Knitted fabric

Abstract

Provided is a knitted fabric which has excellent wear resistance, has little yarn breakage and weight loss due to wear, and is not susceptible to discoloration and fading. A knitted fabric in which first filaments and second filaments are interwoven, the denier of the second filaments being smaller than the denier of the first filaments, the proportion of the second filaments per unit area on one surface of the knitted fabric being 10-50% in plan view, the proportion of the second filaments being 10-50% in a cut surface obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, and the denier of the second filaments being 10-50% in a cut surface obtained by cutting in the thickness direction. Among all the filaments constituting a cut line A parallel to the surface of the knitted fabric at a depth of 20 [mu] m from the surface of the knitted fabric in the thickness direction, the first filaments account for 90% or more.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a knitted fabric. More specifically, the present invention relates to a knitted fabric having excellent abrasion resistance, little yarn breakage and weight loss due to abrasion, and little discoloration or fading. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in the field of clothing and the like, various knitted fabrics have been studied for achieving both skin-friendly feel and strength (for example, see Patent Document 1).

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 3015174 Summary of the Invention

[0006] However, the knitted fabric described in Patent Document 1 may break its structural filaments due to wear and tear after repeated use, or may become partially thin due to weight loss, or may become whitish and discolored due to accumulation of fiber waste.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of such existing problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a knitted fabric having excellent abrasion resistance, little yarn breakage and weight loss due to abrasion, and being less susceptible to discoloration and fading.

[0008] A form of a woven fabric of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problem is a woven fabric formed by interweaving first filaments and second filaments, wherein the fineness of the second filaments is smaller than the fineness of the first filaments, and when viewed from above, the proportion of the second filaments per unit area of ​​one side is 10% to 50%, and in the cut surface obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, the first filaments account for more than 90% of all the filaments constituting the cutting line A parallel to the surface of the woven fabric at a depth of 20 μm in the thickness direction from the surface of the woven fabric. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] [ Figure 1 ] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of a knitted fabric according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] [ Figure 2 ] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of a conventional knitted fabric.

[0011] [ Figure 3 ] Figure 3 This is an optical microscope photograph of a knitted fabric according to one embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0012] [ Figure 4 ] Figure 4This is an optical microscope photograph of a conventional knitted fabric when viewed from above.

[0013] [ Figure 5 ] Figure 5 This is a SEM (scanning electron microscope) photograph of the braided fabric according to one embodiment of the present invention after the abrasion resistance test, taken in a plan view.

[0014] [ Figure 6 ] Figure 6 This is a SEM (scanning electron microscope) photograph of a conventional knitted fabric after an abrasion resistance test, taken in a plan view.

[0015] [ Figure 7 ] Figure 7 This is an optical microscope photograph of a cross-section obtained by cutting the knitted fabric according to one embodiment of the present invention in the thickness direction.

[0016] [ Figure 8 ] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram for explaining the conditions of the knitted fabric and the friction cloth before the abrasion resistance test.

[0017] [ Figure 9 ] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram for explaining the state of the knitted fabric and the friction cloth after the abrasion resistance test.

[0018] [ Figure 10 ] Figure 10 This is a schematic perspective view of a bending stiffness measurement jig.

[0019] [ Figure 11 ] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bending stiffness measurement jig.

[0020] [ Figure 12 ] Figure 12 This is a schematic perspective view of a state where a bundle of filaments is attached to a bending stiffness measurement jig.

[0021] [ Figure 13 ] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state where a bundle of filaments is attached to a bending stiffness measurement jig.

[0022] [ Figure 14 ] Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the tip of a digital dynamometer is pressed into a bundle of filaments set in a bending stiffness measurement jig. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] <Knitted fabric>

[0024] The braid of this embodiment is a braid formed by interweaving first and second filaments. The fineness of the second filaments is smaller than that of the first filaments. When viewed from above, the proportion of second filaments per unit area on one side is 10% to 50%. In a cross-section obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, of all the filaments forming a cutting line A parallel to the braid surface at a depth of 20 μm from the braid surface in the thickness direction, first filaments account for at least 90%. Each of these is described below.

[0025] (first filament and second filament)

[0026] The braid of the present embodiment is a braid formed by interweaving the first long filament and the second long filament. The fineness of the second long filament is smaller than the fineness of the first long filament. In addition, the first long filament and the second long filament can be monofilaments or multifilaments. That is, when the first long filament is a monofilament, the second long filament can be a monofilament with a fineness smaller than the first long filament, or a multifilament with a fineness smaller than the first long filament. In addition, when the first long filament is a multifilament, the second long filament can be a monofilament with a fineness smaller than the first long filament, or a multifilament with a fineness smaller than the first long filament. The braid of the present embodiment is preferably a monofilament in which the first long filament is a monofilament and the second long filament is a multifilament with a fineness smaller than the first long filament. Below, in the present embodiment, as a suitable example, the situation in which the first long filament is a monofilament and the second long filament is a multifilament with a fineness smaller than the first long filament is illustrated.

[0027] The first filament is not particularly limited, but as an example, the first filament is a monofilament made of a polyester elastomer, a polyurethane elastomer, or the like.

[0028] There is no particular limitation on the polyester elastomer. For example, the polyester elastomer is a thermoplastic rubber elastomer having a polyester structure such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The fiber containing the polyester elastomer may be a fiber consisting solely of the polyester elastomer, or a composite fiber comprising a polyester elastomer and polyester. The composite fiber is a fiber of a core-sheath structure or a fiber of a side-by-side structure. The polyester used in conjunction with the polyester elastomer is polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, or polybutylene terephthalate. In addition, when the fiber containing the polyester elastomer is a fiber of a core-sheath structure, the fiber of the core-sheath structure may be a fiber in which the core portion comprises a polyester elastomer and the sheath portion comprises polyester, or a fiber in which the core portion comprises polyester and the sheath portion comprises a polyester elastomer.

[0029] The first filament is preferably a polyester elastomer, which further improves the stretchability and chemical resistance of the knitted fabric.

[0030] The fineness of the first long filament is as long as larger than the fineness of the second long filament described later.If enumerate an example, then the fineness of the first long filament (monofilament) is preferably more than 100dtex, more preferably more than 300dtex.In addition, the fineness of the first long filament (monofilament) is preferably below 1500dtex, more preferably below 1000dtex.Being in the described range by the fineness of the first long filament, the wear resistance of the braid is excellent.In addition, in the present embodiment, fineness can be calculated as follows: based on Japanese Industrial Standards (Japanese Industrial Standards, JIS) L 1018 (2010) 8.7.1, 25 first long filaments collected from the braid are disassembled, and their length (mm) and mass (mg) are measured.

[0031] The second filament is not particularly limited. For example, the second filament is a multifilament comprising polyester (PET) resin, polypropylene (PP) resin, polyethylene (PE) resin, polyphenylenesulfide (PPS) resin, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) resin, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyketone resin, polyamide resin, or a mixture thereof. The multifilament may be a processed yarn subjected to false twisting or the like, or a spun yarn.

[0032] The single filament fineness of the second filament (multifilament) is not particularly limited. If an example is given, the single filament fineness of the second filament (multifilament) is preferably more than 0.5dtex, more preferably more than 1dtex. In addition, the single filament fineness of the second filament (multifilament) is preferably less than 50dtex, more preferably less than 20dtex. By having the single filament fineness of the second filament be within the described range, the glossy feel or rough feel of the braid is suppressed, and excellent feel and gloss can be shown. In addition, in the present embodiment, the single filament fineness can be calculated by dividing the total fineness described later by the number of filaments. In addition, the number of filaments can be calculated according to the method of JIS L 1013 (1999) 8.4.

[0033] The fineness (total fineness) of the second long filament (multifilament) is as long as smaller than the fineness of the first long filament. If enumerate an example, then the total fineness of the second long filament (multifilament) is preferably more than 25dtex, more preferably more than 100dtex. In addition, the total fineness of the second long filament (multifilament) is preferably below 1000dtex, more preferably below 500dtex. By the total fineness of the second long filament being within the described range, the glossy feeling or the rough feel of the braid are suppressed, and excellent feel and gloss can be demonstrated. In addition, in the present embodiment, the total fineness can be calculated as follows: based on JIS L 1018 (2010) 8.7.1, 25 second long filaments collected from the braid are disassembled, and their length (mm) and mass (mg) are measured.

[0034] Returning to the overall description of the knitted fabric, the knitted fabric of this embodiment is a knitted fabric formed by interweaving the first and second filaments. The knit structure constituting the knitted fabric is not particularly limited. For example, the knit structure may be a plaited knit or a tucked knit, etc., obtained using a knitting machine manufactured by Shima Seiki Co., Ltd. The knitted fabric of this embodiment can be suitably produced by performing a tuck knitting process that incorporates a tuck structure during the plaited knitting.

[0035] The bending hardness of the first filament is preferably more than twice the bending hardness of the second filament, more preferably more than four times. When the relationship between the bending hardness of the first filament and the bending hardness of the second filament is within the above range, the braid maintains moderate softness and has excellent wear resistance. In addition, the bending hardness of the first filament is preferably less than 500mN, more preferably less than 250mN. When the bending hardness of the first filament is within the above range, it can be woven using a general-purpose braiding machine. Furthermore, the bending hardness of the first filament is preferably more than 50mN, more preferably more than 100mN. When the bending hardness of the first filament is within the above range, the load resistance becomes good when the braid is applied to a seat. In addition, the bending hardness of the second filament is preferably less than 500mN, more preferably less than 250mN. When the bending hardness of the second filament is within the above range, it can be woven using a general-purpose braiding machine. In addition, in this embodiment, the bending hardness can be calculated using the method described later.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of the knitted fabric 1 according to the present embodiment. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of a conventional knitted fabric 1a. Figure 3 This is an optical microscope photograph of the knitted fabric 1 according to the present embodiment when viewed from above. Figure 4 This is an optical microscope photograph of a conventional knitted fabric 1a when viewed from above.

[0037] Regarding the existing knitted fabric 1a, for example, in the case of making a knitted product by plating knitting, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the second filament F2 is arranged so as to cover the periphery of the first filament F1. Figure 4 As shown, in this conventional woven fabric 1a, the second filaments F2 (e.g., multifilaments) are arranged so as to cover the first filaments F1 (e.g., monofilaments) when viewed from above. Therefore, when the surface of the woven fabric is abraded, the second filaments F2 are directly damaged by friction, resulting in the breakage of the second filaments F2 (multifilaments), generating fiber waste 2. Figure 6 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the conventional braided fabric 1a after the wear resistance test when viewed from above. Figure 6 As shown, the fiber waste 2 of the second filament F2 is clogged in the portion where the monofilament is broken. In this way, the conventional knitted fabric 1a is prone to discoloration and fading due to the light scattering at the fracture surface.

[0038] On the other hand, Figure 1 As shown, the knitted fabric 1 of this embodiment is configured such that, for example, a tuck stitch is introduced into a knitted fabric knitted with plated yarn, so that the second filament F2 is located on the side of the first filament F1 on one side of the knitted fabric 1. Specifically, in the knitted fabric 1 of this embodiment, the second filament F2 is slightly moved from the knitted fabric surface of the knitted fabric 1 along the periphery of the first filament F1 in the depth direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 Shown, when looking down, the first long filament F1 (for example monofilament) and the second long filament F2 (multifilament) are configured at positions that can observe these two. In addition, in the braid 1 of present embodiment, as mentioned above, the second long filament F2 moves along the periphery of the first long filament F1, does not expose to or hardly exposes to the braid surface. Figure 5 : is a SEM (scanning electron microscope) photograph of the braided fabric 1 of this embodiment after the wear resistance test when viewed from above. Figure 5 As shown, the second filament F2 (multifilament) is not prone to single-filament breakage and is not prone to producing fiber scraps. In this way, the knitted fabric 1 of this embodiment is not prone to fracture surfaces and is therefore not prone to discoloration or fading even when subjected to wear.

[0039] More specifically, regarding the braided fabric of this embodiment, when viewed from above, the proportion of second filaments per unit area on one side is between 10% and 50%. The proportion of second filaments can be at least 10%, and is preferably at least 20%. On the other hand, the proportion of second filaments can be at most 50%, and is preferably at most 35%. If the proportion of second filaments is less than 10%, the fabric tends to have an oily or glossy feel. On the other hand, if the proportion of second filaments exceeds 50%, the fabric tends to break when subjected to wear, resulting in the formation of fiber debris. As a result, the fabric tends to discolor and fade.

[0040] In addition, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the second filament per unit area when viewed from above can be calculated, for example, by image processing a SEM photograph. Specifically, the ratio of the second filament per unit area when viewed from above is obtained by binarizing and opening a SEM photograph taken using a scanning electron microscope (product name: SU-3800, seller name: Hitachi High-Technologies) to calculate the area of ​​the first and second filaments observed when viewed from above, and then calculating the difference from the area of ​​the first filament to calculate the ratio of the second filament.

[0041] In addition, with respect to the woven fabric of this embodiment, in the cut surface obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, of all the filaments constituting the cutting line A parallel to the surface of the woven fabric at a depth of 20 μm from the surface of the woven fabric in the thickness direction (i.e., the cutting line A in the surface direction parallel to the surface of the woven fabric at a depth of 20 μm from the surface of the woven fabric in the thickness direction), the first filaments account for more than 90%. Figure 7 : is a microscope photograph of a cross section obtained by cutting the braided fabric of this embodiment in the thickness direction. Figure 7 The braid of the embodiment shown is embedded and fixed with epoxy resin, and the braid of the embodiment and the epoxy resin form a resin-embedded sample. The detailed method for preparing the resin-embedded sample will be described later, and the method for determining the braid surface in the cross section of the resin-embedded sample will be described. Figure 7 In the example, Sb represents the surface of the resin-embedded sample. When Sb is scanned parallel to the inside of the resin-embedded sample in the thickness direction of the resin-embedded sample, the portion in contact with at least one of the first filament and the second filament is first set as the surface of the braid. Figure 7 In the figure, Sa represents the surface of the fabric. Based on the above, Sb and Sa are parallel. Furthermore, L1 is 20 μm, and L2 is 100 μm. The proportion of first filaments can be at least 90%, and more preferably at least 95%. If the proportion of first filaments in the cut line A is less than 90%, the second filaments are likely to break when the fabric is abraded, resulting in the generation of fiber debris. Consequently, the fabric is prone to discoloration and fading.

[0042] In addition, in this embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown in FIG, the ratio of the first filament among all the filaments constituting the cutting line A in the cross section obtained by cutting along the thickness direction can be calculated by, for example, embedding and fixing the braid with epoxy resin, cutting the cross section with a microtome, and observing the cross section with a microscope. In this case, by mixing about 5% by mass of a white pigment (such as titanium oxide) into the epoxy resin, the filaments constituting the braid and the spaces can be easily distinguished.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, along a cutting line A parallel to the fabric surface at a depth of 20 μm from the fabric surface, the second filaments F2 are virtually absent, while the first filaments F1 account for over 90% of the total. In other words, in the fabric 1 of this embodiment, the second filaments F2 do not overlap the first filaments F1 but are positioned closer to the center of the fabric in the thickness direction than the second filaments F2. As a result, even if the fabric 1 is slightly abraded by friction, the second filaments F2 are less likely to break, and fiber waste is less likely to form. Consequently, the fabric 1 experiences minimal weight loss and is less susceptible to discoloration and fading.

[0044] The knitted fabric of this embodiment can be introduced with tuck knitting. Tuck knitting refers to a knitting method in which, when knitting yarn is supplied to a knitting needle holding a knitting mesh, a new knitting mesh is not formed, but the knitting needle holds the previously formed knitting mesh and the knitting yarn together. This allows for the formation of a normal knitting mesh immediately thereafter. When tuck knitting is applied to a knitted fabric where a front knitted fabric and a back knitted fabric are knitted simultaneously to form a two-layered fabric, the knitting yarn is tucked into the other knitted fabric during the knitting of one knitted fabric, thereby maintaining appropriate softness while connecting the front and back knitted fabrics.

[0045] In addition, the knitted fabric is easily knitted by plating the yarn using the filaments whose bending stiffness of the first filament is more than twice that of the second filament, and applying tuck knitting in a manner that the knitting mesh per unit area is 10% or more. Figure 1 The second filament F2 is arranged on the side of the first filament F1 and is woven in a structural manner. In more detail, the bending stiffness of the first filament is more than twice the bending stiffness of the second filament, so that when weaving the braid, the easily bendable braided mesh of the second filament is more easily deformed than the non-bendable (i.e., stiff) braided mesh of the first filament. There, by applying tuck knitting in a manner that becomes more than 10% of the braided mesh per unit area, the braid introduces the easily bendable second filament into the seam of the front braid and the rear braid, and can be woven in a manner that is not as Figure 2 As shown, the second filament F2 is arranged just above the first filament F1. Figure 1 The knitting is performed so that the second filaments F2 are arranged on the side of the first filaments F1. From this viewpoint, the tuck knitting is more preferably set to 13% or more relative to the knitting mesh per unit area.

[0046] It is preferable that no two tuck stitches are continuous in the wale direction (the length of the fabric). To create two continuous wale stitches, the knitting machine's needles must maintain three filaments. Consequently, the needles may be loaded and bent. In other words, the next stitch in the wale direction of the tuck stitch is preferably knit. Furthermore, the tuck stitch cannot be continuous in the course direction (the width of the fabric). Therefore, the ratio of tuck stitches to the knitting mesh per unit area is preferably 50% or less.

[0047] In addition, regarding the braided fabric of this embodiment, in the cut surface obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, the proportion of second filaments among all the filaments constituting the cutting line B parallel to the surface of the braided fabric at a position 100 μm deep from the cutting line A in the thickness direction is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 20% or more. In addition, the proportion of second filaments among all the filaments constituting the cutting line B is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less. That is, if Figure 7 As shown, the fabric 1 is constructed with a higher concentration of first filaments F1 in the area near the fabric surface (cut line A), while a higher concentration of second filaments F2 is arranged in the deeper area (cut line B) compared to the area near the fabric surface (cut line A). As a result, even if the fabric 1 is slightly abraded by friction, the second filaments F2 are less likely to break, and fiber waste is less likely to form. As a result, the fabric 1 experiences minimal weight loss and is less susceptible to discoloration.

[0048] In addition, in the present embodiment, the wear resistance test can adopt JIS L 1096E method (Martindale method). The wear resistance test (Martindale wear test) is a method for evaluating the wear strength of a braided fabric, in which a test piece (the braided fabric of the present embodiment) is installed on a sample holder of a Martindale wear tester, a standard wear cloth for the Martindale tester (abrasive cloth 1575W (manufactured by JH Hill (JHHeal) Company)) is installed on a friction table of the wear tester, the sample holder is placed thereon, a pressing load (12.0 ± 0.3 kPa) is applied, and friction is performed in multiple directions. In the present embodiment, the number of frictions is 10,000 times. In addition, through this test, in addition to evaluating the wear resistance of the braided fabric, the wear discoloration after the test or the weight change before and after the test are also evaluated.

[0049] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram for explaining the states of the knitted fabric 1 and the friction cloth 3 before the abrasion resistance test. Figure 9 Schematic diagram for explaining the state of the woven fabric 1 and the friction cloth 3 after the wear resistance test. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, when the knitted fabric 1 of this embodiment is subjected to a friction resistance test, the surfaces of the first filaments F1 and the surface of the abrasion cloth 3 slightly abrade. Meanwhile, the second filaments F2 are less likely to come into direct contact with the abrasion cloth 3 during the abrasion resistance test and are less likely to abrade. Therefore, the second filaments F2 are less likely to break, and fiber waste is less likely to be generated. As a result, the knitted fabric 1 experiences minimal weight loss and is less likely to discolor or fade.

[0050] According to the above embodiment, when the woven fabric is viewed from above, the proportion of the second filaments is 10% to 50%. As a result, the woven fabric can exhibit an excellent feel and gloss. In addition, in the cross-section obtained by cutting the woven fabric in the thickness direction, of all the filaments constituting the cutting line A parallel to the woven fabric surface at a depth of 20 μm from the woven fabric surface in the thickness direction, the first filaments account for more than 90%. As a result, even if the woven fabric is subjected to friction and the surface of the woven fabric is slightly worn, the filaments are less likely to break. As a result, the weight loss of the woven fabric is small. In addition, the woven fabric is less likely to produce fiber scraps, which are less likely to accumulate and therefore less likely to discolor or fade.

[0051] The use of the braided fabric of this embodiment is not particularly limited. By changing the yarn structure or weave, the braided fabric of this embodiment can easily change its planar elastic properties and design. Therefore, the braided fabric of this embodiment can be used in various fields, such as various clothing, sports and outdoor equipment, clothing, automobiles, aviation, and industrial materials. In particular, the braided fabric is woven in a seamless manner, making it suitable for use, for example, in the production of vehicle seats, where the main parts are made of three-dimensional woven fabrics instead of urethane foam.

[0052] An embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The present invention is not particularly limited to the embodiment described above. In addition, the embodiment described above mainly describes the invention having the following structure.

[0053] (1) A woven fabric, comprising first filaments and second filaments interwoven together, wherein the second filaments have a fineness smaller than that of the first filaments, wherein the proportion of the second filaments per unit area of ​​one side is 10% to 50% when viewed from above, and wherein, in a cut surface obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, the first filaments account for more than 90% of all the filaments constituting a cut line A extending from the surface of the woven fabric to a depth of 20 μm in the thickness direction and parallel to the surface of the woven fabric.

[0054] With this structure, the proportion of second filaments in the woven fabric, when viewed from above, is 10% to 50%. This results in an excellent feel and gloss. Furthermore, in the cross-section of the woven fabric obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, first filaments account for at least 90% of all the filaments forming the cutting line A at a depth of 20 μm from the surface of the fabric in the thickness direction. This makes it less likely for the woven fabric to break even if the surface is slightly abraded by friction. Consequently, the weight loss of the fabric is minimal. Furthermore, the fabric is less likely to produce fiber scraps, which are less likely to accumulate and, therefore, less likely to discolor or fade.

[0055] (2) The knitted fabric according to (1), wherein the first filament is a monofilament and the second filament is a multifilament.

[0056] This structure allows the fabric to exhibit excellent abrasion resistance due to its inclusion of monofilaments. Furthermore, when viewed from above, the fabric contains multifilaments, with the multifilaments comprising 10% to 50% per unit area on one side. This further reduces any oily or rough feel, resulting in a superior feel and gloss. Furthermore, in a cross-section of the fabric obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, monofilaments account for over 90% of all the filaments forming the cutting line A at a depth of 20 μm from the fabric surface to the thickness direction. In other words, the fabric is composed primarily of monofilaments near the surface, while multifilaments are arranged deeper than this. As a result, even if the fabric is slightly abraded by friction, the multifilaments are less likely to break and produce fiber debris. As a result, the fabric experiences minimal weight loss and is less susceptible to discoloration and fading.

[0057] (3) A woven fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein, in a cut surface obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, the second filament accounts for 15% to 50% of all the filaments constituting the cut line B which is parallel to the surface of the woven fabric and is further from the cut line A to a position 100 μm deep in the thickness direction.

[0058] According to this structure, in a braided fabric, in a cross-section obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, of all the filaments constituting a cutting line A parallel to the braided surface at a depth of 20 μm from the braided surface in the thickness direction, first filaments account for more than 90%. Furthermore, in a braided fabric, of all the filaments constituting a cutting line B parallel to the braided surface at a depth of 100 μm from the cutting line A in the thickness direction, second filaments account for 15% to 50%. That is, the braided fabric is configured so that the first filaments are more abundant in the area close to the braided surface (cutting line A), while the amount of second filaments is increased in the deeper area (cutting line B). Thus, even if the braided fabric is slightly abraded by friction, the second filaments are less likely to break and produce fiber waste. As a result, the braided fabric loses less weight and is less likely to discolor or fade.

[0059] (4) A woven fabric according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the woven fabric comprises a cutting surface obtained by cutting the woven fabric in the thickness direction, wherein the first filament occupies more than 90% of all the filaments constituting the cutting line A at a depth of 20 μm in the thickness direction from the surface of the woven fabric, and the woven fabric comprises more than 10% of tuck stitches per unit area of ​​the woven mesh, and the bending hardness of the first filament is more than twice the bending hardness of the second filament.

[0060] According to this structure, the knitted fabric can maintain appropriate softness while connecting the front and back knitted fabrics.

[0061] (5) The knitted fabric according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the first filament is a polyester-based elastomer.

[0062] According to this structure, the knitted fabric contains the polyester-based elastomer, thereby achieving further excellent abrasion resistance.

[0063] Example

[0064] The present invention will be described in more detail below by way of examples and comparative examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, the values ​​in the table are based on mass %.

[0065] The measurement method used in this example is as follows.

[0066] <First filament fineness (single filament fineness)>

[0067] The single filament fineness is calculated by dividing the total fineness by the number of filaments.

[0068] <Fiber of the second filament (total fineness)>

[0069] The total fineness was calculated by disassembling 25 second filaments collected from the knitted fabric in accordance with JIS L 1018 (2010) 8.7.1 and measuring the length (mm) and mass (mg) thereof.

[0070] <Number of filaments>

[0071] The number of filaments was calculated according to the method of JIS L 1013 (1999) 8.4.

[0072] <Bending rigidity of the first and second filaments>

[0073] Ten first and second filaments, each 10 in length, were collected from the braided fabric. Each filament was cut into 120 mm lengths, and the 10 filaments were bundled together and tied with masking tape (trade name: 243J Plus, sold by 3M Japan Co., Ltd.) at 10 mm intervals from both ends. Figure 10 It is a schematic perspective view of the bending stiffness measuring jig 11 . Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bending stiffness measuring jig 11. The bending stiffness measuring jig 11 includes a base plate 12a and a total of seven guide plates (12b to 12h) erected on the base plate. The bending stiffness measuring jig 11 is a jig for measuring the load required to deform the bundle into a predetermined shape by pressing the top end 14 of a digital dynamometer into the bundle while the bundle of filaments is fixed by three stainless steel rods 13 (diameter 10 mm). The size or spacing of the guide plates of the measuring jig 11, configurations S1 to S9 (also refer to Figure 14 ), and the distance S10 between the tip and the substrate when the tip of the digital dynamometer is pressed (see also Figure 14 ) are described below.

[0074] S1: 3mm

[0075] S2: 30.0mm

[0076] S3: 15.5mm

[0077] S4: 9.0mm

[0078] S5: 10.0mm

[0079] S6: 11.0mm

[0080] S7: 10.0mm

[0081] S8: 20.0mm

[0082] S9: 40.0mm

[0083] S10: 10.0mm

[0084] Figure 12 This is a schematic perspective view of a state where a filament bundle F is attached to a bending stiffness measurement jig 11 . Figure 13 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state where a bundle F of filaments is installed on a bending stiffness measuring jig 11. Figures 12 and 13 As shown, the filament bundle F is placed in the gap between the guide plates (guide plates 12b and 12c, guide plates 12d and 12e, guide plates 12f and 12g), and folded back in a U shape so that the top end touches the guide plate 12h. Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the tip portion 14 of the digital dynamometer is pressed into the bundle F of filaments set in the bending stiffness measuring jig 11. Figure 13 The status shown changes to Figure 14 In the state shown, a digital dynamometer (product name: FGP-0.5, sold by Nidec Shimpo Co., Ltd., not shown) with an extension rod and a flat attachment (8.0 mm diameter) attached to the tip 14 was used to press the filament F downward at a speed of 100 mm / min. The load at this time was determined. This measurement was repeated five times, and the average value was used as the filament bending stiffness.

[0085] <Ratio of the second filaments per unit area of ​​one side in plan view>

[0086] It is calculated by image processing of the SEM photograph of one side of the braid. Specifically, a scanning electron microscope (product name: SU-3800, seller name: Hitachi High-Technologies (Hitachi High-Technologies) (stock)) is used to shoot a secondary electron image of 1280×960 pixels with an acceleration voltage of 1kV, a working distance of 20mm, and a magnification of 20 times. After the binarization process is implemented, the area is totaled to obtain the proportion of the first filament and the second filament in the image. Then, using the same secondary electron image, an open operation (compression, expansion) process is performed under the condition of 15 pixels after the binarization process, and the second filament thinner than the first filament is removed from the processed image. Thereafter, the area is totaled, and the total area ratio of the first filament obtained later is subtracted from the total area ratio of the first filament and the second filament obtained before, and the ratio of the second filament when viewed from above is calculated. The above-mentioned measurement was performed on one side and the opposite side of 20 samples randomly collected from the knitted fabric, and the average value of each side was defined as the ratio of the second filaments per unit area of ​​the one side in plan view.

[0087] <In the cross-section obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, the ratio of the first filaments among all the filaments constituting the cutting line A parallel to the woven fabric surface at a depth of 20 μm from the woven fabric surface in the thickness direction, and the ratio of the second filaments among all the filaments constituting the cutting line B parallel to the woven fabric surface at a depth of 100 μm further from the cutting line A in the thickness direction>

[0088] 1g each of Part A and Part B of an epoxy resin (Bond Quick (registered trademark) 5, sold by Konishi Co., Ltd.) was extruded onto the release surface of a silicone release film (product name: #38 Cerapeel (registered trademark) WZ, sold by Toray Film Processing Co., Ltd.). 0.04g of titanium oxide pigment (TIPAQUE R-930, sold by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed for 30 seconds using an attached spatula. A 20mm square knitted fabric sample, randomly collected from the knitted fabric within 1 minute, was then placed face down on the epoxy resin. The silicone release film was then placed over the sample and the mixture was sandwiched between 3mm thick float glass plates. A load of 2.5kg was applied and the mixture was embedded and fixed for 45 minutes. Afterwards, the silicone release film was peeled off and the center of the woven fabric was cut into 10 mm squares to obtain a resin-embedded sample. The resin-embedded sample was then cut using a microtome, and its cross section was cut out and observed using a microscope. The surface of the resin-embedded sample prepared by the above method was flat, and the surface of the resin-embedded sample in its cross section was as follows. Figure 7 Shown as a straight line.

[0089] <Tuck knitting ratio>

[0090] Five samples were randomly collected from the knitted fabric and observed under a microscope. The tuck ratio was calculated by dividing the number of tucks per 1-inch square by the total number of knitted meshes.

[0091] <Abrasion resistance (weight change)>

[0092] From the braid, 2 test pieces of 38mm diameter are randomly collected. Next, based on JIS L 1096E method (Martindale method), 10,000 wear tests are carried out using a Martindale tester with a pressing load of 12kPa. The weight of the test piece is measured before and after the wear test, and the weight loss (mg) after the early wear test is determined. Here, "the weight loss after the wear of the braid" refers to the average value of the weight loss of 2 test pieces. Here, the average value of the weight loss after the calculated wear is 10mg or less in 2 stages, and the situation is judged as ○, and the situation is judged as ×.

[0093] <Abrasion resistance (discoloration and fading)>

[0094] The samples before and after the abrasion test were evaluated using the gray scale for discoloration and fading of JIS L 0804:2004 in nine stages from 5 to 1.

[0095] <Example 1>

[0096] Using "Hytrel" (registered trademark), a flame-retardant polyester elastomer, a first filament (monofilament) was prepared that was dyed black with a spun dye and a single-filament fineness of 760 dtex. The bending stiffness of the first filament was 181 mN. In addition, a second filament (multifilament) comprising polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber was prepared that was dyed black with a spun dye and a single-filament fineness of 3.5 dtex and a total fineness of 334 dtex. The bending stiffness of the second filament was less than 20 mN. The first and second filaments were used for plating knitting. Plating knitting was performed using a computerized flat knitting machine (product name: SSG122SC-12G, seller: Shima Seiki Co., Ltd.) using two yarn carriers. In addition, the program was designed and the knitting was adjusted so that the ratio of tuck knitting would be 25%, and the knitted fabric of Example 1 was produced.

[0097] <Example 2>

[0098] A knitted fabric of Example 2 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the single yarn fineness of the first filament was changed to 610 dtex.

[0099] <Example 3>

[0100] A knitted fabric of Example 3 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the second filament was changed to a PET fiber having a single filament fineness of 3.5 dtex and a total fineness of 660 dtex.

[0101] <Example 4>

[0102] A knitted fabric of Example 4 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio would be 50%.

[0103] <Example 5>

[0104] A knitted fabric of Example 5 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio was 17%.

[0105] <Example 6>

[0106] A knitted fabric of Example 6 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio was 13%.

[0107] <Comparative Example 1>

[0108] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 1 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio was 0%, that is, no tuck was performed.

[0109] Comparative Example 2

[0110] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 2 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that plating knitting was performed instead of plating knitting.

[0111] Comparative Example 3

[0112] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 3 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that polyethylene terephthalate (PET, single yarn fineness 3.5 dtex, total fineness 334 dtex) was used as a multifilament as the first filament and the second filament.

[0113] <Comparative Example 4>

[0114] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 4 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio was 6%.

[0115] <Comparative Example 5>

[0116] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 5 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio would be 3%.

[0117] <Comparative Example 6>

[0118] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 6 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio was 2%.

[0119] <Comparative Example 7>

[0120] A knitted fabric of Comparative Example 7 was produced by the same method as in Example 1, except that the program design and knitting adjustment were performed so that the tuck knitting ratio would be 1%.

[0121] For the woven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the "proportion of the second filaments per unit area of ​​one side when viewed from above", "the proportion of the first filaments among all the filaments constituting the cutting line A parallel to the surface of the woven fabric at a depth of 20 μm from the surface of the woven fabric in the thickness direction, and the proportion of the second filaments among all the filaments constituting the cutting line B parallel to the surface of the woven fabric at a depth of 100 μm from the cutting line A in the thickness direction", "abrasion resistance (weight change)" and "abrasion resistance (discoloration and fading)" were evaluated.

[0122] The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] As shown in Table 1, the knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention showed little weight change after the abrasion resistance test and exhibited excellent abrasion resistance. Furthermore, the knitted fabrics of Examples 1 to 6 were rated at level 3 to 4 or higher for discoloration and fading, indicating a low likelihood of discoloration and fading.

[0126] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the knitted fabrics of Examples 1, 4, 5, and 6 of the present invention are designed to have a tuck ratio within an appropriate range compared to the knitted fabrics of Comparative Examples 4, 5, and 6. When viewed from above, the ratio of the second filaments per unit area of ​​one surface is 10% to 50%. In a cross-section obtained by cutting along the thickness direction, the first filaments account for 90% or more of all the filaments constituting the cutting line A, which is parallel to the knitted fabric surface and extends from the knitted fabric surface to a depth of 20 μm in the thickness direction. This results in the knitted fabric having superior abrasion resistance.

[0127] Explanation of Figure Numbers

[0128] 1.1a: Braid

[0129] 2: lint

[0130] 3: Friction cloth

[0131] 11: Bending stiffness test fixture

[0132] 12a: Baseboard

[0133] 12b~12h: Guide plate

[0134] 13: Stainless steel rod

[0135] 14: Top

[0136] A, B: Cutting line

[0137] F: bundle of filaments

[0138] F1: first filament

[0139] F2: Second filament

[0140] L1: indicates a line with a depth of 20 μm

[0141] L2: indicates a line with a depth of 100 μm

[0142] Sa: woven surface

[0143] Sb: resin embedded sample surface

Claims

1. A braided fabric comprising a first filament and a second filament interwoven together. The second filament has a fineness smaller than that of the first filament, When viewed from above, the ratio of the second filaments per unit area on one side is 10% to 50%. In a cut surface obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, the first filaments account for 90% or more of all filaments constituting a cutting line A parallel to the knitted surface at a depth of 20 μm from the knitted surface in the thickness direction.

2. The braid according to claim 1, wherein: The first filament is a monofilament, The second filament is a multifilament.

3. The braid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: In the cut surface obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, the second filaments account for 15% to 50% of all filaments constituting the cutting line B parallel to the knitted fabric surface at a position 100 μm deep from the cutting line A in the thickness direction.

4. The braid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: In a cross section obtained by cutting in the thickness direction, a cross section extending from the surface of the knitted fabric to a depth of 20 μm in the thickness direction and parallel to the cutting line A of the knitted fabric surface, in which the first filament occupies 90% or more of all the filaments constituting the cutting line A, contains 10% or more of tuck stitches per knitting mesh per unit area; The bending hardness of the first filament is more than twice the bending hardness of the second filament.

5. The braid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first filament is a polyester elastomer.

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