Rotary sample table and control method

Abstract

According to the rotary sample table and the control method, the center rocker mechanism and the driving module are arranged in the atmospheric environment outside the vacuum scattering cavity and in a high-flux neutron radiation area away from the center of the sample, electronic components and precision mechanical parts are prevented from being damaged by neutron / gamma irradiation, the long-term reliability of equipment is remarkably improved, and the service life of the equipment is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of neutron scattering technology, and in particular to a rotating sample stage and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Neutron scattering spectrometers are often configured during neutron scattering experiments with various sample environments (such as high and low temperatures, high pressures, strong magnetic fields, electric fields, stretching, and coupling environments) to measure the microstructure or dynamic properties of samples in situ under these diverse conditions. To reduce parasitic neutrons introduced by scattering from sample environment equipment or surrounding components, neutron optical collimators are often used to eliminate experimental background, improve signal-to-noise ratio, enhance data quality, and enhance experimental efficiency.

[0003] A neutron optical collimator consists of a number of vertical, high-precision neutron-absorbing septa arranged at a specific angle (0.1°-5°). This creates a uniformly distributed horizontally diverging neutron optical path from the sample's measured width to the detector plane. However, when the neutron optical collimator is stationary, the neutron-absorbing septa, due to their thickness (tens to hundreds of microns), can cast a shadow fixed in place on the detector, reducing the quality of the neutron scattering experimental data. This shadowing effect requires horizontal rotation along the vertical axis centered on the sample to eliminate it. Because the detector range is limited to a specific neutron optical path geometry, rotation must be controlled within a certain range, with uniform reciprocating motion. The oscillation frequency is typically 1E-4Hz-0.1Hz, and the oscillation interval typically spans two to three septa (corresponding to a septa angle range of 1°-3°). To meet these requirements, a rotating sample stage is required to support and position the neutron optical collimator (several hundred kilograms). During experiments, the collimator must continuously oscillate at a constant speed within a specific angular range and enable remote rapid installation and maintenance. At the same time, it can also be used to carry other large-load (several thousand kilograms) sample environment equipment (such as electric field equipment, stretching equipment, etc.), which requires high long-term stability of its support and various moving parts.

[0004] However, the applicability and reliability of drive motors and electronic components in the existing technology are reduced in neutron / gamma irradiation environments, and long-term use will lead to reduced measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a rotating sample stage and a control method to solve the problem in the prior art that the applicability and reliability of driving motors and electronic components in neutron / gamma irradiation environments are reduced, and long-term use will lead to reduced measurement accuracy.

[0006] A rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a base adjustment mechanism, a load-bearing platform, a sealing mechanism, a central rocker mechanism, a rotating turntable, a driving module, and a positioning adjustment mechanism; A base adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the load-bearing platform, and a positioning adjustment mechanism is provided at the top of the load-bearing platform. The positioning adjustment mechanism is sleeved on the central rocker mechanism, and the sealing mechanism is sleeved on the positioning adjustment mechanism and the central rocker mechanism. The central rocker mechanism passes through the positioning adjustment mechanism and the sealing mechanism. The top of the central rocker mechanism is connected to the rotating turntable, and the bottom of the central rocker mechanism is connected to the drive module. The base adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the horizontality of the rotating turntable; The positioning adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the coaxiality between the center rocker mechanism and the center axis; The driving module is used to drive the central rocker mechanism to rotate around the central axis; The sealing mechanism is used to be connected with the supporting flange, and a scattering chamber is arranged on the supporting flange.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the central rocker mechanism and drive module are placed in the atmospheric environment outside the vacuum scattering cavity, away from the high-flux neutron radiation area at the center of the sample, to prevent electronic components and precision mechanical parts from being damaged by neutron / gamma irradiation, and significantly improve the long-term reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the load-bearing platform includes: an inclined iron base, a load-bearing platform bottom plate, columns, and a load-bearing platform top plate; The inclined iron base is arranged below the bottom plate of the load-bearing platform, the bottom end of the column is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the load-bearing platform, and the top end of the column is fixedly connected to the top plate of the load-bearing platform.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the uprights vertically connect the bottom plate and the top plate to form a rigid box frame. The inclined iron base directly cooperates with the inclined iron slider of the base adjustment mechanism to achieve micron-level leveling.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the base adjustment mechanism includes: a fixing bolt, an adjustment threaded seat, an adjustment knob, a washer, an adjustment bolt, and an inclined iron slider; The fixing bolt fixes the adjusting threaded seat to the bottom plate of the load-bearing platform; when the adjusting knob is rotated, the adjusting bolt moves inward or outward; when the adjusting bolt moves inward, the adjusting bolt presses against the inclined iron slider, so that the inclined iron slider contacts the inclined iron base, lifting the bottom plate of the load-bearing platform; a washer is provided on the inside of the adjusting bolt.

[0011] In this technical solution, rotating the adjustment knob actuates the adjustment bolt, pushing the inclined iron slider along the inclined surface of the inclined iron base. This mechanically amplifies the inclined iron slope, generating a micron-level lift of 0.01–0.02 mm per rotation of the bolt. Washers eliminate gap vibration between the adjustment bolt and the inclined iron slider. The fixing bolts rigidly anchor the threaded adjustment seat to the load-bearing platform base, counteracting low-frequency oscillations during neutron scattering experiments and preventing horizontal deflection caused by vibration under heavy loads.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the central rocker mechanism includes: an encoder, an encoder bracket, a connecting pin, a rocker fixing bracket, a rocker, a central shaft and a bearing assembly; The top end of the central shaft is connected to the rotating turntable, and the bottom end of the central shaft is connected to the encoder bracket via a connecting pin, and the encoder is installed on the encoder bracket; a rocker fixing bracket is provided inside the central shaft, and the proximal end of the rocker extends into the central shaft and is installed on the rocker fixing bracket; a bearing assembly is sleeved on the bottom of the central shaft; The bearing assembly includes: bearing cover, bearing lower end cover, round nut, angular contact ball bearing, center bearing seat, hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange; A bearing lower end cover is arranged above the bearing cover, a round nut is arranged above the bearing lower end cover, an angular contact ball bearing is arranged above the round nut, a center bearing seat is arranged above the angular contact ball bearing, and a hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange is arranged above the center bearing seat.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the encoder is directly connected to the bottom end of the central shaft via a rigid connecting pin, measuring the actual rotation angle of the central shaft in real time. The encoder is located in the atmospheric environment outside the vacuum chamber, away from the neutron irradiation zone at the center of the sample, to prevent neutron damage to the precision optical encoder disk. The hollow shaft magnetorheological seal flange forms a liquid magnetic barrier around the rotating central shaft to achieve dynamic sealing. Angular contact ball bearings and pre-tightened circular nuts can eliminate bearing clearance and resist axial loads. The bearing assembly pre-tightens the angular contact ball bearings via circular nuts, and the lower end cover and bearing cover of the bearing constrain axial displacement, thereby suppressing low-frequency micro-vibrations in neutron experiments and avoiding detector shadow jitter.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the driving module includes: a linear motor, a motor mounting bracket, a grating ruler, and a connecting structure; The linear motor is mounted on a motor mounting frame, the top of the linear motor is a linear guide rail, and a grating scale is arranged inside the linear guide rail; the connecting structure slides inside the linear guide rail; The connection structure includes a slider fixing seat, an inner cylindrical slider and a hard steel ball; the slider fixing seat slides along the direction of the linear guide rail, an inner cylindrical slider is provided in the slider fixing seat, the hard steel ball rolls in the inner cylindrical slider, and the hard steel ball is connected to the far end of the rocker.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the linear motor directly drives the rocker to swing horizontally, thereby driving the rotational reciprocating motion of the central axis and the rotary turntable, providing a stable driving force while reducing vibration and impact. Grating scale: real-time monitoring of the displacement accuracy of the linear motor. The hard steel ball rolls in the inner cylindrical slider, converting the linear motion of the linear motor into pure swing of the rocker. The rolling friction coefficient is small, the transmission efficiency is improved, the hysteresis effect of the traditional hinge is eliminated, and the uniform swing smoothness is guaranteed. The linear motor, grating scale, etc. are all located in the atmospheric environment outside the vacuum chamber, away from the neutron irradiation zone, to prevent neutron damage to the precision motor coil / grating scale.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the rotary turntable includes: a lower turntable, an upper turntable, a two-section conical guide pin and a hexagon socket screw; The top surface of the lower turntable is provided with a two-stage conical guide pin, and the upper turntable is arranged above the lower turntable; the upper turntable is provided with a through hole for installing the hexagon socket screw. When the upper turntable is installed on the lower turntable, the hexagon socket screw passes through the through hole and extends into the two-stage conical guide pin.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the rotating turntable includes an upper turntable and a lower turntable. The lower turntable is fixedly connected to the central axis. The upper turntable is fixed to the lower turntable by hexagon socket screws. The positioning consistency after repeated disassembly and assembly is very high.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, the positioning adjustment mechanism includes: a spherical positioning ring, a fixing plate, a spherical positioning seat, a center limiting ring, a sealing seat and a center ring; The fixed plate is arranged on the top plate of the load-bearing platform, a spherical positioning seat is arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate, a spherical positioning ring is arranged on the inner side of the spherical positioning seat, and a center limiting ring is arranged above the spherical positioning seat; the center limiting ring is sleeved on the center axis; a sealing seat is arranged above the spherical positioning ring, a center ring is arranged on the inner side of the top of the sealing seat, and the center ring is connected to the sealing mechanism.

[0019] In this technical solution, the spherical locating ring and the spherical locating seat form a hemispherical contact surface, allowing the center shaft to automatically slide and adjust in the event of slight radial or angular deviations. This compensates for cumulative installation errors (such as foundation settlement and thermal deformation), achieving the required coaxiality between the center shaft and the alignment datum. Furthermore, it eliminates the overconstraint stress associated with traditional rigid positioning and prevents the center shaft from seizing under loads of 1,000 kg. A center limit ring, mounted on the center shaft, limits the maximum deflection of the spherical locating ring and suppresses micro-resonances caused by low-frequency oscillations.

[0020] In some optional embodiments, the sealing mechanism includes: a sealing ring, a large bearing seat, a vacuum bellows, a deep groove ball bearing and a ceramic bearing cover; the sealing mechanism is fixedly connected to the positioning adjustment mechanism through a flange and a flange clamp; the deep groove ball bearing is sleeved on the top of the center shaft, and the ceramic bearing cover is arranged above the deep groove ball bearing; the vacuum bellows is sleeved on the center limit ring; a large bearing seat 302 is arranged below the vacuum bellows, a sealing ring is arranged on the outside of the large bearing seat, and the sealing ring is arranged on the inside of the sealing seat.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the vacuum bellows achieves dynamic sealing through deformation compensation. The bellows has a multi-layer metal film corrugated structure, which produces axial / radial / angular deformation when the central axis swings, thereby compensating for the displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction and mechanical vibration. The leakage rate is stable at <5×10⁻ 9mbar·L / s, and avoids fatigue cracking caused by rigid constraints in traditional metal seals, thereby extending their service life. Ceramic bearing glands: Made of zirconia ceramic (magnetic permeability ≈ 1), they completely isolate magnetic fields. Deep groove ball bearings and ceramic glands: The deep groove ball bearings bear radial loads, while the ceramic glands distribute axial pressure to support axial runout under loads of 1,000 kg and suppress micro-leakage in the seal caused by low-frequency oscillations.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, the base adjustment mechanism, load-bearing platform, sealing mechanism, central rocker mechanism, rotating turntable, driving module and positioning adjustment mechanism are all made of non-magnetic materials or low-magnetic materials.

[0023] Among them, non-magnetic materials or low-magnetic materials include aluminum alloys, non-magnetic stainless steel, non-magnetic Inconel series nickel-based high-temperature alloys, ceramics, etc. Ceramic bearings: resistant to neutron irradiation embrittlement, with a longer lifespan than stainless steel; Inconel high-temperature alloys: resistant to gamma-ray irradiation hardening, maintaining mechanical strength stability, avoiding microcracks and expansion deformation caused by irradiation in traditional materials, and ensuring sealing performance. In this embodiment, all components of the rotating sample stage are made of non-magnetic / low-magnetic materials (aluminum alloys, non-magnetic stainless steel, Inconel nickel-based high-temperature alloys, ceramics, etc.). Some components have low magnetic permeability, blocking magnetic contamination at the source, avoiding neutron path distortion caused by material magnetization in strong magnetic fields, and ensuring an improved signal-to-noise ratio of the scattered signal.

[0024] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling a rotating sample stage, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned rotating sample stages, and the method includes: The collimator to be measured is mounted on the rotating turntable of the rotating sample stage; The scattering chamber is mounted on the rotating sample stage via a support flange; Adjust the horizontality of the base by rotating the base adjustment mechanism of the sample stage; Positioning coaxiality adjustment is carried out through the positioning adjustment mechanism; The control drive module is started to drive the central rocker of the rotating sample stage to rotate, so that the rotating turntable rotates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2A structural diagram of the load-bearing platform improved in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A structural diagram of the base adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A structural diagram of the central rocker mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A structural diagram of the drive module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A structural diagram of a rotating turntable provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A diagram of the positioning adjustment structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A structural diagram of the sealing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application when in operation; Figure 10 A flow chart of the steps of a control method for a rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 A remote control operation method for a rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Icons: 1-foundation, 2-support flange, 3-scattering chamber, 4-neutron scattering spectrometer; 5-rotating sample stage; 100-base adjustment mechanism; 200-load-bearing platform; 300-sealing mechanism; 400-rotating turntable; 500-center rocker mechanism; 600-positioning adjustment mechanism; 700-drive module; 101-fixing bolt; 102-adjusting threaded seat; 103-adjusting knob; 104-washer; 105-adjusting bolt; 106-oblique iron slider; 201-oblique iron base; 202-load-bearing platform bottom plate; 203-column; 204-load-bearing platform top plate; 205-oblique iron base fixing pin; 301-sealing ring; 302-large bearing seat; 303-flange clamp; 304-vacuum bellows; 305-deep groove ball bearing; 306-ceramic bearing cover; 401-lower turntable ;402-upper turntable;403-two-stage tapered guide pin;404-hexagon socket screw;501-encoder;502-encoder bracket;503-connecting pin;504-bearing cover;505-bearing lower end cover;506-round nut;507-angular contact ball bearing;508-rocker fixing bracket;509-rocker;510-center bearing seat;511-hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange;512-center shaft;601-spherical locating ring;602-fixing plate;603-spherical locating seat;604-center limit ring;605-sealing seat;606-center ring;701-linear motor;702-motor mounting bracket;703-grating scale;704-connecting structure;705-slider fixing seat;706-inner cylindrical slider;707-hard steel ball;708-linear guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A structural diagram of a rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a base adjustment mechanism 100, a load-bearing platform 200, a sealing mechanism 300, a central rocker mechanism 500, a rotating turntable 400, a driving module 700, and a positioning adjustment mechanism 600; A base adjustment mechanism 100 is provided at the bottom of the load-bearing platform 200, and a positioning adjustment mechanism 600 is provided at the top of the load-bearing platform 200. The positioning adjustment mechanism 600 is sleeved on the central rocker mechanism 500, and the sealing mechanism 300 is sleeved on the positioning adjustment mechanism 600 and the central rocker mechanism 500. The central rocker mechanism 500 passes through the positioning adjustment mechanism 600 and the sealing mechanism 300. The top of the central rocker mechanism 500 is connected to the rotating turntable 400, and the bottom of the central rocker mechanism 500 is connected to the driving module 700. The base adjustment mechanism 100 is used to adjust the horizontality of the rotating turntable 400; the positioning adjustment mechanism 600 is used to adjust the coaxiality of the central rocker mechanism 500 and the central axis; the driving module 700 is used to drive the central rocker mechanism 500 to rotate around the central axis; the sealing mechanism 300 is used to connect with the support flange 2, and a scattering chamber 3 is set on the support flange 2.

[0030] The base adjustment mechanism can utilize a hydraulic servo leveling system or a piezoelectric ceramic micro-motion platform. A hydraulic servo leveling system uses a hydraulic cylinder (made of non-magnetic titanium alloy) with a servo valve controlling oil pressure, and a displacement sensor (ceramic capacitive) monitoring platform height in real time. A piezoelectric ceramic micro-motion platform uses a piezoelectric ceramic actuator (PZT) embedded in the baseplate of the load-bearing platform. Voltage controls deformation, while a laser interferometer provides closed-loop position feedback.

[0031] The drive module can adopt a magnetic levitation planar motor direct drive or a hydraulic swing cylinder drive. With a magnetic levitation planar motor direct drive, the stator coil (oxygen-free copper winding) is embedded in the load-bearing platform, and the mover permanent magnet (samarium-cobalt alloy) is connected to the rocker. Dual feedback is provided by a grating scale and Hall effect sensor. With a hydraulic swing cylinder drive, a non-magnetic stainless steel hydraulic cylinder drives the crank, a servo proportional valve controls the flow, and a magnetostrictive displacement sensor provides feedback.

[0032] The positioning adjustment mechanism can utilize a laser tracking real-time calibration system and a shape memory alloy adaptive ring. The laser tracking real-time calibration system: A cat's eye reflector is installed on top of the central axis, and laser trackers are arranged around it. This system generates a coaxial deviation cloud map in real time, driving a piezoelectric actuator to fine-tune the spherical positioning ring. The shape memory alloy adaptive ring: A Nitinol (NiTi) memory alloy ring replaces the spherical pair. Deformation is triggered by heating with an electric current, and the compensation amount is controlled through temperature sensor feedback.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present application, the central rocker mechanism 500 and the drive module 700 are placed in an atmospheric environment outside the vacuum scattering cavity, away from the high-flux neutron radiation area at the center of the sample, to prevent electronic components and precision mechanical parts from being damaged by neutron / gamma irradiation, thereby significantly improving the long-term reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The load-bearing platform structure diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application, the load-bearing platform 200 includes: an inclined iron base 201, a load-bearing platform bottom plate 202, columns 203 and a load-bearing platform top plate 204; The oblique iron base 201 is arranged below the load-bearing platform bottom plate 202, the bottom end of the column 203 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing platform bottom plate 202, and the top end of the column 203 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing platform top plate 204. An oblique iron base fixing pin 205 is provided on the oblique iron base 201.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the uprights 203 vertically connect the load-bearing platform bottom plate 202 and the load-bearing platform top plate 204 to form a rigid box frame. The inclined iron base 201 directly cooperates with the inclined iron slider 106 of the base adjustment mechanism 100 to achieve micron-level leveling.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the base adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application. The base adjustment mechanism 100 includes: a fixing bolt 101, an adjustment threaded seat 102, an adjustment knob 103, a washer 104, an adjustment bolt 105 and an inclined iron slider 106; The fixing bolt 101 fixes the adjusting threaded seat 102 to the load-bearing platform base plate 202; when the adjusting knob 103 is rotated, the adjusting bolt 105 moves inward or outward; when the adjusting bolt 105 moves inward, the adjusting bolt presses against the inclined iron slider 106, so that the inclined iron slider 106 contacts the inclined iron base 201, lifting the load-bearing platform base plate 202; a washer 104 is provided on the inside of the adjusting bolt.

[0037] In this embodiment, rotating the adjustment knob 103 drives the adjustment bolt 105, pushing the bevel iron slider 106 along the inclined surface of the bevel iron base 201. The slope of the bevel iron achieves a mechanical amplification effect, with each rotation of the bolt (for example, a 1mm pitch) producing a micron-level lift of 0.01–0.02mm. The washer 104 eliminates gap vibration between the adjustment bolt 105 and the bevel iron slider 106. The fixing bolt 101 rigidly anchors the adjustment threaded seat 102 to the load-bearing platform base 202, resisting low-frequency oscillation interference (0.0001–0.1Hz) during neutron scattering experiments and preventing horizontal deviation caused by vibration under heavy loads.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The central rocker mechanism 500 is a structural diagram of the central rocker mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application. The central rocker mechanism 500 includes: an encoder 501, an encoder bracket 502, a connecting pin 503, a rocker fixing bracket 508, a rocker 509, a central shaft 512, and a bearing assembly. The top end of the central shaft 512 is connected to the rotating turntable 400, and the bottom end of the central shaft is connected to the encoder bracket 502 via a connecting pin 503. The encoder 501 is mounted on the encoder bracket 502. A rocker bracket 508 is provided inside the central shaft. The proximal end of the rocker 509 extends into the central shaft and is mounted on the rocker bracket 508. A bearing assembly is sleeved on the bottom of the central shaft 512. The bearing assembly includes: a bearing cover 504, a bearing lower end cover 505, a round nut 506, an angular contact ball bearing 507, a center bearing seat 510, and a hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange 511; A bearing lower end cover 505 is arranged above the bearing cover 504, a round nut 506 is arranged above the bearing lower end cover 505, an angular contact ball bearing 507 is arranged above the round nut 506, a center bearing seat 510 is arranged above the angular contact ball bearing 507, and a hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange 511 is arranged above the center bearing seat.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the encoder 501 is directly connected to the bottom end of the central shaft 512 through a rigid connecting pin 503 to measure the actual rotation angle of the central shaft in real time. The encoder 501 is located in the atmospheric environment outside the vacuum chamber, away from the neutron irradiation zone at the center of the sample, to prevent neutron damage to the precision optical encoder disk. The hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange 511 forms a liquid magnetic barrier around the rotating central shaft 512 to achieve dynamic sealing. The angular contact ball bearing 507 and the pre-tightened circular nut 506 can eliminate bearing clearance and resist axial loads. The bearing assembly pre-tightens the angular contact ball bearing 507 through the circular nut 506, and the bearing lower end cover 505 and the bearing cover 504 constrain the axial displacement, thereby suppressing low-frequency micro-vibrations (<1Hz) in neutron experiments and avoiding detector shadow jitter.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The driving module structure diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application, the driving module 700 includes: a linear motor 701, a motor mounting bracket 702, a grating ruler 703, and a connecting structure 704; The linear motor 701 is mounted on a motor mounting frame 702. The top of the linear motor is a linear guide rail 708. A grating scale 703 is provided inside the linear guide rail 708. The connecting structure 704 slides inside the linear guide rail. The connecting structure 704 includes a slider fixing seat 705, an inner cylindrical slider 706 and a hard steel ball 707; the slider fixing seat 705 slides along the direction of the linear guide rail, and an inner cylindrical slider 706 is arranged in the slider fixing seat. The hard steel ball 707 rolls in the inner cylindrical slider 706, and the hard steel ball 707 is connected to the far end of the rocker 509.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, the linear motor directly drives the rocker to swing horizontally, thereby driving the rotational reciprocating motion of the central axis and the rotating turntable, reducing vibration and impact while providing stable driving force. Grating scale 703: real-time monitoring of the displacement accuracy of the linear motor 701. The hard steel ball 707 rolls in the inner cylindrical slider 706, converting the translational motion of the linear motor 701 into pure swing of the rocker 509. The rolling friction coefficient is small, the transmission efficiency is improved, the hysteresis effect of the traditional hinge is eliminated, and the uniform swing smoothness is guaranteed. The linear motor 701, grating scale 703, etc. are all located in the atmospheric environment outside the vacuum chamber, away from the neutron irradiation zone, to avoid neutron damage to the precision motor coil / grating scale.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a rotating turntable provided in an embodiment of the present application. The rotating turntable 400 includes: a lower turntable 401, an upper turntable 402, a two-stage conical guide pin 403 and a hexagon socket screw 404; A two-stage conical guide pin 403 is provided on the top surface of the lower turntable 401, and the upper turntable 402 is arranged above the lower turntable 401; the upper turntable 402 is provided with a through hole for installing the hexagon socket screw 404. When the upper turntable 402 is installed on the lower turntable 401, the hexagon socket screw 404 passes through the through hole and extends into the two-stage conical guide pin 403.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, the rotating turntable includes an upper turntable and a lower turntable. The lower turntable is fixedly connected to the central axis. The upper turntable is fixed to the lower turntable by an hexagon socket screw 404. The positioning consistency after repeated disassembly and assembly is very high.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The positioning adjustment structure diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application shows that the positioning adjustment mechanism 600 includes: a spherical positioning ring 601, a fixing plate 602, a spherical positioning seat 603, a center limiting ring 604, a sealing seat 605 and a center ring 606; The fixed plate 602 is arranged on the top plate 204 of the load-bearing platform, and a spherical positioning seat 603 is arranged on the inner side of the fixed plate 602, a spherical positioning ring 601 is arranged on the inner side of the spherical positioning seat 603, and a center limiting ring 604 is arranged above the spherical positioning seat; the center limiting ring 604 is sleeved on the center axis 512; a sealing seat 605 is arranged above the spherical positioning ring, and a center ring 606 is arranged on the inner side of the top of the sealing seat, and the center ring 606 is connected to the sealing mechanism 300.

[0045] In this embodiment, the spherical positioning ring 601 and the spherical positioning seat 603 form a hemispherical contact surface, allowing the center shaft 512 to automatically slide and adjust in the event of slight radial or angular deviations. This compensates for cumulative installation errors (such as foundation settlement and thermal deformation), achieving the required coaxiality between the center shaft and the alignment reference. Furthermore, it eliminates the overconstraint stress associated with traditional rigid positioning and prevents the center shaft from becoming stuck under loads of 1,000 kg. A center limit ring 604, mounted on the center shaft 512, limits the maximum deflection of the spherical positioning ring 601 and suppresses micro-resonances caused by low-frequency oscillations of 0.0001–0.1 Hz.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8The sealing mechanism structure diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application, the sealing mechanism 300 includes: a sealing ring 301, a large bearing seat 302, a vacuum bellows 304, a deep groove ball bearing 305 and a ceramic bearing cover 306; the sealing mechanism 300 is fixedly connected to the positioning adjustment mechanism 600 through a flange and a flange clamp 303; the deep groove ball bearing 305 is sleeved on the top of the central shaft 512, and the ceramic bearing cover 306 is arranged above the deep groove ball bearing 305; the vacuum bellows 304 is sleeved on the center limit ring 604; the large bearing seat 302 is arranged below the vacuum bellows, and the sealing ring 301 is arranged on the outside of the large bearing seat 302, and the sealing ring 301 is arranged on the inside of the sealing seat 605.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the vacuum bellows achieves dynamic sealing through deformation compensation. The bellows has a multi-layer metal film corrugated structure, which produces axial / radial / angular deformation when the central axis 512 swings, thereby compensating for the displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction and mechanical vibration, and the leakage rate is stable <5×10⁻ 9 mbar·L / s, and avoids fatigue cracking caused by rigid constraints in traditional metal seals, extending their service life. The 306 ceramic bearing gland uses zirconia ceramic (magnetic permeability ≈ 1) to completely isolate magnetic fields. The 305 deep groove ball bearing and ceramic gland: The deep groove ball bearing bears radial loads, while the ceramic gland distributes axial pressure, ensuring axial runout of less than 5μm under loads of 1,000 kg. Furthermore, it suppresses micro-leakage in the seal caused by low-frequency oscillations of 0.0001–0.1 Hz.

[0048] In some optional embodiments, the base adjustment mechanism 100, the load-bearing platform 200, the sealing mechanism 300, the central rocker mechanism 500, the rotating turntable 400, the driving module 700 and the positioning adjustment mechanism 600 are all made of non-magnetic materials or low-magnetic materials.

[0049] Among them, non-magnetic materials or low-magnetic materials include aluminum alloys, non-magnetic stainless steel, non-magnetic Inconel series nickel-based high-temperature alloys, ceramics, etc. Ceramic bearings: resistant to neutron irradiation embrittlement, with a longer lifespan than stainless steel; Inconel high-temperature alloys: resistant to gamma-ray irradiation hardening, maintaining mechanical strength stability, avoiding microcracks and expansion deformation caused by irradiation of traditional materials, and ensuring sealing performance. In this embodiment, all components of the rotating sample stage are made of non-magnetic / low-magnetic materials (aluminum alloys, non-magnetic stainless steel, Inconel nickel-based high-temperature alloys, ceramics, etc.), and the magnetic permeability of some components is ≤1.01, blocking magnetic contamination at the source, avoiding neutron path distortion caused by material magnetization in a strong magnetic field environment, and ensuring an improved signal-to-noise ratio of the scattered signal.

[0050] When the rotating sample stage works Figure 9As shown, a rotating sample stage 5 is mounted on foundation 1. Its rotating turntable extends into scattering chamber 3, which contains a vacuum scattering cavity. The sealing mechanism of the rotating sample stage 5 is fixedly connected to a support flange 2 (specifically, the support flange 2 is connected above the vacuum bellows). The scattering chamber 3 is mounted on support flange 2. A neutron scattering spectrometer 4 is mounted on the rotating turntable. The bottom of the neutron scattering spectrometer 4 serves as a neutron optical collimator.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 A flow chart of the steps of a control method for a rotating sample stage provided in an embodiment of the present application is applicable to any of the rotating sample stages described above, and the method mainly includes: the collimator to be measured is installed on the rotating turntable of the rotating sample stage; the scattering chamber is installed on the rotating sample stage through a support flange; the base horizontality is adjusted by the base adjustment mechanism 100 of the rotating sample stage; the positioning coaxiality is adjusted by the positioning adjustment mechanism 600; and the control drive module 700 is started to drive the central rocker of the rotating sample stage to rotate, so that the rotating turntable rotates.

[0052] In addition, please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 This method for remotely controlling a rotating sample stage includes: securing a neutron optical collimator to a high-precision rotating sample stage. The stage consists of a master and slave units, with the master unit including an interactive interface and controller, and the slave unit including a camera and sensors. During operation, the operator performs remote control based on a global field of view. Using a digital twin platform, the operator transforms the rotating sample stage's structure, control functions, and real-time information from the physical space into dynamic information of a virtual prototype in virtual space through dynamic interaction. This information is then transmitted to the master unit for evaluation or adjustment. The global field of view is provided by sensor systems such as cameras and attitude sensors. Parameters are adjusted through the interactive interface or control buttons are used, and displacement and angle adjustments are achieved through signal or interface feedback.

[0053] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0054] In addition, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0055] Furthermore, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0056] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0057] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the present application are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A rotating sample stage, characterized in that: include: A base adjustment mechanism (100), a load-bearing platform (200), a sealing mechanism (300), a central rocker mechanism (500), a rotating turntable (400), a driving module (700), and a positioning adjustment mechanism (600); The base adjustment mechanism (100) is provided at the bottom of the load-bearing platform (200), the positioning adjustment mechanism (600) is provided at the top of the load-bearing platform (200), the positioning adjustment mechanism (600) is sleeved on the central rocker mechanism (500), and the sealing mechanism (300) is sleeved on the positioning adjustment mechanism (600) and the central rocker mechanism (500); the central rocker mechanism (500) passes through the positioning adjustment mechanism (600) and the sealing mechanism (300), the top of the central rocker mechanism (500) is connected to the rotating turntable (400), and the bottom of the central rocker mechanism (500) is connected to the driving module (700); The base adjustment mechanism (100) is used to adjust the horizontality of the rotating turntable (400); The positioning adjustment mechanism (600) is used to adjust the coaxiality between the central rocker mechanism (500) and the central axis; The driving module (700) is used to drive the central rocker mechanism (500) to rotate around the central axis; The sealing mechanism (300) is used to be connected to a supporting flange (2), and a scattering chamber (3) is provided on the supporting flange (2).

2. The rotating sample stage according to claim 1, wherein: The load-bearing platform (200) comprises: an inclined iron base (201), a load-bearing platform bottom plate (202), columns (203) and a load-bearing platform top plate (204); The inclined iron base (201) is arranged below the load-bearing platform bottom plate (202), the bottom end of the column (203) is fixedly connected to the load-bearing platform bottom plate (202), and the top end of the column (203) is fixedly connected to the load-bearing platform top plate (204).

3. The rotating sample stage according to claim 2, wherein: The base adjustment mechanism (100) comprises: a fixing bolt (101), an adjustment threaded seat (102), an adjustment knob (103), a washer (104), an adjustment bolt (105) and an inclined iron slider (106); The fixing bolt (101) fixes the adjusting threaded seat (102) and the load-bearing platform bottom plate (202); when the adjusting knob (103) is rotated, the adjusting bolt (105) moves inward or outward; when the adjusting bolt (105) moves inward, the adjusting bolt presses against the inclined iron slider (106), so that the inclined iron slider (106) contacts the inclined iron base (201), thereby lifting the load-bearing platform bottom plate (202); the washer (104) is provided on the inner side of the adjusting bolt.

4. The rotating sample stage according to claim 3, wherein: The central rocker mechanism (500) comprises: an encoder (501), an encoder bracket (502), a connecting pin (503), a rocker fixing frame (508), a rocker (509), a central shaft (512) and a bearing assembly; The top end of the central shaft (512) is connected to the rotating turntable (400), and the bottom end of the central shaft is connected to the encoder bracket (502) via the connecting pin (503), and the encoder (501) is mounted on the encoder bracket (502); the rocker fixing frame (508) is provided inside the central shaft, and the proximal end of the rocker (509) extends into the central shaft and is mounted on the rocker fixing frame (508); the bearing assembly is sleeved on the bottom of the central shaft (512); The bearing assembly comprises: a bearing cover (504), a bearing lower end cover (505), a round nut (506), an angular contact ball bearing (507), a central bearing seat (510), and a hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange (511); The bearing lower end cover (505) is arranged above the bearing cover (504), the round nut (506) is arranged above the bearing lower end cover (505), the angular contact ball bearing (507) is arranged above the round nut (506), the central bearing seat (510) is arranged above the angular contact ball bearing (507), and the hollow shaft magnetic fluid sealing flange (511) is arranged above the central bearing seat.

5. The rotating sample stage according to claim 4, wherein: The driving module (700) comprises: a linear motor (701), a motor mounting frame (702), a grating ruler (703), and a connecting structure (704); The linear motor (701) is mounted on the motor mounting frame (702); the top of the linear motor is a linear guide rail (708); the grating ruler (703) is arranged inside the linear guide rail (708); the connecting structure (704) slides inside the linear guide rail; The connection structure (704) comprises a slider fixing seat (705), an inner cylindrical slider (706) and a hard steel ball (707); The slider fixing seat (705) slides along the direction of the linear guide rail, the inner cylindrical slider (706) is provided in the slider fixing seat, the hard steel ball (707) rolls in the inner cylindrical slider (706), and the hard steel ball (707) is connected to the far end of the rocker (509).

6. The rotating sample stage according to claim 5, wherein: The rotating turntable (400) comprises: a lower turntable (401), an upper turntable (402), a two-section conical guide pin (403) and a hexagon socket screw (404); The top surface of the lower turntable (401) is provided with the two-stage conical guide pin (403), and the upper turntable (402) is arranged above the lower turntable (401); the upper turntable (402) is provided with a through hole for installing the hexagon socket screw (404), and when the upper turntable (402) is installed on the lower turntable (401), the hexagon socket screw (404) passes through the through hole and extends into the two-stage conical guide pin (403).

7. The rotating sample stage according to claim 6, wherein: The positioning and adjusting mechanism (600) comprises: a spherical positioning ring (601), a fixing plate (602), a spherical positioning seat (603), a center limiting ring (604), a sealing seat (605) and a center ring (606); The fixing plate (602) is arranged on the top plate (204) of the load-bearing platform, the spherical positioning seat (603) is arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate (602), the spherical positioning ring (601) is arranged on the inner side of the spherical positioning seat (603), and the center limiting ring (604) is arranged above the spherical positioning seat; the center limiting ring (604) is sleeved on the center shaft (512); the sealing seat (605) is arranged above the spherical positioning ring, and the center ring (606) is arranged on the inner side of the top of the sealing seat, and the center ring (606) is connected to the sealing mechanism (300).

8. The rotating sample stage according to claim 7, wherein: The sealing mechanism (300) comprises: A sealing ring (301), a large bearing seat (302), a vacuum bellows (304), a deep groove ball bearing (305) and a ceramic bearing gland (306); The sealing mechanism (300) is fixedly connected to the positioning and adjusting mechanism (600) via a flange and a flange clamp (303); the deep groove ball bearing (305) is sleeved on the top of the central shaft (512), and the ceramic bearing cover (306) is arranged above the deep groove ball bearing (305); the vacuum bellows (304) is sleeved on the central limiting ring (604); the large bearing seat (302) is arranged below the vacuum bellows, the sealing ring (301) is arranged on the outer side of the large bearing seat (302), and the sealing ring (301) is arranged on the inner side of the sealing seat (605).

9. The rotating sample stage according to claim 1, wherein: The base adjustment mechanism (100), the load-bearing platform (200), the sealing mechanism (300), the central rocker mechanism (500), the rotating turntable (400), the driving module (700) and the positioning adjustment mechanism (600) are all made of non-magnetic materials or low-magnetic materials.

10. A method for controlling a rotating sample stage, characterized in that: Applied to the rotating sample stage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: The collimator to be measured is mounted on the rotating turntable of the rotating sample stage; The scattering chamber is mounted on the rotating sample stage via a support flange; Adjust the horizontality of the base by rotating the base adjustment mechanism of the sample stage; Positioning coaxiality adjustment is carried out through the positioning adjustment mechanism; The driving module of the rotating sample stage is controlled to start, driving the central rocker of the rotating sample stage to rotate, thereby rotating the rotating turntable.

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