A fluidized bed drying granulator

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of drying devices, and in particular to a fluidized bed drying granulator. A fluidized bed drying granulator comprises a drying cylinder, a filtering mechanism and a crushing mechanism. The drying cylinder is divided into a filtering chamber and a boiling chamber. The filtering mechanism comprises an adjusting assembly, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly and a filtering assembly. The adjusting assembly comprises a rotating plate. The first driving assembly rotates the rotating plate according to the degree of blockage of the filter bag in each filtering assembly to change the volume of each adjusting chamber. The degree of blockage of the filter bag in each filtering assembly is positively correlated with the volume of the corresponding adjusting chamber, thereby reducing the impact on the boiling of the boiling chamber. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the material falling from the filter bag. The present invention provides a fluidized bed drying granulator to solve the problem that the existing fluidized bed dryer easily affects the uniformity of boiling in the boiling chamber during ash cleaning, and the problem that the compacted material on the filter bag directly falls into the boiling chamber, affecting the granulation particle size of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drying equipment technology, and more specifically to a fluidized bed dryer / granulator. Background Technology

[0002] Fluidized bed dryers improve powder flowability, reduce dust emissions, and enhance solubility through powder granulation. They simultaneously complete mixing, granulation, and drying in one machine, achieving one-step granulation. Antistatic filter cloth is used to ensure safe operation. Pressure relief vents are included to reduce the risk of injury to operators in the event of an explosion. In a fluidized bed dryer, air is heated by a heat exchanger to form hot air, which is then distributed to the main unit via a valve plate. Wet materials enter the dryer through the feeder, where they are boiled under air pressure and come into full contact with the hot air, thus drying the material in a short time.

[0003] Core principle: Clean heated air (or inert gas) is forced through the material bed from the bottom of the equipment via a distribution plate. When the airflow velocity reaches a certain value, the material particles are blown up and suspended in the airflow, exhibiting a state similar to liquid boiling. This ensures full and uniform contact between the material particles and the hot air. Simultaneously with the material fluidization, a liquid binder (such as a solution, slurry, or molten liquid) is sprayed into the fluidized bed through a spray gun (atomizer). The atomized droplets collide with, wet, spread, coalesce, and solidify with the suspended powder particles.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN114247223B provides a fluidized bed dryer that continuously removes powder from filter bags using a gas jet cleaning device. This shortens the residence time of fine powder aggregation, resulting in more thorough dust removal and reduced airflow resistance, thereby improving air filtration efficiency. However, during dust removal, the material on the filter bags is prone to caking, and the removed material falls directly into the fluidized bed chamber, affecting the particle size of the material. In addition, uneven clogging of the filter bags can cause uneven gas flow between the fluidized bed chamber and the filter bags, which in turn disturbs the gas above the material in the fluidized bed chamber, causing changes in internal pressure and affecting the uniformity of fluidization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a fluidized bed dryer and granulator to solve the problems of existing fluidized bed dryers, which easily affect the uniformity of fluidization in the fluidized bed during dust removal, and the problem of caking material on the filter bag falling directly into the fluidized bed, affecting the particle size of the granulated material.

[0006] The fluidized bed dryer and granulator of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The fluidized bed dryer and granulator includes a drying cylinder, a filtering mechanism, and a crushing mechanism. The drying cylinder is vertically arranged and divided into a filtering chamber and a fluidizing chamber from top to bottom. The filtering mechanism includes a connecting frame, an adjusting assembly, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, and two filtering assemblies distributed in a horizontal direction. The connecting frame is located inside the filtering chamber. Each filtering assembly includes multiple filter bags located on the upper side of the connecting frame.

[0007] The regulating assembly includes a ventilation plate and a rotating plate. The ventilation plate is disposed within the filter chamber and located below the connecting frame. Two ventilation channels are formed on the ventilation plate, each corresponding to one of the two filter components. The rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the ventilation plate, dividing the space between the ventilation plate and the connecting frame into two regulating chambers, each communicating with one of the two ventilation channels. A first air hole is formed on the rotating plate. Openings corresponding to the two filter components are formed on the drying cylinder.

[0008] The filtration mechanism has a working phase and a cleaning phase. During the working phase, the first drive assembly rotates a rotating plate according to the degree of clogging of the filter bags in each filter assembly, thereby changing the volume of each regulating chamber. The degree of clogging of the filter bags in each filter assembly is positively correlated with the volume of the corresponding regulating chamber, thus reducing the impact on boiling in the boiling chamber. During the cleaning phase, the second drive assembly agitates the filter bags in one filter assembly and pushes the rotating plate to block the ventilation channel corresponding to another filter assembly. A crushing mechanism is located below the filter bags to crush the material falling from the filter bags and guide the crushed material to the boiling chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the two filter components are a first filter bag assembly and a second filter bag assembly, respectively. The two ventilation channels are a first channel corresponding to the first filter bag assembly and a second channel corresponding to the second filter bag assembly, respectively. The two adjustment chambers are a first chamber communicating with the first channel and a second chamber communicating with the second channel, respectively.

[0010] A fluidized bed dryer and granulator further includes a suction mechanism, which comprises an air pump. Two openings are designated as a first air outlet and a second air outlet. The first air outlet corresponds to a first filter bag assembly. The second air outlet corresponds to a second filter bag assembly.

[0011] Valves are installed at both the first and second air outlets. The air pump is fixedly installed outside the drying cylinder, and the air pump has two air pipes, which are connected to the first and second air outlets respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the two filter components are sequentially distributed in a first direction. The first drive component includes a first drive unit, which includes a first motor. The first motor is fixedly mounted on the ventilation plate, and its output shaft is arranged along a second direction. Both the second and first directions are horizontal, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The two sides of the rotating plate parallel to the second direction are respectively the first side and the second side. The first side of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the ventilation plate. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first side of the rotating plate.

[0013] Furthermore, pressure sensors are installed at both the first and second air outlets, and a controller is installed on the first motor. The controller controls the first motor to drive the rotating plate to rotate based on the exhaust pressure detected by the pressure sensors at the first and second air outlets.

[0014] The lower the exhaust pressure at the first outlet, the more severe the clogging of the filter bag in the first filter bag assembly. When the exhaust pressure at the first outlet is lower than that at the second outlet, the rotation of the rotating plate causes the volume of the first chamber to be larger than that of the second chamber. When the exhaust pressure at the first outlet is greater than that at the second outlet, the rotation of the rotating plate causes the volume of the first chamber to be smaller than that of the second chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, a first baffle and a second baffle are fixedly provided on the second side of the rotating plate. Along the first direction, a first limiting groove and a first through groove are formed on the side of the first channel away from the second channel. A second limiting groove and a second through groove are formed on the side of the second channel away from the first channel. When the first baffle and the first limiting groove abut against each other, the second baffle is located within the first through groove. When the second baffle and the second limiting groove abut against each other, the first baffle is located within the second through groove. The first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are used to limit the rotation of the rotating plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the second drive assembly includes two transmission units, each corresponding to one of the two filter assemblies. Each transmission unit includes a pressure plate, a push rod, and a hydraulic cylinder. The push rod is vertically positioned and slides up and down on the connecting frame. The lower side of the push rod abuts against the rotating plate. The pressure plate is horizontally positioned and fixedly connected to the upper end of the push rod. The filter bags are vertically positioned, and each pressure plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of multiple filter bags in the corresponding filter assembly. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly positioned inside the drying cylinder, with its extended end vertically positioned, and each extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a pressure plate.

[0017] Furthermore, each transmission unit also includes a connecting rod and a magnet. The connecting rod is vertically arranged, and the connecting rod and the push rod are distributed sequentially along a first direction. The connecting rod is positioned on the side furthest from the rotating plate relative to the push rod. The upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the pressure plate. The magnet is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the connecting rod. The length of the connecting rod is greater than the length of the push rod.

[0018] The magnet corresponding to the first filter bag assembly and the second baffle are magnetically repelled, thus pushing the rotating plate to deflect closer to the second channel. The magnet corresponding to the second filter bag assembly and the first baffle are magnetically repelled, thus pushing the rotating plate to deflect closer to the first channel.

[0019] Furthermore, an arc-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the lower side of the connecting frame, and the arc-shaped plate is arranged along the second direction. The concave surface of the arc-shaped plate faces the rotating plate and abuts against the second side of the rotating plate. Multiple second air holes are opened on the arc-shaped plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes a fixed frame, a crushing disc, an eccentric shaft, a second motor, and multiple rubber columns. The fixed frame is fixedly installed inside the drying cylinder. The eccentric shaft is coaxially arranged with the drying cylinder. The lower end of the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The crushing disc is located above the fixed frame, and the upper ends of the crushing disc and the eccentric shaft are fixedly connected, with the crushing disc and the eccentric shaft being eccentrically arranged. Multiple crushing holes are formed on the crushing disc.

[0021] Multiple rubber columns are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the crushing disc. The upper end of each rubber column is connected to the crushing disc, and the lower end is connected to a fixed frame. A second motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame, with its output shaft vertically positioned and fixedly connected to an eccentric shaft.

[0022] Furthermore, a fluidized bed dryer and granulator also includes a fluidizing mechanism, which comprises a heater, a fan, and a spray gun. The heater, fan, and spray gun are disposed within the fluidizing chamber. The heater heats the material, and the fan provides fluid power. The spray gun is used to spray a binder onto the material within the fluidizing chamber. A feed inlet is provided inside the drying cylinder, and the feed inlet communicates with the fluidizing chamber.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the fluidized bed drying and granulation machine of this invention, through the configured filtration and crushing mechanisms, during the working stage of the filtration mechanism: when the degree of clogging of the filter bag in one filtration component is greater than that in the filter bag in another filtration component, the first drive component rotates the rotating plate, thereby making the volume of the adjustment chamber corresponding to the more severely clogged filter component larger than the volume of the other adjustment chamber.

[0024] In the increased volume regulating chamber, a portion of the gas rises and is filtered by the filter bag in the corresponding filter assembly. Another portion of the gas enters the decreased volume regulating chamber through the first air hole of the rotating plate, while the remaining gas directly enters the filter assembly with less blockage. This makes the air intake of the two regulating chambers nearly identical, thereby keeping the internal pressure of the boiling chamber consistent and reducing the impact on the boiling of the boiling chamber.

[0025] During the cleaning phase of the filtration mechanism: when the filter bag of one filter component is being cleaned, the opening corresponding to that filter component is first sealed. The second drive component pushes the rotating plate to seal the ventilation channel corresponding to the other filter component, thus reducing the airflow directly from the boiling chamber into the regulating chamber corresponding to the uncleaned filter component. This makes the airflow directly from the boiling chamber into the two regulating chambers nearly identical, thereby maintaining a consistent pressure inside the boiling chamber and reducing the impact on boiling.

[0026] The crushing mechanism crushes the material falling from the filter bag and guides the crushed material to the boiling chamber, thereby reducing the impact on the particle size of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A side view of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along the middle AA direction;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator in the cleaning stage, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the filter mechanism of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator in operation, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 An exploded view of a partial structure of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9A partial structural schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 A partial structural schematic diagram of the transmission unit of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation plate and rotating plate of a fluidized bed dryer / granulator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 100, Drying cylinder; 101, First air outlet; 102, Second air outlet; 201, Spray gun; 202, Second motor; 203, Fixing frame; 204, Rubber column; 205, Crushing disc; 206, Eccentric rotating shaft; 300, Filter bag; 400, Ventilation plate; 410, Rotating plate; 411, First air hole; 412, First baffle; 413, Second baffle; 420, Connecting frame; 430, First channel; 431, First limiting groove; 432, First through groove; 440, Second channel; 441, Second limiting groove; 442, Second through groove; 450, First cavity; 460, Second cavity; 500, Pressure plate; 510, Push rod; 520, Connecting rod; 521, Magnet; 530, Arc plate; 531, Second air hole. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 11 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fluidized bed dryer and granulator, including a drying cylinder 100, a filtering mechanism, and a crushing mechanism. The drying cylinder 100 is vertically arranged, and its interior is divided into a filtering chamber and a fluidized bed chamber from top to bottom.

[0042] The filtration mechanism includes a connecting frame 420, an adjusting assembly, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, and two filter assemblies arranged sequentially along a horizontal direction. The connecting frame 420 is fixedly disposed within the filter chamber. Each filter assembly includes multiple filter bags 300 disposed on the upper side of the connecting frame 420.

[0043] The adjustment assembly includes a ventilation plate 400 and a rotating plate 410. The ventilation plate 400 is fixedly installed inside the filter chamber and located below the connecting frame 420. Two ventilation channels are provided on the ventilation plate 400, each corresponding to one of the two filter components. The rotating plate 410 is rotatably mounted on the ventilation plate 400, dividing the space between the ventilation plate 400 and the connecting frame 420 into two adjustment chambers, each communicating with one of the two ventilation channels. Multiple first air holes 411 are provided on the rotating plate 410. The top of the drying cylinder 100 has openings corresponding to the two filter components.

[0044] The filtration mechanism has a working phase and a cleaning phase. During the working phase, the first drive component rotates the rotating plate 410 according to the degree of clogging of the filter bags 300 in each filter assembly, thereby changing the volume of each regulating chamber. The degree of clogging of the filter bags 300 in each filter assembly is positively correlated with the volume of the corresponding regulating chamber, thus reducing the impact on boiling in the boiling chamber. During the cleaning phase, the second drive component causes the filter bags 300 in one filter assembly to vibrate and pushes the rotating plate 410 to block the ventilation channel corresponding to another filter assembly. A crushing mechanism is located below the filter bags 300 to receive and crush the material falling from the filter bags 300, and guides the crushed material to the boiling chamber.

[0045] The material is dried in the boiling chamber, and the filter bag 300 filters the hot and humid exhaust gas generated by the reaction of the material. When the filtration mechanism is in operation: when the filter bags 300 in the two filtration components are equally clogged, the rotating plate 410 is set vertically, and the two adjusting chambers are of the same size.

[0046] When the filter bag 300 in one filter assembly is more clogged than the filter bag 300 in another filter assembly, the first drive assembly rotates the rotating plate 410, thereby making the volume of the adjustment chamber corresponding to the filter assembly with more severe clogging larger than the volume of the other adjustment chamber.

[0047] At this point, the opening area of ​​the two regulating chambers near the boiling chamber remains unchanged. The regulating chamber with increased volume has an increased opening area near the filter bag 300. The regulating chamber with decreased volume has a decreased opening area near the filter bag 300.

[0048] A portion of the gas in the increased-volume regulating chamber rises and is filtered upwards by the filter bag 300 in the corresponding filter assembly. A portion of the gas enters the decreased-volume regulating chamber through the first air hole 411 of the rotating plate 410, while the remaining gas directly enters the less clogged filter assembly. This ensures that the air intake of both regulating chambers is not affected, maintaining a nearly identical air intake, thereby reducing the impact on boiling in the boiling chamber.

[0049] Cleaning Phase: When the filter bag 300 of one filter assembly is cleaned, the corresponding opening of that filter assembly is first sealed. The second drive assembly pushes the rotating plate 410 to seal the ventilation channel corresponding to the other filter assembly. Gas passes through the first air hole 411 on the rotating plate 410, which reduces the airflow directly from the boiling chamber into the regulating chamber corresponding to the uncleaned filter assembly, making the airflow directly from the boiling chamber into the two regulating chambers nearly equal, thereby reducing the impact on boiling in the boiling chamber.

[0050] The crushing mechanism crushes the material falling from the filter bag 300 and guides the crushed material to the boiling chamber, thereby reducing the impact on the particle size of the material.

[0051] In this embodiment, the two filter components are a first filter bag assembly and a second filter bag assembly. The two ventilation channels are a first channel 430 corresponding to the first filter bag assembly and a second channel 440 corresponding to the second filter bag assembly. The two adjustment chambers are a first chamber 450 communicating with the first channel 430 and a second chamber 460 communicating with the second channel 440. Both the first chamber 450 and the second chamber 460 are in communication with the interior of the filter bag 300.

[0052] A fluidized bed dryer and granulator further includes a suction mechanism, which includes an air pump. Two openings are designated as a first air outlet 101 and a second air outlet 102. The first air outlet 101 corresponds to a first filter bag assembly. The second air outlet 102 corresponds to a second filter bag assembly. Both the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102 are connected to the outside of the filter bag 300.

[0053] Valves are provided at both the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102. The air pump is fixedly installed outside the drying cylinder 100, and the air pump is equipped with two air pipes, which are respectively connected to the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102.

[0054] Start the air pump, which guides the hot and humid waste gas generated by the material reaction upward. After being filtered by the filter bag 300, the hot and humid waste gas is discharged outward from the first outlet 101 and the second outlet 102.

[0055] In this embodiment, the two filter components are distributed in a first direction. The first drive component includes a first drive unit, which includes a first motor. The first motor is fixedly mounted on the ventilation plate 400, and its output shaft is arranged along a second direction. Both the second and first directions are horizontal, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The two sides of the rotating plate 410 parallel to the second direction are a first side and a second side, respectively. The first side of the rotating plate 410 is rotatably connected to the ventilation plate 400. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first side of the rotating plate 410.

[0056] In this embodiment, pressure sensors are provided at both the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102, and a controller is provided on the first motor. The controller controls the first motor to drive the rotating plate 410 to rotate based on the exhaust pressure detected by the pressure sensors at the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102.

[0057] The lower the exhaust pressure at the first outlet 101, the more severe the clogging of the filter bag 300 within the first filter bag assembly. When the exhaust pressure at the first outlet 101 is lower than that at the second outlet 102, the rotation of the rotating plate 410 causes the volume of the first chamber 450 to be greater than the volume of the second chamber 460. When the exhaust pressure at the first outlet 101 is greater than that at the second outlet 102, the rotation of the rotating plate 410 causes the volume of the first chamber 450 to be smaller than the volume of the second chamber 460.

[0058] In this embodiment, a first baffle 412 and a second baffle 413 are fixedly provided on the second side of the rotating plate 410. Along the first direction, a first limiting groove 431 and a first through groove 432 are provided on the side of the first channel 430 away from the second channel 440. A second limiting groove 441 and a second through groove 442 are provided on the side of the second channel 440 away from the first channel 430. Both the first through groove 432 and the second through groove 442 penetrate the ventilation plate 400. When the first baffle 412 and the first limiting groove 431 abut against each other, the second baffle 413 is located in the first through groove 432. When the second baffle 413 and the second limiting groove 441 abut against each other, the first baffle 412 is located in the second through groove 442. The first limiting groove 431 and the second limiting groove 441 are used to limit the rotation plate 410. The first through groove 432 and the second through groove 442 are provided to prevent the first baffle 412, the second baffle 413 from interfering with the ventilation plate 400.

[0059] In this embodiment, the second drive assembly includes two transmission units, each corresponding to one of the two filter assemblies. Each transmission unit includes a pressure plate 500, a push rod 510, and a hydraulic cylinder. The push rod 510 is vertically arranged and slidably mounted on the connecting frame 420. The lower side of the push rod 510 abuts against the rotating plate 410. The pressure plate 500 is horizontally arranged and its upper end is fixedly connected to the push rod 510. The filter bags 300 are vertically arranged, and each pressure plate 500 is fixedly connected to the upper end of multiple filter bags 300 in the corresponding filter assembly. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged inside the drying cylinder 100, with its extended end vertically arranged, and each extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a pressure plate 500.

[0060] The extended end of the hydraulic cylinder continuously extends and shortens, causing the pressure plate 500 to move up and down continuously, thereby cleaning the filter bag 300.

[0061] In this embodiment, each transmission unit further includes a connecting rod 520 and a magnet 521. The connecting rod 520 is vertically arranged, and the connecting rod 520 and the push rod 510 are distributed sequentially along a first direction. The connecting rod 520 is located on the side away from the rotating plate 410 relative to the push rod 510. The upper end of the connecting rod 520 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the pressure plate 500. The magnet 521 is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the connecting rod 520. The length of the connecting rod 520 is greater than the length of the push rod 510.

[0062] The magnet 521 corresponding to the first filter bag assembly and the second baffle 413 are magnetically repelled, which is used to push the rotating plate 410 to deflect closer to the second channel 440. The magnet 521 corresponding to the second filter bag assembly and the first baffle 412 are magnetically repelled, which is used to push the rotating plate 410 to deflect closer to the first channel 430, so that the rotating plate 410 will not obstruct the downward movement of the push rod 510.

[0063] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped plate 530 is fixedly disposed on the lower side of the connecting frame 420, and the arc-shaped plate 530 is disposed along the second direction. The concave surface of the arc-shaped plate 530 faces the rotating plate 410 and abuts against the second side of the rotating plate 410. A plurality of second air holes 531 are provided on the arc-shaped plate 530. A first through hole is also provided on the arc-shaped plate 530 for each push rod 510 and each connecting rod 520 to pass through.

[0064] When the rotating plate 410 is tilted, some gas passes through the second air hole 531 on the arc plate 530 and then into the filter bag 300, preventing gas from directly entering one regulating chamber into another, thereby disturbing the gas in the other regulating chamber.

[0065] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism includes a fixed frame 203, a crushing disc 205, an eccentric rotating shaft 206, a second motor 202, and multiple rubber columns 204. The fixed frame 203 is fixedly installed inside the drying cylinder 100. The eccentric rotating shaft 206 is coaxially arranged with the drying cylinder 100. The lower end of the eccentric rotating shaft 206 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 203. The crushing disc 205 is located above the fixed frame 203, and the upper ends of the crushing disc 205 and the eccentric rotating shaft 206 are fixedly connected, and the crushing disc 205 and the eccentric rotating shaft 206 are eccentrically arranged. Multiple crushing holes are provided on the crushing disc 205.

[0066] Multiple rubber columns 204 are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the crushing disc 205. The upper end of each rubber column 204 is connected to the crushing disc 205, and the lower end is connected to the fixing frame 203. The rubber columns 204 are made of rubber, are flexible, and can be deformed. The second motor 202 is fixedly mounted on the fixing frame 203, and the output shaft of the second motor 202 is vertically arranged, and the output shaft of the second motor 202 is fixedly connected to the eccentric rotating shaft 206.

[0067] The second motor 202 is started, which drives the eccentric shaft 206 to rotate, thereby causing the crushing disc 205 to rotate eccentrically. Small materials that conform to the diameter of the crushing holes return to the boiling chamber through the crushing holes. The peripheral wall of the crushing disc 205 contacts the peripheral wall of the drying cylinder 100, crushing and grinding large materials that do not conform to the diameter of the crushing holes. The crushed material returns to the boiling chamber, thereby reducing the impact on the particle size of the granulated material.

[0068] In this embodiment, a fluidized bed dryer and granulator further includes a fluidization mechanism, which includes a heater, a fan, and a spray gun 201. The heater, fan, and spray gun 201 are disposed within the fluidization chamber. The heater heats the material, and the fan provides fluid power. The spray gun 201 is used to spray a binder onto the material within the fluidization chamber. The spray gun 201 atomizes the binder solution into micron-sized droplets, uniformly spraying them onto the surface of the tumbling solid particles within the fluidization chamber. A feed inlet is provided inside the drying cylinder 100, and the feed inlet communicates with the fluidization chamber.

[0069] Operating process: In the initial state, the valves at the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102 are in the open state. The lower ends of the push rod 510 and the connecting rod 520 do not extend beyond the concave surface of the arc plate 530.

[0070] First, the solid granular material is fed into the boiling chamber through the feed inlet. The heater is started to heat the material, and the blower is started to make the material flow. The spray gun 201 is started to atomize the adhesive solution into micron-sized droplets and spray them evenly onto the surface of the churning solid granular material in the boiling chamber.

[0071] At the same time, the air pump is started, which guides the hot and humid waste gas generated by the material reaction upward. After being filtered by the filter bag 300, the hot and humid waste gas is discharged outward from the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102. At this time, the filtration mechanism is in the working stage.

[0072] When the filter bags 300 in the first filter bag assembly and the second filter bag assembly are blocked to the same degree, the exhaust pressure at the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102 is the same. Therefore, the rotating plate 410 is set vertically, and the first cavity 450 and the second cavity 460 have the same volume.

[0073] When the degree of clogging of the filter bag 300 in the first filter bag assembly is greater than that in the second filter bag assembly, the exhaust pressure at the first outlet 101 is less than the exhaust pressure at the second outlet 102. Therefore, the pressure sensor controls the first motor to rotate the rotating plate 410 via the controller. The rotating plate 410 moves towards the first channel 430, thereby making the volume of the first cavity 450 larger than the volume of the second cavity 460.

[0074] At this time, the opening area of ​​the first chamber 450 and the second chamber 460 near the boiling chamber remains unchanged. The opening area of ​​the first chamber 450 near the filter bag 300 increases, while the opening area of ​​the second chamber 460 near the filter bag 300 decreases.

[0075] Because the filter bag 300 in the first filter bag assembly is more clogged, a portion of the gas entering the first chamber 450 is filtered upwards by the filter bag 300. A portion of the gas enters the second chamber 460 through the first vent 411 of the rotating plate 410 and is then filtered by the filter bag 300 in the second filter bag assembly. Another portion of the gas enters the second filter bag assembly through the second vent 531 on the arc-shaped plate 530. This does not affect the air intake of the first chamber 450 and the second chamber 460; the air intake of the first chamber 450 and the second chamber 460 is nearly identical, thus reducing the impact on the boiling of the boiling chamber.

[0076] When both the filter bags 300 in the first and second filter bag assemblies are severely clogged, cleaning of the filter bags 300 begins, with the rotating plate 410 set vertically. First, the filter bags 300 in the first filter bag assembly are cleaned, and the valve at the first air outlet 101 is closed. At this point, the filtration mechanism is in the cleaning phase.

[0077] Since the valve at the first outlet 101 is closed, most of the airflow rising from the boiling chamber will enter the second chamber 460. A small portion of the airflow enters the first chamber 450, passes through the second air hole 531 on the rotating plate 410, and then enters the first air hole 411. This difference in gas flow rate on the upper side of the boiling chamber will affect the boiling process.

[0078] At this point, the hydraulic cylinder corresponding to the first filter bag assembly is activated. The extended end of the hydraulic cylinder extends first, thereby driving the pressure plate 500, push rod 510, and connecting rod 520 corresponding to the first filter bag assembly to move downwards synchronously. Since the length of the connecting rod 520 is greater than the length of the push rod 510, the lower end of the connecting rod 520 first extends beyond the concave surface of the arc plate 530. The magnet 521 and the second baffle 413 corresponding to the first filter bag assembly repel each other magnetically, pushing the rotating plate 410 to deflect closer to the second channel 440, facilitating the downward movement of the push rod 510.

[0079] Then the push rod 510 contacts the rotating plate 410, and the push rod 510 continues to move downward to push the rotating plate 410 to continue rotating until the second baffle 413 and the second limiting groove 441 abut against each other, and the first baffle 412 is in the second through groove 442.

[0080] The rotating plate 410 blocks the second channel 440, and the gas passes through the first vent 411 on the rotating plate 410. The rotating plate 410 reduces the gas flow rate that directly enters the second chamber 460 from the boiling chamber, making the gas flow rate that directly enters the first chamber 450 and the second chamber 460 from the boiling chamber nearly the same, thereby reducing the impact on the boiling of the boiling chamber.

[0081] Next, the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder shortens, causing the pressure plate 500 to move upward. The continuous extension and shortening of the hydraulic cylinder causes the pressure plate 500 to move up and down continuously, thus cleaning the filter bag 300. The cleaned impurities fall onto the crushing disc 205. Simultaneously, the second motor 202 is started, driving the eccentric shaft 206 to rotate, which in turn drives the crushing disc 205 to rotate eccentrically. Small materials that conform to the diameter of the crushing holes return to the boiling chamber through the crushing holes. The peripheral wall of the crushing disc 205 contacts the peripheral wall of the drying cylinder 100, crushing and grinding large materials that do not conform to the diameter of the crushing holes. The crushed material returns to the boiling chamber, thereby reducing the impact on the particle size of the granulated material.

[0082] After the first filter bag assembly is cleaned, the valve of the first air outlet 101 is opened, the valve of the second air outlet 102 is closed, and the first motor is started, causing the rotating plate 410 to return to its initial vertical position. Then, the hydraulic cylinder corresponding to the second filter bag assembly is activated to clean the second filter bag assembly. This fluidized bed dryer / granulator can clean the filter bag 300 without stopping the machine, resulting in higher working efficiency.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed dryer / granulator, characterized in that: It includes a drying cylinder, a filtration mechanism, and a crushing mechanism; the drying cylinder is vertically arranged and is divided into a filtration chamber and a boiling chamber from top to bottom; the filtration mechanism includes a connecting frame, an adjusting assembly, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, and two filtration assemblies distributed in a horizontal direction; the connecting frame is located inside the filtration chamber; each filtration assembly includes multiple filter bags located on the upper side of the connecting frame; The adjustment assembly includes a ventilation plate and a rotating plate; the ventilation plate is disposed in the filter chamber and located below the connecting frame, and has two ventilation channels, each corresponding to one of the two filter components; the rotating plate is rotatably disposed on the ventilation plate and divides the space between the ventilation plate and the connecting frame into two adjustment chambers that are respectively connected to the two ventilation channels; the rotating plate has a first air hole; the drying cylinder has openings that correspond to one of the two filter components. The filtration mechanism has a working stage and a cleaning stage. During the working stage, the first drive component rotates the rotating plate according to the degree of clogging of the filter bag in each filter assembly to change the volume of each regulating chamber. The degree of clogging of the filter bag in each filter assembly is positively correlated with the volume of the corresponding regulating chamber to reduce the impact on the boiling of the boiling chamber. During the cleaning phase, the second drive component causes the filter bag in one filter assembly to shake and pushes the rotating plate to block the ventilation channel corresponding to the other filter assembly; The crushing mechanism is located below the filter bag and is used to crush the material falling from the filter bag and guide the crushed material to the boiling chamber.

2. The fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two filter components are a first filter bag assembly and a second filter bag assembly, respectively; the two ventilation channels are a first channel corresponding to the first filter bag assembly and a second channel corresponding to the second filter bag assembly, respectively; the two adjustment chambers are a first chamber communicating with the first channel and a second chamber communicating with the second channel, respectively. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator also includes a suction mechanism, which includes an air pump; two openings are a first air outlet and a second air outlet, respectively; the first air outlet corresponds to a first filter bag assembly; and the second air outlet corresponds to a second filter bag assembly. Valves are installed at both the first and second air outlets; the air pump is fixedly installed outside the drying cylinder, and two air pipes are installed on the air pump, which are respectively connected to the first and second air outlets.

3. The fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two filter components are distributed in the first direction; the first drive component includes a first drive unit, the first drive unit includes a first motor, the first motor is fixedly mounted on the ventilation plate, the output shaft of the first motor is arranged along the second direction, both the second direction and the first direction are horizontal, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the two sides of the rotating plate parallel to the second direction are the first side and the second side, respectively, the first side of the rotating plate and the ventilation plate are rotatably connected; the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first side of the rotating plate.

4. The fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: Pressure sensors are installed at both the first and second air outlets, and a controller is installed on the first motor. The controller controls the first motor to drive the rotating plate to rotate based on the exhaust pressure detected by the pressure sensors at the first and second air outlets. The lower the exhaust pressure at the first outlet, the more severe the clogging of the filter bag in the first filter bag assembly. When the exhaust pressure at the first outlet is less than that at the second outlet, the rotation of the rotating plate causes the volume of the first chamber to be greater than that of the second chamber. When the exhaust pressure at the first outlet is greater than that at the second outlet, the rotation of the rotating plate causes the volume of the first chamber to be less than that of the second chamber.

5. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first baffle and a second baffle are fixedly provided on the second side of the rotating plate; along the first direction, a first limiting groove and a first through groove are provided on the side of the first channel away from the second channel; a second limiting groove and a second through groove are provided on the side of the second channel away from the first channel; when the first baffle and the first limiting groove abut against each other, the second baffle is located in the first through groove; when the second baffle and the second limiting groove abut against each other, the first baffle is located in the second through groove; the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are used to limit the rotation plate.

6. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second drive assembly includes two transmission units, each corresponding to one of the two filter assemblies. Each transmission unit includes a pressure plate, a push rod, and a hydraulic cylinder. The push rod is vertically positioned and slides up and down on the connecting frame. The lower side of the push rod abuts against the rotating plate. The pressure plate is horizontally positioned and fixedly connected to the upper end of the push rod. The filter bags are vertically positioned, and each pressure plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of multiple filter bags in the corresponding filter assembly. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly positioned inside the drying cylinder, with its extended end vertically positioned, and each extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a pressure plate.

7. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each transmission unit also includes a connecting rod and a magnet; the connecting rod is vertically arranged, and the connecting rod and the push rod are distributed sequentially along the first direction; and the connecting rod is located on the side away from the rotating plate relative to the push rod; the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the pressure plate; the magnet is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod; the length of the connecting rod is greater than the length of the push rod. The magnet corresponding to the first filter bag assembly and the second baffle are magnetically repulsive, which is used to push the rotating plate to deflect closer to the second channel; the magnet corresponding to the second filter bag assembly and the first baffle are magnetically repulsive, which is used to push the rotating plate to deflect closer to the first channel.

8. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: An arc-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the lower side of the connecting frame, and the arc-shaped plate is arranged along the second direction; the concave surface of the arc-shaped plate faces the rotating plate and abuts against the second side of the rotating plate; multiple second air holes are opened on the arc-shaped plate.

9. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism includes a fixed frame, a crushing disc, an eccentric rotating shaft, a second motor, and multiple rubber columns; the fixed frame is fixedly installed inside the drying cylinder; the eccentric rotating shaft and the drying cylinder are coaxially arranged; the lower end of the eccentric rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame; the crushing disc is located above the fixed frame, and the upper ends of the crushing disc and the eccentric rotating shaft are fixedly connected, and the crushing disc and the eccentric rotating shaft are eccentrically arranged; multiple crushing holes are opened on the crushing disc; Multiple rubber columns are distributed sequentially along the circumference of the crushing disc; the upper end of each rubber column is connected to the crushing disc, and the lower end is connected to the fixed frame; the second motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame, the output shaft of the second motor is vertically mounted, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the eccentric rotating shaft.

10. A fluidized bed dryer and granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a boiling mechanism, which includes a heater, a fan, and a spray gun; the heater, fan, and spray gun are located inside the boiling chamber; the heater heats the material, and the fan provides fluid power; the spray gun is used to spray adhesive onto the material inside the boiling chamber; a feed inlet is provided inside the drying cylinder, and the feed inlet is connected to the boiling chamber.

Images