Display device and electronic apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a display device and electronic equipment, the display device comprises a display panel, a collimation deflection device and a shading component, the display panel comprises a substrate and a sub-pixel light-emitting unit arranged on the substrate, the collimation deflection device is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit and used for adjusting the phase of light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, and the shading component is used for shading the light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit. The shading part is arranged between the sub-pixel light-emitting unit and the collimation deflection device and comprises a shading part and a light-transmitting part, the shading part surrounds the outer side of the light-transmitting part, the light-transmitting part and the sub-pixel light-emitting unit are correspondingly arranged in the thickness direction of the display device, the shading part is used for absorbing light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, and the light-transmitting part is used for transmitting the light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit. Therefore, the light emitted by the shading part can be completely emitted into the corresponding collimation deflection device, crosstalk of the light between the adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units is avoided, stray light is reduced, the side lobe effect of brightness distribution is avoided, and the brightness uniformity of a user in the viewing angle range is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to a display device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Virtual Reality (VR) technology refers to the use of computers to generate a virtual world that can directly exert visual, auditory and tactile sensations on participants, and allow them to interactively observe and operate. Augmented Reality (AR) technology is a new technology that calculates the position and angle of camera images in real time and adds corresponding images to seamlessly integrate real-world information and virtual-world information. Its goal is to overlay the virtual world on the real world on the screen and interact with it. Near-eye display systems such as AR and VR usually amplify the image in the micro-optical display and transmit it to the human eye through optical magnification systems such as lenses or optical waveguides. The luminous intensity of ordinary micro-displays exhibits a Lambertian distribution, and the brightness is uneven within the viewing angle range.

[0003] In related technologies, the brightness distribution uniformity of the display can be improved by adding micro-optical elements in front of the micro-display. However, in addition to the main light intensity distribution, side lobe light intensity is also easily generated, resulting in stray light, affecting the brightness uniformity of the micro-display and reducing the display effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a display device and an electronic device to improve the brightness uniformity of the display device.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, comprising a display panel, a collimating and deflecting device, and a shading component, wherein the display panel comprises a substrate and a sub-pixel light-emitting unit arranged on the substrate, the collimating and deflecting device is arranged on a side of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit away from the substrate, and is used to adjust the phase of the light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, the shading component is arranged between the sub-pixel light-emitting unit and the collimating and deflecting device, the shading component comprises a shading portion and a light-transmitting portion, the shading portion is arranged around the outside of the light-transmitting portion, the light-transmitting portion and the sub-pixel light-emitting unit are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction of the display device, and the shading portion is used to absorb the light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit.

[0006] In the present application, the light output by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit can be incident on the collimating deflection device through the light-transmitting portion of the shading component, so that the collimating deflection device can adjust the phase of the light generated by the corresponding sub-pixel light-emitting unit, so that the light can be evenly incident on the human eye, thereby improving the brightness uniformity of the user within the viewing angle range. At the same time, the shading portion of the shading component can absorb the light irradiated on the shading component during the light transmission process, so that the light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit through the shading component can all be incident on the collimating deflection device corresponding to it, thereby avoiding crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units, reducing stray light, avoiding the generation of sidelobe effects in the brightness distribution, further improving the brightness uniformity of the user within the viewing angle range, and improving the imaging quality of the display device.

[0007] In one possible design, the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixel light-emitting units, which are arranged in two dimensions on the substrate according to a first length period; the distance between the centers of two adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units is the first length period P1, 1μm≤P1≤100μm, and a plurality of the shading components and the collimating and deflecting devices are provided, and the plurality of the shading components and the plurality of the collimating and deflecting devices correspond one-to-one to the sub-pixel light-emitting units.

[0008] The multiple light-shielding components and the multiple collimating and deflecting devices correspond one-to-one with the sub-pixel light-emitting units, enabling the light generated by each sub-pixel unit to be more precisely phase-adjusted by its corresponding collimating and deflecting device, further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device. When the first length period P1 satisfies 1μm≤P1≤100μm, the sub-pixel light-emitting units are of moderate size, making the display panel easy to manufacture and low-cost, while also ensuring a moderate number of sub-pixel light-emitting units, thereby ensuring the image quality of the display panel.

[0009] In a possible design, a height dimension H1 of the shading component in the thickness direction of the display device and a focal length f of the collimating and deflecting device satisfy the following relationship: 0.5f≤H1≤2f.

[0010] When the height dimension of the light shielding component in the thickness direction of the display device satisfies 0.5f≤H1≤2f relative to the focal length f of the collimating and deflecting device, the collimating and deflecting device can precisely adjust the phase of the light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, improving the adjustment accuracy of the collimating and deflecting device and further enhancing the brightness uniformity of the display device. However, if H1 is too large or too small, the collimating and deflecting device will not be able to adjust the light beams from the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, thus failing to ensure uniform brightness distribution across the entire display screen.

[0011] In one possible design, along the thickness direction of the display device, the projected area of ​​the light-transmitting portion is larger than the projected area of ​​the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, thereby preventing the light-shielding portion from absorbing too much light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit, thereby ensuring sufficient brightness of the display device.

[0012] In a possible design, the light-transmitting portion is a transparent dielectric material or a through hole.

[0013] When the light-transmitting portion is made of a transparent dielectric material, it can conduct light and improve light conduction efficiency. When the light-transmitting portion is a through hole, the light-shielding component is easier to manufacture, saving costs and facilitating a lightweight design of the display device.

[0014] In one possible design, the light shielding portion is made of a light-absorbing material to ensure that the light shielding portion effectively absorbs light, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units. Specifically, the light shielding portion can be a black matrix made of a photoresist material that absorbs visible light in the RGB band to ensure the light shielding portion's light absorption effect.

[0015] In a possible design, the spacing between the central axis of the light-shielding component, the central axis of the collimating and deflecting device, and the central axis of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit is less than or equal to 1 μm.

[0016] This structural arrangement ensures that the centers of the light-shielding component, the collimating and deflecting device, and the sub-pixel light-emitting units are roughly aligned, further preventing crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units, improving the accuracy of light phase adjustment, and further enhancing the brightness uniformity of the display device across the user's viewing angle. Furthermore, this structural arrangement improves the display device's fault tolerance, further reducing manufacturing complexity and saving costs.

[0017] In a possible design, along the first direction of the display device, the size W1 of the collimating and deflecting component and the first length period P1 satisfy: W1 / P1≥90%.

[0018] When the size W1 of the collimating deflection device and the first length period P1 satisfy W1 / P1≥90%, the collimating deflection device can cover all the light passing through the light-transmitting portion of the corresponding sub-pixel light-emitting unit. The area of ​​the collimating deflection device used to adjust the light is larger, and the spacing distance between adjacent collimating deflection devices is smaller. The light emitted through the light-transmitting portion is not easy to be emitted from the spacing between adjacent collimating deflection devices 2, thereby reducing stray light and avoiding the generation of sidelobe effects in the brightness distribution, further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device, and improving the imaging quality of the display device.

[0019] In a possible design, a side surface of the collimating and deflecting device close to the sub-pixel light-emitting unit has a center point, and along the first direction of the display device, the optical axis of the collimating and deflecting device is relatively offset from the center point.

[0020] The optical axis of the collimating deflector is offset from the center, which causes the convergence point of the light to be offset, thereby increasing the deflection angle of the light passing through the collimating deflector and improving the control range of the collimating deflector on the light phase.

[0021] In a possible design, along the direction from the center to the edge of the display panel, the offset between the optical axis of the collimating and deflecting device and the center point gradually increases.

[0022] The greater the relative offset between the optical axis and the center point of the collimating and deflecting device, the greater the deflection angle of light passing through the collimating and deflecting device, the wider the range of light phase control, and the higher the control precision. The configuration of increasing the tilt angle of the principal ray from the center to the edge of the display panel, and gradually increasing the relative offset between the optical axis and the center point of the collimating and deflecting device from the center to the edge of the display panel, enables phase adjustment of light emitted by sub-pixel light-emitting units at different locations, improving the control precision of light phase and further enhancing the brightness uniformity of the display device.

[0023] In one possible design, the collimating and deflecting device includes a substrate and a plurality of super lens units arranged in two dimensions according to a second length period on the substrate, and the sizes of the super lens units are different along the first direction of the display device.

[0024] Along the first direction of the display device, the sizes of the super lens units are different, so that the collimating and deflecting device has a certain phase gradient, so that the light can be deflected after passing through the collimating and deflecting device, thereby realizing the phase adjustment effect on the light.

[0025] In a possible design, along the thickness direction of the display device, the height dimension of the super lens unit is H2, and H2 ≥ 50 nm.

[0026] When the height dimension H2 of the super lens unit satisfies H2 ≥ 50 nm, the super lens unit has a high light deflection efficiency, thereby being able to adjust the phase of the light, reduce stray light, and improve the brightness uniformity of the display device.

[0027] In a possible design, the distance between the centers of two adjacent super lens units is a second length period P2, where P2 is ≥ 50 nm.

[0028] When the second length period P2 satisfies P2 ≥ 50 nm, the difficulty of manufacturing the collimating and deflecting device can be reduced, the cost can be saved, and the phase gradient of the collimating and deflecting device can be easily achieved, thereby achieving phase adjustment of light.

[0029] In a possible design, along the first direction of the display device, the size W2 of the super lens unit and the second length period P2 satisfy: W2 / P2≥10%.

[0030] When the size W2 of the super lens unit and the second length period P2 satisfy W2 / P2≥10%, the metasurface unit can reliably deflect light, thereby improving the reliability of the collimating and deflecting device, making it easy to prepare and further reducing the cost.

[0031] In a possible design, the collimating and deflecting device is one of a microlens, a Fresnel lens, a liquid crystal lens, or a diffractive optical element, so as to improve the design freedom of the display device.

[0032] A second aspect of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising an optical assembly and a display device as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the optical assembly is disposed on a side of the display device having a collimating and deflecting element. Because the display module exhibits the aforementioned technical effects, the electronic device including the display device should also exhibit corresponding technical effects, which will not be further elaborated here.

[0033] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an electronic device in the related art;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A top view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 A side cross-sectional view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 A partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collimating deflection device;

[0042] Figure 8 A partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collimating deflection device;

[0044] Figure 10 A partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collimating deflection device;

[0046] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of part of the structure of the collimating deflection device;

[0047] Figure 13 The cross-sectional shape of the super lens unit provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 10'-display device;

[0050] 20'-optical components;

[0051] 30'-eye plane;

[0052] 10-Display device;

[0053] 1-Display panel;

[0054] 11-Substrate;

[0055] 12-sub-pixel light-emitting unit;

[0056] 2-collimation deflection device;

[0057] 21-super lens unit;

[0058] 22-base;

[0059] 23-upper base;

[0060] 24-lower base;

[0061] 25-Liquid crystal molecules;

[0062] 26-pressure electrode;

[0063] 3-light-shielding component;

[0064] 31-Light shielding part;

[0065] 32- light-transmitting portion;

[0066] 20- Optical components;

[0067] 30-eye plane;

[0068] X-first direction;

[0069] Z-thickness direction.

[0070] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "plurality" refers to two or more; the terms "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0074] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0075] Before describing the embodiments of the present application, related concepts and related technologies are first described.

[0076] Virtual Reality (VR) refers to the use of computers to generate a virtual world that directly exerts visual, auditory, and tactile sensations on participants, allowing them to interactively observe and manipulate the world. Augmented Reality (AR) is a new technology that seamlessly integrates real-world and virtual-world information by calculating the position and angle of camera images in real time and adding corresponding images. Its goal is to overlay the virtual world on the real world on a screen and allow for interaction. Near-eye display systems such as AR and VR typically amplify images from micro-optical displays and transmit them to the human eye through optical magnification systems such as lenses or optical waveguides.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in the related art, wherein: Figure 1 (a) shows the distribution curve of the luminous intensity I of the display device with the field of view (FOV), Figure 1 (b) shows the distribution curve of the luminous intensity I of the display device after the light beam is adjusted versus the field of view angle FOV.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device in the related art generally includes a display device 10' and an optical component 20'. The display device 10' can arrange multiple sub-pixel light-emitting units in a periodic array for displaying images. The optical component 20' is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display device 10' and is used to change the propagation path of the light incident through the display device 10' so that the light can enter the human eye plane 30', so that the user can clearly see the display image on the human eye plane 30'. Figure 1 As shown in (a), as the chief ray angle (CRA) increases from the center of the display device 10' toward the edge, the brightness of the chief ray decreases. This results in the luminous intensity of the display device 10' exhibiting a Lambertian distribution, as shown in curve a. This distribution is characterized by a bright center and dark edges, resulting in uneven brightness across the viewing angle. The dotted line in the figure represents the chief ray, and the angle between the chief ray and the perpendicular to the luminous plane of the display device 10' is the chief ray angle (CRA). Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the beam of light emitted by 10' to improve the brightness uniformity of the display and ensure consistent image brightness across the entire viewing angle.

[0079] In the related art, the light beam emitted by the display device 10' can be adjusted by adding a micro-optical element such as a micro-lens array (not shown in the figure) in front of the light-emitting side of the display device 10', thereby improving the uniformity of the brightness distribution. Figure 1 (b) shows the distribution curve of the main light intensity of 10' after the beam adjustment, and c and d are the distribution curves of the side lobe intensity. Figure 1 As can be seen in (b), by adding micro-optical elements, the brightness uniformity of the main light intensity within the viewing angle is improved. However, the light between the sub-pixel light-emitting units in the array within the display device 10' is prone to mutual crosstalk. Therefore, in addition to the main light intensity b distribution, sidelobe light intensities c and d are also easily generated, resulting in stray light and affecting the brightness uniformity of the display device 10'.

[0080] In view of this, the present application provides a display device and an electronic device to reduce sidelobe light intensity and improve brightness uniformity of the display device. The electronic device may include, but is not limited to, any electronic device with a display device, such as a virtual reality head-mounted device (VR HMD), an augmented reality head-mounted device (AR HMD), or a mixed reality head-mounted device (MRHMD).

[0081] The present application is further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the electronic device may include a display device 10 and an optical component 20. The display device 10 is used to display an image. The optical component 20 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display device 10. The optical component 20 is used to change the propagation path of the light incident through the display device so that the light can be incident on the human eye plane 30, so that the user can clearly see the display image on the human eye plane 30.

[0083] The optical assembly 20 may include an optical magnification system, a folded optical path structure, a diffraction element structure, a Fresnel lens structure, an aspherical lens, etc., thereby achieving excellent focusing and concentrating effects, thereby further enhancing the imaging quality of the electronic device. Of course, the optical assembly 20 may also include other optical element structures, and the specific configuration can be based on actual needs and is not limited here.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a top view of a display device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This is a side cross-sectional view of a display device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0085] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the display device 10 is composed of a display panel 1, a collimating and deflecting device 2, a light shielding component and other components.

[0086] The display panel 1 can be used to display images, videos, etc. Specifically, the display panel 1 includes a substrate 11 and a plurality of sub-pixel light-emitting units 12 arranged two-dimensionally on the substrate 11 according to a first length period P1. The sub-pixel light-emitting units 12 arranged on the substrate 11 emit light that can form a display image.

[0087] Exemplarily, the display panel 1 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel or a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display panel. The display panel 1 can also be an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a mini organic light emitting diode (MIL) display, a micro organic light emitting diode (MIL) display, a micro organic light emitting diode (MIL) display, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display, etc., without limitation here.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, the collimating deflection device 2 is arranged on the side of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 away from the substrate, and is used to adjust the phase of the light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 so that the light can be evenly incident on the human eye, thereby improving the brightness uniformity of the user within the viewing angle range.

[0089] like Figure 4 As shown, the light shielding component 3 is disposed between the sub-pixel light emitting unit 12 and the collimating and deflecting device 2. The light shielding component 3 includes a light shielding portion 31 and a light transmitting portion 32.

[0090] The light-transmitting portion 32 is arranged corresponding to the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 along the thickness direction Z of the display device 10, so that light can be incident on the collimating and deflecting device 2 through the light-transmitting portion 32. For example, the light-transmitting portion 32 can be made of a transparent dielectric material, such as a plastic column, an organic glass column, a light-distributing sheet, a light guide sheet, etc., so that the light-transmitting portion 32 can conduct light and improve the light transmission efficiency. For example, the light-transmitting portion 32 can also be a through hole, which makes the light-shielding component 3 easier to manufacture, saves costs, and contributes to the lightweight design of the display device 10.

[0091] The light shielding portion 31 is disposed outside the light-transmitting portion 32 and is used to absorb light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting units 12. Exemplarily, the light shielding portion 31 is made of a light-absorbing material to ensure that the light shielding portion 31 effectively absorbs light, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units 12. Specifically, the light shielding portion 31 can be a black matrix made of a photoresist material that absorbs visible light in the RGB bands to ensure the light shielding portion 31 effectively absorbs light.

[0092] In this embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the light output by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 can be incident on the collimating deflection device 2 through the light-transmitting portion 32 of the shading component 3, so that the collimating deflection device 2 can adjust the phase of the light generated by the corresponding sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12, so that the light can be evenly incident on the human eye, thereby improving the brightness uniformity of the user within the viewing angle range. At the same time, the shading portion 31 of the shading component 3 can absorb the light irradiated on the shading component 3 during the light transmission process, so that the light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 through the shading component 3 can all be incident on the collimating deflection device 2 corresponding to it, thereby avoiding crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units 12, reducing stray light, and avoiding the generation of sidelobe effects of brightness distribution, further improving the brightness uniformity of the user within the viewing angle range, and improving the imaging quality of the display device 10.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, a plurality of shading components 3 and collimating deflection devices 2 may be provided, and the plurality of shading components 3 and the plurality of collimating deflection devices 2 correspond one-to-one to the sub-pixel light-emitting units 12, so that the light generated by each sub-pixel unit 12 can be more accurately phase-adjusted by its corresponding collimating deflection device 2, thereby further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device 10.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the distance between the centers of two adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units 12 is a first length period P1, and the first length period P1 satisfies 1μm≤P1≤100μm. For example, the first length period P1 can be 1μm, 5μm, 10μm, 20μm, 30μm, 40μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, etc. Of course, the first length period P1 can also be other values ​​within the range. The specific setting can be based on actual needs and is not limited here.

[0095] Among them, if the first length period P1 is too small, the volume of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 is too small, the preparation difficulty and cost of the display panel 1 are high, and if the first length period P2 is too large, it is easy to cause the number of sub-pixel light-emitting units 12 to be too small, thereby reducing the imaging quality of the display panel 1.

[0096] When the first length period P1 satisfies 1μm≤P1≤100μm, the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 has a moderate size, the display panel 1 is easy to manufacture with low cost, and the number of sub-pixel light-emitting units 12 is moderate, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of the display panel 1.

[0097] The size of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 is between 1 μm and 100 μm, thereby reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 and saving costs. For example, the size of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 can be 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, etc. The specific size can be set according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0098] For further information, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the size W3 of the sub-pixel light emitting unit 12 is smaller than the first length period P1 , so as to ensure that the sub-pixel light emitting units 12 can be arranged in an array on the substrate 11 .

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the height dimension H1 of the light shielding member 3 in the thickness direction Z of the display device 10 and the focal length f of the collimating and deflecting device satisfy the following: 0.5f≤H1≤2f. For example, the height dimension H1 of the display device 10 is 0.5f, 1.8f, f, 1.2f, 1.5f, 1.8f, 2f, etc. Of course, the height dimension H1 of the display device 10 can also be other values ​​within the range and can be set according to actual needs, and is not limited here.

[0100] In this embodiment, when the height dimension H1 of the light shielding member 3 in the thickness direction Z of the display device 10 satisfies 0.5f≤H1≤2f for the focal length f of the collimating and deflecting device 2, the collimating and deflecting device 2 can accurately adjust the phase of the light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy of the collimating and deflecting device 2 and further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device 10. However, if H1 is too large or too small, the collimating and deflecting device 2 will not be conducive to adjusting the light beams from the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12, and thus the overall brightness distribution of the display device 10 cannot be guaranteed.

[0101] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, along the thickness direction Z of the display device 10, the projected area of ​​the transparent portion 32 is larger than the projected area of ​​the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12, thereby preventing the light-shielding portion 31 from absorbing too much light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12, thereby ensuring sufficient brightness of the display device 10.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the spacing between the central axis of the shading component 3, the central axis of the collimating and deflecting device 2, and the central axis of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 is less than or equal to 1 μm, thereby ensuring that the centers of the shading component 3, the collimating and deflecting device 2, and the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 are roughly aligned, further preventing crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units 12, improving the accuracy of light phase adjustment, and further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device 10 within the user's viewing angle range. In addition, this structural arrangement can also improve the fault tolerance of the display device 10, further reduce the difficulty of manufacturing, and save costs.

[0103] In a specific embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, along a first direction X of the display device 10, the dimension W1 of the collimating and deflecting device and the first length period P1 satisfy the following relationship: W1 / P1 ≥ 90%. For example, W1 / P1 is 90%, 92%, 94%, 96%, 98%, 100%, etc., and can be set according to actual needs without limitation. Of course, W1 / P1 can also be other values ​​within the above range without limitation. The first direction X can be a length direction or a width direction substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the display device 10, without limitation.

[0104] like Figure 5As shown, if W1 / P1 is too small, for example, W1 / P1 is less than 90%, the collimating and deflecting device 2 is not easy to cover all the light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12, the area of ​​the collimating and deflecting device 2 used to adjust the light is too small, and the spacing distance between adjacent collimating and deflecting devices 2 is too large. The light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 is easy to be emitted from the spacing between two adjacent collimating and deflecting devices 2 when passing through the collimating and deflecting device 2, thereby easily generating stray light, reducing the light adjustment function of the collimating and deflecting device 2, and easily generating sidelobe distribution in the light intensity distribution.

[0105] In this embodiment, when the size W1 of the collimating deflection device and the first length period P1 satisfy W1 / P1≥90%, the collimating deflection device 2 can cover all the light from the corresponding sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 passing through the light-transmitting portion 32. The area of ​​the collimating deflection device 2 used to adjust the light is large, and the spacing distance between adjacent collimating deflection devices 2 is small. The light emitted through the light-transmitting portion 32 is not easily emitted from the spacing between adjacent collimating deflection devices 2, thereby reducing stray light and avoiding the generation of sidelobe effects in the brightness distribution, further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device 10, and improving the imaging quality of the display device 10.

[0106] For example, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when W1 / P1 is 100%, adjacent collimating and deflecting devices 2 are closely arranged. At this time, the coverage area of ​​the collimating and deflecting devices 2 is maximized, and light is less likely to pass through the edge of the collimating and deflecting devices 2, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of phase discontinuity of light at the edge of the collimating and deflecting devices 2.

[0107] Please refer to Figures 6 to 11 , Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collimating deflection device. Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collimating deflection device. Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collimating deflection device.

[0108] In the above embodiments, for example, the collimating deflection device 2 may be as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 The microlens or Fresnel lens shown in FIG. , for example, the collimating deflection device 2 can also be as shown in FIG. Figure 8 and Figure 9The liquid crystal lens shown in FIG, exemplarily, exemplarily, the collimating deflection device 2 can also be as follows Figure 10 and Figure 11 The diffraction optical element in the display device 10 can be used to improve the design freedom of the display device 10, and can be specifically set according to actual needs. Of course, the collimating and deflecting device 2 can also be other optical elements that can achieve phase regulation, which is not limited here.

[0109] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the deflection phase of the light passing through the collimating deflection device 2 is Where λ is the wavelength of the corresponding sub-pixel, f is the focal length of the collimating deflection device 2, α is the deflection angle of the light on the XZ plane, β is the deflection angle of the light on the YZ plane, and k is a positive integer. In the approximate case, it can be

[0110] Among them, the Z axis is the propagation direction of light and is also the thickness direction of the display device 10. One of the X axis and the Y axis can be the length direction of the display device 10, and the other is the width direction. The X axis, Y axis, and Z axis are approximately perpendicular to each other.

[0111] For ease of understanding, the following description takes the first direction as the X-axis direction and the light is deflected only in the XZ plane as an example.

[0112] In a specific embodiment, Figures 6 to 9 As shown, a side surface of the collimating and deflecting device 2 close to the sub-pixel light emitting unit 12 has a center point O. Along the first direction X of the display device, the optical axis I of the collimating and deflecting device 2 is relatively offset from the center point O.

[0113] In this embodiment, the optical axis I of the collimating and deflecting device 2 deviates from the center O, causing the convergence point of the light to also shift, thereby increasing the deflection angle α of the light passing through the collimating and deflecting device 2 and improving the control range of the collimating and deflecting device 2 on the light phase.

[0114] In a specific embodiment, Figures 6 to 9 As shown, along the direction from the center to the edge of the display panel 1, the offset Δx between the optical axis I of the collimating and deflecting device 2 and the center point O gradually increases.

[0115] In this embodiment, the larger the relative offset Δx between the optical axis I and the center point O of the collimating deflection device 2, the larger the deflection angle α of the light passing through the collimating deflection device 2, the larger the control range of the light phase, and the higher the control accuracy. Figure 2The arrangement in which the chief ray inclination angle CRA increases along the direction from the center to the edge of the display panel 1, and the offset Δx between the optical axis I and the center point O of the collimating and deflecting device 2 gradually increases along the direction from the center to the edge of the display panel 1, can adjust the phase of light emitted by the sub-pixel light-emitting units 12 at different positions, thereby improving the control accuracy of the light phase and further improving the brightness uniformity of the display device 10.

[0116] Wherein, Δx / f=α.

[0117] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the collimating and deflecting device 2 is an eccentric lens. This simple structure can further reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the display device 10 and save costs. For example, the collimating and deflecting device 2 can be an eccentric lens such as an eccentric spherical lens, an eccentric aspherical lens, or an eccentric Fresnel lens, which is not limited here.

[0118] The geometric profile of the surface of the collimating deflection device 2 away from the sub-pixel light emitting unit 12 satisfies Where n is the refractive index of the material of the collimating deflection device 2, and is generally in the range of 1.5 to 2.0. That is, the curvature of the geometric profile of the surface of the collimating deflection device 2 away from the sub-pixel light-emitting unit 12 is related to the deflection phase of the light passing through the collimating deflection device 2. Directly proportional.

[0119] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in another specific embodiment, the collimating and deflecting device 2 is a decentered liquid crystal lens.

[0120] Optical lenses are made of the same material with a fixed refractive index. The differences in lens surface thickness create a focusing effect due to differences in the optical path length of light. Liquid crystal lenses, on the other hand, are designed and manufactured using the optical properties of liquid crystal materials. They primarily alter the path and focal length of light by changing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby regulating the focus of light. Therefore, when the collimating and deflecting device 2 is a liquid crystal lens, it can be configured according to the light phase adjustment requirements of the corresponding sub-pixel light-emitting element 12, providing greater adjustment freedom.

[0121] Among them, such as Figure 9 As shown, when the collimating deflection device 2 is a decentered liquid crystal lens, the phase delay curve e satisfies Where Δn is the birefringence difference of the liquid crystal lens material, Δn=ne-no<1, where n o and n eare the refractive indices of ordinary light and extraordinary light of liquid crystal respectively. That is, the curvature of the phase delay curve e is related to the deflection phase of the light passing through the collimating deflection device 2. Directly proportional.

[0122] For example, Figure 9 As shown, when the collimating deflection device 2 is an eccentric liquid crystal lens, it includes an upper substrate 23, a lower substrate 24, liquid crystal molecules 25, and a voltage electrode 26. The liquid crystal molecules 25 and the voltage electrode 26 are arranged between the upper substrate 23 and the lower substrate 24. The upper substrate 23 and the lower substrate 24 can be glass substrates. In this structure, the long axis and short axis of the liquid crystal molecules 25 can be adjusted by adjusting the applied voltage of the voltage electrode 26, so that the eccentric liquid crystal lens has a desired phase delay curve e. Figure 8 The phase delay curve e can be determined according to the deflection angle α of the light in the XZ plane, and then the magnitude of the voltage applied by the pressure electrode can be determined according to the phase delay curve e, thereby achieving precise control of the liquid crystal molecules 25, so that the eccentric liquid crystal lens has the required phase delay curve e, and the phase of the light is adjusted.

[0123] Among them, such as Figure 9 As shown, the number of voltage-applying electrodes 26 in the collimating and deflecting device 2 is at least two, thereby enabling effective adjustment of the liquid crystal molecules. In the embodiment of the present application, three voltage-applying electrodes 26 are provided. By controlling the magnitudes of the voltages V1, V2, and V3 applied by the three voltage-applying electrodes 26, the long and short axes of multiple liquid crystal molecules can be rapidly adjusted, thereby improving adjustment efficiency.

[0124] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in another specific embodiment, the collimating and deflecting device 2 is a super lens.

[0125] A metalens is a diffractive optical element. Also known as a meta-lens, a metalens is a two-dimensional planar lens structure. It is made of a metasurface. Compared to traditional lenses, metalens offer advantages such as thinner size, lighter weight, lower cost, better imaging, and easier integration, facilitating the miniaturization and lightweight design of the display device 10.

[0126] like Figure 11 As shown, the collimating and deflecting device 2 includes a substrate 22 and a plurality of super lens units 21 arranged in two dimensions according to a second length period P2 on the substrate 22 .

[0127] The substrate 22 may be a glass substrate or other highly transparent dielectric material substrate. The thickness of the substrate 22 may be 100 μm to 500 μm, and may be set according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0128] like Figure 11As shown, along the first direction X of the display device 10 , the sizes of the super lens unit 21 are different.

[0129] In this embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, along the first direction X of the display device 10, the sizes of the super lens units 21 are different, so that the collimating and deflecting device 2 has a certain phase gradient, so that the light can be deflected after passing through the collimating and deflecting device 2, thereby realizing the phase adjustment effect on the light.

[0130] In a specific embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, along the direction from the center area to the edge area of ​​the substrate 22, the size of the super lens unit 21 can gradually decrease or increase in an arithmetic progression or a geometric progression, so that the collimating and deflecting device 2 can achieve phase adjustment of light at different angles. The specific setting can be made according to actual needs and is not limited here. Figure 11 In the specific embodiment shown, the size of the super lens unit 21 gradually decreases from the central area to the edge area of ​​the substrate 22, so that the light passing through the collimating and deflecting device 2 can be deflected, thereby achieving a phase adjustment effect on the light.

[0131] In a specific embodiment, Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, relative to the center position of the substrate, the tolerances or common ratios of the super lens units 21 on both sides are different, so that the phase gradients formed by the super lens units 21 on both sides are different, so that the optical axis of the collimating deflection device 2 is offset relative to the center, thereby increasing the deflection angle α of the light passing through the collimating deflection device 2, and improving the control range of the collimating deflection device 2 on the light phase.

[0132] Among them, the phase of the collimating deflection device 2 satisfies That is, the phase gradient of the collimating and deflecting device 2 is proportional to the deflection phase of the light passing through the collimating and deflecting device 2 .

[0133] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of part of the structure of the collimating deflection device. Figure 12 As shown, in a specific embodiment, along the thickness direction Z of the display device 10, the height dimension H2 of the super lens unit 21 satisfies: H2 ≥ 50 nm. For example, the height dimension H2 of the super lens unit 21 can be 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, etc., and can be set according to actual needs. Of course, H2 can also be other values ​​within the range, and this is not limited here.

[0134] In this embodiment, when the height dimension H2 of the super lens unit 21 is too small, for example, H2 < 50 nm, the light deflection efficiency of the super lens unit 21 is too low, which is not conducive to improving the imaging quality of the display device 10. Therefore, when the height dimension H2 of the super lens unit 21 satisfies H2 ≥ 50 nm, the light deflection efficiency of the super lens unit 21 is high, thereby being able to adjust the phase of the light, reduce stray light, and improve the brightness uniformity of the display device 10.

[0135] In a specific embodiment, Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the distance between the centers of two adjacent super lens units 21 is a second length period P2, where P2 ≥ 50 nm. The second length period P2 can be 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, etc., and can be set according to actual needs. Of course, P2 can also be other values ​​within the range, and is not limited here.

[0136] In this embodiment, when the second length period P2 is too small, for example, P2 < 50 nm, the collimating and deflecting device 2 becomes difficult to manufacture, which increases the manufacturing cost and makes it difficult to achieve a phase gradient. Therefore, when the second length period P2 satisfies P2 ≥ 50 nm, the manufacturing difficulty of the collimating and deflecting device 2 is reduced, saving costs, and it is easier to achieve a phase gradient in the collimating and deflecting device 2, thereby achieving phase adjustment of light.

[0137] In a specific embodiment, along the first direction X of the display device 10, the size W2 of the super lens unit 21 and the second length period P2 satisfy the following relationship: W2 / P2 ≥ 10%. For example, W2 / P2 can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, etc., and can be set according to actual needs. Of course, W2 / P2 can also be other values ​​within the range, and this is not limited here.

[0138] If W2 / P2 is too small, for example, W2 / P2 < 10%, the size of the metalens unit 21 in the first direction X is too small, making it difficult to deflect light. Therefore, when the size W2 of the metalens unit 21 and the second length period P2 satisfy W2 / P2 ≥ 10%, the metasurface unit 21 can reliably deflect light, thereby improving the reliability of the collimating and deflecting device 2, facilitating fabrication, and further reducing costs.

[0139] In a specific embodiment, the material of the super lens unit 21 is one of high refractive index dielectric materials such as TiO2, Si3N4, SiN, etc., so as to improve the brightness and imaging effect of the display device 10. Of course, the material of the super lens unit 21 can also be other high refractive index dielectric materials, which can be set according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 The cross-sectional shape of the super lens unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown in (a) to (d), the cross-sectional shape of the super lens unit 21 can be an octagon, a square, a rectangle or a circle. Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the super lens unit 21 can also be a polygon such as a pentagon or a hexagon or an irregular shape. The specific design can be based on the design requirements and is not limited here.

[0141] In this specification, reference can be made to the same or similar parts between the various embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiment and the terminal embodiment, since they are basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description in the method embodiment.

[0142] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application shall be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that: include: A display panel (1), comprising a substrate (11) and a sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12) arranged on the substrate (11); a collimating deflection device (2), the collimating deflection device (2) being arranged on a side of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12) away from the substrate (11) and being used to adjust the phase of light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12); a light shielding component (3), the light shielding component (3) being arranged between the sub-pixel light emitting unit (12) and the collimating deflection device (2), the light shielding component (3) comprising a light shielding portion (31) and a light transmitting portion (32), the light shielding portion (31) being arranged outside the light transmitting portion (32); The light-transmitting portion (32) and the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12) are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction of the display device (10), and the light-shielding portion (31) is used to absorb light generated by the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12).

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The display panel (1) comprises a plurality of sub-pixel light-emitting units (12), wherein the plurality of sub-pixel light-emitting units (12) are two-dimensionally arranged on the substrate (11) according to a first length period; the distance between the centers of two adjacent sub-pixel light-emitting units (12) is the first length period P1, 1 μm≤P1≤100 μm; A plurality of the light shielding components (3) and the collimating and deflecting devices (2) are provided, and the plurality of light shielding components (3) and the plurality of collimating and deflecting devices (2) correspond one-to-one to the sub-pixel light emitting units (12).

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The height dimension H1 of the light shielding component (3) in the thickness direction of the display device (10) and the focal length f of the collimating and deflecting device (2) satisfy the following relationship: 0.5f≤H1≤2f.

4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein Along the thickness direction of the display device (10), the projection area of ​​the light-transmitting portion (32) is larger than the projection area of ​​the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12).

5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The light-transmitting portion (32) is made of a transparent dielectric material or a through hole.

6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The light-shielding portion (31) is made of a light-absorbing material.

7. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The spacing between the central axis of the light-shielding component (3), the central axis of the collimating deflection device (2), and the central axis of the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12) is less than or equal to 1 μm.

8. The display device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: Along the first direction of the display device (10), the size W1 of the collimating deflection device (2) and the first length period P1 satisfy: W1 / P1≥90%.

9. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The collimating deflection device (2) has a center point on a side surface close to the sub-pixel light-emitting unit (12); Along a first direction of the display device (10), the optical axis of the collimating and deflecting device (2) is relatively offset from the center point.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein: Along the direction from the center to the edge of the display panel (1), the relative offset between the optical axis of the collimating deflection device (2) and the center point gradually increases.

11. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The collimating deflection device (2) comprises a substrate (22) and a plurality of super lens units (21) arranged on the substrate (22) and arranged in two dimensions according to a second length period; Along a first direction of the display device (10), the sizes of the super lens unit (21) are different.

12. The display device according to claim 11, wherein Along the thickness direction of the display device (10), the height dimension of the super lens unit (21) is H2, and H2 is ≥ 50 nm.

13. The display device according to claim 11, wherein The distance between the centers of two adjacent super lens units (21) is a second length period P2, where P2 is ≥ 50 nm.

14. The display device according to claim 13, wherein: Along the first direction of the display device (10), the size W2 of the super lens unit (21) and the second length period P2 satisfy: W2 / P2≥10%.

15. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The collimating and deflecting device (2) is one of a microlens, a Fresnel lens, a liquid crystal lens or a diffraction optical element.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises an optical component (20) and a display device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the optical component (20) is arranged on a side of the display device (10) having a collimating deflection device (2).

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