Emergency rescue channel repair material and preparation method thereof
By compounding polyurethane materials in a specific ratio with aggregate materials such as sand, stone, and soil, the problem of reduced mechanical properties of polyurethane materials in emergency rescue channels was solved, and rapid curing and high-strength repair effects were achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510599101.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
The application of polyurethane materials in emergency rescue channels is limited because they react with water to produce CO2, which reduces mechanical properties.
The polyurethane material is composed of a mixture of oil polyols, hydrophobic isocyanates, catalysts, plasticizers, and chain extenders in a specific weight ratio, and is compounded with aggregate materials such as sand, stone, and soil to form emergency rescue channel repair materials to improve hydrophobicity and curing speed.
The obtained polyurethane material has good hydrophobicity, short curing time, high compressive strength and high bonding strength, and can quickly form a solid repair layer, thereby improving the impact resistance and service life of the emergency repair material.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building materials, and in particular to an emergency rescue channel repair material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, natural disasters have become increasingly frequent worldwide, driven by the combined impacts of human production and environmental changes. These disasters can damage infrastructure, leading to road collapses and bridge failures. These disasters also obstruct emergency response routes, hindering the timely access of firefighters and emergency vehicles to disaster areas, and resulting in varying degrees of casualties and property losses.
[0003] Polyurethane (PU) has great potential for application in emergency rescue channel construction due to its fast reaction speed and excellent mechanical properties. However, the reaction of PU with water produces CO2, which reduces its mechanical properties and limits its application in emergency rescue. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an emergency rescue channel repair material and a preparation method thereof.
[0005] The present application provides an emergency rescue channel repair material, specifically comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of hydrophobic polyurethane material, 1-20 parts of aggregate; The hydrophobic polyurethane material is composed of a mixture of oil polyol, hydrophobic isocyanate, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender in a weight ratio of 100:50-150:0.1-1.0:5-50:5-15; The chain extender is selected from one or more of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester, ethanolamine, and diethanolamine; The aggregate is selected from one or more of sand, stone and soil.
[0006] Preferably, the oil polyol is selected from any one or more of plant polyols, animal polyols, and microbial oil polyols; The plant polyol is selected from any one or more of soybean oil polyol, rapeseed oil polyol, sunflower oil polyol, linseed oil polyol, castor oil polyol, and cashew nut shell liquid; the animal polyol is selected from any one or more of lard polyol and tallow polyol.
[0007] Preferably, the oil polyol is composed of a mixture of soybean oil polyol and tallow polyol in a weight ratio of 1:0.1-1.
[0008] Preferably, the hydrophobic isocyanate is selected from one or more of MDI, PADI, TDI, H12MDI, HDI, HDI trimer, and IPDI trimer.
[0009] Preferably, the hydrophobic isocyanate is composed of a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 3:0.5-1.5.
[0010] Preferably, the plasticizer is a polyol plasticizer; the polyol plasticizer is selected from one or more of 1,4-butanediol and pentaerythritol.
[0011] Preferably, the catalyst is an organic tin catalyst; the catalyst is selected from one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate and dimethyltin diceneodecanoate.
[0012] Preferably, in the aggregate, the moisture content of the sand is ≤10%, the moisture content of the stone is ≤10%, and the moisture content of the soil is ≤20%.
[0013] This application utilizes a mixture of oil polyols, hydrophobic isocyanates, catalysts, plasticizers, and chain extenders in a specific weight ratio to form polyurethane, which is then compounded with aggregate materials such as sand, stone, soil, and cement to form an emergency rescue channel repair material. The obtained polyurethane material body has good hydrophobicity, and the polyurethane material body has the characteristics of short curing time and high compressive strength; and the prepared specimen emergency rescue channel repair material has a short curing time, high compressive strength, and high bonding strength.
[0014] In the technical solution provided by this application, polyurethane exhibits high elasticity, wear resistance, and water resistance, enhancing the impact resistance and service life of emergency repair materials. Sand and gravel, as fillers, can increase the volume stability of emergency repair materials and reduce costs. The emergency repair material is applied or laid on the surface of damaged infrastructure, using different repair methods and thicknesses depending on the extent of the damage. Leveraging the material's adhesive properties and rapid curing, a solid repair layer is quickly formed.
[0015] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned emergency rescue channel repair material, which specifically comprises the following steps: Weighing the corresponding weights of oil polyol, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender respectively, stirring and mixing at room temperature to obtain a primary mixed material, and then adding the corresponding weight of hydrophobic isocyanate and stirring and mixing to obtain the hydrophobic polyurethane material; Add corresponding weights of other raw materials into the hydrophobic polyurethane material, stir evenly, and solidify to obtain the emergency rescue channel repair material.
[0016] In summary, the technical solution of this application has the following effects: This application utilizes a mixture of oil polyols, hydrophobic isocyanates, catalysts, plasticizers, and chain extenders in a specific weight ratio to form polyurethane, which is then compounded with aggregate materials such as sand, stone, soil, and cement to form an emergency rescue channel repair material. The obtained polyurethane material body has good hydrophobicity, and the polyurethane material body has the characteristics of short curing time and high compressive strength; and the prepared specimen emergency rescue channel repair material has a short curing time, high compressive strength, and high bonding strength. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, comparative examples and performance testing experiments. These examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in this application.
[0018] Castor oil polyol, product name XP D1000, functionality 2, hydroxyl value 122 mgKOH / g, was purchased from Vantellus; polyisocyanates: diphenylmethane diisocyanate, product name MDI-50, Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.; polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate), product name PM200, Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.; liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate (modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate), product name MDI100L, Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.; cashew nut-modified phenolic resin (Product No. 017) and boron phenolic resin (Product No. 016) were purchased from Jinan Dahui Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer rubber powder (DY5030 rubber powder) and versatate-vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer rubber powder (DY5040 rubber powder) were purchased from Guangzhou Yuanye Industrial Co., Ltd.; the remaining raw materials were all commercially available. Example Examples 1-5
[0019] Examples 1-5 respectively provide a material for repairing an emergency rescue channel.
[0020] The difference between the above embodiments is that the usage ratios of the components in the hydrophobic polyurethane material are different, as shown in Table 1.
[0021] The preparation method of the emergency rescue channel repair material in the above embodiment is: According to Table 1, the corresponding weights of castor oil polyol, catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, plasticizer pentaerythritol, and chain extender (composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and diethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:0.5) were weighed to form component A; Isocyanate (composed of a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 3:1) is component B; The aggregate is the C component; When used, component A is stirred and mixed with the corresponding weight of component B to obtain a hydrophobic polyurethane material; Add 5 kg of sand and gravel aggregate (particle size ≤ 8 mm, moisture content 5.5%) to 1 kg of hydrophobic polyurethane material, stir evenly at room temperature, then pour and spread, and solidify to obtain emergency rescue channel repair materials.
[0022] Table 1 The dosage ratio of each component in the hydrophobic polyurethane material in Examples 1-5 Examples 6-9
[0023] Examples 6-9 respectively provide a kind of emergency rescue channel repair material.
[0024] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the type of hydrophobic isocyanate is different, as shown below.
[0025] In Example 6, the hydrophobic isocyanate is composed of a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 3:1.
[0026] In Example 7, the hydrophobic isocyanate is composed of a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 1:3.
[0027] In Example 8, the hydrophobic isocyanate is composed of a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 3:0.5.
[0028] In Example 9, the hydrophobic isocyanate is composed of a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 3:1.5.
[0029] The other process parameters in the above embodiment are the same as those in Example 1. Examples 10-13
[0030] Examples 10-13 respectively provide a material for repairing an emergency rescue channel.
[0031] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the types of chain extenders are different, as shown below.
[0032] In Example 10, the chain extender is composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and ethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:0.5.
[0033] In Example 11, the chain extender is composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and diethanolamine in a weight ratio of 0.5:1.
[0034] In Example 12, the chain extender is composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and diethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:0.1.
[0035] In Example 13, the chain extender is composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and diethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:1.
[0036] The other process parameters in the above embodiment are the same as those in Example 1. Comparative Example Comparative Example 1-2
[0037] Comparative Examples 1-2 respectively provide a kind of emergency rescue channel repair material.
[0038] The difference between the comparative example and Example 1 is that the usage ratios of the components in the hydrophobic polyurethane material are different, as shown below.
[0039] In Comparative Example 1, the weight ratio of polyol, isocyanate, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender is 100:30:0.5:60:3.
[0040] In Comparative Example 2, the weight ratio of polyol, isocyanate, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender is 100:170:0.5:2:18.
[0041] The other process parameters in the above comparative example are the same as those in Example 1. Performance testing
[0042] Side reaction in water: Pour the material into water after stirring, and observe whether foaming occurs after solidification.
[0043] Curing time: Refer to the provisions of GB / T 7193 to test the curing time of the test body (hydrophobic polyurethane material); the curing time of the test piece (emergency rescue channel repair material, that is, polyurethane mixed with sand and gravel).
[0044] Compression strength: Refer to the provisions of JC / T 1041 to test the compression strength of the main body (hydrophobic polyurethane material); the compression strength of the test piece (emergency rescue channel repair material, that is, polyurethane mixed with sand and gravel).
[0045] Bond strength: Test in accordance with the provisions of JC / T 1041; after the emergency rescue channel repair material specimens (thickness 0.3mm) are cured in the concrete of the emergency rescue channel, the dry bond strength and wet bond strength are tested using the direct tensile bond strength test method with concrete; dry bonding refers to the concrete being a dry base surface; wet bonding strength refers to the wet base surface being pre-water-retaining treated with wet concrete, and the bond strength test is conducted after the surface water is wiped off.
[0046] Test results: as shown in Table 2.
[0047] Table 2 Performance test results of the hydrophobic polyurethane material body and the test specimen emergency rescue channel repair material in the examples and comparative examples
[0048] Combined with Table 2, by comparing the performance test results of the hydrophobic polyurethane material body and the specimen emergency rescue channel repair material in the embodiment and the comparative example, it can be seen that the present application uses a specific weight ratio of oil polyol, hydrophobic isocyanate, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender to mix to form polyurethane, and forms an emergency rescue channel repair material by compounding with aggregate materials such as sand, stone, soil, and cement. The obtained polyurethane material body has good hydrophobicity, and the polyurethane material body has the characteristics of short curing time and high compressive strength; and the prepared specimen emergency rescue channel repair material has a short curing time, high compressive strength, and high bonding strength.
[0049] By comparing the performance test results of the hydrophobic polyurethane material body and the test emergency rescue channel repair material in Examples 1, 6-9, the present application uses a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate in a weight ratio of 3:0.5-1.5 to form a hydrophobic isocyanate, which can further improve the comprehensive performance of the material.
[0050] By comparing the performance test results of the hydrophobic polyurethane material body and the test emergency rescue channel repair material in Examples 1 and 10-13, the present application uses a chain extender composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and diethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:0.1-1 to further improve the comprehensive performance of the material.
[0051] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.
Claims
1. An emergency rescue channel repair material, characterized in that: Specifically comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of hydrophobic polyurethane material, 1-20 parts of aggregate; The hydrophobic polyurethane material is composed of a mixture of oil polyol, hydrophobic isocyanate, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender in a weight ratio of 100:50-150:0.1-1.0:5-50:5-15; The chain extender is selected from one or more of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester, ethanolamine, and diethanolamine; The aggregate is selected from one or more of sand, stone and soil.
2. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil polyol is selected from any one or more of plant polyols, animal polyols, and microbial oil polyols; The plant polyol is selected from any one or more of soybean oil polyol, rapeseed oil polyol, sunflower oil polyol, linseed oil polyol, castor oil polyol, and cashew nut shell liquid; the animal polyol is selected from any one or more of lard polyol and tallow polyol.
3. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophobic isocyanate is selected from one or more of MDI, PADI, TDI, H12MDI, HDI, HDI trimer, and IPDI trimer.
4. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydrophobic isocyanate is composed of a weight ratio of 3: The invention is a mixture of 0.5-1.5 polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
5. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain extender is composed of a mixture of 3,5-diamino-p-chlorobenzoic acid isobutyl ester and diethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:0.1-1.
6. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is a polyol plasticizer; the polyol plasticizer is selected from one or more of 1,4-butanediol and pentaerythritol.
7. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst is an organic tin catalyst; the catalyst is selected from one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate and dimethyltin diceneodecanoate.
8. The emergency rescue channel repair material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the aggregate, the moisture content of the sand is ≤10%, the moisture content of the stone is ≤10%, and the moisture content of the soil is ≤20%.
9. The method for preparing the emergency rescue channel repair material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Weigh the corresponding weights of oil polyol, catalyst, plasticizer, and chain extender respectively, and stir and mix them at room temperature to obtain component A; isocyanate is component B; and aggregate is component C; When in use, component A is stirred and mixed with the corresponding weight of component B to obtain a hydrophobic polyurethane material; then the corresponding weight of component C is added, stirred evenly at room temperature, and then poured and spread, and solidified to obtain emergency rescue channel repair materials.