Surface cleaning and detecting device and method for rare earth electrolysis finished product metal ingot

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, in particular to a rare earth electrolysis finished product metal ingot surface cleaning and detecting device and method.The device comprises a main body rack, a plate chain conveyor, a cylindrical surface cleaning system, an end face cleaning-detecting system and a waste recycling system, and the main body rack serves as a basic supporting structure to be fixedly connected with the ground; the plate chain conveyor is horizontally installed above the body rack, the cylindrical surface cleaning system is integrated above the middle section of the plate chain conveyor and transversely arranged on the two sides of the body rack in a crossing mode, the end face cleaning-detecting systems are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the tail end of the plate chain conveyor and connected with the cylindrical surface cleaning system, and the waste recycling system is installed at the bottom of the plate chain conveyor. Blanks enter from the front section of the plate chain conveyor, the height of the blanks is adjusted through the lifting guide rack after the blanks reach the middle section, cylindrical surface cleaning is completed through the cylindrical surface cleaning system, then the blanks are conveyed to the rear section to complete end surface cleaning, the cleaning quality is detected and judged, and waste generated during cleaning is classified and recycled through the double-layer screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, and in particular to a surface cleaning and detection device and method for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots. Background Art

[0002] Surface cleaning of rare earth molten salt electrolysis metal ingots is a crucial link in the rare earth industry chain. Its quality directly impacts the accuracy of subsequent composition testing and the added value of the product. Current technology primarily relies on manual cleaning, using physical grinding to remove impurities such as slag and scale from the ingot surface. For example, during manual cleaning, workers primarily use hammers and other tools to strike the surface of the metal ingot to dislodge any adhering electrolyte. This method is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also makes it difficult to completely remove electrolyte trapped in gaps and cracks, and can easily cause molten salt splashes and injuries. Currently, the field of surface cleaning of rare earth molten salt electrolysis metal ingots lacks dedicated intelligent, integrated cleaning and inspection equipment. Surface quality inspection primarily relies on manual visual inspection. The lack of intelligent inspection modules leads to issues such as missed detections and a lack of real-time data feedback, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-precision and efficient quality control.

[0003] Furthermore, existing technologies for waste recycling primarily focus on dust collection, but are inadequate for separating and classifying larger waste particles. For example, some devices use a single-layer screen to separate waste, but this lacks precision, leading to the mixing of metal debris and dust, increasing subsequent processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface cleaning and detection device and method for rare earth electrolytic finished metal ingots. By integrating a multi-directional synchronous cleaning mechanism, an intelligent visual detection module and a screen layered recovery device, automatic cleaning of the entire surface of the billet, real-time quality judgment and waste classification recovery are achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a surface cleaning and detection device for finished metal ingots produced by rare earth electrolysis, comprising a main frame, a plate chain conveyor, a cylindrical surface cleaning system, an end surface cleaning-detection system, and a waste recovery system. The main frame serves as a basic support structure and is fixedly connected to the ground and arranged longitudinally. The plate chain conveyor is horizontally installed above the main frame. The cylindrical surface cleaning system is integrated above the middle section of the plate chain conveyor and is laterally arranged on both sides of the main frame. The end surface cleaning-detection system is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the plate chain conveyor and is connected to the cylindrical surface cleaning system. The waste recovery system is installed at the bottom of the plate chain conveyor.

[0006] The left and right chassis of the end face cleaning and detection system are symmetrically installed above the main frame, and are reinforced in the middle by thick gaskets; the upper chassis is arranged across the top, and its lower part is fixedly connected to the upper and lower clamping frames; all chassis are equipped with motor drive modules and circuit systems;

[0007] The end face cleaning-detection system also includes a left end face rotating brush head, a right end face rotating brush head, a transverse stepping motor, a left end face camera, a right end face camera and a cylindrical camera. The left end face rotating brush head is integrated on the outside of the left chassis, the right end face rotating brush head and the left end face rotating brush head are symmetrically arranged and set on the outside of the right chassis, the transverse stepping motor is fixed on one side of the left chassis, and drives the left and right end face rotating brush heads to move axially toward the workpiece by controlling the internal screw transmission of the left and right chassis; the left end face camera is installed at the front end of the left chassis, the right end face camera is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the right chassis, and the cylindrical camera is set in the middle of the upper chassis.

[0008] Among them, the side beams of the plate chain conveyor are arranged parallel to the left and right, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft horizontally pass through the sprocket and the square connecting bearing, and are arranged symmetrically and parallel; the left and right sides of the driven shaft are connected to the tensioning plate, and the tensioning plate is set between the square connecting bearing and the driven shaft, and is equipped with a tensioning bolt to realize the tensioning function; two sprockets are assembled in the middle of the driving shaft, and two sprockets are synchronously assembled at the corresponding positions of the driven shaft. A chain is engaged on each pair of sprockets, and the workpiece carrier is fixed at intervals on the chain surface; the driving shaft is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the reducer input end is directly connected to the frequency conversion motor.

[0009] Among them, the support plate in the cylindrical cleaning system is horizontally fixed on four positioning seats, which are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the frame to form a basic support; the left and right arm plates vertically clamp the cylindrical brush head and are laterally reinforced by support rods;

[0010] The lifting plate is embedded with a roller, which contacts the bottom of the workpiece; the stepper motor, lifting drive reducer, and lifting plate are connected in sequence, and the lifting plate is lifted vertically along the guide lifting frame; the guide lifting frame is vertically fixed under the support plate;

[0011] The cylindrical brush head is axially arranged horizontally between the left and right arm plates, and its rotating shaft is connected to the speed regulating motor through a driving reducer; the cover plate covers the cylindrical brush head and the top of the arm plate; the rear cover plate is installed on the rear side of the device, forming a closed cleaning cavity with the cover plate; the driving reducer and the speed regulating motor are integrated on the outside of the left and right arm plates, and the cylindrical brush head is driven by a combination of gears and belt drives.

[0012] The waste recovery system is provided with a double-layer screen, and the recovery bin is provided with pipes respectively connected to the cylindrical cleaning system and the end face cleaning-detection system.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a surface cleaning and detection method for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots, which uses the surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots, including the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Blank conveying and positioning to achieve feeding and height adjustment;

[0015] Step 2: Cylinder cleaning;

[0016] Step 3: The end face is cleaned and inspected using AI algorithms. Qualified blanks continue to be conveyed; unqualified blanks trigger an alarm and are sent to a manual re-inspection station;

[0017] Step 4: Waste classification and recycling.

[0018] Optionally, the execution process of the AI ​​algorithm in step 3 includes the following steps:

[0019] Image acquisition;

[0020] Image preprocessing;

[0021] AI inference;

[0022] Defect determination;

[0023] Result output.

[0024] The present invention provides a surface cleaning and inspection device and method for finished rare earth electrolysis metal ingots. The device comprises a main frame, a plate chain conveyor, a cylindrical cleaning system, an end-face cleaning and inspection system, and a waste recovery system. The main frame serves as the basic support structure and is fixedly connected to the ground in a longitudinal arrangement. The plate chain conveyor is mounted horizontally above the main frame. The cylindrical cleaning system is integrated above the middle section of the plate chain conveyor and spans laterally on both sides of the main frame. The end-face cleaning and inspection system is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the plate chain conveyor and connects to the cylindrical cleaning system. The waste recovery system is mounted at the bottom of the plate chain conveyor. The ingot enters the front section of the plate chain conveyor and, upon reaching the middle section, is adjusted in height by a lifting guide frame. The cylindrical cleaning system completes cylindrical cleaning and then transports the ingot to the rear section for end-face cleaning and inspection to determine cleaning quality. The resulting waste is graded and recovered using a double-layer screen. By integrating the entire process of ingot conveying, cleaning, inspection, and waste recovery, the present invention effectively addresses the technical bottlenecks of traditional processes, such as large cleaning blind spots, high detection miss rates, and severe resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2The present invention is a schematic diagram of the chain conveyor structure of a surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots.

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical cleaning system of a surface cleaning and detection device for a rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingot.

[0029] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an end face cleaning-detection system of a surface cleaning and detection device for a rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingot.

[0030] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a surface cleaning and detection method for a rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingot.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart of an AI algorithm for the detection steps in a surface cleaning detection method for a rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingot of the present invention.

[0032] 1-Main frame, 2-Waste recycling system, 3-Plate chain conveyor, 4-Cylinder cleaning system, 5-End face cleaning-detection system, 6-Sprocket, 7-Square connecting bearing, 8-Driven shaft, 9-Tensioning bolt, 10-Tensioning plate, 11-Chain, 12-Fixed workpiece carrier, 13-Side beam, 14-Frequency conversion motor, 15-Worm gear reducer, 16-Drive shaft, 17-Support plate, 18-Left and right arm plates, 19-Cylinder brush head, 20-Roller, 21-Cover plate, 22-Support rod, 2 3-rear cover, 24-drive reducer, 25-speed regulating motor, 26-lifting plate, 27-lifting frame, 28-lifting drive reducer, 29-stepping motor, 30-workpiece, 31-positioning seat, 32-transverse stepping motor, 33-left chassis, 34-left end face camera, 35-left end face rotating brush head, 36-upper and lower clamping frames, 37-upper chassis, 38-cylindrical camera, 39-right end face rotating brush head, 40-right end face camera, 41-right chassis, 42-thick gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolytic finished metal ingots, including a main frame 1, a plate chain conveyor 3, a cylindrical cleaning system 4, an end surface cleaning-detection system 5 and a waste recovery system 2.

[0035] Specific examples Figure 1 As shown, the main frame 1 serves as the basic support structure of the device, extending longitudinally to cover the entire equipment area and fixedly connected to the ground. A rigid frame is provided to support the remaining functional modules, and the welded structure of the beams and columns ensures overall stability and carries dynamic loads and vibrations. The plate chain conveyor 3 is horizontally installed above the main frame, passing through the workpiece entrance and exit areas. The sprocket-chain transmission is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the cylindrical workpiece is continuously conveyed to the cleaning station through the chain plate; the conveying speed is adjustable to adapt to different process rhythms. The cylindrical cleaning system 4 is integrated above the middle section of the plate chain conveyor and is laterally spanned on both sides of the main frame. Working principle: The cylindrical cylindrical brush head rotates at high speed, circumferentially grinding the cylindrical surface of the workpiece to remove oxide scale and slag; the brush head pressure is dynamically adjusted by the servo motor to avoid overload damage to the surface. The end face cleaning-detection system 5 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the plate chain conveyor and connected to the cylindrical cleaning system. Dual rotating brushes move along the workpiece's axis, simultaneously cleaning both ends. Brush speed and pressure are independently controlled. A high-resolution industrial camera captures real-time images of the end faces and analyzes surface finish and defects. The waste recovery system 2 is installed at the base of the plate chain conveyor 3 and each cleaning system, aligned vertically with the cleaning stations. The cleaned waste is graded by a double-layer screen, and dust is piped into a recovery bin for classified recovery.

[0036] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the plate chain conveyor 3. Side beams 13 are arranged parallel to each other. The driving shaft 16 and the driven shaft 8 extend horizontally through the sprocket 6 and the square connecting bearing 7, forming a symmetrical parallel arrangement. The driven shaft 8 is connected to the left and right sides of the tensioning plate 10. The tensioning plate 10 is located between the square connecting bearing 7 and the driven shaft 8, and its tensioning function is achieved through the tensioning bolts 9 provided thereon, which are used to enhance the rigidity of the frame. Two sprockets 1 are assembled in the middle of the driving shaft, and two sprockets 6 are synchronously assembled in corresponding positions on the driven shaft. Each pair of sprockets engages a chain 11, and workpiece carriers 12 are fixed to the surface of the chain at intervals, forming a double chain for carrying and conveying metal billets. The driving shaft 16 is connected to a worm gear reducer 15, and the reducer input is directly connected to the variable frequency motor 14. The variable frequency motor 14 controls the transmission speed of the chain 11 by adjusting the speed to adapt to different cleaning process requirements.

[0037] like Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the cylindrical cleaning system 4 is shown. It includes a main frame: a support plate 17 is horizontally fixed on four positioning seats 31, which are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the frame to form a basic support; left and right arm plates 18 vertically clamp the cylindrical brush head 19, and are laterally reinforced by support rods 22 to enhance structural stability.

[0038] Workpiece lifting module: The lifting plate 26 is embedded with the roller 20, and the roller 20 contacts the bottom of the workpiece 30; the stepper motor 29 drives the reducer 28 to control the vertical lifting of the lifting plate 26 along the guide lifting frame 27 through the lifting and lowering, adjusting the workpiece 30 to the preset cleaning height; the guide lifting frame 27 is vertically fixed under the support plate 17 to constrain the movement trajectory of the lifting plate 26.

[0039] Cleaning execution: The cylindrical brush head 19 is axially arranged horizontally between the left and right arm plates 18, and its rotating shaft is connected to the speed regulating motor 25 through the drive reducer 24 to achieve rotary cleaning; the cover plate 21 covers the cylindrical brush head 19 and the top of the arm plate 18 to prevent waste from splashing.

[0040] Protection and assistance: The rear cover plate 23 is installed on the rear side of the device, forming a closed cleaning cavity with the cover plate 21; the drive reducer 24 and the speed regulating motor 25 are integrated on the outside of the left and right arm plates 18, and the cylindrical brush head 19 is driven by a combination of gears and belt drive.

[0041] Figure 4 The diagram of the end face cleaning and detection system 5 is shown in FIG. The left chassis 32 and the right chassis 41 are symmetrically mounted above the main frame, and are reinforced in the middle by a thick gasket 42 to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The upper chassis 37 is arranged across the top, and its lower part is fixedly connected to the upper and lower clamping frames 36 to stabilize the workpiece cleaning position. The chassis are equipped with a motor drive module and a circuit system. The left end face rotating brush head 35 is integrated on the outside of the left chassis 33 and is driven to rotate by the motor and circuit system inside the chassis to clean the left cross section of the workpiece. The right end face rotating brush head 39 is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the right chassis 41 and is independently controlled by the motor and circuit system inside the chassis to clean the right cross section synchronously. The lateral stepping motor 32 is fixed on the outside of the left chassis 33 and drives the left and right end face rotating brush heads to move axially toward the workpiece by controlling the internal screw transmission of the left and right chassis, and adjusts the brush heads to the preset cleaning distance. The left end face camera 34 is installed at the front end of the left chassis 33 to capture the left end face cleaning effect image in real time; the right end face camera 40 is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the right chassis 41 to detect the quality of the right end face; the cylindrical camera 38 is set in the middle of the upper chassis 37 to monitor the cleaning status of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

[0042] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a surface cleaning and detection method for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots, using the surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Blank conveying and positioning to achieve feeding and height adjustment;

[0044] Step 2: Cylinder cleaning;

[0045] Step 3: The end face is cleaned and inspected using AI algorithms. Qualified blanks continue to be conveyed; unqualified blanks trigger an alarm and are sent to a manual re-inspection station;

[0046] Step 4: Waste classification and recycling.

[0047] The specific location relationship and collaboration process are as follows:

[0048] The workpiece is uniformly transported to the cylindrical surface cleaning station via a plate chain conveyor → the cylindrical surface cleaning system completes the cylindrical surface grinding → the workpiece enters the end surface cleaning-detection system, which simultaneously cleans and detects both end surfaces → the waste recycling system collects and screens waste in real time → qualified workpieces are transported to the downstream, and unqualified ones are marked for rework. Figure 5 It shows the collaborative relationship of the entire process from blank transportation, cleaning, inspection to waste recovery.

[0049] The following is a further explanation based on the execution steps:

[0050] Step 1: Blank conveying and positioning:

[0051] Chain Conveyor Feed: The metal blanks to be cleaned enter the front section of the chain conveyor and are carried forward at a constant speed by workpiece carriers spaced at regular intervals on the meshing chain. Height Adjustment: When the blanks reach the middle section, the lifting plate, driven by a stepper motor and a reducer, rises and falls vertically along the guide hoist frame. Based on the height sensor signal, the blanks are adjusted to the preset cleaning height, ensuring that their central axis is aligned with the axis of the cylindrical brush head.

[0052] Step 2: Cylinder cleaning:

[0053] Cleaning Execution: A cylindrical brush head is positioned horizontally between the left and right arm plates, driven by a speed-regulating motor through a reducer to rotate at high speed. As the workpiece moves at a constant speed in the middle section of the chain conveyor, the cylindrical brush head performs a 360-degree polish on the cylindrical surface, removing scale and slag. Protection and Stability: A cover plate covers the top of the brush head to prevent waste from splashing; the rear cover plate and cover plate form a closed cleaning chamber; and the left and right arm plates are laterally reinforced with braces to ensure a stable cleaning process.

[0054] Step 3: End face cleaning and inspection:

[0055] End-face cleaning: When the billet reaches the rear section of the plate chain conveyor, the left and right end-face rotating brush heads, driven by a motor inside the box, move axially and apply pressure to simultaneously clean the billet's two ends. The brush head speed and travel distance are precisely controlled by a transverse stepper motor via a lead screw drive. Quality inspection: The left and right end-face cameras, as well as the cylindrical camera, capture real-time images of the billet surface and analyze them for defects such as residual scale and cracks using an AI algorithm. Inspection results are uploaded to the central controller, and qualified billets continue to be conveyed; unqualified billets trigger an alarm and are sent to a manual re-inspection station. Figure 6 This is the AI ​​algorithm flow chart.

[0056] Figure 6This paper describes the image acquisition, preprocessing, AI inference, and judgment logic of the surface defect detection algorithm. Image acquisition: The left-end face camera, right-end face camera, and cylindrical camera are used to synchronously capture images of the blank surface. Image preprocessing: The images are grayscaled, Gaussian filtered for denoising, and histogram equalized to improve the accuracy of subsequent analysis. AI model inference: A lightweight convolutional neural network is used as input for the preprocessed image and outputs the probability of residual scale, the probability of crack presence, and a surface roughness score. Defect judgment: A threshold is set (e.g., scale coverage > 2% or crack length > 1mm is considered unqualified) to automatically classify qualified and unqualified blanks. Result output: Qualified blanks are transported normally, while unqualified blanks trigger an alarm and are sorted to a manual re-inspection station.

[0057] Step 4: Waste classification and recycling:

[0058] Screening and Collection: Waste generated during cleaning falls by gravity onto a double-layer screen in the waste recovery system, where it is screened and separated into metal debris and dust by size. Dust flows through a pipe into a recovery bin, while metal debris is sorted and stored by particle size for immediate resource recovery.

[0059] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] 1. Full surface cleaning

[0061] The high-speed rotation of the cylindrical brush head in the cylindrical cleaning system and the synchronous axial movement of the double-sided rotating brush heads in the end face cleaning and inspection system enable coordinated cleaning of the cylindrical surface and both end faces of the blank, completely eliminating the blind spots in end face cleaning during traditional processes. Results show that the end face residue rate has been reduced from 15% compared to traditional processes to below 2%, achieving a surface roughness of Ra ≤ 6.3μm and a 40% improvement in cleaning efficiency.

[0062] 2. Intelligent quality inspection

[0063] The end-face cleaning and inspection system integrates left-end face cameras, right-end face cameras, and cylindrical cameras, using AI algorithms to analyze surface defects in real time, achieving a missed detection rate of less than 0.5% and a false detection rate of less than 1%. Inspection results are directly linked to the central controller for automatic sorting and alarming, replacing manual visual inspections and reducing safety risks and labor costs.

[0064] 3. Efficient classification and recycling of waste

[0065] The waste recycling system uses double-layer screens for graded screening, combined with pipelines to absorb dust, and separates and stores metal debris and dust, increasing resource utilization by 30% and reducing subsequent processing costs.

[0066] The above disclosure is merely one or more preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots, characterized in that: It includes a main frame, a plate chain conveyor, a cylindrical surface cleaning system, an end surface cleaning-detection system and a waste recovery system. The main frame is fixedly connected to the ground as a basic supporting structure and is arranged longitudinally. The plate chain conveyor is horizontally installed above the main frame. The cylindrical surface cleaning system is integrated above the middle section of the plate chain conveyor and is laterally arranged on both sides of the main frame. The end surface cleaning-detection system is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the plate chain conveyor and connected to the cylindrical surface cleaning system. The waste recovery system is installed at the bottom of the plate chain conveyor. The left and right chassis of the end face cleaning and detection system are symmetrically installed above the main frame, and are reinforced in the middle by thick gaskets; the upper chassis is arranged across the top, and its lower part is fixedly connected to the upper and lower clamping frames; all chassis are equipped with motor drive modules and circuit systems; The end face cleaning-detection system also includes a left end face rotating brush head, a right end face rotating brush head, a transverse stepping motor, a left end face camera, a right end face camera and a cylindrical camera. The left end face rotating brush head is integrated on the outside of the left chassis, the right end face rotating brush head and the left end face rotating brush head are symmetrically arranged and set on the outside of the right chassis, the transverse stepping motor is fixed on one side of the left chassis, and drives the left and right end face rotating brush heads to move axially toward the workpiece by controlling the internal screw transmission of the left and right chassis; the left end face camera is installed at the front end of the left chassis, the right end face camera is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the right chassis, and the cylindrical camera is set in the middle of the upper chassis.

2. The surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side beams of the plate chain conveyor are arranged parallel to each other, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft horizontally pass through the sprocket and the square connecting bearing, and are arranged symmetrically and parallelly; the left and right sides of the driven shaft are connected to the tensioning plate, and the tensioning plate is set between the square connecting bearing and the driven shaft, and is equipped with a tensioning bolt to realize the tensioning function; two sprockets are assembled in the middle of the driving shaft, and two sprockets are synchronously assembled at the corresponding positions of the driven shaft, and each pair of sprockets is engaged with a chain, and the workpiece carrier is fixed at intervals on the surface of the chain; the driving shaft is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the input end of the reducer is directly connected to the frequency conversion motor.

3. The surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support plate in the cylindrical cleaning system is horizontally fixed on four positioning seats, which are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the frame to form a basic support; the left and right arm plates vertically clamp the cylindrical brush head and are laterally reinforced by support rods; The lifting plate is embedded with a roller, which contacts the bottom of the workpiece; the stepper motor, lifting drive reducer, and lifting plate are connected in sequence, and the lifting plate is lifted vertically along the guide lifting frame; the guide lifting frame is vertically fixed under the support plate; The cylindrical brush head is axially arranged horizontally between the left and right arm plates, and its rotating shaft is connected to the speed regulating motor through a driving reducer; the cover plate covers the cylindrical brush head and the top of the arm plate; the rear cover plate is installed on the rear side of the device, forming a closed cleaning cavity with the cover plate; the driving reducer and the speed regulating motor are integrated on the outside of the left and right arm plates, and the cylindrical brush head is driven by a combination of gears and belt drives.

4. The surface cleaning and detection device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waste recovery system is provided with a double-layer screen, and the recovery bin is provided with pipelines respectively connected to the cylinder cleaning system and the end face cleaning-detection system.

5. A method for cleaning and inspecting the surface of a rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingot, using the surface cleaning and inspecting device for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingot according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Blank conveying and positioning to achieve feeding and height adjustment; Step 2: Cylinder cleaning; Step 3: The end face is cleaned and inspected using AI algorithms. Qualified blanks continue to be conveyed; unqualified blanks trigger an alarm and are sent to a manual re-inspection station; Step 4: Waste classification and recycling.

6. The surface cleaning and detection method for rare earth electrolysis finished metal ingots according to claim 5, characterized in that: The execution process of the AI ​​algorithm in step 3 includes the following steps: Image acquisition; Image preprocessing; AI inference; Defect determination; Result output.

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