An energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment and a method for recovering sodium sulfate.

Abstract

This invention provides an energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing and a method for recovering sodium sulfate. It relates to the field of energy-saving grinding technology and includes a base plate, a support frame, a drive mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and grinding components. The support frame is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate. The drive mechanism includes a mounting frame, a positioning plate, and a grinding motor. The mounting frame is bolted to the upper surface of the support frame. The positioning plate is fixed inside the mounting frame. The grinding motor is bolted to the inside of the positioning plate. A ratchet is connected to the bottom output shaft of the grinding motor via a keyway. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame and outside the ratchet. This invention converts the inertial kinetic energy generated during the grinding motor's shutdown or deceleration (mainly from revolution / rotation, the rotational inertia of the grinding tank, grinding media, and materials) into electrical energy through the grinding motor, which is then recovered and utilized through an energy storage or feedback device, ultimately achieving energy saving in motor grinding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy-saving grinding technology, and in particular to an energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment and a method for recovering sodium sulfate. Background Technology

[0002] Commercial graphite mixed with urea can be ground to make graphite electrodes. In common lithium salt production processes, such as lithium carbonate production, after obtaining lithium carbonate products through precipitation, a large amount of lithium precipitation mother liquor is generated. After further extraction to recover lithium from the lithium precipitation mother liquor, the remaining lithium extraction liquid mainly contains a large amount of sodium sulfate, a small amount of potassium sulfate, and trace amounts of lithium ions and other impurities. The common way to treat the lithium extraction liquid is to evaporate the water, crystallize it, and sell it as waste. This not only generates a large evaporation cost, but also the crystals contain a large amount of sodium, and selling it directly as waste wastes resources.

[0003] The graphite electrodes made by grinding are used for the electrolytic separation and extraction of sodium sulfate from the lithium extraction solution. Therefore, the grinding of graphite in the graphite electrode is crucial. The grinding of commercial graphite and urea requires a reasonable grinding method that takes into account the material characteristics (high hardness of graphite and easy moisture absorption of urea) and the requirements for uniform mixing.

[0004] However, in existing technologies, due to the high hardness of graphite, the motor speed is often high during the grinding process. When the grinding is completed and the motor stops, due to the inertia of the medium, the motor will rotate for a period of time during the deceleration process from high speed to low speed. Therefore, the kinetic energy generated by the rotation cannot be well utilized, resulting in energy waste. In addition, the motor consumes the most electricity when starting up, which is not conducive to energy-saving grinding.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing and a method for recovering sodium sulfate to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing and a method for recovering sodium sulfate, which solves the technical problems of traditional grinding methods that waste a lot of kinetic energy and have poor energy efficiency when the motor is working.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing, comprising a base plate, a support frame, a drive mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and grinding components;

[0008] The support frame is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate. The drive mechanism includes a mounting frame, a positioning plate, and a grinding motor. The mounting frame is bolted to the upper surface of the support frame. The positioning plate is fixed inside the mounting frame. The grinding motor is bolted to the inside of the positioning plate. A ratchet is connected to the bottom output shaft of the grinding motor via a keyway. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame and outside the ratchet. A spring ratchet tooth is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring. A drive pulley is connected to the bottom shaft center of the rotating ring via a keyway.

[0009] The rotating mechanism includes a mounting base, a drive gear, and a driven pulley. The mounting base is fixed to the upper surface of the support frame. The drive gear is rotatably connected to the inner shaft of the mounting base. The driven pulley is connected to the drive gear shaft via a keyway. A belt is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven pulley and the drive pulley. Four linkage gears are meshed on the outer wall of the drive gear. Each of the four linkage gear shafts is connected to a key rod via a keyway. The top of each of the four key rods is rotatably connected to a main turntable.

[0010] The grinding assembly includes four grinding jars, four sub-rotary disks, and four positioning disks. The four sub-rotary disks are keyway connected to the top of the four key rods. The four positioning disks are mounted above the four sub-rotary disks. The four grinding jars are placed on the upper surface of the four positioning disks.

[0011] The grinding motor is electrically connected to a PLC, a motor controller, a bidirectional converter, a temperature measurement module, and an energy storage module via wires. The temperature measurement module is electrically connected to the PLC, and the bidirectional converter is electrically connected to the energy storage module via wires.

[0012] Preferably, the grinding motor, bidirectional converter, and energy storage module are electrically connected in series, the motor controller, PLC, and grinding motor are electrically connected in parallel, and the PLC, temperature measuring module, and grinding motor are electrically connected in series.

[0013] Preferably, the ratchet and the spring ratchet mesh with each other, and the shafts of the drive pulley and the driven pulley are rotatably connected to the support frame via bearings.

[0014] Preferably, the drive gear is rotatably connected to the shaft of the mounting base, the four linkage gears are meshed with the internal gear ring, the four linkage gears are equidistantly distributed in a ring about the shaft of the drive gear, and the main turntable is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting base.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning disk has a sliding groove inside, a positioning block is installed inside the sliding groove, a fastening bolt is threaded inside the positioning block, a slider is slidably connected inside the sliding groove and on one side of the positioning block, a guide wheel is rotatably connected inside the slider, and a return spring is fixed on the opposite side of the slider and the positioning block.

[0016] Side plates are fixed on the upper surface of the positioning plate and on both sides of the grinding jar. A fixing plate is installed inside the side plate. A stabilizing screw is threadedly connected to the middle position of the fixing plate. A nut is threadedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing plate and on the outer wall of the stabilizing screw. A clamping plate is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the stabilizing screw and on the top of the grinding jar.

[0017] Two guide rails are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate, and a protective cover is slidably connected to the top of the two guide rails.

[0018] Preferably, the outer wall of the guide wheel is in contact with the outer wall of the grinding tank, the bottom end of the fastening bolt extends to the bottom of the groove, and the cross-section of the slider is T-shaped.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes auxiliary mechanisms;

[0020] The auxiliary mechanism includes a first gear, a movable frame, and a mounting cover. The first gear is keyway connected to the top output shaft of the grinding motor. A top plate is bolted to the top of the mounting frame. The movable frame is mounted above the top plate. The mounting cover is fixed to the upper surface of the movable frame. A sliding plate is fixed to the lower surface of the movable frame. A limiting plate is fixed to the upper surface of the support frame and located on one side of the mounting frame. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the limiting plate. A connecting plate is fixed to the outer end of the sliding rod. An adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate.

[0021] A fourth gear is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the movable frame and inside the mounting cover. A rotating shaft is connected to the keyway at the center of the fourth gear, and a third gear is connected to the keyway at the top of the rotating shaft.

[0022] A fixed frame is fixed on the upper surface of the movable frame, and a feeding cylinder is fixed inside the fixed frame. A feeding screw is rotatably connected inside the feeding cylinder, and a second gear is connected to the keyway at the outer end of the feeding screw. Two flexible hoses are installed above the feeding cylinder.

[0023] Preferably, the slide plate and the top plate are slidably connected, the connecting plate and the movable frame are fixedly connected, and the adjusting screw and the limiting plate are threadedly connected.

[0024] The outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft center of the mounting cover, the second gear and the third gear mesh with each other, and the first gear and the fourth gear are adapted to each other.

[0025] The method for recovering sodium sulfate includes the following steps:

[0026] S1; Preparation of modified graphite: Commercial graphite and urea are mixed, ground evenly, and then calcined in a tube furnace under an argon atmosphere to obtain nitrogen-doped graphite. The grinding process needs to be completed in the grinding component 6.

[0027] The graphite and urea are mixed in a ratio of 0.5:1 to 3:1. Grind thoroughly at 500 r / min for 2 hours. The calcination temperature in the tube furnace is 300-1000℃ and the calcination time is 30-300 min.

[0028] S2: Electrode preparation: Modified graphite is dispersed in ethanol and a binder is added. The mixture is ultrasonically dispersed until uniform. After washing and drying the nickel foam, the above graphite dispersion is dropped onto the surface of the nickel foam. After drying, it is compacted using a tablet press.

[0029] The ratio of modified graphite to binder is 20:1-5:1, and the dispersion mass of modified graphite on the nickel foam surface is 10-200 mg / cm³. 2 ;

[0030] S3; Assembly of the electrolysis system: A modified graphite electrode is used as the working electrode, a calomel electrode is used as the reference electrode, and a platinum sheet electrode is used as the counter electrode to assemble a three-electrode system. The lithium extraction solution is used as the electrolyte and connected to an electrochemical workstation. The potassium and sodium concentrations of the lithium precipitation mother liquor are 9.3 g / L and 67.5 g / L, respectively.

[0031] S4: Electrolysis process: After setting the working voltage, the degree of electrolysis is controlled by controlling the electrolysis time, which is 5-60 minutes.

[0032] S5: Sodium sulfate recovery: After electrolysis, collect the electrolyte and evaporate and crystallize to obtain high-purity sodium sulfate.

[0033] Compared with related technologies, the energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment and the sodium sulfate recovery method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0034] Based on the principle of "safe braking first, energy efficient recovery second", this solution selects suitable motors, converters and supercapacitors, and uses the process of "motor power generation → power conversion → energy storage / feedback → reuse" to achieve energy closed loop by combining the inertial characteristics of grinding and braking scenarios, and with the help of PLC control logic. For batch operation of graphite grinding, this solution can reduce the total energy consumption.

[0035] By improving the energy efficiency of the grinding motor, the recovered electrical energy is mainly used during the motor's startup phase (when energy consumption is highest, approximately 1.5-2 times the rated power) or low-load operation phase.

[0036] The core is to convert the inertial kinetic energy generated during the stopping or deceleration of the grinding motor (mainly from the rotation / revolution of the grinding tank, grinding media and materials) into electrical energy through the grinding motor, and then recover and utilize it through energy storage or feedback devices, ultimately achieving energy saving in motor grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optimal structure for the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a side view structural diagram provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the drive mechanism.

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at point A is shown below;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a bottom view of the support frame structure.

[0043] Figure 6 A bottom view of the rotating mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and fit of the rotating mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the grinding assembly.

[0046] Figure 9 The energy-saving working process diagram of the grinding motor provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary mechanism structure provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the feeding cylinder and mounting cover.

[0049] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0050] 1. Base plate;

[0051] 2. Guide rail; 3. Protective cover;

[0052] 4. Drive mechanism; 41. Mounting bracket; 42. Positioning plate; 43. Top plate; 44. Grinding motor; 45. Ratchet; 46. Rotary ring; 47. Spring ratchet; 48. Drive pulley.

[0053] 5. Rotating mechanism; 51. Driven pulley; 52. Belt; 53. Mounting base; 54. Internal gear ring; 55. Linkage gear; 56. Main turntable; 57. Drive gear; 58. Key rod.

[0054] 6. Grinding assembly; 61. Sub-rotary turntable; 62. Positioning plate; 63. Slide groove; 64. Positioning block; 65. Fastening bolt; 66. Slider; 67. Guide wheel; 68. Return spring; 69. Side plate; 610. Fixing plate; 611. Grinding jar; 612. Stabilizing screw; 613. Nut; 614. Clamping plate.

[0055] 7. Auxiliary mechanism; 71. First gear; 72. Moving frame; 73. Slide plate; 74. Mounting cover; 75. Limiting plate; 76. Slide rod; 77. Adjusting screw; 78. Connecting plate; 79. Fixed frame; 710. Feeding cylinder; 711. Hose; 712. Second gear; 713. Third gear; 714. Fourth gear; 715. Rotating shaft; 716. Feeding screw;

[0056] 8. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] This invention provides an energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing and a method for recovering sodium sulfate.

[0059] First embodiment:

[0060] Please combine Figures 1 to 9 An energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing includes a base plate 1, a support frame 8, a drive mechanism 4, a rotating mechanism 5, and a grinding assembly 6.

[0061] The support frame 8 is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 1. The drive mechanism 4 includes a mounting frame 41, a positioning plate 42, and a grinding motor 44. The mounting frame 41 is bolted to the upper surface of the support frame 8. The positioning plate 42 is fixed inside the mounting frame 41. The grinding motor 44 is bolted to the inside of the positioning plate 42. The bottom output shaft of the grinding motor 44 is keyway connected to a ratchet 45. A rotating ring 46 is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame 41 and outside the ratchet 45. A spring ratchet tooth 47 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 46. A drive pulley 48 is keyway connected to the bottom shaft center of the rotating ring 46.

[0062] Preferably, the grinding motor 44 can be a dual-head permanent magnet synchronous motor (with encoder), which supports four-quadrant operation and has a power generation efficiency of ≥90%.

[0063] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The grinding motor 44 rotates counterclockwise, which synchronously drives the ratchet 45 to rotate counterclockwise. This causes the ratchet 45 to rotate counterclockwise, which in turn affects the control spring ratchet 47 to control the rotating ring 46 to rotate within the mounting bracket 41. When the rotating ring 46 rotates, it drives the pulley 48 to rotate synchronously.

[0064] The rotating mechanism 5 includes a mounting base 53, a drive gear 57, and a driven pulley 51. The mounting base 53 is fixed on the upper surface of the support frame 8. The drive gear 57 is rotatably connected to the inner shaft of the mounting base 53. The driven pulley 51 is connected to the driven pulley 51 via a keyway at the shaft of the drive gear 57. A belt 52 is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven pulley 51 and the drive pulley 48. Four linkage gears 55 are meshed on the outer wall of the drive gear 57. A key rod 58 is connected to the shaft of each of the four linkage gears 55 via a keyway. A main turntable 56 is rotatably connected to the top of each of the four key rods 58.

[0065] The grinding assembly 6 includes four grinding jars 611, four sub-rotary disks 61 and four positioning disks 62. The four sub-rotary disks 61 are all keyway connected to the top of the four key rods 58. The four positioning disks 62 are all installed above the four sub-rotary disks 61. The four grinding jars 611 are all placed on the upper surface of the four positioning disks 62.

[0066] Please see Figure 5 When the drive pulley 48 rotates, the drive belt 52 can drive the driven pulley 51 to rotate within the support frame 8;

[0067] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 When the driven pulley 51 rotates, it will affect the rotation of the drive gear 57. When the drive gear 57 rotates, it will mesh with and control the four linkage gears 55 around it to rotate. Since the linkage gears 55 mesh with the internal gear ring 54, the linkage gears 55 are affected by the meshing rotation of the drive gear 57 and mesh with the inner wall of the internal gear ring 54 to achieve transmission. Thus, during the rotation of the drive gear 57, it can drive the four linkage gears 55 along the axis of the internal gear ring 54, which can both revolve and rotate on their own axis. This allows the four key rods 58 to rotate within the main turntable 56, and the main turntable 56 can also rotate as a whole.

[0068] The grinding motor 44 is electrically connected to a PLC, a motor controller, a bidirectional converter, a temperature measurement module, and an energy storage module via wires. The temperature measurement module is electrically connected to the PLC, and the bidirectional converter is electrically connected to the energy storage module via wires.

[0069] The grinding motor 44, the bidirectional converter, and the energy storage module are electrically connected in series. The motor controller, the PLC, and the grinding motor 44 are electrically connected in parallel. The PLC, the temperature measuring module, and the grinding motor 44 are electrically connected in series.

[0070] The ratchet 45 and the spring ratchet 47 mesh with each other, and the shafts of the drive pulley 48 and the driven pulley 51 are rotatably connected to the support frame 8 through bearings.

[0071] The drive gear 57 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 53 at its axis, the four linkage gears 55 are meshed with the internal gear ring 54, the four linkage gears 55 are equidistantly distributed in a ring about the axis of the drive gear 57, and the main turntable 56 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting base 53.

[0072] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0073] S1: Commercial graphite and urea grinding;

[0074] During grinding, the user starts the grinding motor 44 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotating grinding motor 44 drives the ratchet 45, which affects the rotating ring 46 to control the drive pulley 48 to drive the driven pulley 51 to rotate. When the driven pulley 51 rotates, it can drive the drive gear 57 to drive the linkage gear 55 to control the key lever 58 to rotate within the main turntable 56. At the same time, the main turntable 56 rotates as a whole.

[0075] S2: Key rod 58 drives the secondary turntable 61 to control the positioning plate 62, which affects the grinding tank 611 to form planetary motion. It can revolve around the sun or rotate on its own axis. It drives the grinding of commercial graphite and urea mixture in the grinding tank 611. The ratio of graphite to urea is 0.5:1 to 3:1. The grinding is carried out at 500 r / min for 2 hours.

[0076] S3: Braking signal triggering and state switching;

[0077] When grinding is completed (e.g., when the PLC receives a "grinding time is up" signal) or the operator presses the "stop" button, the PLC sends a "braking command" to the motor controller (e.g., a vector frequency converter) and simultaneously locks the drive of the grinding tank 611.

[0078] The motor controller immediately switches the grinding motor 44 from "electric mode" (electric energy → mechanical energy) to "power generation mode" (mechanical energy → electrical energy): At this time, the grinding tank 611 and the medium continue to rotate due to inertia, driving the rotor of the grinding motor 44 to rotate, cutting the stator magnetic field to generate induced electromotive force (alternating current), realizing the initial conversion of "kinetic energy → electrical energy".

[0079] S4: Power conversion and voltage regulation;

[0080] In generator mode, the grinding motor 44 outputs variable frequency AC power (the voltage and frequency decrease as the speed decreases, such as 380V / 50Hz when the initial speed is 500r / min, and may drop to 100V / 10Hz when the speed drops to 100r / min), which needs to be processed by a bidirectional converter (including a rectifier bridge and a DC / DC converter).

[0081] First, the AC power is converted to DC power by a rectifier bridge (e.g., 380V AC power → 520V DC power).

[0082] Then, the unstable DC power is regulated to the rated voltage of the energy storage module (such as the rated voltage of 200V for a supercapacitor) by a DC / DC converter to avoid damage to the energy storage components due to voltage fluctuations.

[0083] This embodiment

[0084] Based on the principle of "safe braking first, energy efficient recovery second", this solution selects suitable motors, converters and supercapacitors, and uses the process of "motor power generation → power conversion → energy storage / feedback → reuse" to achieve energy closed loop by combining the inertial characteristics of grinding and braking scenarios, and with the help of PLC control logic. For batch operation of graphite grinding, this solution can reduce the total energy consumption.

[0085] By improving the energy efficiency of the grinding motor 44, the recovered electrical energy is mainly used during the start-up phase (when energy consumption is highest, about 1.5-2 times the rated power) or low-load operation phase of the grinding motor 44. The core is to convert the inertial kinetic energy generated during the shutdown or deceleration of the grinding motor 44 (mainly from the revolution / rotation, the rotational inertia of the grinding tank 611, the grinding medium and the material) into electrical energy through the grinding motor 44, and then recover and reuse it through energy storage or feedback devices, ultimately achieving energy saving in motor grinding.

[0086] Second embodiment:

[0087] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 8The positioning disk 62 has a sliding groove 63 inside, and a positioning block 64 is installed inside the sliding groove 63. A fastening bolt 65 is threaded inside the positioning block 64. A slider 66 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove 63 and on one side of the positioning block 64. A guide wheel 67 is rotatably connected inside the slider 66. A return spring 68 is fixed on the opposite side of the slider 66 and the positioning block 64.

[0088] Side plates 69 are fixedly provided on the upper surface of the positioning disk 62 and on both sides of the grinding jar 611. A fixing plate 610 is installed inside the side plate 69. A stabilizing screw 612 is threadedly connected to the middle position of the fixing plate 610. A nut 613 is threadedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing plate 610 and on the outer wall of the stabilizing screw 612. A clamping plate 614 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the stabilizing screw 612 and on the top of the grinding jar 611.

[0089] Two guide rails 2 are fixedly provided on the upper surface of the base plate 1, and a protective cover 3 is slidably connected to the top of the two guide rails 2.

[0090] The outer wall of the guide wheel 67 fits against the outer wall of the grinding jar 611, the bottom end of the fastening bolt 65 extends to the bottom of the groove 63, and the cross-section of the slider 66 is T-shaped.

[0091] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0092] S1: Before grinding, the user needs to position and clamp the grinding jar 611 on the positioning plate 62. Before positioning, the bottom end of the grinding jar 611 needs to be aligned with the guide wheel 67. After alignment, the user should press down on the grinding jar 611. At this time, the guide wheel 67 is subjected to downward pressure and the return spring 68 is compressed through the slider 66, thereby realizing the automatic centering and positioning of the grinding jar 611 by the guide wheel 67.

[0093] S2: After positioning, grinding balls, commercial graphite and urea need to be placed inside the grinding tank 611. Close the tank lid, insert the fixing plate 610 into the side plate 69, and finally rotate the stabilizing screw 612 to drive the clamping plate 614 to clamp the grinding tank 611 and lock the grinding tank 611 on the positioning plate 62. In this way, the grinding tank 611 is filled with materials.

[0094] This embodiment

[0095] By automatically centering and positioning the grinding jar 611, the problems of center of gravity shift of the grinding jar 611 and speed fluctuation of the main turntable 56 and the auxiliary turntable 61 can be solved. It can avoid the asymmetrical centrifugal force generated during rotation, avoid overall equipment vibration, and when rotating in balance, each grinding jar 611 is subjected to the same force. The movement trajectory of the grinding balls (dropping, impacting, rolling) is more regular, the grinding intensity and frequency uniformity of the material are improved, and the uniform force reduces the ineffective movement of the grinding balls (such as disordered collisions and idling). The energy is more concentratedly converted into the crushing / grinding work of the material.

[0096] By achieving rotational balance and uniform force, vibration loss, friction loss, ineffective grinding energy consumption, and additional energy consumption for equipment maintenance and dynamic adjustment can be reduced, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency and achieving mechanical energy saving. The actual output power of the motor is closer to the "effective grinding power".

[0097] Third embodiment:

[0098] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 It also includes auxiliary mechanisms 7;

[0099] The auxiliary mechanism 7 includes a first gear 71, a movable frame 72, and a mounting cover 74. The first gear 71 is keyway connected to the top output shaft of the grinding motor 44. A top plate 43 is bolted to the top of the mounting frame 41. The movable frame 72 is mounted above the top plate 43. The mounting cover 74 is fixed to the upper surface of the movable frame 72. A sliding plate 73 is fixed to the lower surface of the movable frame 72. A limiting plate 75 is fixed to the upper surface of the support frame 8 and located on one side of the mounting frame 41. A sliding rod 76 is slidably connected inside the limiting plate 75. A connecting plate 78 is fixed to the outer end of the sliding rod 76. An adjusting screw 77 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate 78.

[0100] The upper surface of the movable frame 72 and inside the mounting cover 74 is rotatably connected to a fourth gear 714. The pivot of the fourth gear 714 is connected to a rotating shaft 715 via a keyway. The top of the rotating shaft 715 is connected to a third gear 713 via a keyway.

[0101] A fixed frame 79 is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the movable frame 72. A feeding cylinder 710 is fixedly provided inside the fixed frame 79. A feeding screw 716 is rotatably connected inside the feeding cylinder 710. A second gear 712 is connected to the keyway at the outer end of the feeding screw 716. Two flexible hoses 711 are installed above the feeding cylinder 710.

[0102] Please see Figure 10 In the operation of the first embodiment, when the grinding motor 44 rotates clockwise, the ratchet 45 will not affect the rotation of the ring 46, so the rotating mechanism 5 will not rotate. Therefore, the clockwise rotation of the grinding motor 44 will control the first gear 71 to rotate on the top plate 43.

[0103] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0104] S1: Open the grinding tank 611, start the grinding motor 44 and control the first gear 71 to rotate slowly clockwise. The user rotates the adjusting screw 77, which can drive the connecting plate 78 to move to the left along the horizontal direction of the limiting plate 75. During the movement, the connecting plate 78 pushes the moving frame 72 to move along the horizontal direction of the top plate 43.

[0105] S2: When moving, the fourth gear 714 will stably contact the slowly rotating first gear 71. At this time, the first gear 71 and the fourth gear 714 mesh to control the fourth gear 714 to complete the drive rotation. At the same time, when the moving frame 72 moves, the outlet position of the feeding cylinder 710 moves synchronously to the top of the grinding tank 611.

[0106] S3: When the fourth gear 714 drives to rotate, it will drive the third gear 713 to mesh and control the second gear 712 to rotate through the shaft 715. When the second gear 712 rotates, it can drive the feeding screw 716 to rotate and mix and transport the graphite and urea lowered into the hose 711 into the grinding tank 611, thus achieving automatic auxiliary feeding.

[0107] The sliding plate 73 and the top plate 43 are slidably connected, the connecting plate 78 and the movable frame 72 are fixedly connected, and the adjusting screw 77 and the limiting plate 75 are threadedly connected.

[0108] The outer wall of the rotating shaft 715 is rotatably connected to the axis of the mounting cover 74, the second gear 712 and the third gear 713 mesh with each other, and the first gear 71 and the fourth gear 714 are adapted to each other.

[0109] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 The use of slide rod 76 for sliding connection at the upper and lower positions ensures more stable movement of connecting plate 78;

[0110] Secondly, before pushing the movable frame 72, the user should keep the movable frame 72 away from the grinding jar 611, which can ensure greater safety during the rotation of the grinding jar 611.

[0111] It should be noted that when the first gear 71 and the fourth gear 714 are meshed, the user can also control the grinding motor 44 to rotate slowly counterclockwise. This will enable the rotating ring 46 and the feeding screw 716 to rotate in tandem. In this state, the rotation of the feeding screw 716 is in the opposite direction. The graphite and urea in the feeding cylinder 710 will move in opposite directions inside the feeding cylinder 710. Instead of feeding, they will be compressed.

[0112] Meanwhile, the rotating ring 46 controls the four grinding jars 611 to rotate and switch between different jars.

[0113] This embodiment

[0114] Compared to traditional designs, this design features a manually operated movable frame 72 that engages the first gear 71 and the fourth gear 714. During engagement, if the gear rotates clockwise, the grinding jar 611 at that station stops moving, while the fourth gear 714 rotates to control the feeding screw 716, which automatically mixes graphite and urea and feeds them into the grinding jar 611. This design facilitates automatic feeding and simultaneously mixes graphite and urea during the feeding process, ensuring a more convenient and faster subsequent grinding process and effectively improving the grinding effect.

[0115] Secondly, the user can also rotate the linkage counterclockwise to make the rotating ring 46 and the first gear 71 rotate. At this time, the feeding screw 716 rotates in the opposite direction to compress the graphite and urea, which can crush large pieces of graphite and agglomerated urea. At the same time, the grinding tank 611 rotates to automatically form a work station switch, which makes it more convenient for the user to unload materials. Automatic integrated multi-tank unloading can be realized.

[0116] Fourth embodiment:

[0117] The method for recovering sodium sulfate includes the following steps:

[0118] S1; Preparation of modified graphite: Commercial graphite and urea are mixed, ground evenly, and then calcined in a tube furnace under an argon atmosphere to obtain nitrogen-doped graphite. The grinding process needs to be completed in the grinding component 6.

[0119] The graphite and urea are mixed in a ratio of 0.5:1 to 3:1. Grind thoroughly at 500 r / min for 2 hours. The calcination temperature in the tube furnace is 300-1000℃ and the calcination time is 30-300 min.

[0120] S2: Electrode preparation: Modified graphite is dispersed in ethanol and a binder is added. The mixture is ultrasonically dispersed until uniform. After washing and drying the nickel foam, the above graphite dispersion is dropped onto the surface of the nickel foam. After drying, it is compacted using a tablet press.

[0121] The ratio of modified graphite to binder is 20:1-5:1, and the dispersion mass of modified graphite on the nickel foam surface is 10-200 mg / cm³. 2 ;

[0122] S3; Assembly of the electrolysis system: A modified graphite electrode is used as the working electrode, a calomel electrode is used as the reference electrode, and a platinum sheet electrode is used as the counter electrode to assemble a three-electrode system. The lithium extraction solution is used as the electrolyte and connected to an electrochemical workstation. The potassium and sodium concentrations of the lithium precipitation mother liquor are 9.3 g / L and 67.5 g / L, respectively.

[0123] S4: Electrolysis process: After setting the working voltage, the degree of electrolysis is controlled by controlling the electrolysis time, which is 5-60 minutes.

[0124] S5: Sodium sulfate recovery: After electrolysis, collect the electrolyte and evaporate and crystallize to obtain high-purity sodium sulfate.

[0125] This embodiment

[0126] Traditionally, lithium precipitation mother liquor treatment typically involves no further processing after lithium extraction, with little focus on subsequent sodium recovery. Furthermore, because sodium sulfate is generally more soluble than potassium sulfate, the separated sodium sulfate often contains potassium, limiting the purity of the separated product. This patent utilizes an electrochemical method to directionally separate trace amounts of potassium from the lithium extraction liquid, simplifying the separation of high-purity sodium sulfate.

[0127] Expanded graphite or graphene materials for K + Its adsorption capacity is better than that of Na + Especially when the interlayer spacing is >0.4nm, K + The Na+ has better intercalation kinetics and a smaller ionic radius. + Stable embedding is difficult due to size mismatch with the interlayer structure (requiring overcoming higher energy barriers); furthermore, K + The hydration radius (approximately 0.331 nm) is smaller than that of Na. + (Approximately 0.358 nm) Under the influence of an electric field, the hydrated layer is more easily removed and embedded between the graphite layers. In the electric field, by reasonably controlling the energizing time, potassium ions can be completely adsorbed while sodium is almost completely lost, thus achieving "sodium-potassium separation".

[0128] Using a three-electrode system and an electrochemical workstation to perform the electrolysis process allows for precise control of the potential or current during the reaction, and real-time recording or adjustment of the reaction progress.

[0129] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving grinding device for graphite processing, characterized in that, It includes a base plate, a support frame, a drive mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and grinding components; The support frame is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate. The drive mechanism includes a mounting frame, a positioning plate, and a grinding motor. The mounting frame is bolted to the upper surface of the support frame. The positioning plate is fixed inside the mounting frame. The grinding motor is bolted to the inside of the positioning plate. A ratchet is connected to the bottom output shaft of the grinding motor via a keyway. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame and outside the ratchet. A spring ratchet tooth is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring. A drive pulley is connected to the bottom shaft center of the rotating ring via a keyway. The rotating mechanism includes a mounting base, a drive gear, and a driven pulley. The mounting base is fixed to the upper surface of the support frame. The drive gear is rotatably connected to the inner shaft of the mounting base. The driven pulley is connected to the drive gear shaft via a keyway. A belt is sleeved on the outer wall of the driven pulley and the drive pulley. Four linkage gears are meshed on the outer wall of the drive gear. Each of the four linkage gear shafts is connected to a key rod via a keyway. The top of each of the four key rods is rotatably connected to a main turntable. The grinding assembly includes four grinding jars, four sub-rotary disks, and four positioning disks. The four sub-rotary disks are keyway connected to the top of the four key rods. The four positioning disks are mounted above the four sub-rotary disks. The four grinding jars are placed on the upper surface of the four positioning disks. The grinding motor is electrically connected to a PLC, a motor controller, a bidirectional converter, a temperature measurement module, and an energy storage module via wires. The temperature measurement module is electrically connected to the PLC, and the bidirectional converter is electrically connected to the energy storage module via wires. It also includes auxiliary mechanisms; The auxiliary mechanism includes a first gear, a movable frame, and a mounting cover. The first gear is keyway connected to the top output shaft of the grinding motor. A top plate is bolted to the top of the mounting frame. The movable frame is mounted above the top plate. The mounting cover is fixed to the upper surface of the movable frame. A sliding plate is fixed to the lower surface of the movable frame. A limiting plate is fixed to the upper surface of the support frame and located on one side of the mounting frame. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the limiting plate. A connecting plate is fixed to the outer end of the sliding rod. An adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate. A fourth gear is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the movable frame and inside the mounting cover. A rotating shaft is connected to the keyway at the center of the fourth gear, and a third gear is connected to the keyway at the top of the rotating shaft. A fixed frame is fixed on the upper surface of the movable frame, and a feeding cylinder is fixed inside the fixed frame. A feeding screw is rotatably connected inside the feeding cylinder. A second gear is connected to the keyway at the outer end of the feeding screw. Two flexible hoses are installed above the feeding cylinder. The sliding plate and the top plate are slidably connected, the connecting plate and the movable frame are fixedly connected, and the adjusting screw and the limiting plate are threadedly connected. The outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft center of the mounting cover, the second gear and the third gear mesh with each other, and the first gear and the fourth gear are adapted to each other; Manually pushing the moving frame causes the first gear and the fourth gear to mesh. If the gear rotates clockwise during the meshing process, the grinding tank at this station will stop moving, while the fourth gear rotates to control the feeding screw to automatically mix graphite and urea and feed them into the grinding tank. Therefore, this design makes it convenient for users to automatically feed the material, and the graphite and urea are mixed simultaneously during the feeding process. It can also rotate counterclockwise to achieve the rotation of the rotating ring and the first gear. At this time, the feeding screw rotates in the opposite direction to compress the graphite and urea, crushing large pieces of graphite and agglomerated urea. At the same time, the grinding tank rotates to automatically switch the work station, making it more convenient for users to unload materials and realize automatic integrated multi-tank unloading.

2. The energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding motor, bidirectional converter, and energy storage module are electrically connected in series; the motor controller, PLC, and grinding motor are electrically connected in parallel; and the PLC, temperature measurement module, and grinding motor are electrically connected in series.

3. The energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratchet and the spring ratchet mesh with each other, and the shafts of the drive pulley and the driven pulley are rotatably connected to the support frame via bearings.

4. The energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive gear is rotatably connected to the shaft of the mounting base, the four linkage gears are meshed with the internal gear ring, the four linkage gears are equidistantly distributed in a ring about the shaft of the drive gear, and the main turntable is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting base.

5. The energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning disk has a sliding groove inside, a positioning block is installed inside the sliding groove, a fastening bolt is threaded inside the positioning block, a slider is slidably connected inside the sliding groove and on one side of the positioning block, a guide wheel is rotatably connected inside the slider, and a return spring is fixed on the opposite side of the slider and the positioning block. Side plates are fixed on the upper surface of the positioning plate and on both sides of the grinding jar. A fixing plate is installed inside the side plate. A stabilizing screw is threadedly connected to the middle position of the fixing plate. A nut is threadedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing plate and on the outer wall of the stabilizing screw. A clamping plate is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the stabilizing screw and on the top of the grinding jar. Two guide rails are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate, and a protective cover is slidably connected to the top of the two guide rails.

6. The energy-saving grinding device for graphite treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the guide wheel fits into the outer wall of the grinding tank, the bottom end of the fastening bolt extends to the bottom of the groove, and the cross-section of the slider is "T" shaped.

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