Liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and a welding method thereof, and relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display panel machining, the liquid crystal display panel laser welding device comprises a bottom plate, a laser cutting mechanism on the bottom plate comprises a supporting frame, a laser, a telescopic rod, a rotating lens and a cutting head, and the rotating lens and the cutting head are coaxially arranged in the horizontal direction of an air curtain assembly. According to the device, vibration interference is restrained through five sets of shock absorbers, submicron positioning precision is achieved through a multidirectional positioning track, and zero-stress clamping is achieved through an intelligent shape memory polymer layer; the rotating lens is integrated with a common lens and a high-power lens to realize millisecond-level observation switching, and the air curtain assembly generates a dynamic nitrogen barrier to inhibit welding oxidation; according to the welding method, the clamping temperature field and the contact stress are dynamically optimized based on a closed-loop control formula, optical detection data are mapped into laser machining parameters in real time through a cooperative control formula, intelligent operation of the whole process of clamping, positioning, welding and detection is achieved, and the machining precision and the product yield are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display panel processing, and in particular to a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and a welding method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Liquid crystal display panels, core components of modern electronic devices, are widely used in mobile phones, televisions, computers, and other electronic products. As electronic products move toward thinner, lighter, and higher-resolution designs, higher requirements are placed on the processing precision and efficiency of LCD panels. Some display manufacturers are unable to use the raw materials they purchase directly due to incorrect dimensions, requiring cutting and welding before use.

[0003] Existing technologies typically use a heated pressing head to simultaneously apply high temperature and pressure to the connection point area, causing the solder or conductive adhesive to melt and connect. However, research has found the following technical problems: large-area, long-term hot pressing can cause thermal stress deformation in the panel substrate, affecting optical properties and dimensional accuracy. This is especially sensitive to thin, large-size, high-resolution panels. Mechanical pressure can damage delicate metal circuits, causing open circuits or short circuits. For multi-layer circuit structures, the risk is even higher. At the same time, heat can easily diffuse to non-target areas, potentially damaging nearby liquid crystal materials, thin-film transistors, or other sensitive components. Furthermore, the precision and control of fixed-point welding of tiny connection points or high-density circuit areas are insufficient. Manually switching the inspection lens takes more than 10 seconds per point, and vibration of the motion mechanism affects image clarity.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and a welding method thereof to solve the technical problems in the prior art of generating thermal stress deformation, affecting optical properties, and causing pressure injuries.

[0006] The present application provides a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and a welding method thereof, which adopt the following technical solution: a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device, comprising a base plate, characterized in that a control console is provided on one side of the base plate, a vibration damper is provided on the bottom of the base plate, a multi-directional positioning track is provided inside the base plate, a workbench is provided on one side of the multi-directional positioning track, a fixing mechanism is provided on the top of the workbench, a displacement mechanism is provided on one side of the workbench, an air curtain assembly is provided on one side of the displacement mechanism, a laser cutting mechanism is provided above the air curtain assembly, the laser cutting mechanism comprises a support frame, a laser, a telescopic rod, a rotating lens and a cutting head, a laser is provided on one side of the support frame, a telescopic rod is provided on one side of the laser, a rotating lens is provided at one end of the telescopic rod, a cutting head is provided on one side of the rotating lens, and the rotating lens and the cutting head are arranged along the horizontal direction of the air curtain assembly.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the multi-directional positioning track achieves high-precision, multi-degree-of-freedom positioning of the worktable within the base plane through the composite structure of transverse and longitudinal slides, providing a precise coordinate reference for LCD panel welding. The air curtain assembly, through the cooperation of a nitrogen tank and an air pump, forms a directional nitrogen air curtain in the cutting head operating area. Its technical effect is to physically isolate air contact during the welding process, effectively inhibiting circuit oxidation and reducing smoke deposition. The rotating lens integrates ordinary lenses and high-magnification lenses on a rotatable lens holder, and with the lifting and lowering adjustment of the telescopic rod, it can achieve rapid switching between high-magnification circuit inspection and conventional observation mode before welding. This design solves the contradiction between observation accuracy and operational efficiency through mechanical structural innovation, avoiding the time loss of traditional lens replacement. The linkage design of the cutting slide and displacement mechanism provides a stable movement path for the laser cutting mechanism, ensuring the continuity of the welding position. The overall device reduces external vibration interference through vibration dampers to ensure the focusing stability of the high-energy laser beam. Relying on the structural design of physical isolation, mechanical coordination, and dynamic observation, it achieves the technical effects of improving welding accuracy, inhibiting oxidation defects, and enhancing operational fluency.

[0008] Preferably, the console includes a control panel and a display screen, a display screen is provided on one side of the control panel, and the display screen displays the image of the rotating lens in real time, five groups of shock absorbers are provided, and the five groups of shock absorbers are evenly distributed along the horizontal direction of the base plate, cutting slides are provided on both sides of the base plate, and the base plate is connected to the displacement mechanism through the cutting slides.

[0009] By adopting the above solution, the console realizes human-computer interaction and real-time monitoring through an integrated control panel and display screen. Its technical effect is to directly feed back the high-precision images captured by the rotating lens to the display screen, eliminating the physical isolation between observation and operation in traditional equipment, and realizing synchronous visual supervision of the welding process; the five groups of vibration absorbers are evenly arranged along the horizontal direction of the base plate to form a distributed support, and the synergistic effect of multi-point vibration damping blocks the transmission path of external vibration to the laser focusing system, ensuring the imaging stability of the high-magnification lens and the focusing accuracy of the laser beam; the cutting slides are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate and rigidly connected to the displacement mechanism, providing a high-rigidity multi-degree-of-freedom moving reference for the air curtain assembly and the laser cutting mechanism, ensuring the precise displacement of the cutting head along the preset trajectory within the coverage range of the nitrogen air curtain. This supplementary design significantly improves the process controllability, processing environment stability and positioning accuracy of multi-mechanism coordinated motion while continuing the functional architecture of the main claim through display linkage, vibration suppression topology optimization and motion constraint reinforcement.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-directional positioning rail includes a transverse slide rail, a longitudinal slide rail and a slider. The transverse slide rails are provided in two groups, and the two groups of transverse slide rails are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the base plate. The outer wall of the transverse slide rail is connected to the longitudinal slide rail through the slider, and the longitudinal slide rail is connected to the workbench through the slider.

[0011] By adopting the above scheme, the multi-directional positioning track constructs a basic support platform through two groups of horizontally symmetrically arranged transverse slide rails, and uses sliders to connect the longitudinal slide rails to form a compound motion pair. Its technical effect is to eliminate the risk of overload deformation of the single-track structure through the symmetrically distributed transverse slide rails, thereby ensuring the translational stability of the workbench in the X-axis direction; the nested design of the slider and the longitudinal slide rail realizes independent motion control in the Y-axis direction, and combines the symmetrical constraints of the transverse slide rails to form a high-rigidity planar two-dimensional motion system, so that the workbench can obtain interference-free multi-degree-of-freedom precision positioning capabilities within the base plane.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a polymer layer and an energy activation component, the polymer layer is made of an intelligent shape memory polymer, and energy activation components are provided on both sides of the bottom of the polymer layer.

[0013] By adopting the above scheme, the fixing mechanism constructs an adaptive fixing system through a polymer layer made of intelligent shape memory polymer and symmetrically distributed energy activation components. Its technical effect is to utilize the controllable deformation characteristics of shape memory polymer under the action of energy field, so that the polymer layer produces microscopic deformation matching the curvature of the liquid crystal panel under the precise stimulation of the energy activation component, forming a three-dimensional wrap-around fixation without stress concentration; this design replaces traditional mechanical clamping with the intelligent response characteristics of the material, eliminates the risk of local stress concentration caused by rigid clamps, avoids microcracks caused by uneven force on the liquid crystal panel, maintains the flatness of the panel while ensuring the reliability of the fixation, and provides a zero-deformation reference plane for high-precision laser welding. Ultimately, the technical contradiction between clamping damage and deformation control of precision electronic components is solved through the collaborative innovation of materials and control.

[0014] Preferably, the displacement mechanism includes a displacement bracket, a moving belt, a connecting plate and a small slide rail. The top of the displacement bracket is provided with a moving belt, a connecting plate is provided on one side of the moving belt, and a small slide rail is provided on the outer wall of the connecting plate.

[0015] By adopting the above scheme, the displacement mechanism supports the moving belt through the displacement bracket to form a basic transmission system. Its technical effect is to utilize the continuous flexible transmission characteristics of the moving belt to replace the traditional screw structure, and combine the rigid guide assembly formed by the connecting plate and the small slide rail to realize the uninterrupted uniform motion of the air curtain assembly and the laser cutting mechanism on the cutting slide rail; this design uses a composite structure of flexible transmission and rigid guidance to significantly reduce the inertial impact in the start and stop stages while ensuring the movement accuracy, avoiding the imaging blur problem caused by mechanical vibration of high-magnification lenses; the small slide rail and the cutting slide rail described in claim 2 form a dual motion constraint, so that the connecting plate and the linkage block of the air curtain assembly always maintain a directional rigid connection, ensuring the dynamic tracking of the nitrogen air curtain generation position and the laser welding site.

[0016] Preferably, the air curtain assembly includes a moving rod, a moving frame, a linkage block, an air outlet, an air suction port, an air duct, a small fan, an air pump and a nitrogen tank. The moving rod is connected to the displacement mechanism, a moving frame is provided on the outer wall of the moving rod, a linkage block is provided on one side of the moving frame, the moving frame is connected to the connecting plate through the linkage block, an air outlet is provided on the other side of the moving frame, an air suction port is provided on one side of the air outlet, air ducts are provided inside the air outlet and the air suction port, a small fan is provided on one side of the air duct, an air pump is connected to one side of the air duct, a nitrogen tank is provided on one side of the air pump, and the air pump allows the nitrogen in the nitrogen tank to pass through the air duct to form a nitrogen air curtain.

[0017] By adopting the above scheme, the air curtain assembly realizes synchronous displacement with the laser cutting mechanism through the rigid connection between the moving rod and the displacement mechanism. The technical effect is that the mechanical coupling design of the linkage block and the connecting plate is used to ensure that the air outlet and the air intake on the movable frame always maintain spatial position synchronization with the cutting head; the nitrogen tank uses an air pump to pressurize the inert gas to the air outlet through the air duct, and forms a directional high-flow nitrogen air curtain under the acceleration of the small fan. This design blocks the contact path between the welding area and the air through a physical isolation mechanism, effectively inhibiting the oxidation reaction of the metal circuit during the welding process; the coordinated layout of the air intake and the air outlet constructs a local gas circulation channel, which significantly reduces the risk of smoke particles deposited on the surface of the liquid crystal panel.

[0018] Preferably, the rotating lens includes a rotating ring, a lens frame, an ordinary lens and a high-magnification lens. A driving motor is provided on one side of the rotating ring, and the driving motor is connected to the support frame. A lens frame is provided on the other side of the rotating ring, and one side of the lens frame is connected to the telescopic rod. An ordinary lens is provided at the bottom of the lens frame, and a high-magnification lens is provided on one side of the ordinary lens. The lens frame can rotate along the rotating ring through the driving motor.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, the rotating lens drives the lens frame to realize rotational movement by driving the rotating ring through the driving motor. The technical effect is that the ordinary lens and the high-magnification lens are integrated on the same lens frame, and the traditional manual lens replacement operation is replaced by mechanical rotation, so as to realize millisecond-level switching of observation mode and significantly shorten the detection time in the welding process. The design uses a coaxial rotation structure to ensure the consistency of the optical center position of the two lenses, eliminates the need for optical path recalibration caused by lens replacement, and ensures that the observation accuracy of the high-magnification lens on the welding site and the wide-area positioning data of the ordinary lens maintain spatial coordinate unity; combined with the vertical lifting and adjustment function of the telescopic rod, the lens group can adapt to the observation needs of liquid crystal panels of different thicknesses; finally, the rotation-lifting composite motion mechanism is coordinated with the horizontal arrangement of the air curtain assembly described in claim 1.

[0020] A welding method for a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device, comprising the following steps: S1. Panel loading and fixing: placing the liquid crystal panel to be processed on the fixing mechanism and fixing it through the polymer layer; S2. Global detection and positioning: The liquid crystal panel is moved to the bottom of the rotating lens by the multi-directional positioning track and displacement mechanism, and high-precision imaging is performed by a high-magnification lens according to the process recipe; S3, laser focused welding: the cutting head is precisely focused according to a preset focal position, the laser emits light according to the set parameters for welding, and at the same time, a nitrogen air curtain is generated at the welding position of the liquid crystal panel through the air curtain assembly; S4. Immediate quality detection: After the welding is completed, the laser of the cutting head is turned off, and the welding site is immediately imaged through the high-magnification lens. After a preliminary quality assessment is performed through the console, the next target point is welded.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme, step S1 utilizes the intelligent shape memory polymer layer of the fixing mechanism to adaptively cover the liquid crystal panel under the action of the energy activation component, and combines the intelligent closed-loop control formula of claim 9 to dynamically adjust the temperature field and contact stress to achieve zero-stress clamping; step S2 drives the workbench to precisely move through the symmetrical slide rail structure of the multi-directional positioning track, so that the high-magnification lens can perform submillimeter imaging and positioning of the circuit; step S3 dynamically adjusts the laser power, frequency and scanning speed based on the collaborative control formula of claim 10, and synchronously triggers the nitrogen tank and air pump of the air curtain assembly to generate a directional air curtain at the welding site, which physically isolates the air and absorbs smoke and dust; step S4 switches the high-magnification lens by rotating the lens in milliseconds to perform real-time imaging of the welding point, and feeds back the detection data to the display screen of the console to achieve process self-optimization.

[0022] Preferably, in step S1, the polymer layer fixes the liquid crystal panel through intelligent closed-loop control, and the intelligent closed-loop control formula is as follows: Where u represents the control output vector; T k represents the temperature state at step K; δ k represents the contact stress at step k; σ k represents the deformation of the Kth step; T ref represents the target temperature field; Q represents the error weighting matrix; ρ represents the control mutation suppression coefficient. The multimodal sensor data is fused into a state vector through the intelligent closed-loop control formula, and the control command is generated through the constrained rolling horizon optimization.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, the rolling horizon optimization algorithm is used to dynamically solve the control output vector u(t) under the constraints, and the temperature state T is minimized. k With the target temperature field T ref Deviation, contact stress δ k Deviation from the reference value δref, synchronous suppression control instruction u kThe sudden change of the energy activation component can realize the precise excitation of the polymer layer by the energy activation component; the design assigns priority to the temperature field uniformity and contact stress balance through the error weighting matrix Q, so that the intelligent shape memory polymer produces an adaptive deformation that matches the curvature of the liquid crystal panel, while eliminating the clamping stress and maintaining the three-dimensional coating stability; finally, the closed-loop control of multi-physical field coupling replaces the empirical parameter setting to solve the risk of microcracks caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of the material in the traditional fixing method, and provides a zero-deformation reference plane guarantee for the laser welding device described in claim 1.

[0024] Preferably, in step S3, the collaborative control formula of the laser and the high-power lens is: Where P represents the laser power; f represents the laser frequency; v represents the scanning speed; τ represents the parameter mapping function; M represents the optical magnification; β obs Indicates the observation position deviation; d min represents the minimum distinguishable feature; ω represents the material absorption factor; k s represents the structural reinforcement coefficient; k d Indicates the default adjustment coefficient; It represents the image Laplace operator, and the collaborative control formula enables the laser and the high-power lens to perform operations according to set parameters.

[0025] By adopting the above scheme, according to the image Laplacian operator The sharpness of the line edge is judged in real time, and the optimized combination of laser power P, frequency f and scanning speed v is dynamically generated; the design establishes a mathematical correlation between optical detection data and laser processing parameters, and compensates for the differences in material properties of different panels through the material absorption factor ω, so that the laser automatically switches between precision welding mode and conventional processing mode under the real-time feedback of the high-magnification lens. While maintaining the nitrogen protection of the air curtain assembly as described in claim 1, it solves the technical contradiction between parameter solidification and adaptive control of line micromorphology in traditional laser welding, and ultimately improves welding accuracy and defect suppression capabilities through the optical-energy collaborative control model.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The intelligent shape memory polymer layer combines with the closed-loop control formula to dynamically adjust the temperature field and contact stress, eliminate clamping stress, and avoid micro cracks; 2. The nitrogen in the air curtain assembly circulates in a directional manner, physically isolating the air and absorbing smoke and dust, inhibiting the formation of an oxide layer; 3. Millisecond-level lens switching and coordinated control formula for the rotating lens eliminate time-consuming manual operations and improve processing consistency; 4. Multi-directional positioning track symmetrical slide rail structure + five sets of shock absorbers distributed layout, the workbench displacement accuracy reaches ±1μm, and the vibration transmission attenuation is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and its welding method in the present application; Figure 2 This is a side view of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof according to the present application; Figure 3 This is a top view of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof according to the present application; Figure 4 This is a partial side view of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof according to the present application; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the base plate and multi-directional positioning track of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof in the present application; Figure 6 This is a displacement mechanism and laser cutting explosion diagram of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and its welding method in the present application; Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the air curtain mechanism of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof in the present application; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the air curtain mechanism of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and welding method thereof in the present application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Base plate; 2. Control console; 21. Control panel; 22. Display screen; 3. Shock absorber; 4. Multi-directional positioning track; 41. Horizontal slide rail; 42. Longitudinal slide rail; 43. Slider; 5. Workbench; 6. Fixing mechanism; 61. Polymer layer; 62. Energy activation component; 7. Displacement mechanism; 71. Displacement bracket; 72. Moving belt; 73. Connecting plate; 74. Small slide rail; 8. Air curtain component; 81. Displacement Moving rod; 82. Moving frame; 83. Linkage block; 84. Air outlet; 85. Air intake; 86. Air duct; 87. Small fan; 88. Air pump; 89. Nitrogen tank; 9. Laser cutting mechanism; 91. Support frame; 92. Laser; 93. Telescopic rod; 94. Rotating lens; 95. Cutting head; 10. Cutting slide; 11. Rotating ring; 12. Lens holder; 13. Ordinary lens; 14. High-magnification lens; 15. Driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 , further details of this application are given.

[0030] The embodiments of the present application disclose a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device and a welding method thereof.

[0031] A liquid crystal display panel laser welding device includes a base plate 1, a console 2 is provided on one side of the base plate 1, a vibration damper 3 is provided at the bottom of the base plate 1, a multi-directional positioning track 4 is provided inside the base plate 1, a workbench 5 is provided on one side of the multi-directional positioning track 4, a fixing mechanism 6 is provided on the top of the workbench 5, a displacement mechanism 7 is provided on one side of the workbench 5, an air curtain assembly 8 is provided on one side of the displacement mechanism 7, and a laser cutting mechanism 9 is provided above the air curtain assembly 8. The laser cutting mechanism 9 includes a support frame 91, a laser 92, a telescopic rod 93, a rotating lens 94 and a cutting head 95. A laser 92 is provided on one side of the support frame 91, a telescopic rod 93 is provided on one side of the laser 92, a rotating lens 94 is provided at one end of the telescopic rod 93, a cutting head 95 is provided on one side of the rotating lens 94, and the rotating lens 94 and the cutting head 95 are arranged along the horizontal direction of the air curtain assembly 8.

[0032] Specifically, the base plate 1 adopts a carbide platform and is fixed to the foundation by anchor bolts. Five groups of shock absorbers 3 at the bottom are installed with polyurethane damping pads in a rectangular array. The internal multi-directional positioning track 4 constructs an X-axis reference through two groups of transverse slide rails 41 symmetrically welded on the base of the base plate 1. Each transverse slide rail 41 is nested and assembled with a longitudinal slide rail 42 through a slider 43. The workbench 5 forms a Y-axis sliding pair with the longitudinal slide rail 42 through the bottom slider 43; the fixing mechanism 6 lays a 2mm thick intelligent shape memory polymer layer 61 on the surface of the workbench 5, and infrared heating plates are embedded on both sides of its bottom as energy activation components 62; the displacement bracket 71 of the displacement mechanism 7 is fixed to the side of the base plate 1 by bolts, and the moving belt 72 adopts a synchronous toothed belt drive. The connecting plate 73 is engaged with the moving belt 72 through a buckle and moves along the small slide rail 74; the moving rod 81 of the air curtain assembly 8 is welded on the connecting plate 73 , the movable frame 82 is mounted on the outer wall of the movable rod 81, the linkage block 83 is hinged to connect the movable frame 82 and the connecting plate 73, the air outlet 84 and the air suction port 85 are arranged on the side wall of the movable frame 82 at an angle of 30°, the air duct 86 adopts a stainless steel bellows to connect the nitrogen tank 89 outlet and the air pump 88 inlet, and a small fan 87 is assembled at the front end of the air outlet 84; the support frame 91 of the laser cutting mechanism 9 is fixed to the base plate 1 by bolts, the laser 92 uses a 1064nm fiber laser source, the telescopic rod 93 is driven by an electric push rod, the rotating ring 11 is installed at the end of the telescopic rod 93 through a bearing, the lens frame 12 is fixed to the bottom of the rotating ring 11 through a slot, the ordinary lens 13 and the high-power lens 14 are embedded in the lens frame 12 side by side with a center distance of 15mm, the cutting head 95 is connected to the side of the rotating lens 94 through a flange, and the axes of the two are arranged parallel to the movable rod 81 of the air curtain assembly 8.

[0033] The console 2 includes a control panel 21 and a display screen 22. A display screen 22 is provided on one side of the control panel 21. The display screen 22 displays the image of the rotating lens 94 in real time. Five groups of shock absorbers 3 are provided, and the five groups of shock absorbers 3 are evenly distributed along the horizontal direction of the base plate 1. Cutting slide rails 10 are provided on both sides of the base plate 1, and the base plate 1 is connected to the displacement mechanism 7 through the cutting slide rails 10.

[0034] Specifically, the control panel 21 of the console 2 is integrated into the cabinet on the side of the base plate 1 using an industrial-grade embedded system, and its display screen 22 is directly connected to the video output end of the control panel 21 through an HDMI interface, and presents the RGB three-channel image captured by the rotating lens 94 in real time; the five groups of shock absorbers 3 are arranged in a rectangular array at the four corners and the center of the bottom surface of the base plate 1, and the model of each group of shock absorbers 3 is HFZN type thin film air-floating shock absorber, which is fixed by bolts passing through the thickness direction of the base plate 1; the cutting slide 10 adopts a linear guide rail laid along the full length of both sides of the base plate 1, and the bottom of the connecting plate 73 of the displacement mechanism 7 forms a rolling pair with the cutting slide 10 through the slider 43. At the same time, the small slide 74 on the outer wall of the connecting plate 73 maintains a parallel distance of 10 mm with the cutting slide 10, constituting a double motion constraint. This embodiment optimizes the vibration reduction topology to suppress low-frequency vibrations with a central vibration absorber and attenuate high-frequency harmonics with four-corner vibration absorbers to improve anti-interference capability, and utilizes the coordinated guidance of the cutting slide 10 and the small slide 74 to ensure that the straightness of the moving trajectory of the air curtain assembly 8 is ≤0.01mm / m. At the same time, the control board 21 performs frame buffer compression processing on the image data, achieving a technical effect of display delay ≤10ms on the display screen 22.

[0035] The multi-directional positioning track 4 includes a transverse slide rail 41, a longitudinal slide rail 42 and a slider 43. There are two groups of transverse slide rails 41, and the two groups of transverse slide rails 41 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the base plate 1. The outer wall of the transverse slide rail 41 is connected to the longitudinal slide rail 42 through the slider 43, and the longitudinal slide rail 42 is connected to the workbench 5 through the slider 43.

[0036] Specifically, the two sets of transverse slide rails 41 of the multi-directional positioning track 4 are fixed in parallel to the internal reference surface of the base plate 1 using high-carbon steel quenched guide rails, and the spacing ratio to the width of the workbench 5 is 1.2:1. The outer wall is assembled with a longitudinal slide rail 42 through a slider 43 with adjustable preload force. The slider 43 has a built-in copper-based graphite self-lubricating bearing and a lithium-based grease oiling hole; the longitudinal slide rail 42 is connected to the bottom surface of the workbench 5 through an interference fit slider 43, and a slider 43 is provided at each corner of the workbench 5 to form a four-point support, and mechanical limit blocks are arranged at both ends of the longitudinal slide rail 42.

[0037] The fixing mechanism 6 includes a polymer layer 61 and an energy activation component 62 . The polymer layer 61 is made of an intelligent shape memory polymer. Energy activation components 62 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the polymer layer 61 .

[0038] Specifically, the polymer layer 61 of the fixing mechanism 6 is injection-molded into a 2 mm thick sheet structure using a polyurethane-based shape memory material, which is laid on the surface of the workbench 5. Its glass transition temperature Tg is set to 65°C, and thermal excitation is performed through the ceramic infrared heating plate energy activation component 62 embedded on both sides of the bottom; the infrared heating plate covers 80% of the bottom area of ​​the polymer layer 61 with a serpentine routing layout, and the wiring terminals are externally connected to the PWM power module of the control board 21. During implementation, the control board 21 collects real-time data from the PT100 platinum resistor embedded in the polymer layer 61 and the piezoelectric film distributed on the workbench 5 using a closed-loop control formula. The system then dynamically solves the heating power command u(t) using a rolling time-domain optimization algorithm. Once the LCD panel is in place, the infrared heater raises the temperature to Tg+10°C based on the u(t) output value, softening the polymer. The power is then adjusted based on the contact stress δk feedback, causing δk to approach δref = 0.15 MPa. Once the panel is fully encapsulated, the temperature is lowered to Tg-20°C to lock the shape. A weighted Q matrix is ​​used to prioritize temperature gradients |Tk-Tref| ≤ 2°C, while a power surge of ρ = 0.5 is used to prevent thermal fatigue. This implementation is based on a shape memory effect triggering mechanism: the elastic modulus of the polymer segments changes abruptly by a factor of 103 near Tg. This, combined with symmetrical heating on both sides, eliminates thermal deformation and warping, achieving adaptive fixation of three-dimensional surfaces with zero mechanical clamping force.

[0039] The displacement mechanism 7 includes a displacement bracket 71, a moving belt 72, a connecting plate 73 and a small slide rail 74. The moving belt 72 is provided on the top of the displacement bracket 71, a connecting plate 73 is provided on one side of the moving belt 72, and a small slide rail 74 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting plate 73.

[0040] Specifically, the displacement bracket 71 of the displacement mechanism 7 is vertically fixed to the side of the base plate 1 by anchor bolts, and the moving belt 72 installed on the top adopts a polyurethane synchronous toothed belt, and the driving wheel is driven by a servo motor to achieve stepless speed change; the connecting plate 73 is engaged and fixed with the moving belt 72 by a spring steel buckle, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the buckle to monitor the engagement force in real time. The small slide rail 74 welded on the outer wall adopts a linear needle guide rail, which is parallel to the cutting slide rails 10 on both sides of the base plate 1 with a spacing of 8mm; this implementation is based on the flexible transmission of kinetic energy Principle: When the servo motor starts and stops, the elastic deformation modulus of the polyurethane synchronous toothed belt is 5MPa, which absorbs 80% of the inertial impact kinetic energy. At the same time, the small slide rail 74 and the cutting slide rail 10 form a double V-shaped guide groove, and the radial runout is limited to ±5μm through the line contact between the needle roller and the V-shaped surface; the bottom of the connecting plate 73 is connected to the linkage block 83 through the disc spring group, and the disc spring stiffness gradient characteristic stiffness coefficient of 0.5~5N / mm is used to attenuate the remaining vibration energy, and finally achieve a smooth displacement of the air curtain assembly 8 with a moving acceleration of ≤0.3g.

[0041] The air curtain assembly 8 includes a moving rod 81, a moving frame 82, a linkage block 83, an air outlet 84, an air suction port 85, an air duct 86, a small fan 87, an air pump 88 and a nitrogen tank 89. The moving rod 81 is connected to the displacement mechanism 7. A moving frame 82 is provided on the outer wall of the moving rod 81. A linkage block 83 is provided on one side of the moving frame 82. The moving frame 82 is connected to the connecting plate 73 through the linkage block 83. An air outlet 84 is provided on the other side of the moving frame 82. An air suction port 85 is provided on one side of the air outlet 84. An air duct 86 is provided inside the air outlet 84 and the air suction port 85. A small fan 87 is provided on one side of the air duct 86. An air pump 88 is connected to one side of the air duct 86. A nitrogen tank 89 is provided on one side of the air pump 88. The air pump 88 allows the nitrogen in the nitrogen tank 89 to pass through the air duct 86 to form a nitrogen air curtain.

[0042] Specifically, the moving rod 81 of the air curtain assembly 8 is rigidly connected to the connecting plate 73 of the displacement mechanism 7 through a flange, and the moving frame 82 is made of aluminum alloy profile and is sleeved on the outer wall of the moving rod 81 and forms a sliding pair through a linear bearing; the linkage block 83 is hinged to the connecting plate 73 by a ball joint bearing, so that the moving frame 82 obtains a ±2° degree of freedom of deflection; the air outlet 84 and the air intake 85 respectively adopt a slit nozzle with a width of 0.5mm and a bell-shaped dust cover, and are set opposite to each other at an angle of 30°. The center-to-center distance is 12mm. Air duct 86 uses a PTFE hose to connect the outlet of nitrogen tank 89 to the inlet of air pump 88. A small fan 87 is installed in the air duct in front of outlet 84. During operation, air pump 88 pressurizes nitrogen at 0.6MPa through air duct 86 to outlet 84. The impeller of small fan 87 accelerates the laminar gas flow to 15m / s, forming a directional air curtain. Simultaneously, suction port 85, under negative pressure, draws in escaping gas and smoke, forming a closed-loop gas circulation path. The high-speed nitrogen curtain, with a Reynolds number of Re > 4000, creates a local positive pressure in the welding area, preventing air infiltration. The 30° angle design allows the outlet air curtain to overlap with the negative pressure suction zone, achieving an exhaust gas capture rate of over 90%. The ball-joint structure of linkage block 83 compensates for assembly errors during the movement of displacement mechanism 7, ensuring that the spatial deviation between the center of the air curtain and the laser welding focus is ≤ 0.1mm.

[0043] The rotating lens 94 includes a rotating ring 11, a lens frame 12, an ordinary lens 13 and a high-magnification lens 14. A driving motor 15 is provided on one side of the rotating ring 11, and the driving motor 15 is connected to the support frame 91. A lens frame 12 is provided on the other side of the rotating ring 11, and one side of the lens frame 12 is connected to the telescopic rod 93. An ordinary lens 13 is provided at the bottom of the lens frame 12, and a high-magnification lens 14 is provided on one side of the ordinary lens 13. The lens frame 12 can rotate along the rotating ring 11 through the driving motor 15.

[0044] Specifically, the rotating ring 11 of the rotating lens 94 is installed at the end of the telescopic rod 93 through an angular contact ball bearing with an axial clearance of ≤0.005mm. The rotor stator coil of the driving motor 15 is mounted on the outside and fixed to the support frame 91. The lens frame 12 is made of carbon fiber material and fixed to the bottom of the rotating ring 11 with an interference fit; the distance between the central axes of the ordinary lens 13 and the high-power lens 14 is designed to be 18mm, which is calculated based on the difference in the back focal length of the objective lens, and are respectively installed on the aluminum alloy lens mount at the bottom of the lens frame 12 through threaded rings; during implementation, the driving motor 15 receives the pulse signal from the control board 21 to drive the rotating ring 11 to rotate 180°, so that the optical axis of the high-power lens 14 is accurately aligned with the focus position error of the cutting head 95 of ±2μm. When performing pre-fusion inspection, the driving motor 15 switches the high-magnification lens 14 to the working position within 0.2 seconds. The installation eccentricity between its optical center and the ordinary lens 13 is controlled within 5μm through mechanical processing, avoiding the optical path recalibration caused by traditional lens replacement; the electric push rod of the telescopic rod 93 adjusts the lens focus height in 0.01mm steps, and cooperates with the horizontal arrangement design of the middle air curtain assembly 8 to ensure that the nitrogen air curtain always covers the lens observation area.

[0045] A welding method for a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device, comprising the following steps: S1. Panel loading and fixing: placing the liquid crystal panel to be processed on the fixing mechanism 6 and fixing it via the polymer layer 61; S2. Global detection and positioning: The LCD panel is moved to the bottom of the rotating lens 94 through the multi-directional positioning track 4 and the displacement mechanism 7, and high-precision imaging is performed through the high-magnification lens 14 according to the process recipe; S3, laser focused welding: the cutting head 95 is precisely focused according to the preset focus position, and the laser 92 emits light according to the set parameters to perform welding. At the same time, the air curtain assembly 8 generates a nitrogen air curtain at the welding position of the liquid crystal panel; S4. Immediate quality inspection: After the welding is completed, the laser of the cutting head 95 is turned off, and the welding site is immediately imaged through the high-power lens 14. After a preliminary quality assessment is performed through the console 2, the next target point is welded.

[0046] Specifically, in step S1, the polymer layer 61 receives the PWM power signal u(t) output by the control board 21 through the infrared heating plate energy activation component 62 symmetrically distributed at the bottom. When the liquid crystal panel is placed, the heating power is dynamically adjusted according to the closed-loop control formula: the control board 21 collects the PT100 temperature sensor data Tk and the piezoelectric film stress sensor data δk embedded in the polymer layer 61 every 200ms, and solves the problem through the rolling time domain optimization algorithm, so that the elastic modulus of the polymer layer 61 drops sharply from 2GPa to 2MPa near Tg=65℃, realizing three-dimensional surface adaptive coating; in step S2, The workbench 5 moves to the preset coordinates at a speed of 0.5 m / min via the transverse slide 41 of the multi-directional positioning track 4, and the longitudinal slide 42 is fine-tuned by ±50 μm based on the βobs position deviation fed back by the high-magnification lens 14; in step S3, the laser 92 dynamically outputs laser parameters according to the collaborative control formula, where τ is the preset copper line material mapping function, and synchronously triggers the air pump 88 to output nitrogen at a pressure of 0.6 MPa to form an air curtain covering the weld point; in step S4, the drive motor 15 rotates the lens holder 12 within 0.2 seconds to switch the high-magnification lens 14, and the weld point is extracted through the FPGA image processor of the control board 21. The defect is judged by the value. It is marked as qualified.

[0047] Preferably, in step S1, the polymer layer 61 fixes the liquid crystal panel through intelligent closed-loop control, and the intelligent closed-loop control formula is as follows: Where u represents the control output vector; T k represents the temperature state at step K; δ k represents the contact stress at step k; σ k represents the deformation of the Kth step; T ref represents the target temperature field; Q represents the error weighting matrix; ρ represents the control mutation suppression coefficient. The multimodal sensor data are fused into a state vector through the intelligent closed-loop control formula, and the control instructions are generated through the constrained rolling horizon optimization.

[0048] Specifically, in step S1, the intelligent closed-loop control of the polymer layer 61 is implemented as follows: the control board 21 collects the temperature state Tk through the PT100 temperature sensor embedded in the polymer layer 61 every 200 ms, collects the contact stress δk through the piezoelectric film array, and fuses the multimodal data into a state vector; according to the formula, the constrained sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used to solve the optimal PWM power instruction uk; the instruction drives the infrared heating plate energy activation component 62 symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the polymer layer 61, so that its surface temperature field fluctuates in the range of 75±2°C, triggering the polyurethane material to have a sudden drop in elastic modulus of 2GPa→2MPa near the glass transition temperature Tg=65°C, completing the adaptive coating of the curvature of the liquid crystal panel, and at the same time, the constraint term ρ=0.5 limits the power change in adjacent control cycles to ≤20%, avoiding fatigue cracking of the material due to thermal shock, and finally achieving zero-damage fixation with a clamping stress standard deviation of ≤0.02MPa.

[0049] In step S3, the coordinated control formula of the laser 92 and the high-power lens 14 is: Where P represents the laser power; f represents the laser frequency; v represents the scanning speed; τ represents the parameter mapping function; M represents the optical magnification; β obs Indicates the observation position deviation; d min represents the minimum distinguishable feature; ω represents the material absorption factor; k s represents the structural reinforcement coefficient; k d Indicates the default adjustment coefficient; It represents the image Laplace operator, and the collaborative control formula enables the laser 92 and the high-magnification lens 14 to perform operations according to the set parameters.

[0050] Specifically, in step S3, the collaborative control formula is implemented as follows: the high-power lens 14 images the welding area with a 40-fold optical magnification M, and the FPGA image processor of the control board 21 calculates the image Laplace operator in real time. Use 3×3 convolution kernel for spatial filtering. When the threshold k is preset, the line edge sharpness is determined to be up to standard, and the structure enhancement coefficient ks = 1.2 is enabled, otherwise the default coefficient kd = 0.9 is enabled; at the same time, the observation position deviation β is calculated by the image matching algorithm obs The Euclidean distance between the actual coordinates of the welding point and the preset coordinates, combined with the minimum distinguishable feature d min =5μm is determined by the optical resolution of the lens and the absorption factor of the copper circuit material ω=0.8, and the intermediate variables are calculated through the input values ​​of the parameter mapping function; the optimal combination of laser power P, frequency f, and scanning speed v is finally output.

[0051] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the bottom plate 1 establishes a vibration suppression base multi-directional positioning track 4 through five groups of vibration absorbers 3; the longitudinal slide 42 using two groups of symmetrical transverse slides 41 connected to the slider 43 constructs a planar motion decoupling system; the workbench 5 carries the intelligent shape memory polymer layer 61 of the fixing mechanism 6, which undergoes a glass transition under the thermal stimulation of the energy activation component 62 to achieve zero-stress clamping of the liquid crystal panel; the displacement mechanism 7 drives the connecting plate 73 along the cutting slide 10 and the small slide 74 through the moving belt; the linkage block 83 of the moving air curtain assembly 8 connects the moving frame 82 with the connecting plate 73 The articulated nitrogen tank 89 delivers gas through the air pump 88 and the air duct 86. The small fan 87 forms a dynamic air curtain covering the welding area at the air outlet 84. The air suction port 85 constructs a negative pressure smoke and dust capture system. The telescopic rod 93 of the laser cutting mechanism 9 drives the rotating ring 11 of the rotating lens 94 to switch the optical path of the ordinary lens 13 and the high-magnification lens 14 through the drive motor 15. The cutting head 95 and the lens assembly are arranged horizontally to ensure the coaxiality of the observation and processing. The control console 2 rolls and optimizes the energy activation instruction u(t) according to the closed-loop control formula of claim 9 and synchronously executes the collaborative control formula of claim 10 to collect the high-magnification lens 14. Edge sharpness data is mapped to laser power P, frequency f, scanning speed v parameters to achieve optomechanical and electrical integrated control.

[0052] The examples of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display panel laser welding device, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: A control console (2) is provided on one side of the base plate (1), a vibration damper (3) is provided on the bottom of the base plate (1), a multi-directional positioning track (4) is provided inside the base plate (1), a workbench (5) is provided on one side of the multi-directional positioning track (4), a fixing mechanism (6) is provided on the top of the workbench (5), a displacement mechanism (7) is provided on one side of the workbench (5), an air curtain assembly (8) is provided on one side of the displacement mechanism (7), a laser cutting mechanism (9) is provided above the air curtain assembly (8), and the laser cutting mechanism (9) is provided on the upper side of the laser cutting mechanism (9). The optical cutting mechanism (9) comprises a support frame (91), a laser (92), a telescopic rod (93), a rotating lens (94) and a cutting head (95); the laser (92) is arranged on one side of the support frame (91); the telescopic rod (93) is arranged on one side of the laser (92); the rotating lens (94) is arranged at one end of the telescopic rod (93); the cutting head (95) is arranged on one side of the rotating lens (94); the rotating lens (94) and the cutting head (95) are arranged along the horizontal direction of the air curtain assembly (8).

2. The liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The console (2) includes a control panel (21) and a display screen (22). A display screen (22) is provided on one side of the control panel (21). The display screen (22) displays the image of the rotating lens (94) in real time. Five groups of vibration dampers (3) are provided, and the five groups of vibration dampers (3) are evenly arranged along the horizontal direction of the base plate (1). Cutting slide rails (10) are provided on both sides of the base plate (1). The base plate (1) is connected to the displacement mechanism (7) through the cutting slide rails (10).

3. The liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-directional positioning track (4) includes a transverse slide rail (41), a longitudinal slide rail (42) and a slider (43). The transverse slide rail (41) is provided with two groups, and the two groups of transverse slide rails (41) are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction of the base plate (1). The outer wall of the transverse slide rail (41) is connected to the longitudinal slide rail (42) through the slider (43), and the longitudinal slide rail (42) is connected to the workbench (5) through the slider (43).

4. The liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (6) comprises a polymer layer (61) and an energy activation component (62); the polymer layer (61) is made of an intelligent shape memory polymer; and energy activation components (62) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the polymer layer (61).

5. The liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement mechanism (7) comprises a displacement bracket (71), a moving belt (72), a connecting plate (73) and a small slide rail (74); the top of the displacement bracket (71) is provided with a moving belt (72); one side of the moving belt (72) is provided with a connecting plate (73); and the outer wall of the connecting plate (73) is provided with a small slide rail (74).

6. The liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air curtain assembly (8) includes a moving rod (81), a moving frame (82), a linkage block (83), an air outlet (84), an air suction port (85), an air duct (86), a small fan (87), an air pump (88) and a nitrogen tank (89). The moving rod (81) is connected to the displacement mechanism (7). A moving frame (82) is provided on the outer wall of the moving rod (81). A linkage block (83) is provided on one side of the moving frame (82). The moving frame (82) is connected to the connecting plate (73) through the linkage block (83). Then, an air outlet (84) is provided on the other side of the movable frame (82), an air suction port (85) is provided on one side of the air outlet (84), an air duct (86) is provided inside the air outlet (84) and the air suction port (85), a small fan (87) is provided on one side of the air duct (86), an air pump (88) is connected to one side of the air duct (86), a nitrogen tank (89) is provided on one side of the air pump (88), and the air pump (88) allows the nitrogen in the nitrogen tank (89) to pass through the air duct (86) to form a nitrogen air curtain.

7. The liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating lens (94) comprises a rotating ring (11), a lens frame (12), an ordinary lens (13) and a high-power lens (14); a driving motor (15) is provided on one side of the rotating ring (11); the driving motor (15) is connected to the supporting frame (91); a lens frame (12) is provided on the other side of the rotating ring (11); one side of the lens frame (12) is connected to the telescopic rod (93); an ordinary lens (13) is provided at the bottom of the lens frame (12); a high-power lens (14) is provided on one side of the ordinary lens (13); and the lens frame (12) can be rotated along the rotating ring (11) by the driving motor (15).

8. A welding method for a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device, applicable to a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Panel loading and fixing: placing the liquid crystal panel to be processed on the fixing mechanism (6) and fixing it via the polymer layer (61); S2, global detection and positioning: the liquid crystal panel is moved to the bottom of the rotating lens (94) through the multi-directional positioning track (4) and the displacement mechanism (7), and high-precision imaging is performed through the high-magnification lens (14) according to the process recipe; S3, laser focusing welding: the cutting head (95) is precisely focused according to a preset focal position, and the laser (92) emits light according to set parameters to perform welding, while the air curtain component (8) generates a nitrogen air curtain at the welding position of the liquid crystal panel; S4. Immediate quality detection: After the welding is completed, the laser of the cutting head (95) is turned off, and the welding site is immediately imaged through the high-power lens (14). After a preliminary quality assessment is performed through the console (2), the next target point is welded.

9. The welding method of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the polymer layer (61) fixes the liquid crystal panel through intelligent closed-loop control, and the intelligent closed-loop control formula is as follows: Where u represents the control output vector; T k represents the temperature state at step K; δ k represents the contact stress at step k; σ k represents the deformation of the Kth step; T ref represents the target temperature field; Q represents the error weighting matrix; ρ represents the control mutation suppression coefficient. The multimodal sensor data is fused into a state vector through the intelligent closed-loop control formula, and the control command is generated through the constrained rolling horizon optimization.

10. The welding method of a liquid crystal display panel laser welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the collaborative control formula of the laser (92) and the high-power lens (14) is: Where P represents the laser power; f represents the laser frequency; v represents the scanning speed; τ represents the parameter mapping function; M represents the optical magnification; β obs Indicates the observation position deviation; d min represents the minimum distinguishable feature; ω represents the material absorption factor; k s represents the structural reinforcement coefficient; k d Indicates the default adjustment coefficient; The image Laplace operator is represented, and the laser (92) and the high-power lens (14) are operated according to set parameters through the collaborative control formula.

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