Optical fiber collimator alignment adjusting mechanism, wireless passive sensing device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of non-contact optical fiber sensing, and particularly discloses an optical fiber collimator alignment adjusting mechanism, a wireless passive sensing device and a wireless passive sensing method. According to the invention, the alignment adjusting mechanism adopts the combination of the large fast reflecting mirror and the small fast reflecting mirror, high-precision alignment of the laser beams is realized through four-axis adjustment and scanning of the light beams, the structure is more compact, only the lenses of the two fast reflecting mirrors swing in the alignment process, and the reliability of a mechanical system is greatly improved. As the second fast reflecting mirror has a large reflecting area, the installation freedom degree of the optical fiber collimator at the passive end is very high, and the installation alignment difficulty of the system is greatly reduced as long as the optical axis of the optical fiber collimator passes through any point on the second fast reflecting mirror; the structure of the active end is smaller, the number of system moving parts is smaller, and the active end is easier to carry out anti-electromagnetic interference packaging; a plurality of passive ends share one active end and one optical fiber collimator alignment adjusting mechanism, so that detection of a plurality of power devices to be detected can be realized, visual identification is not needed, and the whole detection process is simpler and more feasible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of non-contact optical fiber sensing, and more specifically, relates to an optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, a wireless passive sensing device and a method. Background Art

[0002] Centrally monitoring the operating status of high-voltage power equipment, such as temperature, deformation, position, and fluid level, through a central console, will significantly enhance its stable operation. Monitoring the status of high-voltage power equipment is unique, and the optimal method is wireless passive sensing, which avoids the risk of electric shock from physical wiring.

[0003] Fiber optic sensing solutions are well-suited for measuring multi-parameter status monitoring within power equipment. However, in current common fiber optic sensing solutions, the fiber demodulator and sensor are physically connected via optical fiber, which does not meet the requirements of wireless passive sensing in some power industry applications. Patent CN120063345A discloses a non-contact fiber optic sensing system and method, including a passive fiber grating (FBG) sensor and an active demodulator analyzer. The passive fiber grating (FBG) sensor includes an optical fiber and a fiber grating (FBG) sensor connected in series to the optical fiber. The active demodulator analyzer includes a laser light source, an optical circulator, and a demodulator analyzer. One end of the passive fiber grating (FBG) sensor is connected to a first optical fiber collimator. The active demodulator analyzer also includes a second optical fiber collimator and an alignment mechanism. The laser light source is connected to the first end of the optical circulator for outputting an optical signal. The second end of the optical circulator leads to an optical fiber connected to the second optical fiber collimator. The second optical fiber collimator is used to non-contactly align with the first optical fiber collimator under the adjustment of the alignment mechanism, thereby transmitting optical signals bidirectionally. The demodulator analyzer is connected to the third end of the optical circulator.

[0004] Using fiber collimators in pairs is a very common optical coupling method. The alignment of the two fiber collimators and the distance between them have a direct impact on the light coupling efficiency and sensor detection sensitivity. However, the alignment described in patent CN120063345A relies on a 3D vision-based positioning solution, requiring an industrial camera to acquire the 3D coordinates of the first fiber collimator in real time. Current industrial-grade 3D camera technology has significant limitations in terms of working distance—mainstream products typically only support effective measurements within 3 meters, which significantly mismatches the 5-10 meter operating interval commonly required by the power industry. Industrial 3D cameras suitable for this long range (5-10 meters) are extremely scarce on the market and face the dual challenges of high procurement costs and positioning accuracy that fails to meet project requirements. Furthermore, the mechanical structure utilizes a composite system consisting of a 2D linear module integrated with a dual-axis galvanometer. This solution relies on the linear module to drive the galvanometer in a spiral scanning trajectory, resulting in a complex system configuration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the defects of the existing technology, the purpose of this application is to propose a fiber optic collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, a wireless passive sensing device and a method, aiming to solve the problems of existing non-contact fiber optic sensing based on industrial camera alignment, high cost, difficulty in meeting positioning accuracy requirements, and complex system configuration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present application provides an optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, comprising: The first quick-reflection mirror facing the first optical fiber collimator is used to reflect the continuous light emitted by the first optical fiber collimator to the second quick-reflection mirror, and the laser is scanned back and forth on the surface of the second quick-reflection mirror by adjusting the two directions of θx and θy; a second fast-reflecting mirror facing the second optical fiber collimator, configured to reflect each laser beam reflected by the first fast-reflecting mirror to the second optical fiber collimator through coordinated movement of θx and θy; The reflection area of ​​the first quick reflex mirror is smaller than that of the second quick reflex mirror, θx is the pitch angle of the horizontal plane, and θy is the yaw angle of the vertical plane.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the first quick reflex mirror is less than 20 mm, and the diameter of the second quick reflex mirror is greater than 100 mm.

[0008] It should be noted that a larger diameter of the second quick-reflection mirror reduces construction difficulty, but also increases costs. Preferably, the diameter of the second quick-reflection mirror is greater than 100 mm. The first quick-reflection mirror needs to be larger than the laser beam diameter and have a smaller reflective area than the second quick-reflection mirror. Therefore, the diameter of the first quick-reflection mirror is preferably less than 20 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the optical swing angle of the first quick reflex mirror is greater than 18 degrees, and the optical swing angle of the second quick reflex mirror is greater than 20 degrees.

[0010] It should be noted that the wide-angle swing capability of the two fast-reflecting mirrors ensures that the installation error range (±5° sector area) of the passive fiber collimator is still covered at a distance of 10 meters. At the same distance, the galvanometer system in patent CN120063345A requires two-axis linear motion with a mechanical guide rail to compensate. This application eliminates the reliance on linear guide rails and reduces moving parts.

[0011] Preferably, the first quick reflex mirror and the second quick reflex mirror are installed face to face and in parallel, and the following relationship is satisfied between the Z-direction spacing between the two quick reflex mirrors, the X-direction offset of the center line, and the optical swing angle of the first quick reflex mirror:

[0012]

[0013] in, is the distance between the two fast mirrors in the Z direction, is the X-direction offset of the center lines of the two fast mirrors, is the diameter of the second fast-reflecting mirror, is the diameter of the first fast mirror, is the optical swing angle of the first fast reflection mirror, and the Z direction is the distance direction between the first optical fiber collimator and the second optical fiber collimator.

[0014] It should be noted that the present application preferably satisfies the above relationship to prevent the light reflected by the large reflector from being blocked by the small reflector.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a wireless passive sensing device for use in the power industry, comprising: an active end, multiple passive ends, an optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism as described in the first aspect, and a movable carrier, wherein the multiple passive ends are installed on different power equipment to be tested and share the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, and the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism are fixed to the movable carrier; The active end includes a laser light source, an optical circulator, a demodulation analyzer, and a first fiber collimator. The laser light source is connected to the first end of the optical circulator, an optical fiber led out from the second end of the optical circulator is connected to the first fiber collimator, and the demodulation analyzer is connected to the third end of the optical circulator. The sampling period does not exceed the time it takes for the optical axes of the two fiber collimators to maintain alignment. The passive end includes an optical fiber, a fiber Bragg grating sensor connected in series to the optical fiber, and a second fiber collimator, wherein the output end of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is connected to the second fiber collimator; The optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism is used to achieve non-contact alignment between the first optical fiber collimator and the second optical fiber collimator through four-axis coordinated adjustment; The movable carrier is used for patrol monitoring of multiple power equipment to be tested along a preset path.

[0016] Preferably, the distance between the second quick reflection mirror and the second optical fiber collimator ranges from 0 m to 10 m, and the distance between the first quick reflection mirror and the first optical fiber collimator ranges from 20 mm to 200 mm.

[0017] It should be noted that compared with patent CN120063345A, this application extends the effective working distance from 3 meters to 10 meters, meeting the safety spacing requirements of high-voltage power equipment, and does not require expensive long-distance three-dimensional vision systems, reducing deployment difficulty.

[0018] Preferably, at least one section of the fiber grating sensor is packaged for simultaneously monitoring the temperature and deformation of multiple locations on the power equipment; at least one section of the fiber grating sensor is packaged into a liquid level meter for simultaneously monitoring the rainwater depth in the ditch near the power equipment; at least one section of the fiber grating sensor is packaged into a displacement sensor for measuring the position of key components of the power equipment.

[0019] It should be noted that this application prefers the above-mentioned setup, which allows for simultaneous measurement of multiple state parameters within power equipment. This is completely passive, and the laser signal propagating within the optical fiber is not subject to interference from external electromagnetic waves. A single optical fiber can support simultaneous measurement by 20 sensors, reducing wiring by 90% compared to traditional branching solutions for circuit sensing systems, making it suitable for monitoring dense clusters of equipment. Furthermore, multiplexing a single mobile active-end system (including a demodulation module) enables detection of multiple passive terminals, reducing overall system deployment costs.

[0020] Preferably, the movable carrier comprises a translation base and parallel guide rails; The parallel guide rails are laid along the X direction with a repeatability accuracy of ±0.1 mm; The translation base is used to fix the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, and moves to each point to be measured along the parallel guide rails.

[0021] It should be noted that the movable carrier in the prior patent was an unmanned vehicle, and the positioning accuracy after the vehicle moved was at the level of 10 mm. Subsequently, an additional industrial camera was required to further identify the position of the passive end. This application ensures that the optical axis of the second fiber collimator is aligned with the second fast-reflecting mirror during the installation phase. The detection process only requires moving the active end to each test point. The parallel guide rail has a positioning accuracy of ±0.1 mm, so there is no need to further determine the precise position of the passive end. This application combines a ±0.1mm-level translation base with a large mirror optical tolerance (±5° angular range) to achieve a graded alignment of "mechanical coarse positioning + optical fine adjustment", eliminating the need for visual assistance and improving positioning efficiency.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application provides a wireless passive sensing method for use in the power industry. The method is applied to the wireless passive sensing device as described in the second aspect, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the passive end on each power device under test to ensure that the optical axis of the second fiber collimator is aligned with the second fast reflector; S2. Move the active end to the point to be measured and activate the alignment adjustment mechanism of the fiber collimator; S3. At the moment the optical axes of the two fiber collimators are aligned, the demodulation analyzer captures the reflected light signal and then calculates multiple internal state parameters of the power device under test. S4. Move the active end to the next point to be tested and repeat steps S2-S3.

[0023] Preferably, step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S11. Install the passive end on the power device to be tested, move the active end to a location close to the passive end, and record the location as the test point of the current power device to be tested; S12. A visible light laser is input from the other end of the passive optical fiber. The laser passes through the optical fiber and is emitted from the second optical fiber collimator. The posture of the second optical fiber collimator is adjusted so that its optical axis is projected onto the mirror surface of the second fast reflector. S13. After the adjustment is completed, fix the posture of the second fiber collimator.

[0024] It should be noted that the present application projects a visible light band laser spot onto the second fast reflector, and only rough alignment is required during construction, which reduces the complexity of installation; the optical fiber sensor has a simple structure and a long service life.

[0025] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the third aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the second aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0026] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by this application have the following beneficial effects compared with the existing technologies: (1) This application provides an optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism. By combining a small-sized quick-reflection mirror (high-frequency scanning) with a large-sized quick-reflection mirror (large reflection area), compared with the three-dimensional visual positioning and mechanical scanning structure in patent CN120063345A, this application only requires two mirrors to swing and scan in four axes to directly manipulate the beam path, thereby achieving high-precision alignment of the laser beam. The structure is more compact and smaller in size. In addition, only the lenses of the two quick-reflection mirrors swing during the alignment process, and the reliability of the mechanical system is greatly improved.

[0027] (2) This application proposes a wireless passive sensing device for use in the power industry. Due to the large reflection area of ​​the large-diameter quick-reflection mirror, the installation freedom of the passive end fiber collimator is very high. As long as the optical axis of the passive end fiber collimator passes through any point on the large-diameter quick-reflection mirror, the installation tolerance of the passive end is improved from the millimeter level to the centimeter level, significantly reducing the construction difficulty. Based on the above simplification, the active end structure is smaller, and the system moving parts are only two quick-reflection mirrors. The active end is easier to package for electromagnetic interference resistance, which is conducive to the deployment of this solution in the power industry. Multiple passive ends share one active end and fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, which can realize the detection of multiple power equipment to be tested. No visual recognition is required, and the entire detection process is simpler and more feasible. The sampling period of the demodulation analyzer is less than the alignment maintenance time of the optical axes of the two fiber collimators, which can ensure that the signal acquisition is completed at the moment of alignment. The above device can realize the status monitoring of multiple parameters inside and outside the power equipment without physical contact and is completely wireless and passive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an alignment adjustment mechanism of a fiber collimator provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless passive sensing device for use in the power industry, provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0031] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0032] A fast steering mirror (FSM) is also known as a deflection mirror or a precision aiming mirror. In addition, it is also called a fast control mirror or a fast mirror. A fast mirror mainly controls the rapid and high-frequency rotation of the reflective mirror through a driving element (such as piezoelectric ceramics or voice coil motors), thereby achieving high-speed, precise pointing, stabilization, and tracking of the light beam. Taking a piezoelectric ceramic-driven fast mirror as an example, its core components include a driving unit, a transmission mechanism, a feedback unit, and a reflective mirror. The driving unit is based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics and achieves nanometer-level displacement by applying voltage. The fast mirror in this application uses a voice coil motor to achieve a wide range of angle scanning; the transmission mechanism uses a flexible hinge to transmit motion through elastic deformation without mechanical friction, ensuring transmission accuracy and reliability; the feedback unit uses strain gauges or capacitive sensors to achieve full closed-loop control, and the angle control accuracy can reach the micro-radian level.

[0033] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides an optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, comprising: The first quick-reflection mirror facing the first optical fiber collimator is used to reflect the continuous light emitted by the first optical fiber collimator to the second quick-reflection mirror, and the laser is scanned back and forth on the surface of the second quick-reflection mirror by adjusting the two directions of θx and θy; a second fast-reflecting mirror facing the second optical fiber collimator, configured to reflect each laser beam reflected by the first fast-reflecting mirror to the second optical fiber collimator through coordinated movement of θx and θy; The reflection area of ​​the first quick reflex mirror is smaller than that of the second quick reflex mirror, θx is the pitch angle of the horizontal plane, and θy is the yaw angle of the vertical plane.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the present application, x is the horizontal direction, y is the vertical direction, z is the spacing direction between the active end and the passive end (the first fiber optic collimator and the second fiber optic collimator), θx is the pitch angle on the horizontal plane, and θy is the yaw angle on the vertical plane.

[0036] Preferably, the diameter of the first quick reflex mirror is less than 20 mm, and the diameter of the second quick reflex mirror is greater than 100 mm.

[0037] Preferably, the optical swing angle of the first quick reflex mirror is greater than 18 degrees, and the optical swing angle of the second quick reflex mirror is greater than 20 degrees.

[0038] Preferably, the first quick reflex mirror and the second quick reflex mirror are installed face to face and in parallel, and the following relationship is satisfied between the Z-direction spacing between the two quick reflex mirrors, the X-direction offset of the center line, and the optical swing angle of the first quick reflex mirror:

[0039]

[0040] in, is the distance between the two fast mirrors in the Z direction, is the X-direction offset of the center lines of the two fast mirrors, is the diameter of the second fast-reflecting mirror, is the diameter of the first fast mirror, is the optical swing angle of the first fast reflection mirror, and the Z direction is the distance direction between the first optical fiber collimator and the second optical fiber collimator.

[0041] During installation, the two quick reflex mirrors are placed face to face and in parallel, and then the housing of the quick reflex mirror structure is fixed. During detection, the mirrors of the two quick reflex mirrors are not required to be parallel.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a wireless passive sensing device for use in the power industry, comprising: an active end, multiple passive ends, the above-mentioned optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, and a movable carrier, wherein the multiple passive ends are installed on different power equipment to be tested and share the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, and the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism are fixed on the movable carrier; The active end includes a laser light source, an optical circulator (not shown in the figure), a demodulation analyzer, and a first fiber collimator. The laser light source is connected to the first end of the optical circulator, the optical fiber led out from the second end of the optical circulator is connected to the first fiber collimator, and the demodulation analyzer is connected to the third end of the optical circulator. The sampling period does not exceed the time it takes for the optical axes of the two fiber collimators to maintain alignment. The passive end includes an optical fiber, a fiber Bragg grating sensor connected in series to the optical fiber, and a second fiber collimator, wherein the output end of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is connected to the second fiber collimator; The optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism is used to achieve non-contact alignment between the first optical fiber collimator and the second optical fiber collimator through four-axis coordinated adjustment; The movable carrier is used for patrol monitoring of multiple power equipment to be tested along a preset path.

[0043] A collimator can align the laser light in the optical fiber into a 1 mm diameter beam. This beam is then used by the optical signals on both sides for spatial optical communication. Bidirectional communication is only possible when the optical axes of the active and passive sensing ends are perfectly aligned. The laser beam diameter in free space is only 1 mm, and the optical axis of the passive end is invisible during operation of the sensing system. Therefore, achieving alignment of the two optical axes is extremely challenging.

[0044] The wireless passive sensing device proposed in this application disconnects the physical connecting fibers of a traditional fiber-optic sensing system. Fiber-optic collimators are installed on both sides to convert the laser beam into a 1mm diameter spatial optical signal for bidirectional communication. A first and second quick-reflection mirror are added between the two fiber-optic collimators. As long as the optical axis of the passive second fiber-optic collimator is within the range of the second quick-reflection mirror, during the laser beam scanning process, when the laser beam at the active end precisely coincides with the optical axis of the passive fiber-optic collimator at a certain moment, the demodulator analyzer can capture this optical signal in real time. After the laser enters the passive fiber, it is reflected back to the demodulator by the fiber-optic sensor array. By analyzing the wavelength offset of each fiber-optic sensor's reflection peak (with a resolution of up to 1pm), the changes in physical parameters such as temperature and strain at the corresponding monitoring point can be synchronously calculated.

[0045] Preferably, the distance between the second quick reflection mirror and the second optical fiber collimator ranges from 0 m to 10 m, and the distance between the first quick reflection mirror and the first optical fiber collimator ranges from 20 mm to 200 mm.

[0046] Preferably, the second optical fiber collimator is 0-10 meters away from the active end and within the range of ±5 degrees in the fan-shaped area.

[0047] Preferably, at least one section of the fiber grating sensor is packaged for simultaneously monitoring the temperature and deformation of multiple locations on the power equipment; at least one section of the fiber grating sensor is packaged into a liquid level meter for simultaneously monitoring the rainwater depth in the ditch near the power equipment; at least one section of the fiber grating sensor is packaged into a displacement sensor for measuring the position of key components of the power equipment.

[0048] Through wavelength division multiplexing, up to 20 fiber optic sensors can be multiplexed on a single optical fiber to simultaneously monitor temperature and deformation, position, liquid level, etc., supporting multi-point measurement and covering key parts inside and outside the power equipment.

[0049] Preferably, the movable carrier includes a translation base and parallel guide rails; the parallel guide rails are laid along the X-axis with a repeatability accuracy of ±0.1 mm. The translation base is used to fix the active end and the fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism and move along the parallel guide rails to each test point. The first and second quick-reflection mirrors are fixed to the translation base and move with the active end.

[0050] The present application provides a wireless passive sensing method for use in the power industry. The method is applied to the above-mentioned wireless passive sensing device and includes the following steps: S1. Install the passive end on each power device under test to ensure that the optical axis of the second fiber collimator is aligned with the second fast reflector; S2. Move the active end to the point to be measured and activate the alignment adjustment mechanism of the fiber collimator; S3. At the moment the optical axes of the two fiber collimators are aligned, the demodulation analyzer captures the reflected light signal and then calculates multiple internal state parameters of the power device under test. S4. Move the active end to the next point to be tested and repeat steps S2-S3.

[0051] Preferably, step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S11. Install the passive end on the power equipment to be tested, move the active end to a position close to the passive end, and record the position as the test point of the current power equipment to be tested.

[0052] S12. Input visible light laser from the other end of the passive optical fiber. The laser passes through the optical fiber and is emitted from the second optical fiber collimator. Adjust the posture of the second optical fiber collimator so that its optical axis is projected onto the mirror surface of the second fast reflector.

[0053] S13. After the adjustment is completed, fix the posture of the second fiber collimator.

[0054] In this embodiment, a red light pen projects a light spot onto the second quick-reflector mirror. Red light (wavelength 650nm) is emitted from the passive fiber collimator. This emitted light forms the optical axis of the passive collimator and is required to intersect the large-diameter quick-reflector mirror. During construction, a two-axis adjustment mechanism is typically installed at the passive fiber collimator mounting point. Once the adjustment is complete, the second fiber collimator is fixed and the red light pen is removed. The red light pen is compact and easy to carry and use for construction workers.

[0055] Preferably, step S2 includes the following sub-steps: S21. The active end moves on the guide rail to the point to be detected and starts the dual-mirror scanning system.

[0056] S22. The system uses two quick-reflection mirrors, a small quick-reflection mirror and a large quick-reflection mirror. The specific scanning method is as follows: a continuous laser beam at the active end is emitted from the fiber collimator and reaches the small quick-reflection mirror. The small quick-reflection mirror swings along its two axes θx and θy to scan the laser beam back and forth on the surface of the large quick-reflection mirror. The two axes θx and θy of the large quick-reflection mirror move in coordination to reflect each laser beam to the passive end fiber collimator.

[0057] Preferably, step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31. At the moment of optical axis alignment, the broadband laser emitted by the laser light source at the active end passes through the circulator, is emitted from the active end fiber collimator, and enters the passive end fiber collimator.

[0058] At a certain moment, the laser beam at the active end coincides with the optical axis of the passive end, and the high-frequency sampling demodulation module can capture the signal.

[0059] S32. Broadband laser light propagates along the optical fiber and is reflected by the corresponding wavelength laser light when it encounters each optical fiber sensor.

[0060] S33. The reflected laser returns from the passive fiber collimator to the active fiber collimator, passes through the circulator, and enters the demodulation module. The demodulation module has a wavelength analysis function. By analyzing the peak offset of the laser wavelength reflected by the fiber sensor array, the temperature and strain parameters are calculated.

[0061] The demodulation algorithm belongs to the existing technology, including but not limited to: various demodulation algorithms mentioned in the paper "Review of Research Progress of High-Precision Demodulation Algorithms for Fiber Bragg Gratings".

[0062] This application supports integration with the Internet of Things and cloud computing technologies. Real-time sensor data can be directly uploaded to the central control system via optical communication, enabling centralized management, fault prediction, and intelligent maintenance.

[0063] In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order of objects. For example, the terms "first response message" and "second response message" are used to distinguish different response messages, rather than to describe a specific order of response messages.

[0064] The term "electrical connection" in this application can be a direct circuit connection or signal transmission through a communication protocol.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more, for example, multiple processing units means two or more processing units, etc.; multiple elements means two or more elements, etc.

[0067] It should be understood that expressions such as "include" and "may include" used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "include" and / or "have" may be interpreted as indicating specific characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof, but may not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0068] In addition, in this application, the expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed words. For example, the expression "A and / or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Among them, "fixed connection" means that the two are connected to each other and the relative position relationship after the connection remains unchanged. "Rotational connection" means that the two are connected to each other and can rotate relative to each other after the connection. "Sliding connection" means that the two are connected to each other and can slide relative to each other after the connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc., are only reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0070] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the mathematical concepts mentioned include symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity. These limitations are all for the current state of the art, rather than being absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. A small amount of deviation is allowed, and it is possible to be approximately symmetric, approximately equal, approximately parallel, or approximately perpendicular. For example, A and B are parallel, which means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. A and B are perpendicular, which means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, characterized in that: include: The first quick-reflection mirror facing the first optical fiber collimator is used to reflect the continuous light emitted by the first optical fiber collimator to the second quick-reflection mirror, and the laser is scanned back and forth on the surface of the second quick-reflection mirror by adjusting the two directions of θx and θy; a second fast-reflecting mirror facing the second optical fiber collimator, configured to reflect each laser beam reflected by the first fast-reflecting mirror to the second optical fiber collimator through coordinated movement of θx and θy; The reflection area of ​​the first quick reflex mirror is smaller than that of the second quick reflex mirror, θx is the pitch angle of the horizontal plane, and θy is the yaw angle of the vertical plane.

2. The optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the first quick reflex mirror is less than 20 mm, and the diameter of the second quick reflex mirror is greater than 100 mm.

3. The optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The optical swing angle of the first quick reflex mirror is greater than 18 degrees, and the optical swing angle of the second quick reflex mirror is greater than 20 degrees.

4. The optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The first quick reflex mirror and the second quick reflex mirror are installed face to face and in parallel. The following relationship is satisfied between the Z-direction spacing between the two quick reflex mirrors, the X-direction offset of the center line, and the optical swing angle of the first quick reflex mirror: in, is the distance between the two fast mirrors in the Z direction, is the X-direction offset of the center lines of the two fast mirrors, is the diameter of the second fast-reflecting mirror, is the diameter of the first fast mirror, is the optical swing angle of the first fast reflection mirror, and the Z direction is the distance direction between the first optical fiber collimator and the second optical fiber collimator.

5. A wireless passive sensing device used in the power industry, characterized in that: include: An active end, a plurality of passive ends, an optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and a movable carrier, wherein the plurality of passive ends are installed on different power equipment to be tested and share the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, and the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism are fixed on the movable carrier; The active end includes a laser light source, an optical circulator, a demodulation analyzer, and a first fiber collimator. The laser light source is connected to the first end of the optical circulator, an optical fiber led out from the second end of the optical circulator is connected to the first fiber collimator, and the demodulation analyzer is connected to the third end of the optical circulator. The sampling period does not exceed the time it takes for the optical axes of the two fiber collimators to maintain alignment. The passive end includes an optical fiber, a fiber Bragg grating sensor connected in series to the optical fiber, and a second fiber collimator, wherein the output end of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is connected to the second fiber collimator; The optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism is used to achieve non-contact alignment between the first optical fiber collimator and the second optical fiber collimator through four-axis coordinated adjustment; The movable carrier is used for patrol monitoring of multiple power equipment to be tested along a preset path.

6. The wireless passive sensing device according to claim 5, wherein: The distance between the second quick reflection mirror and the second optical fiber collimator ranges from 0m to 10m, and the distance between the first quick reflection mirror and the first optical fiber collimator ranges from 20mm to 200mm.

7. The wireless passive sensing device according to claim 5, wherein: At least one section of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is packaged to simultaneously monitor the temperature and deformation of multiple locations on the power equipment; at least one section of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is packaged into a liquid level meter to simultaneously monitor the rainwater depth in the ditch near the power equipment; at least one section of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is packaged into a displacement sensor to measure the position of key components of the power equipment.

8. The wireless passive sensing device according to claim 5, wherein: The movable carrier includes a translation base and parallel guide rails; The parallel guide rails are laid along the X direction with a repeatability accuracy of ±0.1 mm; The translation base is used to fix the active end and the optical fiber collimator alignment adjustment mechanism, and moves to each point to be measured along the parallel guide rails.

9. A wireless passive sensing method applied to the power industry, characterized in that: The method is applied to the wireless passive sensing device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the passive end on each power device under test to ensure that the optical axis of the second fiber collimator is aligned with the second fast reflector; S2. Move the active end to the point to be measured and activate the alignment adjustment mechanism of the fiber collimator; S3. At the moment the optical axes of the two fiber collimators are aligned, the demodulation analyzer captures the reflected light signal and then calculates multiple internal state parameters of the power device under test. S4. Move the active end to the next point to be tested and repeat steps S2-S3.

10. The wireless passive sensing method according to claim 9, wherein: Step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S11. Install the passive end on the power device to be tested, move the active end to a location close to the passive end, and record the location as the test point of the current power device to be tested; S12. A visible light laser is input from the other end of the passive optical fiber. The laser passes through the optical fiber and is emitted from the second optical fiber collimator. The posture of the second optical fiber collimator is adjusted so that its optical axis is projected onto the mirror surface of the second fast reflector. S13. After the adjustment is completed, fix the posture of the second fiber collimator.

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