Maize kernel length whole genome prediction marker group and application thereof
By constructing a genome-wide prediction marker group for corn grain length, the problem of low efficiency in grain length prediction in breeding has been solved, efficient and accurate screening and early evaluation of breeding materials have been achieved, and the breeding process has been significantly accelerated.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510842748.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to efficiently and accurately predict kernel length in corn breeding, resulting in low breeding efficiency and high costs.
A genome-wide prediction marker group for maize kernel length consisting of 306 molecular markers was constructed. Based on genome-wide association analysis, it was used for early screening and evaluation of breeding materials, and a prediction model was constructed to improve prediction accuracy.
It achieves efficient and accurate prediction of corn kernel length, significantly improves breeding efficiency, reduces breeding costs, shortens generation intervals, and advances the breeding process.
Smart Images
Figure CN120683296A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a whole genome molecular marker group for predicting corn kernel length and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of molecular genetics and crop genetic improvement. Background Art
[0002] Maize (Zea mays L.) is a globally cultivated crop used as food, feed, and industrial raw material, possessing significant economic value and ecological significance. In the genetic improvement and high-yield breeding of maize, kernel traits, particularly kernel length, as a key factor influencing yield, have long been a focus of maize breeders.
[0003] By screening molecular markers significantly associated with kernel length and constructing efficient predictive marker groups and corresponding prediction models, accurate screening and evaluation of materials can be performed in the early stages of breeding, effectively shortening generation intervals and accelerating genetic progress, thereby significantly improving breeding efficiency and selection accuracy. This method provides important technical support for the rapid selection of high-yielding maize varieties and has significant application prospects. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address these issues, the present invention provides a genome-wide prediction marker cluster associated with maize kernel length and its application. This marker cluster can be used to efficiently and accurately predict maize kernel length, helping to identify key yield-related genes and thus providing a theoretical basis and technical support for increasing maize yield.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:
[0006] The whole-genome prediction marker group for corn kernel length provided by the present invention consists of 306 molecular markers, and the nucleotide sequence of each marker is shown in ID NO: 1 to ID NO: 306 in Sequence Table 1.
[0007] The prediction marker group described in the present invention can be widely used in the prediction of corn kernel length phenotype, and its prediction accuracy can reach about 80%, which fully meets the requirements of efficient and precise breeding in corn breeding practice and has good practical application value.
[0008] Furthermore, the whole-genome prediction system constructed based on this marker group is not only suitable for the prediction and selection of grain length in DH populations, but also for the screening of early-generation breeding materials. It can also be used to predict the grain length performance of hybrids, effectively reducing the workload of field identification, reducing breeding costs, shortening the generation interval, and thus significantly accelerating the breeding process of new high-yield corn varieties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Figure 1Genome-wide association analysis of kernel length in maize.
[0010] Figure 2 Comparison of the prediction accuracy of randomly selected markers with that of the marker group of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0011] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0012] Example 1: Genome-wide association analysis and prediction marker group screening for maize kernel length
[0013] This example uses an association population consisting of 600 maize inbred lines, containing 6.25 million SNP genotypes covering the entire genome. Based on this population, a genome-wide association analysis was performed on the average values of grain length in four environments to obtain molecular markers significantly associated with grain length ( Figure 1 The log(P) value is used to reflect the significance level of the marker. The larger the value, the more significant the association between the marker and the trait.
[0014] Based on the significant markers obtained from GWAS analysis, a genome-wide prediction marker group for maize kernel length containing 306 markers was constructed (Table 1).
[0015] Table 1 306 SNP markers for genome-wide prediction of maize kernel length
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[0024] Example 2: Evaluation of the Predictive Effect of the Marker Group on Corn Kernel Length
[0025] To evaluate the predictive efficacy of the prediction marker group for maize kernel length, 60% of the samples were randomly selected as the training group and the remaining 40% were used as the validation group. The predictions were compared based on the prediction marker group composed of 306 molecular markers provided by the present invention and the 306 randomly selected molecular markers. The process was randomly repeated 100 times and the coefficient of determination (R) between the true phenotypic value and the predicted value was used to calculate the value of the prediction marker group. 2 ) is used as an evaluation indicator of prediction accuracy.
[0026] The results showed that the average prediction accuracy of the marker group of the present invention for maize kernel length reached 0.83, which was significantly higher than the prediction accuracy of random marker combination (0.37). Figure 2 ), showing the superior performance and practical application value of this marker group in predicting maize kernel length.
[0027] Example 3: Predictive effect of the marker group in breeding DH lines
[0028] To further verify the predictive ability of the predictive marker group of the present invention for grain length in different corn populations, 1000 DH (doubled haploid) lines obtained during the breeding process were selected as an independent verification population, and an associated population containing 600 inbred lines was used as a training population to perform predictive analysis on the grain length of the 1000 DH materials.
[0029] The results showed that the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) reached 0.78, indicating that the prediction marker group still has good prediction performance and high accuracy in the new breeding population, further verifying its wide applicability and practicality.
[0030] This marker group can be used to make early predictions and selections after obtaining DNA, effectively eliminating materials with poor grain length performance, thereby reducing field identification workload, lowering breeding costs, shortening generation intervals, accelerating genetic progress, and significantly improving the efficiency of efficient corn breeding.
[0031] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various variations or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.
Claims
1. Application of a genome-wide prediction marker group for maize kernel length, characterized in that: The application includes predicting the phenotype of corn kernel length using a prediction marker group consisting of 306 molecular markers; wherein the specific position information of the molecular markers is shown in the following table: