiple of three, with three adjacent coil mounting holes forming a group. Each group of three coils is connected to a different phase sequence of three-phase alternating current, and the order in which each group of coils is connected to the three-phase alternating current must be the same. The number and location of the coil mounting holes on each stator within the same motor are identical, and after all stators are installed, the axis centers of the coils with the same phase sequence on each stator correspond to the same straight line, or in other words, the coils on the same straight line must be connected to the same phase sequence of the three-phase alternating current.
[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, the rotor is provided with a plurality of magnet mounting holes parallel to the axis, each of which houses a bar-shaped permanent magnet. Adjacent permanent magnets must have opposite NS magnetic polarities when installed. The number and location of the magnet mounting holes on each rotor within the same motor must be identical to the coil mounting holes on the stator. After all rotors are installed, the axis of the permanent magnets on each rotor must be aligned on the same straight line, and the NS magnetic polarity of the permanent magnets on the same straight line must be aligned.
[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the sensors include current sensors, voltage sensors, electric power sensors, torque sensors, gravity sensors, speed sensors, etc.; the controller is electrically connected to the sensors, frequency converter, and stator coils respectively. The controller can monitor the changes in the size of the motor load through the sensors, control the number of stators powered on according to the load size, and control the output power, frequency of the frequency converter and the speed of the motor as needed.
[0008] The advantages of the present invention are: First, when a stator and a rotor are installed, the present invention is equivalent to a working motor; on this basis, each additional stator and rotor combination is equivalent to adding the work of two motors, that is, if two stators and two rotors are installed, it is equivalent to obtaining the working effect of three motors, so the motor has a high power density, a small size, a light weight, a low cost, and good synchronization. Second, when the present invention detects that the motor is starting or the load is decreasing, it can automatically reduce the number of running stators, reduce the starting current of the motor, reduce the no-load power consumption of the motor, and reduce the output power of the inverter to maximize energy saving. Third, when the present invention detects that the load has increased, it can automatically increase the output power of the inverter, increase the number of running stators, and change the frequency to achieve a smooth transition, thereby preventing accidents of motor burnout due to overload. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.
[0010] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the magnetic poles generated by the stator coil and the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet when the multi-stage permanent magnet magnetic disc motor of the present invention is running; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the electrical connections of a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and its control system according to the present invention.
[0011] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1—housing, 11—front cover, 12—rear cover, 2—motor shaft, 3—stator, 301—coil mounting hole, 302—coil, 31—first stator, 32—second stator, 4—rotor, 401—magnet mounting hole, 402—permanent magnet, 41—first rotor, 42—second rotor, 5—sensor, 6—inverter, 7—controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. Terms such as "inner," "outer," "upper," and "lower" indicating positions or states are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0013] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; and direct or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.
[0014] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0016] See attached Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an operating mode of a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and its control system according to the present invention is as follows: when the controller 7 detects through the sensor 5 that the motor is starting or the load is decreasing, it will send a command to the inverter 6 to only power the coil 302 on the first stator 31. At this time, a rotating magnetic field is generated on the first stator 31. When the polarity of the rotating magnetic field generated by the front end (forward in the output shaft direction) of the coil 302 in the first stator 31 is opposite to the polarity of the rear end of the permanent magnet 402 in the first rotor 41, the rotating magnetic field of the first stator 31 will drive the first rotor 41 to rotate, which is equivalent to the power output of a motor.
[0017] Another working mode of the multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and its control system described in the present invention is that when the controller 7 detects that the load is increasing through the sensor 5, it will send an instruction to the inverter 6 to increase the output power to simultaneously power the coils on the first stator 31 and the second stator 32. At this time, the rotating magnetic field generated by the coil 302 in the second stator 32 after being energized is exactly the same as the polarity and speed of the rotating magnetic field generated by the coil 302 of the first stator 31. The polarity of the rear end of the rotating magnetic field generated by the second stator 32 is opposite to the polarity of the front end of the permanent magnet 402 in the first rotor 41, driving the first rotor 41 to rotate is equivalent to adding another motor to work; at the same time, the polarity of the front end of the rotating magnetic field generated by the second stator 32 is opposite to the polarity of the rear end of the permanent magnet 402 in the second rotor 42. Similarly, the rotating magnetic field of the second stator 32 drives the second rotor 42 to rotate, which is equivalent to adding another motor to work. In this way, the permanent magnet disk motor consisting of two stators and two rotors is equivalent to three motors in operation.
[0018] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited in its application to the detailed construction and arrangement of the components set forth herein. The present invention is capable of other embodiments and can be implemented and carried out in a variety of ways. The aforementioned variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the invention disclosed and defined herein extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or evident in the text and / or the drawings. The embodiments described herein illustrate the best mode known for carrying out the invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the invention.
Claims
1. A multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system, comprising a housing, a stator, a rotor, a sensor, a frequency converter, and a controller. The center hole of the stator is circular, each motor has several stators, and all stators are fixed in the casing; the rotor is disc-shaped, each motor has several rotors, and all rotors are fixed on the motor shaft, and the motor shaft is fixed in the casing through the front cover and the rear cover of the casing. The number of stators and the number of rotors can be the same or differ by one, that is, the number of stators can be one more or one less than the number of rotors, and the stators and rotors are arranged in an interval manner in the casing.
2. A multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claim 1, characterized in that include: The stator is provided with a plurality of coil mounting holes parallel to the axis, and a stator coil is installed in each coil mounting hole, and the stator coil is in the shape of a spiral tube; the total number of the coil mounting holes is a multiple of 3, and 3 adjacent coil mounting holes form a group. Each group of 3 coils is connected to different phase sequences of three-phase alternating current, and the order in which each group of coils is connected to the phase sequence of the three-phase alternating current must be the same.
3. A multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that include: The number of coil mounting holes on each stator in the same motor is the same and their position distribution is the same. After all stators are installed, the axis lines of the coils with the same phase sequence on each stator correspond to the same straight line, or in other words, the coils on the same straight line must be connected to the same phase sequence of the three-phase alternating current.
4. A multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claim 1, characterized in that include: The rotor is provided with a plurality of magnet mounting holes parallel to the axis, and a bar-shaped permanent magnet is installed in each magnet mounting hole, wherein the NS magnetic polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets when installed should be opposite.
5. A multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that include: The number and position distribution of the magnet mounting holes on each rotor in the same motor must be the same as the coil mounting holes on the stator. After all rotors are installed, the center lines of the permanent magnets on each rotor correspond to the same straight line. In addition, the NS magnetic polarity directions of the permanent magnets on the same straight line must be the same.
6. The multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claim 1, characterized in that include: The sensors include current sensors, voltage sensors, electric power sensors, torque sensors, gravity sensors, speed sensors, etc. The controller is electrically connected to the sensor, the frequency converter and the stator coil respectively.
7. A multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that include: The controller can monitor the changes in the motor load through sensors, control the number of stators powered on according to the load size, and control the output power, frequency and motor speed of the inverter as needed.
8. The multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claim 1, characterized in that include: The present invention discloses a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and its control system in an operating mode. When the controller detects through a sensor that the motor is starting or the load is decreasing, it will send an instruction to the inverter to only power the coil on the first stator. At this time, a rotating magnetic field will be generated on the first stator. When the polarity of the rotating magnetic field generated by the front end of the coil in the first stator (forward in the output shaft direction) is opposite to the polarity of the rear end of the permanent magnet in the first rotor, the rotating magnetic field of the first stator will drive the first rotor to rotate, which is equivalent to the power output of a motor.
9. The multi-stage permanent magnet disc motor and its control system according to claim 1, characterized in that include: Another working mode of a multi-stage permanent magnet disk motor and its control system described in the present invention is that when the controller detects that the load is increasing through a sensor, it will send an instruction to the inverter to increase the output power to supply power to the coils on the first stator and the second stator at the same time. At this time, the rotating magnetic field generated by the coil in the second stator after energization is exactly the same as the polarity and speed of the rotating magnetic field generated by the first stator coil. The polarity of the rear end of the rotating magnetic field generated by the second stator is opposite to the polarity of the front end of the permanent magnet in the first rotor, driving the first rotor to rotate is equivalent to adding the work of a motor; at the same time, the polarity of the front end of the rotating magnetic field generated by the second stator is opposite to the polarity of the rear end of the permanent magnet in the second rotor. Similarly, the rotating magnetic field of the second stator drives the second rotor to rotate, which is equivalent to adding the work of another motor. In this way, the permanent magnet disk motor composed of two stators and two rotors is equivalent to the work of three motors.