Combined sealing type magnetorheological damper

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a combined sealing type magnetorheological damper which comprises a cylinder body, a left end cover, a sleeve, a piston rod, a left pole shoe, a right pole shoe, a permanent magnet ring and a piston assembly, the left end of the cylinder body is sealed by the left end cover and filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the sleeve is arranged at the left end in the cylinder body; the left end of the sleeve is of an opening structure; the annular surface of the left end of the sleeve is hermetically assembled with the inner side wall of the left end cover; a left pole shoe, a permanent magnet ring and a right pole shoe are sequentially arranged from the left end in the sleeve to the right, and the right end of the piston rod penetrates through the left pole shoe, the permanent magnet ring, the right pole shoe and the sleeve from the left end cover and then extends into the cylinder body. According to the damper, through the channel layout shaped like the Chinese character'ao ', the single mode of a traditional linear channel is broken through, the force energy absorption efficiency of the damper is improved, meanwhile, the stress peak value is dispersed through the variable-width channel structure, local fatigue failure is avoided, the combined sealing structure of the magnetofluid sealing layer and the elastomer sealing ring is adopted, high-pressure mechanical support is provided, and zero leakage is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering vibration reduction, and in particular to a combined sealed magnetorheological damper. Background Art

[0002] As an important vibration reduction device in the field of smart materials technology, the core advantage of magnetorheological dampers lies in their ability to precisely and rapidly control the damping force through the rheological properties of magnetorheological fluid. The device's control center consists of a piston assembly equipped with an electromagnetic coil. When external vibrations trigger reciprocating motion of the piston, the flow state of the magnetorheological fluid within a specific damping channel is dynamically adjusted through electromagnetic control. This is achieved by varying the coil current to control the magnetic field strength, thereby adjusting the fluid's apparent viscosity and flow resistance in real time.

[0003] Traditional magnetorheological dampers face two major areas of improvement: First, the conventional linear damping channel design limits the device's dynamic adjustment range, restricting its applicability in complex operating conditions; second, conventional sealing structures are prone to magnetorheological fluid leakage during high-frequency piston rod movement, posing a potential seal failure risk. Given these challenges, the current focus is on developing new magnetorheological dampers that integrate large dynamic adjustment capabilities with efficient sealing and guidance systems. This aims to overcome the performance bottlenecks of traditional designs and expand their application in intelligent vibration reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention aims to provide a combined sealed magnetorheological damper, which can solve the problem of easy failure of the reciprocating seal at the piston rod of the ordinary magnetorheological damper, and can effectively improve the problems of single width of the damping channel and narrow dynamic adjustable range.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a combined sealed magnetorheological damper, comprising a cylinder body, a left end cover, a sleeve, a piston rod, a left pole shoe, a right pole shoe, a permanent magnet ring, and a piston assembly, characterized in that: the left end of the cylinder body is sealed by the left end cover, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the sleeve is arranged at the left end of the cylinder body; the left end of the sleeve is an open structure, and the annular surface of the left end of the sleeve is sealed and assembled with the inner wall of the left end cover; the left pole shoe, the permanent magnet ring, and the right pole shoe are arranged in sequence from the left end to the right in the sleeve, and the right end of the piston rod passes through the left pole shoe, the permanent magnet ring, the right pole shoe, and the sleeve from the left end cover and extends into the cylinder body; the piston rod and the right side wall of the sleeve form a sealed sliding structure; the left pole shoe, the right pole shoe, and the permanent magnet ring are all arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve and do not contact the piston rod; the piston assembly is installed on the right end of the piston rod.

[0006] A guide ring is provided between the right inner wall of the sleeve and the right pole shoe. The outer circular surface of the guide ring contacts the inner circular surface of the sleeve, and the right end surface of the guide ring contacts the right inner wall of the sleeve. The guide ring and the piston rod form a sealed sliding structure.

[0007] Pole teeth A are respectively provided on the left end face and inner circular surface of the left pole shoe, and the pole teeth A correspond to and do not contact the inner wall of the left end cover and the outer circular surface of the piston rod, and magnetorheological fluid is provided between the pole teeth A and the inner wall of the left end cover and the outer circular surface of the piston rod; pole teeth B are respectively provided on the right end face and inner circular surface of the right pole shoe, and the pole teeth B correspond to and do not contact the left end face of the guide ring and the outer circular surface of the piston rod, and magnetorheological fluid is provided between the pole teeth B and the left end face of the guide ring and the outer circular surface of the piston rod.

[0008] The inner circular surface of the guide ring is provided with a sealing ring groove A, in which a sealing ring A is provided.

[0009] A positioning sleeve A and a positioning sleeve B are respectively provided on the inner wall of the sleeve by interference fit; a positioning sleeve C is fitted on the outer circumference of the piston rod by interference fit; the positioning sleeve A is respectively in contact with the inner wall of the left end cover and the left end face of the left pole shoe, and the pole tooth A on the left end face of the left pole shoe is located in the area between the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve A and the outer circumference of the piston rod; the positioning sleeve B is respectively in contact with the right end face of the right pole shoe and the left end face of the guide ring; the positioning sleeve C is respectively in contact with the right end face of the right pole shoe and the left end face of the guide ring; the pole tooth B on the right end face of the right pole shoe is located in the area between the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve B and the outer circumference of the positioning sleeve C.

[0010] The left end cover and the right side wall of the sleeve are respectively provided with piston rod holes, and the piston rod passes through the piston rod holes based on clearance fit. The piston rod holes are respectively provided with sealing ring grooves B, which are provided with sealing rings B; the inner circular surface of the sleeve is provided with a sealing ring groove C, which is provided with a sealing ring C.

[0011] The piston assembly includes an excitation coil, an inner piston, a piston outer ring, a piston upper end cover, and a piston lower end cover. The upper end face of the inner piston is encapsulated by the piston upper end cover, the lower end face is encapsulated by the piston lower end cover, and the outer cylindrical surface is encapsulated by the piston outer ring. The piston outer ring is sealed with the piston lower end cover and the piston upper end cover. More than one group of coil grooves are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston at intervals, and the excitation coils are arranged in the coil grooves. The surface of the excitation coils is coated with sealant. A damping channel is formed between the piston outer ring and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston. More than two groups of connecting holes corresponding to the damping channels are arranged on the piston upper end cover and the piston lower end cover at intervals. The right end of the piston rod passes through the center of the piston upper end cover and is fixedly connected to the inner piston.

[0012] The left and right ends of the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston are respectively provided with convex rings, and the positions of the convex rings of the outer ring of the piston are concave rings, and a part of the damping channel is also formed between the convex rings and the concave rings.

[0013] The device also includes a floating piston and a right end cap. The right end of the cylinder body is sealed by the right end cap. A floating piston is disposed on the right side of the cylinder body, capable of sliding relative to the cylinder body. A sealing ring groove is provided on the outer circumference of the floating piston, which contains a sealing ring. The cylinder body to the left of the floating piston is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the cylinder body between the right end face of the floating piston and the right end cap is filled with nitrogen. A one-way inflation valve is disposed on the right end cap, connected to a nitrogen source, for injecting nitrogen into the space between the right end cap and the floating piston.

[0014] A connecting ring is fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the right end cover.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: A combined sealed magnetorheological damper of the present application innovatively adopts a combined sealing design combining magnetorheological seals with traditional sealing rings. By adding a magnetorheological reciprocating sealing device on the left end cover side and embedding a double sealing structure in the guide ring, multiple performance improvements are achieved. This design has three significant advantages: First, the self-healing properties of the magnetic fluid can dynamically fill the microscopic gaps caused by friction, and combined with the adaptive adjustment of the preload of the elastomeric sealing ring, the life of the sealing system is extended by more than 3 times. Secondly, the two-stage sealing structure forms a particle blocking gradient. The magnetic fluid layer can not only intercept large particle pollutants, but also absorb submicron wear debris. The inner sealing ring provides macroscopic high-pressure sealing, significantly reducing the wear rate of key moving pairs; finally, the redundant design of the combined seal allows the basic sealing function to be maintained when a single layer fails. Combined with the status monitoring interface, predictive maintenance is achieved instead of periodic replacement.

[0016] In addition, the damper of this application innovatively adopts a "concave"-shaped damping channel design, improving the traditional single-width damping channel into a variable-width damping channel composed of damping channels of different widths. The winding path of the concave structure combined with the variable-width design can significantly extend the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid. Under the action of the magnetic field, regions of different widths form a gradient shear rate field, achieving multi-level adjustment of the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby expanding the dynamic adjustment range of the damping force; through a three-dimensional winding layout, the equivalent damping path is maximized within a limited space, making it suitable for industrial scenarios sensitive to installation dimensions (such as vehicle suspension and precision instrument vibration isolation); moreover, the concave turning point of the channel induces the generation of local eddy currents, which improves the energy absorption efficiency under high-frequency vibration through the energy dissipation mechanism of alternating turbulent and laminar flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The following describes the details and working process of the implementation mode and embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the combined sealed magnetorheological damper of Example 1; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the left end cover and sleeve structure of Example 1.

[0019] The names and serial numbers of the parts in the figure are as follows: 1 is the cylinder body, 2 is the left end cover, 3 is the sleeve, 4 is the piston rod, 5 is the left pole shoe, 6 is the right pole shoe, 7 is the permanent magnet ring, 8 is the piston assembly, 9 is the guide ring, 10 is the pole tooth A, 11 is the pole tooth B, 12 is the positioning sleeve A, 13 is the positioning sleeve B, 14 is the positioning sleeve C, 15 is the excitation coil, 16 is the inner piston, 17 is the piston outer ring, 18 is the piston upper end cover, 19 is the piston lower end cover, 20 is the floating piston, 21 is the right end cover, 22 is the connecting ring, 23 is the convex ring, and 24 is the concave ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Referring to the accompanying drawings, a combined sealed magnetorheological damper in this embodiment includes a cylinder 1, a left end cover 2, a sleeve 3, a piston rod 4, a left pole shoe 5, a right pole shoe 6, a permanent magnet ring 7, and a piston assembly 8. It is characterized in that: the left end of the cylinder 1 is sealed by the left end cover 2, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the sleeve 3 is arranged at the left end of the cylinder 1; the left end of the sleeve 3 is an open structure, and the annular surface of the left end of the sleeve 3 is sealed and assembled with the inner wall of the left end cover 2. From the left end of the sleeve 3 to the right, a left pole shoe 5, a permanent magnet ring 7, and a right pole shoe 6 are arranged in sequence. The right end of the piston rod 4 passes through the left end cap 2, the left pole shoe 5, the permanent magnet ring 7, the right pole shoe 6, and the sleeve 3, and then extends into the cylinder body 1. The piston rod 4 forms a sealed sliding structure with the right side wall of the sleeve 3. The left pole shoe 5, the right pole shoe 6, and the permanent magnet ring 7 are all located on the inner wall of the sleeve 3 and do not contact the piston rod 4. The piston assembly 8 is mounted on the right end of the piston rod 4. A magnetic fluid sealing layer structure is used, which achieves pollution interception through magnetic field confinement and dynamically compensates for microscopic wear gaps.

[0021] A guide ring 9 is provided between the right inner wall of the sleeve 3 and the right pole piece 6. The outer circumference of the guide ring 9 contacts the inner circumference of the sleeve 3, and the right end face of the guide ring 9 contacts the right inner wall of the sleeve 3. The guide ring 9 forms a sealed sliding structure with the piston rod 4. The guide ring 9 ensures the durability and stability of the damper, protecting core components such as seals, cylinders, and piston rods by reducing friction, thereby improving overall performance and lifespan.

[0022] The left pole shoe 5 is provided with pole teeth A10 on its left end face and inner circumference. Pole teeth A10 correspond to and do not contact the inner wall of the left end cap 2 and the outer circumference of the piston rod 4. Magnetorheological fluid is provided between pole teeth A10, the inner wall of the left end cap 2, and the outer circumference of the piston rod 4. The right pole shoe 6 is provided with pole teeth B11 on its right end face and inner circumference. Pole teeth B11 correspond to and do not contact the left end face of the guide ring 9 and the outer circumference of the piston rod 4. Magnetorheological fluid is provided between pole teeth B11, the left end face of the guide ring 9, and the outer circumference of the piston rod 4. This optimizes the magnetic field distribution and medium flow path, improving damping performance, response speed, and energy efficiency.

[0023] The inner circumferential surface of the guide ring 9 is provided with a sealing ring groove A, in which a sealing ring A is provided.

[0024] A positioning sleeve A12 and a positioning sleeve B13 are respectively provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 3 by interference fit; a positioning sleeve C14 is respectively fitted on the outer circumference of the piston rod 4; the positioning sleeve A12 contacts the inner wall of the left end cover 2 and the left end face of the left pole shoe 5, respectively, and the pole tooth A10 on the left end face of the left pole shoe 5 is located in the area between the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve A12 and the outer circumference of the piston rod 4; the positioning sleeve B13 contacts the right end face of the right pole shoe 6 and the left end face of the guide ring 9, respectively; the positioning sleeve C14 contacts the right end face of the right pole shoe 6 and the left end face of the guide ring 9, respectively; the pole tooth B11 on the right end face of the right pole shoe 6 is located in the area between the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve B13 and the outer circumference of the positioning sleeve C14.

[0025] The left end cap 2 and the right side wall of the sleeve 3 each have a piston rod hole, through which the piston rod 4 passes based on a clearance fit. Each piston rod hole is provided with a sealing ring groove B, which houses a sealing ring B. The inner circumference of the sleeve 3 is provided with a sealing ring groove C, which houses a sealing ring C. This combined sealing structure provides high-pressure mechanical support and zero leakage.

[0026] The piston assembly 8 includes an excitation coil 15, an inner piston 16, a piston outer ring 17, a piston upper end cover 18, and a piston lower end cover 19. The upper end face of the inner piston 16 is encapsulated by the piston upper end cover 18, the lower end face is encapsulated by the piston lower end cover 19, and the outer cylindrical surface is encapsulated by the piston outer ring 17. The piston outer ring 17 is sealedly connected to the piston lower end cover 19 and the piston upper end cover 18; more than one group of coil grooves are arranged at intervals on the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston 16, and the excitation coil 15 is arranged in the coil groove, and the surface of the excitation coil 15 is coated with sealant; a damping channel is formed between the piston outer ring 17 and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston 16, and more than two groups of connecting holes corresponding to the damping channel are arranged at intervals on the piston upper end cover 18 and the piston lower end cover 19; the right end of the piston rod 4 passes through the center of the piston upper end cover 18 and is fixedly connected to the inner piston 16.

[0027] The outer circumferential surface of the inner piston 16 is provided with convex rings 23 at both ends, and the piston outer ring 17 is provided with concave rings 24 at positions corresponding to the convex rings 23 , and a part of the damping channel is formed between the convex rings 23 and the concave rings 24 .

[0028] The cylinder body 1 also includes a floating piston 20 and a right end cap 21. The right end of the cylinder body 1 is sealed by the right end cap 21. The floating piston 20 is disposed on the right side of the cylinder body 1 and is capable of sliding relative to the cylinder body 1. A sealing ring groove is provided on the outer circumference of the floating piston 20, which contains a sealing ring. The cylinder body 1 to the left of the floating piston 20 is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the cylinder body 1 between the right end surface of the floating piston 20 and the right end cap 21 is filled with nitrogen. A one-way inflation valve is provided on the right end cap 21. The one-way inflation valve is connected to a nitrogen source and is used to inject nitrogen into the space between the right end cap 21 and the floating piston 20.

[0029] A connecting ring 22 is fixedly provided on the right end surface of the right end cover 21 .

[0030] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: A combined sealed magnetorheological damper comprises a combined sealing assembly, a cylinder assembly and a piston assembly, wherein the cylinder assembly designs the cylinder 1 into a "concave"-shaped winding damping channel through the piston rod 4, thereby solving the problems of limited damping performance, poor environmental adaptability, low energy absorption efficiency, and stress concentration and fatigue failure in the damping channel in traditional magnetorheological fluid dampers; the combined sealing assembly adopts a combined sealing design of a magnetic fluid sealing layer and an elastomeric sealing ring, so that the magnetic fluid layer can intercept pollution through magnetic field constraints and dynamically compensate for microscopic wear gaps; combined with the traditional inner seal, it provides high-pressure mechanical support and zero leakage.

Claims

1. A combined sealed magnetorheological damper, comprising a cylinder (1), a left end cover (2), a sleeve (3), a piston rod (4), a left pole shoe (5), a right pole shoe (6), a permanent magnet ring (7), and a piston assembly (8), characterized in that: The left end of the cylinder (1) is sealed by a left end cover (2), which is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The sleeve (3) is arranged at the left end of the cylinder (1); the left end of the sleeve (3) is an open structure, and the annular surface of the left end of the sleeve (3) is sealed and assembled with the inner wall of the left end cover (2); A left pole shoe (5), a permanent magnet ring (7), and a right pole shoe (6) are sequentially arranged from the left end of the sleeve (3) to the right. The right end of the piston rod (4) passes through the left pole shoe (5), the permanent magnet ring (7), the right pole shoe (6), and the sleeve (3) from the left end cover (2) and then extends into the cylinder body (1); the piston rod (4) and the right side wall of the sleeve (3) form a sealed sliding structure; the left pole shoe (5), the right pole shoe (6), and the permanent magnet ring (7) are all arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (3) and do not contact the piston rod (4); A piston assembly (8) is mounted on the right end of the piston rod (4).

2. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide ring (9) is provided between the right inner wall of the sleeve (3) and the right pole shoe (6); the outer cylindrical surface of the guide ring (9) contacts the inner cylindrical surface of the sleeve (3); the right end surface of the guide ring (9) contacts the right inner wall of the sleeve (3); and the guide ring (9) and the piston rod (4) form a sealed sliding structure.

3. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left end surface and inner circumference of the left pole shoe (5) are respectively provided with pole teeth A (10), the pole teeth A (10) correspond to and do not contact the inner wall of the left end cover (2) and the outer circumference of the piston rod (4), and a magnetorheological fluid is provided between the pole teeth A (10), the inner wall of the left end cover (2) and the outer circumference of the piston rod (4); The right end face and inner circumference of the right pole shoe (6) are respectively provided with pole teeth B (11), the pole teeth B (11) correspond to and do not contact the left end face of the guide ring (9) and the outer circumference of the piston rod (4), and magnetorheological fluid is provided between the pole teeth B (11), the left end face of the guide ring (9) and the outer circumference of the piston rod (4).

4. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner circular surface of the guide ring (9) is provided with a sealing ring groove A, in which a sealing ring A is provided.

5. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sleeve (3) is provided with a positioning sleeve A (12) and a positioning sleeve B (13) respectively through interference fit; the outer circumferential surface of the piston rod (4) is provided with a positioning sleeve C (14) through interference fit; The positioning sleeve A (12) contacts the inner wall of the left end cover (2) and the left end surface of the left pole shoe (5) respectively, and the pole tooth A (10) on the left end surface of the left pole shoe (5) is located in the area between the inner circular surface of the positioning sleeve A (12) and the outer circular surface of the piston rod (4); The positioning sleeve B (13) contacts the right end face of the right pole shoe (6) and the left end face of the guide ring (9) respectively; the positioning sleeve C (14) contacts the right end face of the right pole shoe (6) and the left end face of the guide ring (9) respectively; the pole tooth B (11) on the right end face of the right pole shoe (6) is located in the area between the inner circular surface of the positioning sleeve B (13) and the outer circular surface of the positioning sleeve C (14).

6. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end cover (2) and the right side wall of the sleeve (3) are respectively provided with piston rod holes, and the piston rod (4) passes through the piston rod holes based on clearance fit. The piston rod holes are respectively provided with sealing ring grooves B, in which sealing rings B are arranged; the inner circular surface of the sleeve (3) is provided with a sealing ring groove C, in which a sealing ring C is arranged.

7. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly (8) includes an excitation coil (15), an inner piston (16), a piston outer ring (17), a piston upper end cover (18), and a piston lower end cover (19). The upper end surface of the inner piston (16) is encapsulated by the piston upper end cover (18), the lower end surface is encapsulated by the piston lower end cover (19), and the outer cylindrical surface is encapsulated by the piston outer ring (17). The piston outer ring (17) is sealed with the piston lower end cover (19) and the piston upper end cover (18); one or more coil grooves are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston (16), and the excitation coil (15) is provided in the coil groove. The surface of the excitation coil (15) is coated with sealant; a damping channel is formed between the piston outer ring (17) and the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston (16); two or more communicating holes corresponding to the damping channel are provided on the piston upper end cover (18) and the piston lower end cover (19); The right end of the piston rod (4) passes through the center of the piston upper end cover (18) and is fixedly connected to the inner piston (16).

8. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the inner piston (16) is provided with convex rings (23) at both ends, and the piston outer ring (17) is provided with a concave ring (24) at the position corresponding to the convex ring (23). A part of the damping channel is also formed between the convex ring (23) and the concave ring (24).

9. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a floating piston (20) and a right end cover (21), the right end of the cylinder body (1) is sealed by the right end cover (21), a floating piston (20) is provided on the right side of the cylinder body (1), the floating piston (20) can slide relative to the cylinder body (1), a sealing ring groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the floating piston (20), a sealing ring is provided therein, the cylinder body (1) on the left side of the floating piston (20) is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the cylinder body (1) between the right end surface of the floating piston (20) and the right end cover (21) is filled with nitrogen; The right end cover (21) is provided with a one-way inflation valve, which is connected to a nitrogen source and is used to inject nitrogen into the space between the right end cover (21) and the floating piston (20).

10. The combined sealed magnetorheological damper according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connecting ring (22) is fixedly provided on the right end surface of the right end cover (21).

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