Throttle cavitation phenomenon test device and test method

Abstract

The application provides a throttling element cavitation phenomenon test device and test method, the test device comprises a first water tank and a backwater tank, the first water tank and the backwater tank are communicated through a water supplement pipeline, and the backwater tank is used for water charging to the first water tank; a visual throttling element, a flowmeter, a water supplement pump and a first isolation valve are sequentially arranged on the water supplement pipeline from the first water tank to the backwater tank, upstream and downstream of the visual throttling element are respectively provided with a first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge, the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are used for monitoring the pressure difference of the visual throttling element, and the flowmeter is used for adjusting the flow through the visual throttling element according to test requirements; the test device further comprises a gas supplement pipeline and a vacuum pipeline, one end of the gas supplement pipeline is communicated with the first water tank, a gas supplement tank is arranged on the gas supplement pipeline, one end of the vacuum pipeline is communicated with the first water tank, and a vacuum pump is arranged on the vacuum pipeline; the gas supplement pipeline and the vacuum pipeline are used for adjusting the back pressure of the visual throttling element to meet test requirements under different back pressure conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of process loop design technology, specifically to a test apparatus and method for testing cavitation phenomena in throttling devices. Background Technology

[0002] Throttling devices are commonly used components in the process loops of nuclear power units. They can passively limit the flow rate of the loop through fluid dynamics and thermodynamics principles such as cavitation and cavitation, so as to alleviate overcurrent or loss-current conditions.

[0003] It is known that the existing design of throttling devices relies on empirical formulas and lacks systematic experimental data to support the laws of cavitation initiation and development. As a result, in order to avoid cavitation risks, the design margin is too large, leading to an oversized throat size and low flow regulation accuracy.

[0004] Moreover, most existing devices only regulate back pressure by throttling through valves, which has the drawbacks of slow dynamic response and low accuracy, making it difficult to capture the initial transient state of cavitation.

[0005] Therefore, although throttling devices are now widely used in process loops, research on the cavitation phenomenon of throttling devices still lacks fundamental and systematic aspects.

[0006] Based on this, the inventors of this application propose a test apparatus and method for cavitation phenomenon of throttling components, in order to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the lack of basic and systematic research on the cavitation phenomenon of throttling components in the prior art, and to provide a test device and method for the cavitation phenomenon of throttling components.

[0008] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention provides a test apparatus for cavitation phenomenon of a throttling element, comprising:

[0010] A first water tank and a return water tank are connected by a water supply pipeline, and the return water tank is used to fill the first water tank with water.

[0011] The water supply pipeline is provided with a visual throttling device, a flow meter, a water supply pump and a first isolation valve in sequence from the first water tank to the return water tank. A first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge are provided upstream and downstream of the visual throttling device, respectively. The first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are used to monitor the pressure difference of the visual throttling device. The flow meter is used to adjust the flow rate through the visual throttling device according to the test requirements.

[0012] An air supply pipeline is connected at one end to the first water tank, and an air supply tank is provided on the air supply pipeline.

[0013] A vacuum extraction pipeline, one end of which is connected to the first water tank, is equipped with a vacuum pump; wherein...

[0014] The gas supply line and the vacuum line are used to adjust the back pressure of the visualization throttling device to meet the test requirements under different back pressure conditions.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a second water tank is further provided on one side of the first water tank, and the first water tank and the second water tank are connected by an overflow pipe. When the water in the first water tank exceeds the elevation of the overflow pipe, it flows to the second water tank through the overflow pipe.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elevation of the overflow pipe within the first water tank is adjustable.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure balancing pipe is further provided between the first water tank and the second water tank, and the two ends of the pressure balancing pipe are respectively connected to the first water tank and the second water tank to maintain the air space pressure of the first water tank and the second water tank being consistent.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second water tank and the return water tank are connected by a return water pipe;

[0019] The return water pipe is equipped with a second isolation valve and a return water pump. The return water pipe is used to transport water from the second water tank to the return water tank.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second water tank is further provided with a level gauge, which is used to monitor the liquid level in the second water tank, and the level gauge is communicatively connected to the return water pump and the second isolation valve.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply pipeline is provided with a gas supply pressure reducing valve, a gas supply check valve, and a gas supply isolation valve;

[0022] The gas supply pipeline is used to inject high-pressure gas from the gas supply tank into the first water tank via the gas supply pressure reducing valve, the gas supply check valve, and the gas supply isolation valve to meet the test back pressure of the visual throttling device.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum pipeline is provided with a vacuum check valve and a vacuum isolation valve;

[0024] The vacuum line is used to evacuate air from the first water tank via the vacuum check valve and the vacuum isolation valve to meet the test back pressure of the visual throttling device.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first water tank is further provided with an exhaust pipe, and a safety valve is provided on the exhaust pipe;

[0026] The top of the first water tank is also equipped with an air space pressure gauge to monitor the air space pressure inside the first water tank.

[0027] This invention also provides a method for visualizing cavitation phenomena in throttling devices, using the cavitation phenomenon testing apparatus for throttling devices as described above. The testing method includes:

[0028] Step 1: Open the first isolation valve and use the water replenishment pump to inject water from the return water tank into the first water tank until the water in the first water tank reaches the target elevation.

[0029] Step 2: Based on the test back pressure of the visualized throttling device, adjust the air space pressure of the first water tank to the test back pressure using the air replenishment pipeline or vacuum pipeline.

[0030] Step 3: Start the water supply pump and adjust the first isolation valve according to the monitoring value of the flow meter to adjust the flow rate to a stable test flow rate. After the back pressure and flow rate of the visual throttling device are stable, judge the phenomenon of fluid passing through the visual throttling device through the visual throttling device. At the same time, use the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge to monitor and record the pressure difference at both ends of the visual throttling device.

[0031] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0032] The present invention provides a test device for cavitation phenomena of a throttling device. The gas supply pipeline and the vacuum pump pipeline can fill or evacuate the gas space in the first water tank to ensure that the gas pressure in the first water tank meets the test pressure. Moreover, the gas supply pipeline and the vacuum pump pipeline can achieve wide-range back pressure control to simulate the full range of working conditions from high-pressure suppression to low-pressure cavitation. The water supply pump and the first regulating valve can also control the flow rate through the visual throttling device, thereby meeting the test requirements of the cavitation phenomenon of the visual throttling device under different back pressure and flow rate conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cavitation phenomenon test device for the throttling element of the present invention.

[0035] 1. First water tank; 11. Air space pressure gauge;

[0036] 2. Return water tank;

[0037] 3. Water supply pipeline; 31. Visual throttling device; 32. Flow meter; 33. First isolation valve; 34. First pressure gauge; 35. Second pressure gauge; 36. Water supply pump;

[0038] 4. Air supply pipeline; 41. Air supply tank; 42. Air supply pressure reducing valve; 43. Air supply check valve; 44. Air supply isolation valve;

[0039] 5. Vacuum piping; 51. Vacuum pump; 52. Vacuum check valve; 53. Vacuum isolation valve;

[0040] 6. Second water tank; 61. Pressure balancing pipe; 62. Level gauge;

[0041] 7. Overflow pipe;

[0042] 8. Return water pipe; 81. Second isolation valve; 82. Return water pump;

[0043] 9. Exhaust pipe; 91. Safety valve. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions and derivations based on actual application situations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 The present invention proposes a test device for cavitation phenomenon of throttling device, comprising: a first water tank 1, a return water tank 2, a gas supply pipeline 4 and a vacuum pipeline 5. The first water tank 1 and the return water tank 2 are connected by a water supply pipeline 3, and the return water tank 2 is used to fill the first water tank 1 with water.

[0047] It can be seen that before the experiment begins, a certain amount of water can be stored in the return water tank 2, or a certain amount of water can be injected into the return water tank 2 through an external pipeline for the experiment. Both methods are acceptable and are not limited here.

[0048] The water supply pipeline 3 is provided with a visual throttling device 31, a flow meter 32, a water supply pump 36 and a first isolation valve 33 in sequence from the first water tank 1 to the return water tank 2. A first pressure gauge 34 and a second pressure gauge 35 are provided upstream and downstream of the visual throttling device 31, respectively. The first pressure gauge 34 and the second pressure gauge 35 are used to monitor the pressure difference of the visual throttling device 31. The flow meter 32 is used to adjust the flow rate through the visual throttling device 31 according to the test requirements.

[0049] Optionally, the visualization throttling device 31 can be a transparent structure, such as made of glass or plexiglass. Alternatively, an optical observation window can be integrated to meet visualization needs, allowing researchers to directly observe the flow state and cavitation phenomena of fluid passing through the visualization throttling device 31.

[0050] It is known that when cavitation occurs, visible bubbles or vapor bubbles are formed in the fluid. Transparent structures can intuitively display the position, density and dynamic behavior of the bubbles, distinguish different types of cavitation, and assess the cavitation intensity by measuring the density and size of the bubbles, for example, by using image processing technology to quantify the area ratio of the cavitation cluster.

[0051] Meanwhile, by observing the interaction between bubbles and flow structures (such as vortex cavitation) or the material damage (cavitation erosion) caused by collisions with solid boundaries, the design for suppressing cavitation can be optimized, which in turn helps to provide design reference for the design of the visualized throttling device 31.

[0052] For the water supply line 3, the flow meter 32 is used to monitor and adjust the test flow rate to control the critical conditions for cavitation. The water supply pump 36 is used to provide a stable flow rate to ensure the consistency of the test conditions. The first pressure gauge 34 and the second pressure gauge 35 are used to measure the pressure difference across the visual throttling device 31 to determine the initial formation of cavitation. For example, a sudden drop in pressure difference indicates the occurrence of cavitation. That is, a sudden drop in pressure difference indicates that cavitation bubbles are generated, leading to a decrease in flow resistance.

[0053] For the air supply line 4, one end of the air supply line 4 is connected to the first water tank 1, and an air supply tank 41 is provided on the air supply line 4.

[0054] High-pressure gas can be injected into the first water tank 1 through the gas supply tank 41 and the gas supply pipeline 4 to increase the back pressure and meet the test requirement that the back pressure is positive.

[0055] The vacuum line 5 is connected at one end to the first water tank 1, and a vacuum pump 51 is installed on the vacuum line 5.

[0056] That is, the vacuum pump 51 can be used to evacuate air from the first water tank 1 to reduce the back pressure and meet the test requirement that the back pressure of the test is negative.

[0057] As described above, this application utilizes the gas supply line 4 and the vacuum line 5 to adjust the back pressure of the visual throttling device 31 to meet the experimental requirements under different back pressure conditions. Furthermore, by real-time monitoring of pressure, flow rate, and liquid level, the cavitation phenomenon of the visual throttling device 31 under different boundary conditions can be studied. Moreover, the visual throttling device 31 can be replaced to allow for the study of cavitation phenomena exhibited by different visual throttling devices 31.

[0058] In one embodiment, a second water tank 6 is also provided on one side of the first water tank 1. The first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 are connected by an overflow pipe 7. When the water in the first water tank 1 exceeds the elevation of the overflow pipe 7, it flows to the second water tank 6 through the overflow pipe 7.

[0059] The overflow pipe 7 provided between the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 is used to discharge the fluid continuously injected into the first water tank 1 into the second water tank 6 through the overflow pipe 7, thereby maintaining the stability of the liquid level in the first water tank 1.

[0060] Furthermore, the elevation of the overflow pipe 7 within the first water tank 1 is adjustable.

[0061] Therefore, by setting the elevation of the overflow pipe 7 according to the test flow rate, the liquid level fluctuation can be reduced after the fluid enters the first water tank 1 through the visual throttling device 31.

[0062] Optionally, a pressure balancing pipe 61 is provided between the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6. The two ends of the pressure balancing pipe 61 are connected to the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 respectively, so as to keep the air space pressure of the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 consistent.

[0063] The pressure balance pipe 61 is located in the upper part of the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6, thereby connecting the air space of the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6, thus preventing the first water tank 1 from overflowing.

[0064] It can be seen that for the first water tank 1 or the second water tank 6, the interior of the first water tank 1 or the second water tank 6 is divided into a liquid space and a gas space. The gas space is the space above the liquid surface, and the space below the liquid surface is the liquid space.

[0065] In one embodiment, the second water tank 6 and the return water tank 2 are connected by a return water pipe 8; the return water pipe 8 is equipped with a second isolation valve 81 and a return water pump 82, and the return water pipe 8 is used to transport water in the second water tank 6 to the return water tank 2.

[0066] The return water tank 2 is used to receive water from the second water tank 6, and this water is then used as the fluid for the visual throttling device 31 test, so that the fluid can be recycled and the amount of test fluid used can be saved.

[0067] It is known that the second water tank 6 is also equipped with a level gauge 62, which is used to monitor the liquid in the second water tank 6. The level gauge 62 is communicatively connected to the return water pump 82 and the second isolation valve 81.

[0068] That is, when the liquid collected in the second water tank 6 is excessive, the second isolation valve 81 and the return water pump 82 are opened, and the overflow liquid flows into the return water tank 2 through the return water pipe 8. The process of opening the second isolation valve 81 and the return water pump 82 can be controlled by a controller or manually. In this application, it is preferred to use a controller for control.

[0069] That is, when the level gauge 62 detects that the liquid collected in the second water tank 6 exceeds a certain threshold, the level gauge 62 will transmit a signal to the controller. After receiving the signal, the controller will automatically send an opening signal to the return water pump 82 and the second isolation valve 81 according to the preset program instructions, thereby opening the second isolation valve 81 and starting the return water pump 82, so that the overflow liquid flows into the return water tank 2 through the return water pipe 8.

[0070] By using the controller to accurately measure the liquid level, the timing of starting the return water pump 82 and the second isolation valve 81 can be more precise compared to manual control, ensuring that the liquid levels in the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 are always maintained within a suitable range. As a result, the back pressure on the side of the first water tank 1 is more stable, which in turn makes the flow state through the visual throttling device 31 more stable.

[0071] In one embodiment, the gas supply line 4 is equipped with a gas supply pressure reducing valve 42, a gas supply check valve 43, and a gas supply isolation valve 44; the gas supply line 4 is used to inject high-pressure gas in the gas supply tank 41 into the first water tank 1 through the gas supply pressure reducing valve 42, the gas supply check valve 43, and the gas supply isolation valve 44 to meet the test back pressure of the visual throttling device 31.

[0072] The air supply line 4 is used to inject high-pressure gas into the first water tank 1, thereby meeting the positive pressure test pressure required for the air space of the first water tank 1.

[0073] Optionally, the vacuum line 5 is equipped with a vacuum check valve 52 and a vacuum isolation valve 53; the vacuum line 5 is used to evacuate the first water tank 1 through the vacuum check valve 52 and the vacuum isolation valve 53 to meet the test back pressure of the visual throttling device 31.

[0074] The vacuum line 5 is used to extract the gas in the first water tank 1, thereby meeting the negative pressure test pressure required for the gas space of the first water tank 1.

[0075] Furthermore, the first water tank 1 is also equipped with an exhaust pipe 9, and a safety valve 91 is installed on the exhaust pipe 9; the top of the first water tank 1 is also equipped with an air space pressure gauge 11, which is used to monitor the air space pressure inside the first water tank 1.

[0076] The air space pressure gauge 11 can monitor the air space pressure value of the first water tank 1 in real time. If the air space pressure value does not match the test pressure value, the air space pressure value can be adjusted using the vacuum line 5 or the air supply line 4. The exhaust line 9 can discharge the gas in the first water tank 1 to meet the test requirements.

[0077] The following example illustrates the operating procedure when the back pressure is positive or negative:

[0078] When the test back pressure of the visual throttling device 31 is positive, first close the air extraction isolation valve 53, fill the return water tank 2 with water, adjust the overflow pipe 7 to the target elevation according to the test flow rate, open the first isolation valve 33 to fill the first water tank 1 with water to the elevation of the overflow pipe 7, and close the first isolation valve 33.

[0079] Adjust the gas replenishment isolation valve 44 according to the back pressure requirements, and slowly open the gas replenishment isolation valve 44. High pressure gas enters the gas space of the first water tank 1 from the gas replenishment tank 41 through the gas replenishment pipeline 4, the gas replenishment pressure reducing valve 42, the gas replenishment check valve 43 and the gas replenishment isolation valve 44. The pressure balance pipe 61 is used to maintain the gas pressure balance between the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6.

[0080] When the pressure reaches the preset test setting value, close the air supply isolation valve 44. Open the first isolation valve 33, start the water supply pump 36, and adjust the first isolation valve 33 according to the monitoring value of the flow meter 32 to adjust the flow rate to a stable test flow rate. After the fluid enters the first water tank 1, it enters the second water tank 6 through the overflow pipe 7. When the level gauge 62 of the second water tank 6 reaches the high level, open the second isolation valve 81, start the return water pump 82, and transport the overflow liquid to the return water tank 2 through the return water pipe 8 to maintain circulation.

[0081] It can be seen that during the experiment, if the pressure drops, the pressure can be maintained by opening the gas supply isolation valve 44 to supply gas; if the pressure rises, the pressure can be maintained by opening the gas extraction isolation valve 53 to exhaust gas. When the back pressure and flow rate are stable, the phenomenon of fluid passing through the visual throttling device 31 can be intuitively judged through the visual throttling device 31. At the same time, the pressure difference of the visual throttling device 31 can be monitored and recorded using the first pressure gauge 34 and the second pressure gauge 35.

[0082] When the test back pressure of the visual throttling device 31 is negative, close the air replenishment isolation valve 44 and fill the return water tank 2 with water. According to the test flow rate, adjust the overflow pipe 7 to the target elevation, open the first isolation valve 33 to fill the first water tank 1 with water to the elevation of the overflow pipe 7, and close the first isolation valve 33.

[0083] According to the test back pressure requirements, the gas extraction isolation valve 53 is opened and the vacuum pump 51 is turned on. The gas in the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 is extracted through the vacuum pipeline 5. The pressure balance pipe 61 is used to maintain the pressure balance between the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6.

[0084] When the back pressure reaches the test set value, close the suction isolation valve 53 and the vacuum pump 51. Open the first isolation valve 33, start the water supply pump 36, and adjust the water supply isolation valve according to the monitoring value of the flow meter 32 to adjust the flow rate to a stable test flow rate. After the fluid enters the first water tank 1, it enters the second water tank 6 through the overflow pipe 7. When the level gauge 62 of the second water tank 6 reaches the high level, open the second isolation valve 81, start the return water pump 82, and transport the overflow liquid to the return water tank 2 through the return water pipe 8 to maintain circulation.

[0085] During the experiment, if the pressure increases, the evacuation isolation valve 53 can be opened and the vacuum pump 51 can be started to evacuate and maintain the pressure. When the back pressure and flow rate are stable, the phenomenon of fluid passing through the visual throttling device 31 can be intuitively judged through the visual throttling device 31. At the same time, the pressure difference of the visual throttling device 31 can be monitored and recorded using the first pressure gauge 34 and the second pressure gauge 35.

[0086] As described above, this application provides a stable back pressure downstream of the visualization throttling device 31 by setting up a first water tank 1, an air supply line 4, and a vacuum line 5. The air supply line 4 and the vacuum line 5 are located at the top of the first water tank 1. The air supply line 4 is equipped with an air supply tank 41 and an air supply pressure reducing valve 42 to provide positive test pressure to the first water tank 1.

[0087] The vacuum line 5 is equipped with a vacuum pump 51, which is used to provide test negative pressure for the first water tank 1.

[0088] An overflow pipe 7 is installed in the first water tank 1 to discharge the fluid continuously injected into the first water tank 1 into the second water tank 6 by overflow, thereby maintaining the stability of the liquid level in the first water tank 1. At the same time, a pressure balancing pipe 61 is installed on the upper part of the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 to keep the air space pressure of the first water tank 1 and the second water tank 6 consistent, so as to facilitate the overflow of the first water tank 1.

[0089] In summary, the test apparatus proposed in this application, by being equipped with a gas supply line 4 and a vacuum pump line 5, can both increase the back pressure by injecting high-pressure gas through the gas supply tank 41 to meet the requirements of positive pressure test, and reduce the back pressure by using the vacuum pump 51 to adapt to negative pressure test conditions. It can flexibly simulate the back pressure environment faced by the throttling device under various actual working conditions, making the test more targeted and comprehensive.

[0090] A flow meter 32 and a water supply pump 36 are installed on the water supply pipeline 3. The flow meter 32 can accurately monitor and adjust the flow rate through the visual throttling device 31 according to the test requirements, while the water supply pump 36 can provide a stable flow rate to ensure the consistency of the test results.

[0091] This application employs a visual throttling device 31, which can intuitively display the position, density, and dynamic behavior of bubbles, facilitating in-depth analysis of the cavitation process and distinguishing different cavitation types. For example, image processing technology can be used to quantify the area ratio of cavitation clusters by bubble density and size, thereby assessing cavitation intensity, providing quantitative data support for throttling device performance research, and enhancing the scientific rigor of experimental results.

[0092] Furthermore, this application not only provides intuitive data related to cavitation through the visual throttling device 31, but also includes multiple monitoring components. For example, the first pressure gauge 34 and the second pressure gauge 35 measure the pressure difference across the visual throttling device 31 to determine the initial formation of cavitation. Another example is the level gauge 62, which monitors the liquid level in the second water tank 6 to ensure system level stability. These parameters complement each other, comprehensively reflecting the data and information involved in the experimental process.

[0093] With this design, this application can effectively avoid damage to the equipment caused by excessive cavitation through reasonable structural design and more precise parameter control, which helps to extend the service life of the equipment and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0094] This invention also proposes a method for visualizing cavitation phenomena in throttling devices, employing the aforementioned cavitation phenomenon testing apparatus. The testing method includes:

[0095] Step 1: Open the first isolation valve and use the water replenishment pump to inject water from the return water tank into the first water tank until the water in the first water tank reaches the target elevation.

[0096] Step 2: Based on the test back pressure of the visualized throttling device, adjust the air space pressure of the first water tank to the test back pressure using the air replenishment pipeline or vacuum pipeline.

[0097] Step 3: Start the water supply pump and adjust the first isolation valve according to the monitoring value of the flow meter to adjust the flow rate to a stable test flow rate. After the back pressure and flow rate of the visual throttling device are stable, judge the phenomenon of fluid passing through the visual throttling device through the visual throttling device. At the same time, use the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge to monitor and record the pressure difference at both ends of the visual throttling device.

[0098] This invention can simultaneously monitor sudden pressure drops, cavitation visualization, and flow fluctuations, thereby enabling a comprehensive assessment of cavitation initiation and avoiding misjudgments based on a single parameter. By adjusting back pressure and liquid level, this invention supports a full range of tests from low-pressure initiation to high-pressure suppression, and can simulate and visualize the failure risk of throttling devices under extreme operating conditions.

[0099] Moreover, the closed-loop regulation of flow rate, back pressure, and liquid level in this invention can reduce human intervention, shorten the time of a single test, and quickly verify the cavitation tolerance of the visualized throttling device under varying operating conditions.

[0100] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "joining", and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can also refer to mechanical connections. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0101] This application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. Terms such as "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" in different locations throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0102] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for cavitation phenomenon of a throttling element, characterized in that, include: A first water tank and a return water tank are connected by a water supply pipeline, and the return water tank is used to fill the first water tank with water. The water supply pipeline is provided with a visual throttling device, a flow meter, a water supply pump and a first isolation valve in sequence from the first water tank to the return water tank. A first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge are provided upstream and downstream of the visual throttling device, respectively. The first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are used to monitor the pressure difference of the visual throttling device. The flow meter is used to adjust the flow rate through the visual throttling device according to the test requirements. An air supply pipeline is connected at one end to the first water tank, and an air supply tank is provided on the air supply pipeline. A vacuum extraction pipeline, one end of which is connected to the first water tank, is equipped with a vacuum pump; wherein... The gas supply line and the vacuum line are used to adjust the back pressure of the visual throttling device to meet the test requirements under different back pressure conditions. A second water tank is also provided on one side of the first water tank. The first water tank and the second water tank are connected by an overflow pipe. When the water in the first water tank exceeds the elevation of the overflow pipe, it flows to the second water tank through the overflow pipe. The elevation of the overflow pipe within the first water tank is adjustable; A pressure balancing pipe is also provided between the first water tank and the second water tank. The two ends of the pressure balancing pipe are respectively connected to the first water tank and the second water tank to keep the air space pressure of the first water tank and the second water tank consistent. The second water tank and the return water tank are connected by a return water pipe; The return water pipe is equipped with a second isolation valve and a return water pump. The return water pipe is used to transport water from the second water tank to the return water tank. The second water tank is also equipped with a level gauge, which is used to monitor the liquid level in the second water tank. The level gauge is communicatively connected to the return water pump and the second isolation valve.

2. The cavitation phenomenon test apparatus for throttling components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas supply pipeline is equipped with a gas supply pressure reducing valve, a gas supply check valve, and a gas supply isolation valve; The gas supply pipeline is used to inject high-pressure gas from the gas supply tank into the first water tank via the gas supply pressure reducing valve, the gas supply check valve, and the gas supply isolation valve to meet the test back pressure of the visual throttling device.

3. The cavitation phenomenon test apparatus for throttling components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum pipeline is equipped with a vacuum check valve and a vacuum isolation valve. The vacuum line is used to evacuate air from the first water tank via the vacuum check valve and the vacuum isolation valve to meet the test back pressure of the visual throttling device.

4. The cavitation phenomenon test apparatus for throttling components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first water tank is also equipped with an exhaust pipe, and a safety valve is installed on the exhaust pipe; The top of the first water tank is also equipped with an air space pressure gauge to monitor the air space pressure inside the first water tank.

5. A method for visualizing cavitation phenomena in throttling devices, characterized in that, The cavitation phenomenon test apparatus for throttling components as described in any one of claims 1-4 is used, and the test method includes: Step 1: Open the first isolation valve and use the water replenishment pump to inject water from the return water tank into the first water tank until the water in the first water tank reaches the target elevation. Step 2: Based on the test back pressure of the visualized throttling device, adjust the air space pressure of the first water tank to the test back pressure using the air replenishment pipeline or vacuum pipeline. Step 3: Start the water supply pump and adjust the first isolation valve according to the monitoring value of the flow meter to adjust the flow rate to a stable test flow rate. After the back pressure and flow rate of the visual throttling device are stable, judge the phenomenon of fluid passing through the visual throttling device through the visual throttling device. At the same time, use the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge to monitor and record the pressure difference at both ends of the visual throttling device.

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