Multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switch cabinet

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor low-voltage switch cabinets, in particular to a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switch cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body comprising a double-layer door plate structure; the electrical configuration unit comprises a wire inlet module used for controlling a wire inlet power supply, a capacitance compensation module used for performing reactive compensation on the switch cabinet, a power supply switching module used for switching power supply input and a feeder line module used for distributing and transmitting electric energy; the safety protection unit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor used for detecting the temperature and humidity in the cabinet body, a vibration sensor used for detecting the vibration frequency of the cabinet body, an electric power factor sensor used for obtaining an electric power factor and a partial discharge monitoring device; and the control unit is used for analyzing whether the operation stability of the switch cabinet is in an operation range or not according to the operation parameters of the switch cabinet, and re-determining the operation mode of the electric appliance configuration unit. According to the invention, the operation efficiency and the operation safety of the outdoor low-voltage switch cabinet are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of outdoor low-voltage switch cabinets, and in particular to a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switch cabinet. Background Art

[0002] The primary function of a switchgear is to open and close, control, and protect electrical equipment during power generation, transmission, distribution, and conversion. The components within a switchgear primarily include circuit breakers, disconnectors, load switches, operating mechanisms, transformers, and various protective devices.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN114336382B discloses a multifunctional outdoor intelligent low-voltage switchgear, including a cabinet body and a temperature measuring component, a cooling component, a circuit breaker component, a fire protection component and a control system arranged on the cabinet body. The temperature measuring component includes a thermal radiation receiver, a converter, and a signal processor. The thermal radiation receiver simultaneously and in real time measures the thermal radiation light emitted by the components in the cabinet to obtain a corresponding thermal radiation light signal, converts the thermal radiation light signal into a corresponding electrical signal through the converter, and then performs fitting analysis on the electrical signal through the signal processor to obtain temperature data and temperature distribution inside the cabinet. It can automatically control the on and off of the current according to the temperature inside the cabinet. It can be seen that the multifunctional outdoor intelligent low-voltage switchgear has the following problems: the existing switchgear usually uses a fixed-capacity capacitor compensation device for reactive power regulation, but when facing impact loads or nonlinear loads, compensation lag is prone to occur, resulting in reduced stability and safety of the switchgear operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear to overcome the problem in the prior art that existing switchgears generally use fixed-capacity capacitor compensation devices for reactive power regulation, but when facing impact loads or nonlinear loads, compensation lag is prone to occur, resulting in reduced stability and safety of the switchgear operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear, comprising: a cabinet body including a double-layer door panel structure; an electrical configuration unit connected to the cabinet body for configuring electrical energy according to power demand, comprising an incoming power module for controlling incoming power, a capacitor compensation module connected to the incoming power module for performing reactive power compensation for the switchgear, a power switching module for switching power input, and a feeder module for distributing and transmitting electrical energy; a safety protection unit connected to the cabinet body and the electrical configuration unit for obtaining operating parameters of the switchgear, comprising a temperature and humidity sensor disposed within the cabinet body for detecting internal cabinet temperature and humidity, a vibration sensor disposed within the cabinet body for detecting cabinet vibration frequency, a power factor sensor connected to the feeder module for obtaining a power factor, and a partial discharge monitoring device connected to the power switching module; and a control unit connected to the cabinet body, the electrical configuration unit, and the safety protection unit for analyzing whether the operating stability of the switchgear is within an operating range based on the operating parameters of the switchgear and re-determining the operating mode of the electrical configuration unit.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a ventilation unit for ventilating the switch cabinet, including shutters arranged on the cabinet body for natural ventilation and a ventilation mechanism for forced ventilation of the switch cabinet.

[0007] Furthermore, the power switching module includes a main power supply and can automatically switch the power input according to the load condition and power quality to ensure uninterrupted power supply.

[0008] Furthermore, the control unit determines whether the operating stability of the switch cabinet is within an allowable range according to the load fluctuation amplitude.

[0009] If the load fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to the standard first load fluctuation amplitude, the current switchgear operation stability is within the allowable range;

[0010] If the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard first load fluctuation amplitude and less than or equal to the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, the current switchgear operation stability is lower than the allowable range;

[0011] If the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, it is preliminarily determined that the operating safety of the switchgear is lower than the allowable range.

[0012] Furthermore, the control unit determines the protection setting value based on the determination result of the switch cabinet operation stability and the temperature rise rate.

[0013] Furthermore, the control unit calculates an operation safety characterization parameter based on the internal temperature of the cabinet and the cabinet vibration frequency.

[0014] Furthermore, the control unit determines whether the switchgear operation safety is within an allowable range based on the determination result of the switchgear operation stability and the safety characterization parameter.

[0015] If the safety characterization parameter is less than or equal to the standard safety characterization parameter, the current switchgear operation safety is within the allowable range;

[0016] If the safety characterization parameter is greater than the standard safety characterization parameter, the current operation safety of the switchgear is lower than the allowable range.

[0017] Furthermore, the control unit determines the fault location based on a secondary determination of the safety characterization parameter in combination with partial discharge.

[0018] Furthermore, when the control unit determines the protection setting value, it determines whether the equipment operating efficiency is within the allowable range according to the power factor.

[0019] If the power factor is less than the standard power factor, the equipment operating efficiency is lower than the allowable range;

[0020] If the power factor is greater than or equal to the standard power factor, the equipment operating efficiency is within the allowable range.

[0021] Furthermore, the control unit redetermines the protection setting value according to the equipment operation efficiency determination result.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] First, the present invention utilizes a double-door cabinet design to effectively prevent external environmental factors, such as rain and dust, from invading the interior of the equipment, thereby improving the durability and safety of the switchgear. The combination of the incoming line module, capacitor compensation module, power switching module, and feeder module enables more precise and flexible configuration and distribution of electrical energy. The capacitor compensation module performs reactive power compensation, helping to improve the system's power factor, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing energy utilization. The addition of the power switching module ensures that the system can quickly switch to the backup power source in the event of a main power failure, ensuring the continuity and stability of the power supply. The switchgear's operating status is monitored in real time using temperature and humidity sensors, vibration sensors, power factor sensors, and partial discharge monitoring devices. The temperature and humidity sensors and vibration sensors can promptly detect abnormal environmental changes, preventing equipment damage caused by excessive temperature and humidity or excessive equipment vibration. The power factor sensor helps monitor the efficiency of electrical energy usage, avoiding energy waste due to an unreasonable power factor. The partial discharge monitoring device prevents safety hazards caused by insulation problems within electrical equipment. Based on real-time analysis of the switchgear's operating parameters, the control unit automatically determines the equipment's operational stability and promptly adjusts the operating mode of the electrical configuration unit, thereby improving the operating efficiency and safety of outdoor low-voltage switchgear.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention can significantly improve the safety and reliability of power equipment by precisely controlling the operational stability of the switchgear. The control unit evaluates the operating status of the switchgear by judging the amplitude of load fluctuations, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment and the continuity of power supply, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and reducing downtime. The determination of the protection setting value in combination with the heating rate effectively avoids equipment damage or safety accidents caused by phenomena such as overload and overheating. By taking protective measures in advance, the operational safety of the switchgear and the entire power system can be significantly improved, reducing economic losses and safety hazards caused by equipment failures. This further achieves improvements in the operating efficiency and operational safety of outdoor low-voltage switchgear.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention uses a control unit to accurately assess the operational safety of switchgear by combining the internal cabinet temperature and vibration frequency, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of power equipment. The control unit first calculates safety parameters based on the cabinet temperature and vibration frequency, and through comprehensive analysis of this data, promptly identifies whether the equipment is in normal operating condition. The control unit also incorporates partial discharge monitoring technology to further locate the location of the fault. This reduces maintenance and downtime, further improving the operating efficiency and safety of outdoor low-voltage switchgear.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention increases the protection setting value, which prolongs the overcurrent protection delay and causes a decrease in the power factor. When the control unit detects that the power factor is lower than the standard value, it can quickly identify the equipment efficiency problem and help the equipment improve its working efficiency by re-adjusting the protection setting value, reducing the waste of reactive power, thereby improving the efficiency of energy use. Ensure that the equipment operates under safe and efficient conditions. Through this adjustment mechanism based on real-time data feedback, the system can ensure that the equipment operates in the optimal state, avoiding the efficiency loss or safety hazards caused by power factor fluctuations. Further improvement of the operating efficiency and operating safety of outdoor low-voltage switchgear is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a specific structural block diagram of the safety protection unit of the multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a specific flow chart of determining the current operating stability of the multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a specific flow chart for determining a fault location of a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, they are respectively an overall structural block diagram of a multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention, a specific structural block diagram of a safety protection unit, a specific flow chart for determining the current operating stability of the switchgear, and a specific flow chart for determining the fault location. A multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to the present invention comprises:

[0034] Cabinet body, including double-layer door panel structure;

[0035] An electrical configuration unit, connected to the cabinet body, configured to configure electrical energy according to power demand, including an incoming line module for controlling the incoming power supply, a capacitor compensation module connected to the incoming line module for performing reactive power compensation for the switch cabinet, a power switching module for switching power input, and a feeder module for distributing and transmitting electrical energy;

[0036] a safety protection unit, connected to the cabinet and the electrical configuration unit, respectively, for obtaining operating parameters of the switchgear, including a temperature and humidity sensor disposed inside the cabinet for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet, a vibration sensor disposed inside the cabinet for detecting the vibration frequency of the cabinet, a power factor sensor connected to the feeder module for obtaining the power factor, and a partial discharge monitoring device connected to the power switching module;

[0037] A control unit is connected to the cabinet body, the electrical configuration unit and the safety protection unit respectively, and is used to analyze whether the operating stability of the switch cabinet is within the operating range according to the operating parameters of the switch cabinet, and to redetermine the operating mode of the electrical configuration unit.

[0038] During the power input and dynamic configuration phase, the incoming line module intelligently switches power, the capacitor compensation module automatically switches capacitors based on the real-time power factor, and the feeder module prioritizes load distribution. Temperature, humidity, and vibration sensors are integrated with the ventilation system, and partial discharge monitoring provides insulation warnings. The control unit dynamically adjusts operating strategies based on multiple parameters to prevent abnormalities such as short circuits and leakage. This system, through a closed-loop "perception-analysis-execution" approach, achieves the transition from passive protection to proactive maintenance. This system offers advantages in energy efficiency optimization and fault prediction, enabling efficient management and safe operation of outdoor low-voltage switchgear.

[0039] The partial discharge monitoring device may be a UHF sensor.

[0040] The present invention effectively prevents external environmental factors such as rain and dust from invading the interior of the equipment by adopting a cabinet design with a double-layer door panel structure, thereby improving the durability and safety of the switch cabinet. The combination of the incoming line module, capacitor compensation module, power switching module, and feeder module makes the configuration and distribution of electric energy more precise and flexible. The capacitor compensation module can perform reactive power compensation, which helps to improve the power factor of the system, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization. The addition of the power switching module ensures that when the main power supply fails, the system can quickly switch to the backup power supply, ensuring the continuity and stability of the power supply. The operating status of the switch cabinet is monitored in real time through temperature and humidity sensors, vibration sensors, power factor sensors, and partial discharge monitoring devices. The temperature and humidity sensors and vibration sensors can promptly detect abnormal changes in the environment and prevent equipment damage caused by excessive temperature and humidity or excessive equipment vibration. The power factor sensor helps to monitor the efficiency of electric energy use and avoid energy waste caused by unreasonable power factors. The partial discharge monitoring device can prevent safety hazards caused by insulation problems within electrical equipment. Based on real-time analysis of the switchgear's operating parameters, the control unit automatically determines the equipment's operational stability and promptly adjusts the operating mode of the electrical configuration unit. This not only improves the switchgear's operational safety but also extends its service life, ultimately enhancing the operating efficiency and safety of outdoor low-voltage switchgear.

[0041] Specifically, it also includes a ventilation unit for ventilating the switch cabinet, including shutters arranged on the cabinet body for natural ventilation and a ventilation mechanism for forced ventilation of the switch cabinet.

[0042] During the specific implementation process, when the control unit detects that the temperature exceeds 40°C or the humidity is higher than 80%, it automatically closes the shutters and starts the ventilation mechanism; in dusty weather, it automatically switches to the internal circulation mode, and the ventilation unit effectively maintains the temperature and air humidity of the switch cabinet through the synergy of natural ventilation and forced ventilation.

[0043] Specifically, the power switching module includes the main power supply and can automatically switch the power input according to the load conditions and power quality to ensure uninterrupted power supply.

[0044] During implementation, the control unit monitors load changes and power quality in real time to ensure the continuity and stability of the power supply. The main power supply, as the primary power source, normally provides power to the equipment. If the main power supply becomes unstable due to a fault or power quality issues such as voltage fluctuations or frequency anomalies, the power switching module automatically switches to the backup power source, ensuring that the load is not affected and preventing equipment downtime due to power outages or unstable power.

[0045] Specifically, the control unit determines whether the operating stability of the switch cabinet is within the allowable range according to the load fluctuation amplitude.

[0046] If the load fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to the standard first load fluctuation amplitude, the current switchgear operation stability is within the allowable range;

[0047] If the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard first load fluctuation amplitude and less than or equal to the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, the current switchgear operation stability is lower than the allowable range;

[0048] If the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, it is preliminarily determined that the operating safety of the switchgear is lower than the allowable range.

[0049] Specifically, the control unit determines the protection setting value based on the determination result of the switch cabinet operation stability and the temperature rise rate.

[0050] In the specific implementation process, the setting of the protection setting value is related to the rated current;

[0051] When the temperature rise rate is less than 5℃ / min, adjust the protection setting value to 1.1 times the current protection setting value;

[0052] When the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 5℃ / min and less than or equal to 10℃ / min, the protection setting value is adjusted to 1.05 times the current protection setting value;

[0053] When the heating rate is greater than 10℃ / min, a safety alarm will be issued.

[0054] In the specific implementation process, the establishment of the standard first load fluctuation amplitude and the standard second load fluctuation amplitude is to obtain experimental data in multiple experiments, fit the data after extracting qualified data, and finally obtain the standard first load fluctuation amplitude and the standard second load fluctuation amplitude. Here, a value of the standard first load fluctuation amplitude and the standard second load fluctuation amplitude is provided. The standard first load fluctuation amplitude is set to +15% of the rated current, and the standard second load fluctuation amplitude is set to +30% of the rated current.

[0055] The present invention can significantly improve the safety and reliability of power equipment by precisely controlling the operational stability of the switch cabinet. The control unit evaluates the operating status of the switch cabinet by judging the load fluctuation amplitude. If the load fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to the standard first load fluctuation amplitude, the power equipment can maintain a high working efficiency and a low failure rate, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the equipment and the continuity of power supply. When the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard first load fluctuation amplitude but less than or equal to the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, the stability of the switch cabinet will decrease. The control unit can issue a timely warning, thereby avoiding further failure or damage to the equipment, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and reducing downtime. The determination of the protection setting value in combination with the heating rate effectively avoids equipment damage or safety accidents caused by overload, overheating, etc. By taking protective measures in advance, the operational safety of the switch cabinet and the entire power system can be significantly improved, and the economic losses and safety hazards caused by equipment failures can be reduced. This further achieves the improvement of the operating efficiency and operational safety of outdoor low-voltage switch cabinets.

[0056] Specifically, the control unit calculates the operational safety characterization parameter based on the internal temperature of the cabinet and the cabinet vibration frequency.

[0057] In a specific implementation process, the safety characterization parameter is determined according to the sum of the product of the temperature weight coefficient and the temperature characterization quantity and the product of the vibration weight coefficient and the vibration characterization quantity.

[0058] The temperature characterization quantity is determined according to the ratio of the difference between the internal temperature of the cabinet and the reference temperature to the difference between the upper limit temperature and the reference temperature.

[0059] The vibration characterization quantity is determined according to the ratio of the difference between the cabinet vibration frequency and the reference vibration frequency to the difference between the upper limit vibration frequency and the reference vibration frequency.

[0060] The temperature weight coefficient and the vibration weight coefficient parameters are selected in the interval [0.4, 0.6], and the temperature weight coefficient and the vibration weight coefficient add up to 1.

[0061] Specifically, the control unit determines whether the switchgear operation safety is within the allowable range based on the determination result of the switchgear operation stability and the safety characterization parameter.

[0062] If the safety characterization parameter is less than or equal to the standard safety characterization parameter, the current switchgear operation safety is within the allowable range;

[0063] If the safety characterization parameter is greater than the standard safety characterization parameter, the current operation safety of the switchgear is lower than the allowable range.

[0064] Specifically, the control unit determines the fault location based on a secondary determination of the safety characterization parameter in combination with partial discharge.

[0065] During implementation, the control unit first performs a preliminary assessment of operational stability based on parameters such as load fluctuation and temperature rise rate. It then performs a secondary safety assessment using safety characterization parameters calculated from integrated temperature and vibration data. When the safety characterization parameter is ≤0.4, the system is deemed to be in a safe operating state and routine monitoring is maintained. When the safety characterization parameter is >0.4, a graded response mechanism is triggered: When the safety characterization parameter is between 0.4 and 0.7, a warning state is activated, automatically increasing cooling and adjusting protection settings (such as shortening the overcurrent protection delay by 20%). When the safety characterization parameter is >0.7, a dangerous state is identified, immediately triggering the partial discharge monitoring device for fault location. Differentiated control is also implemented based on the type of discharge: if creeping discharge is detected, the system operates at a reduced capacity and triggers the ventilation unit; if internal discharge is identified, the system immediately trips the circuit breaker. Through a three-level decision-making process—"initial stability assessment - precise safety characterization parameter assessment - fault location"—the system achieves closed-loop management of the entire process, from abnormality warning to precise handling.

[0066] The present invention can accurately evaluate the operational safety of the switch cabinet by combining the internal temperature and vibration frequency of the cabinet through the control unit, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the power equipment. The control unit first calculates the safety characterization parameter based on the cabinet temperature and vibration frequency, and through comprehensive analysis of these data, promptly identifies whether the equipment is in normal working condition. When the safety characterization parameter is less than or equal to the standard safety characterization parameter, it indicates that the operation of the switch cabinet is within the safe range, the system can continuously and stably provide power, ensure the efficient operation of the equipment, and reduce the probability of failure. On the contrary, when the safety characterization parameter is greater than the standard value, the system will immediately issue an alarm, indicating that the operational safety of the switch cabinet has fallen below the allowable range. The control unit also combines partial discharge monitoring technology to further locate the location of the fault. The time for maintenance and downtime is reduced. The operating efficiency and operational safety of the outdoor low-voltage switch cabinet are further improved.

[0067] Specifically, when the control unit completes the determination of the protection setting value, it determines whether the equipment operating efficiency is within the allowable range according to the power factor.

[0068] If the power factor is less than the standard power factor, the equipment operating efficiency is lower than the allowable range;

[0069] If the power factor is greater than or equal to the standard power factor, the equipment operating efficiency is within the allowable range.

[0070] Specifically, the control unit redetermines the protection setting value according to the equipment operation efficiency determination result.

[0071] During implementation, the control unit dynamically sets the protection value while simultaneously monitoring the power factor in real time to assess equipment operating efficiency. When the power factor is ≥0.95, it is considered to be operating in a highly efficient state, maintaining the current protection parameters. When the power factor is <0.95, the "energy efficiency-protection" linkage adjustment mechanism is immediately activated. First, the graded capacitor compensation module is activated to improve the power factor, while the overcurrent protection value is dynamically corrected based on the power factor deviation (for every 0.1 decrease in the power factor, the overcurrent action value is lowered by 5% and the delay is extended by 20%). This closed-loop coupling of energy efficiency and electrical protection ensures enhanced equipment protection sensitivity during inefficient operation while avoiding protection blind spots caused by reactive power compensation, thereby reducing the rate of false protection operations.

[0072] In the present invention, the increase in the protection setting value prolongs the overcurrent protection delay, resulting in a decrease in the power factor. When the control unit detects that the power factor is lower than the standard value, it can quickly identify equipment efficiency issues and help the equipment improve its working efficiency by re-adjusting the protection setting value, reducing the waste of reactive power, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency. This ensures that the equipment operates under safe and efficient conditions. Through this adjustment mechanism based on real-time data feedback, the system can ensure that the equipment operates in the optimal state, avoiding efficiency reduction or safety hazards caused by power factor fluctuations. This further achieves improvements in the operating efficiency and safety of outdoor low-voltage switchgear.

[0073] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear, characterized in that: include: Cabinet body, including double-layer door panel structure; An electrical configuration unit, connected to the cabinet body, configured to configure electrical energy according to power demand, including an incoming line module for controlling the incoming power supply, a capacitor compensation module connected to the incoming line module for performing reactive power compensation for the switch cabinet, a power switching module for switching power input, and a feeder module for distributing and transmitting electrical energy; a safety protection unit, connected to the cabinet and the electrical configuration unit, respectively, for obtaining operating parameters of the switchgear, including a temperature and humidity sensor disposed inside the cabinet for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the cabinet, a vibration sensor disposed inside the cabinet for detecting the vibration frequency of the cabinet, a power factor sensor connected to the feeder module for obtaining the power factor, and a partial discharge monitoring device connected to the power switching module; A control unit is connected to the cabinet body, the electrical configuration unit and the safety protection unit respectively, and is used to analyze whether the operating stability of the switch cabinet is within the operating range according to the operating parameters of the switch cabinet, and to redetermine the operating mode of the electrical configuration unit.

2. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a ventilation unit for ventilating the switch cabinet, including shutters arranged on the cabinet body for natural ventilation and a ventilation mechanism for forced ventilation of the switch cabinet.

3. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power switching module includes the main power supply and can automatically switch the power input according to the load conditions and power quality to ensure uninterrupted power supply.

4. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit determines whether the operating stability of the switch cabinet is within the allowable range according to the load fluctuation amplitude. If the load fluctuation amplitude is less than or equal to the standard first load fluctuation amplitude, the current switchgear operation stability is within the allowable range; If the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard first load fluctuation amplitude and less than or equal to the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, the current switchgear operation stability is lower than the allowable range; If the load fluctuation amplitude is greater than the standard second load fluctuation amplitude, it is preliminarily determined that the operating safety of the switchgear is lower than the allowable range.

5. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control unit determines the protection setting value based on the judgment result of the switch cabinet operation stability and the temperature rise rate.

6. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control unit calculates an operation safety characterization parameter based on the internal temperature of the cabinet and the cabinet vibration frequency.

7. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control unit determines whether the switch cabinet operation safety is within the allowable range based on the determination result of the switch cabinet operation stability and the safety characterization parameter. If the safety characterization parameter is less than or equal to the standard safety characterization parameter, the current switchgear operation safety is within the allowable range; If the safety characterization parameter is greater than the standard safety characterization parameter, the current operation safety of the switchgear is lower than the allowable range.

8. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control unit determines the fault location based on a secondary determination of the safety characteristic parameter in combination with partial discharge.

9. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the control unit completes the determination of the protection setting value, it determines whether the equipment operating efficiency is within the allowable range according to the power factor. If the power factor is less than the standard power factor, the equipment operating efficiency is lower than the allowable range; If the power factor is greater than or equal to the standard power factor, the equipment operating efficiency is within the allowable range.

10. The multifunctional outdoor low-voltage switchgear according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control unit redetermines the protection setting value according to the equipment operation efficiency determination result.

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