Display module and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a display module and a display device.The display module of one embodiment comprises a display panel and a first visual angle switching layer which are sequentially arranged on a substrate in a stacked mode, the first visual angle switching layer comprises a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer and a second electrode which are sequentially arranged on the display panel in a stacked mode, the first electrode and the second electrode are strip-shaped electrodes which are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and the orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate are not overlapped; the liquid crystal layer comprises a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are in different arrangement modes in response to voltages loaded by the first electrode and the second electrode. According to the display module, deflection of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by controlling the voltage loaded by the first electrode and the second electrode of the view angle switching layer, so that the wide-narrow view angle switching function of the left view angle and the right view angle of the display module is achieved, and the wide application prospect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of display technology, the demand for privacy protection for display devices is increasing. This is especially true for in-vehicle displays, such as large-scale displays in the center console of a vehicle. Considering the potential impact on the driver during driving, it is necessary to install privacy protection displays according to the specific location. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above problems, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, comprising a display panel and a first viewing angle switching layer sequentially stacked on a substrate, wherein the first viewing angle switching layer comprises a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on the display panel, wherein:

[0004] The first electrode and the second electrode are both strip-shaped electrodes spaced apart along a first direction, and an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate does not overlap with an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate;

[0005] The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are arranged in different ways in response to voltages applied to the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0006] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, in the orthographic projection of the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate, a second electrode is provided between two adjacent first electrodes, and a first electrode is provided between two adjacent second electrodes.

[0007] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the plurality of sub-pixels form a plurality of pixel rows arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0008] The orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of each pixel row on the substrate;

[0009] An orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of each pixel row on the substrate.

[0010] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of sub-pixels include first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels, and third sub-pixels of different colors, and the plurality of pixel rows include a plurality of first pixel rows and a plurality of second pixel rows alternately arranged along the second direction, wherein

[0011] The first pixel row includes first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels alternately arranged and evenly distributed along the first direction;

[0012] The second pixel row includes third sub-pixels arranged along the first direction.

[0013] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the display panel includes a light-emitting functional layer, the light-emitting functional layer includes a pixel defining layer, and an opening area of ​​each sub-pixel formed by the pixel defining layer;

[0014] An orthographic projection of one of the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a pixel defining layer between two adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel row on the substrate;

[0015] The orthographic projection of the other electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the central axis of the opening area of ​​each sub-pixel of the first pixel row on the substrate, and the central axis is the axis of symmetry in the opening area parallel to the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction respectively.

[0016] For example, in the display modules provided in some embodiments of the present application, the liquid crystal molecules are polymer dispersed liquid crystals.

[0017] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the display module includes a first film layer, a second film layer, a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode, and a third film layer stacked in sequence on the light-emitting sides of the plurality of sub-pixels;

[0018] An anti-peeping spacer is set between two adjacent pixel rows;

[0019] The display module further includes at least one privacy protection layer disposed between the first film layer and the third film layer, wherein the privacy protection layer includes a plurality of privacy protection strips extending along the first direction;

[0020] The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the privacy spacer on the substrate.

[0021] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the privacy protection layer includes a first privacy protection layer arranged between the first film layer and the second film layer, and a second privacy protection layer arranged between the second electrode and the third film layer.

[0022] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the display panel includes a light-emitting functional layer, the light-emitting functional layer includes a pixel defining layer, and an opening area of ​​each sub-pixel formed by the pixel defining layer;

[0023] The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer on the substrate;

[0024] The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​each sub-pixel on the substrate.

[0025] For example, in the display module provided in some embodiments of the present application, the display panel further includes a color filter layer provided on the light-emitting functional layer, including a black matrix and a color filter area formed by the black matrix, and the color filter area corresponds one-to-one to the opening area.

[0026] The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

[0027] For example, in some embodiments of the present application, the display module further includes a light-emitting auxiliary layer provided on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels, wherein the light-emitting auxiliary layer includes a first auxiliary layer and a second auxiliary layer stacked together.

[0028] The first auxiliary layer includes a plurality of auxiliary portions, wherein an orthographic projection of the auxiliary portions on the substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer on the substrate;

[0029] The second auxiliary layer covers and encapsulates the plurality of auxiliary parts, and a refractive index of the second auxiliary layer is greater than a refractive index of the auxiliary parts.

[0030] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, including the display module as described in the first embodiment.

[0031] A third embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted display device, comprising a first display module corresponding to a driver's position, a second display module corresponding to a passenger's position, and a third display module located between the first display module and the second display module, wherein:

[0032] At least one of the first display module, the second display module and the third display module is the display module described in the first embodiment.

[0033] For example, in the vehicle-mounted display device provided in some embodiments of the present application, at least one of the first display module, the second display module and the third display module is a wide-viewing angle display module, and the wide-viewing angle display module includes a display panel and a second viewing angle switching layer stacked in sequence on a substrate, and the second viewing angle switching layer includes a scattering layer.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The present invention addresses existing issues by developing a display module and display device. By controlling the voltages applied to the first and second electrodes of a viewing angle switching layer to control the deflection of liquid crystal molecules, the display module achieves wide and narrow left and right viewing angles, addressing the challenges of existing technologies. This technology is particularly applicable to automotive displays, where switching between wide and narrow viewing angles effectively improves driving safety and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic top view of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention taken along line B;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a vehicle-mounted display device having a reflection on the front windshield in the related art;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention applied to a vehicle-mounted display device;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating a display range of a vehicle-mounted display device when a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a display module according to another embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A;

[0044] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a display module taken along line B according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A;

[0046] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a display module according to an embodiment of the present invention taken along line B;

[0047] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing a display of a vehicle-mounted display device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0048] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing a display of a vehicle-mounted display device according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0049] Figure 13 A schematic top view of a wide viewing angle display module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a cross section of line A of a wide viewing angle display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a cross-section of line B of a wide viewing angle display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing the layer structure of a cross section of line A of a wide viewing angle display module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the layer structure of a B-line cross section of a wide viewing angle display module according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. Similar components in the accompanying drawings are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative rather than restrictive and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms “on…”, “formed on…” and “disposed on…” herein may indicate that one layer is directly formed or disposed on another layer, or may indicate that one layer is indirectly formed or disposed on another layer, i.e., there are other layers between the two layers. In this article, unless otherwise specified, the term “located on the same layer” means that two layers, parts, components, elements or parts can be formed by the same patterning process, and that the two layers, parts, components, elements or parts are generally formed of the same material. In this article, unless otherwise specified, the expression “patterning process” generally includes steps such as coating, exposure, development, etching, and stripping of the photoresist. The expression “one-time patterning process” means a process of forming patterned layers, parts, components, etc. using a mask.

[0056] In response to the problems existing in related technologies, such as Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display module, comprising a display panel 20 and a first viewing angle switching layer 30 sequentially stacked on a substrate 10, wherein the first viewing angle switching layer 30 comprises a first electrode 33, a liquid crystal layer 34, and a second electrode 35 sequentially stacked on the display panel 20, wherein:

[0057] The first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35 are both strip-shaped electrodes spaced apart along the first direction X, and the orthographic projection of the first electrode 33 on the substrate 10 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second electrode 35 on the substrate 10;

[0058] The liquid crystal layer 34 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The plurality of liquid crystal molecules are arranged in different ways in response to the voltages applied by the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35 .

[0059] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, Figure 1 This is a top view of a portion of the visible area of ​​the display module. Line A extends along the first direction X, and line B extends along the second direction Y. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-section along line A is shown in the figure. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view along line B shows that the module includes a plurality of film layers disposed on a substrate and stacked along a third direction Z. The first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y, respectively.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the display panel 20 is an organic light emitting diode display panel (OLED), which includes a driving circuit layer 21, an anode 22, a pixel defining layer 23, a light emitting material layer 24, a cathode 25 and an encapsulation layer 26 arranged on a substrate 10. Figure 1 As shown, the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each including a first sub-pixel 28, a second sub-pixel 27, and a third sub-pixel 29 of different colors. The plurality of sub-pixels form a plurality of pixel rows arranged along a second direction Y, and the plurality of pixel rows include a plurality of first pixel rows and a plurality of second pixel rows arranged alternately along the second direction Y. The first pixel rows include first sub-pixels 28 and second sub-pixels 27 arranged alternately and evenly along the first direction X, and the second pixel rows include third sub-pixels 29 arranged along the first direction X. In this embodiment, the first sub-pixels are red, the second sub-pixels are green, and the third sub-pixels are blue.

[0061] like Figure 2As shown, the first viewing angle switching layer 30 includes a first electrode 33, a liquid crystal layer 34, and a second electrode 35 sequentially stacked on the display panel 20, wherein the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are polymer dispersed liquid crystals. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal is also called PDLC (Plymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal). PDLC refers to a liquid crystal / polymer composite material in which small molecule liquid crystals are dispersed in a polymer matrix in the form of micron or submicron droplets. Due to the dielectric anisotropy and optical anisotropy of liquid crystals, the optical state of PDLC can be changed by an electric field. For example, by controlling the voltage applied to the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented and arranged in a transparent state, thereby forming a narrow viewing angle in the left and right directions; when a voltage is applied to the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the direction of the electric field, and the PDLC scatters the incident light, thereby forming a wide viewing angle in the left and right directions.

[0062] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a strip-shaped first electrode 33 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal layer close to the display panel, and a strip-shaped second electrode 35 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the display panel. Furthermore, the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35 do not overlap in the orthographic projection of the substrate, i.e., the second electrode and the first electrode are arranged alternately. Furthermore, in the orthographic projection of the first and second electrodes on the substrate, a second electrode is disposed between two adjacent first electrodes, and a first electrode is disposed between two adjacent second electrodes.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first electrode 33 on the substrate partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of each pixel row on the substrate; the orthographic projection of the second electrode 35 on the substrate partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of each pixel row on the substrate.

[0064] In this embodiment, considering the control of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer in the display area of ​​the entire display panel, such as Figure 1 As shown, each strip electrode extends through the display area along the second direction Y. That is, each first electrode and second electrode covers from the first pixel row to the last pixel row within the electrode width. Thus, the multiple strip electrodes arranged along the first direction X achieve control of the liquid crystal molecules in the display area of ​​the entire display panel. In other words, each strip electrode extends from the first pixel row to the last pixel row in the display area, covering all pixel rows in the display area; that is, in orthographic projection onto the substrate, each first electrode partially overlaps with each pixel row, and each second electrode partially overlaps with each pixel row.

[0065] In order to further improve the efficiency of strip electrodes, Figure 2As shown, relative to each first sub-pixel and second sub-pixel of the first pixel row, the pixel defining layer 23 forms an opening area of ​​each sub-pixel, and the orthographic projection of one of the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 between two adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel row on the substrate 10; the orthographic projection of the other of the first electrode 35 and the second electrode 35 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the central axis F of the opening area of ​​each sub-pixel of the first pixel row on the substrate 10, and the central axis F is the axis of symmetry in the opening area 201 parallel to the third direction Z, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y, respectively.

[0066] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the pixel defining layer 23 forms an opening area 201 of the left sub-pixel. On the orthographic projection of the substrate, the orthographic projection of the second electrode 35 on the substrate is located on both sides of the orthographic projection of the opening area 201 on the substrate, that is, the orthographic projection of the second electrode 35 on the substrate partially overlaps or overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate; the orthographic projection of the first electrode 33 on the substrate falls into the opening area 201. Considering the uniformity of the electric field formed by the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode 33 is located at the center of the opening area 201, that is, on the central axis F of the opening area 201. The central axis F is at the center of the first direction X and is parallel to the third direction Z. The central axis F is also the center of the first electrode 33 in the first direction X, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 35.

[0067] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view along line A, i.e., the cross-sectional view of the first pixel row, includes a first sub-pixel on the left and a second sub-pixel on the right. The first sub-pixel includes an opening area 201 formed by a pixel defining layer 23, and the second sub-pixel includes an opening area formed by a pixel defining layer 23. The second electrode 35 and the first electrode 33 are respectively arranged on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the display panel and the side close to the display panel, and the first electrode and the second electrode are alternately arranged along the first direction X. Taking the opening area 201 as an example for explanation, the second electrode 35 is located on both sides of the opening area 201, and the first electrode 33 is located at the center of the opening area 201. Figure 1As shown, the second electrode 35 and the first electrode 33 are both strip-shaped electrodes, covering the first to last pixel rows of the display panel. When a voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal scatters incident light, such as the outgoing light L1, L2, and L3 from the display panel. The outgoing light L1 and L3 are scattered by the liquid crystal layer, resulting in a wide viewing angle in the left and right directions. When no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal becomes transparent, and the outgoing light from the display panel is emitted through the liquid crystal layer, resulting in a narrow viewing angle in the left and right directions.

[0068] Considering the anti-peeping requirements on the upper and lower sides of the display panel, in an optional embodiment, as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the display module includes a first film layer 31, a second film layer 32, a first electrode 33, a liquid crystal layer 34, a second electrode 35 and a third film layer 36 which are sequentially stacked on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels;

[0069] An anti-peeping spacer is set between two adjacent pixel rows;

[0070] The display module further includes at least one privacy-preventing layer disposed between the first film layer 31 and the third film layer 36 , wherein the privacy-preventing layer includes a plurality of privacy-preventing strips 37 extending along the first direction X;

[0071] The orthographic projection of the privacy strip 37 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of the privacy spacer on the substrate 10 .

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the light emitted by the display module at the center control position of the car is reflected on the front windshield. To address this problem, in this embodiment, by setting an anti-peeping spacer between two adjacent pixel rows and setting an anti-peeping layer in multiple film layers of the display module, the anti-peeping strips in the anti-peeping layer corresponding to the anti-peeping spacer are used to achieve the anti-peeping requirement on the upper and lower sides of the display panel. Figure 5 As shown, the display module of this embodiment is applied to the central control position of the vehicle to eliminate the reflection on the front windshield.

[0073] Specifically, the first film layer 31, the second film layer 32 and the third film layer 36 of this embodiment are all transparent film layers, such as acrylic resin, which cover the privacy strip and flatten the display module. Figure 1 As shown, there is a privacy protection interval between two adjacent pixel rows, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the second direction Y, privacy strips 371 and 372 are provided between the film layers. The privacy strips are provided corresponding to the privacy spacers, that is, the orthographic projection of the privacy strips on the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the privacy spacers on the substrate. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the privacy strips on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the privacy spacers on the substrate, as shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, the privacy strip blocks or absorbs the large-angle light emitted from the display panel. For example, when the privacy strip is made of black matrix material, it absorbs the large-angle light. For example, one or more of the privacy strips are set as a metal shielding structure. For another example, for a display module with a touch structure layer, the metal electrode of the touch structure layer is reused as the privacy strip. Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the light output of the display module 100, which is located at the center console position, while the driver is driving. The display module 100, through the privacy strips provided, blocks or absorbs the light emitted from the display panel near the front windshield and from the display panel away from the front windshield, thereby forming a visible range S1 for the light emitted by the display panel. This visible range S1 effectively prevents the light emitted from the display panel from being reflected on the front windshield. At the same time, the driver's viewing angle range S2 is located within the visible range S1, ensuring that the driver can see the display panel and achieving safe driving. In other words, by providing privacy strips corresponding to the privacy intervals between adjacent pixel rows, the display module achieves a narrow viewing angle setting of the display panel in the second direction Y. In the first direction X, i.e., the left-right direction of the display panel, the wide viewing angle S31-S32 is achieved. The voltage applied to the first electrode and the second electrode is controlled to control the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby achieving switching between wide and narrow viewing angles. Meanwhile, in the second direction Y, i.e., the up-down direction of the display panel, the narrow viewing angle S11-S12 is achieved by providing anti-peeping strips corresponding to the anti-peeping intervals between adjacent pixel rows, thereby improving driving safety.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the privacy protection layer includes a first privacy protection layer provided between the first film layer 31 and the second film layer 32 , and a second privacy protection layer provided between the second electrode 35 and the third film layer 36 .

[0075] In this embodiment, two privacy protection layers are provided between the film layers of the display module, and privacy protection strips 371 and 372 provided on the two privacy protection layers are used to effectively block the wide-angle light L1 and L3 emitted from the display panel. Figure 3As shown, the display panel includes an opening area 202 formed by a pixel defining layer 23. The orthographic projection of the privacy strip 371 of the first privacy protection layer on the substrate 10 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the opening area 202 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the privacy strip 371 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate 10. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the privacy strip 371 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate 10. Similarly, the orthographic projection of the privacy strip 372 of the second privacy protection layer on the substrate 10 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the opening area 202 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the privacy strip 372 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate 10. In other words, the privacy strip of this embodiment does not affect the small-angle outgoing light from the opening area of ​​each sub-pixel of the display panel.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the display panel also includes a color film layer 40 arranged on the light-emitting functional layer, including a black matrix 41 and a color filter area formed by the black matrix 41, the color filter area corresponds one-to-one to the opening area, and the orthographic projection of the anti-peep strip on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

[0077] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the display panel also includes a color filter layer 40, which includes a black matrix 41 and a color filter 42. The black matrix 41 is arranged corresponding to the privacy strips 371 and 372. The orthographic projection of the black matrix 41 on the substrate 10 overlaps or partially overlaps with the orthographic projections of the privacy strips 371 and 372 on the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the black matrix 41 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the black matrix 41 on the substrate 10 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the opening area on the substrate 10. In other words, the color filter layer does not affect the output light of the display panel. Considering the light extraction efficiency of the display module, the orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the color filter area on the substrate have little or no overlap.

[0078] It is worth noting that, in this embodiment, the color filter layer 40 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting functional layer, for example Figure 7As shown, the color filter layer is positioned between the light-emitting functional layer and the first viewing angle switching layer 30. This application does not specifically limit the location of the color filter layer; for example, it may be positioned on the side of the first viewing angle switching layer 30 away from the substrate. Furthermore, the color filter layer 40 can function as a privacy barrier, and the black matrix 41 of the color filter layer 40 can function as a privacy barrier. The black matrix 41 can absorb light emitted at wide angles. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, based on actual application requirements, the privacy barrier layer can be positioned to achieve a narrow viewing angle in the second direction Y as a design criterion, and this will not be further elaborated here.

[0079] In order to further improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module, in an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the display module further includes a light-emitting auxiliary layer 38 disposed on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels, the light-emitting auxiliary layer including a first auxiliary layer and a second auxiliary layer 382 stacked together, wherein

[0080] The first auxiliary layer includes a plurality of auxiliary portions 381 , wherein the orthographic projections of the auxiliary portions 381 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlap with the orthographic projections of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate 10 ;

[0081] The second auxiliary layer 382 covers and encapsulates the auxiliary portions 381 , and a refractive index of the second auxiliary layer 382 is greater than a refractive index of the auxiliary portions 381 .

[0082] In this embodiment, if Figure 9 As shown, by providing a light-exiting auxiliary layer 38 on the light-exiting side, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, a second auxiliary layer 382 is provided to cover and encapsulate the auxiliary portion 381. The orthographic projection of the auxiliary portion 381 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate. For example, the refractive index of the second auxiliary layer 382 is greater than that of the auxiliary portion 381. For example, light L3 emitted at a large angle from the display panel, for example, is reflected by the surfaces of the high-refractive-index second auxiliary layer 382 and the low-refractive-index auxiliary portion 381 before entering and being absorbed by the privacy strip 371. This changes the angle of the light emitted at a large angle, effectively improving the light extraction efficiency of the display module.

[0083] Based on the display module of the above embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device including the above display module.

[0084] The display device of this embodiment controls the deflection of liquid crystal molecules by applying voltages to the first and second electrodes of the viewing angle switching layer of the display module, thereby achieving wide and narrow left and right viewing angles for the display module, thereby overcoming the problems existing in the prior art. In particular, the privacy strip provided in the above embodiment enables narrow vertical viewing angles for the display module, thereby improving driving safety. Furthermore, the light extraction auxiliary layer provided in the above embodiment further improves the light extraction efficiency of the display device, effectively enhancing the display effect and improving the user experience.

[0085] Based on the display module of the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted display device, such as Figure 11 As shown, it includes a first display module 101 corresponding to the driver's position, a second display module 103 corresponding to the co-driver's position, and a third display module 102 located between the first display module 101 and the second display module 103, wherein:

[0086] At least one of the first display module 101 , the second display module 103 and the third display module 102 is the display module described in the above embodiment.

[0087] In this embodiment, among the multiple display modules included in the vehicle-mounted display device, at least one is a display module with a left-right viewing angle that can be switched in the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, the second display module 103 is the display module of the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the second display module 103 is a vehicle-mounted central control display screen, then when the second display module 103 displays, for example, navigation information, such as map and other image content, the second display module 103 can be controlled to be in a wide viewing angle mode in the left-right direction, that is, the voltage loaded on the first electrode and the second electrode of the viewing angle switching layer of the second display module 103 is controlled so that the liquid crystal molecules are in a scattering state, so that the driver in the main driving position and the passenger in the co-pilot position can both see the navigation information; when the second display module 103 displays, for example, entertainment information, in order to avoid affecting the driver's attention and ensure driving safety, the second display module 103 can be controlled to be in a narrow viewing angle mode in the left-right direction, then the voltage loaded on the first electrode and the second electrode of the viewing angle switching layer of the second display module 103 is controlled so that the liquid crystal molecules are in a transparent state, such as Figure 12 As shown, the driver in the main driving seat cannot see the display content of the second display module 103, but the passenger in the co-pilot seat can see the display content.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, at least one of the first display module 101, the second display module 103 and the third display module 102 is a wide-viewing angle display module, and the wide-viewing angle display module includes a display panel and a second viewing angle switching layer stacked in sequence on a substrate, and the second viewing angle switching layer includes a scattering layer.

[0089] In this embodiment, among the multiple display modules included in the vehicle-mounted display device, at least one is a wide viewing angle display module, such as Figure 13-15 As shown, Figure 13 The figure shows a top view of a wide viewing angle display module, where line A extends along a first direction X and line B extends along a second direction Y. Figure 14 for Figure 13 The cross-section along line A is shown in the figure. Figure 15 for Figure 13 In the cross-sectional view along line B, the wide viewing angle display module includes a plurality of film layers arranged on a substrate and stacked along a third direction Z. The first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y, respectively.

[0090] like Figure 13 As shown, the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each including a first sub-pixel 28, a second sub-pixel 27, and a third sub-pixel 29 of different colors. The plurality of sub-pixels form a plurality of pixel rows arranged along a second direction Y, and the plurality of pixel rows include a plurality of first pixel rows and a plurality of second pixel rows arranged alternately along the second direction Y. The first pixel rows include first sub-pixels 28 and second sub-pixels 27 arranged alternately and evenly along the first direction X; the second pixel rows include third sub-pixels 29 arranged along the first direction X. In this embodiment, the first sub-pixel is red, the second sub-pixel is green, and the third sub-pixel is blue. The wide-viewing angle display module also includes a second viewing angle switching layer 39 disposed on the display panel. The second viewing angle switching layer 39 is, for example, an OC adhesive layer with a scattering function. The output light of the display panel presents a wide-viewing angle display through the second viewing angle switching layer 39.

[0091] like Figure 14 As shown, the display panel 20 includes a driving circuit layer 21, an anode 22, a pixel defining layer 23, a light emitting material layer 24, a cathode 25 and an encapsulation layer 26 provided on a substrate 10. The light emitted from the display panel passes through the second viewing angle switching layer 39 to form a wide viewing angle in the left and right directions. Similarly, as Figure 15 As shown, the display panel 20 includes a drive circuit layer 21, an anode 22, a pixel defining layer 23, a light-emitting material layer 24, a cathode 25, and an encapsulation layer 26, disposed on a substrate 10. Light emitted from the display panel passes through a second viewing angle switching layer 39, thereby forming a wide viewing angle in the left-right direction. Simultaneously, privacy strips 371 and 372, arranged corresponding to the privacy intervals between adjacent rows, form a narrow viewing angle in the vertical direction, thereby achieving safe driving.

[0092] It is worth noting that, among the three display modules of the vehicle display device, the display content of each display module can be set by software, and the specified display content can be switched to the required display module as needed. For example, when displaying navigation information, the following example can be used: Figure 12 The third display module 102 displays, at this time, the third display module 102 is a wide viewing angle display in the left and right directions, and can be a display module that can achieve wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle in the left and right directions in the aforementioned embodiment, or a wide viewing angle display module; for example, when displaying entertainment information, the entertainment information can be displayed on the second display module 103 through software, such as Figure 11 The second display module 103 is the aforementioned display module capable of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles. It switches to a narrow viewing angle display during driving, thereby preventing the driver from being affected by the entertainment information played by the second display module 103, thereby achieving safe driving.

[0093] Furthermore, among the three display modules of the vehicle-mounted display device, for example, the first display module 101 and the third display module 102 are configured as wide-viewing angle display modules, which effectively reduces the manufacturing cost compared to the aforementioned display modules capable of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 16 and 17 As shown, the wide viewing angle display module further includes a light-emitting auxiliary layer 38 disposed on the light-emitting side of multiple sub-pixels of the display panel, and the light-emitting auxiliary layer includes a first auxiliary layer and a second auxiliary layer 382 stacked together, wherein

[0095] The first auxiliary layer includes a plurality of auxiliary portions 381 , wherein the orthographic projections of the auxiliary portions 381 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlap with the orthographic projections of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate 10 ;

[0096] The second auxiliary layer 382 covers and encapsulates the auxiliary portions 381 , and a refractive index of the second auxiliary layer 382 is greater than a refractive index of the auxiliary portions 381 .

[0097] Similar to the above embodiment, in this embodiment, Figure 16 As shown, by setting a light-emitting auxiliary layer 38 on the light-emitting side of the display panel of the wide viewing angle display module, as shown in FIG. Figure 17 As shown, a second auxiliary layer 382 is provided to cover and encapsulate the auxiliary portion 381. The orthographic projection of the auxiliary portion 381 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 23 on the substrate. For example, the refractive index of the second auxiliary layer 382 is greater than that of the auxiliary portion 381. For example, light L3 emitted at a large angle from the display panel, for example, is reflected by the surfaces of the high-refractive-index second auxiliary layer 382 and the low-refractive-index auxiliary portion 381 before entering and being absorbed by the privacy strip 371. This changes the angle of the light emitted at a large angle, effectively improving the light extraction efficiency of the display module.

[0098] The present invention addresses existing issues by developing a display module and display device. By controlling the voltages applied to the first and second electrodes of a viewing angle switching layer to control the deflection of liquid crystal molecules, the display module achieves wide and narrow left and right viewing angles, addressing the challenges of existing technologies. This technology is particularly applicable to automotive displays, where switching between wide and narrow viewing angles effectively improves driving safety and has broad application prospects.

[0099] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation methods here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: The device comprises a display panel and a first viewing angle switching layer sequentially stacked on a substrate, wherein the first viewing angle switching layer comprises a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer and a second electrode sequentially stacked on the display panel, wherein: The first electrode and the second electrode are both strip-shaped electrodes spaced apart along a first direction, and an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate does not overlap with an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate; The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are arranged in different ways in response to voltages applied to the first electrode and the second electrode.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: In the orthographic projection of the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate, a second electrode is arranged between two adjacent first electrodes, and a first electrode is arranged between two adjacent second electrodes.

3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, wherein the plurality of sub-pixels form a plurality of pixel rows arranged along a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of each pixel row on the substrate; An orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of each pixel row on the substrate.

4. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The plurality of sub-pixels include first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels, and third sub-pixels of different colors, and the plurality of pixel rows include a plurality of first pixel rows and a plurality of second pixel rows alternately arranged along the second direction, wherein The first pixel row includes first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels alternately arranged and evenly distributed along the first direction; The second pixel row includes third sub-pixels arranged along the first direction.

5. The display module according to claim 4, wherein: The display panel includes a light-emitting functional layer, wherein the light-emitting functional layer includes a pixel defining layer and an opening area of ​​each sub-pixel formed by the pixel defining layer; An orthographic projection of one of the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a pixel defining layer between two adjacent sub-pixels of the first pixel row on the substrate; The orthographic projection of the other electrode of the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the central axis of the opening area of ​​each sub-pixel of the first pixel row on the substrate, and the central axis is the axis of symmetry in the opening area parallel to the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction respectively.

6. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The liquid crystal molecules are polymer dispersed liquid crystals.

7. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The display module includes a first film layer, a second film layer, a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode and a third film layer stacked in sequence on the light-emitting sides of the plurality of sub-pixels; An anti-peeping spacer is set between two adjacent pixel rows; The display module further includes at least one privacy protection layer disposed between the first film layer and the third film layer, wherein the privacy protection layer includes a plurality of privacy protection strips extending along the first direction; The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the privacy spacer on the substrate.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: The privacy protection layer includes a first privacy protection layer disposed between the first film layer and the second film layer, and a second privacy protection layer disposed between the second electrode and the third film layer.

9. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: The display panel includes a light-emitting functional layer, wherein the light-emitting functional layer includes a pixel defining layer and an opening area of ​​each sub-pixel formed by the pixel defining layer; The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer on the substrate; The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​each sub-pixel on the substrate.

10. The display module according to claim 9, wherein: The display panel further includes a color filter layer disposed on the light-emitting functional layer, including a black matrix and a color filter area formed by the black matrix, wherein the color filter area corresponds to the opening area one by one. The orthographic projection of the privacy strip on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

11. A display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a display module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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