Ball screw pair reverser cylindrical grinding positioning jig and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of polishing machining, and particularly relates to a ball screw pair reverser cylindrical grinding positioning jig and a using method thereof.The ball screw pair reverser cylindrical grinding positioning jig comprises a base, a motor and a mounting shaft, the motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the base, one end of the mounting shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, and the ball screw pair reverser cylindrical grinding positioning jig further comprises a pushing mechanism; the motor is arranged at the top of the base and far away from the motor; and the two-end positioning mechanism is arranged on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft and the tail end of the pushing mechanism, and the two-end positioning mechanism is used for positioning the two ends of the reverser. Self-adaptive positioning of inverters of different sizes is achieved through the positioning mechanisms at the two ends, meanwhile, the inner walls of the inverters are accurately clamped by means of magnetic linkage of the electromagnetic positioning mechanism and the magnetic flux mechanism, in addition, the rotating stability during polishing and grinding is improved through the pushing mechanism and the coaxiality jacking sleeve, automatic control is integrated through the PLC, and the polishing efficiency is improved. Therefore, the cylindrical grinding positioning and machining of the reverser can be efficiently and reliably completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of polishing processing, and in particular relates to a cylindrical grinding positioning fixture for a ball screw pair reverser and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical transmission, the internal circulation reverser is a key component of the ball screw pair, mainly used to guide the balls to circulate in the threaded raceway. Its assembly accuracy is crucial to the transmission smoothness, noise and life of the screw pair. At present, the outer circle of the cylindrical internal circulation reverser needs to form a high-precision fit with the nut mounting groove (such as interference fit or clearance fit) to ensure the circumferential positioning accuracy of the reverser in the nut and avoid the deviation of the ball circulation path. Therefore, a high-precision polishing and grinding device is required. However, the positioning fixture is a key component of the polishing and grinding device. For example, announcement No. CN218082177U discloses a ball screw pair reverser outer circle grinding positioning fixture.

[0003] Existing positioning fixtures are mostly designed for reversers of a single specification, such as positioning sleeves with fixed apertures, which are difficult to adapt to the processing needs of reversers of different diameters. When the product specifications are changed, the fixture needs to be replaced as a whole, resulting in low production efficiency and high cost. In addition, during the polishing and grinding process of the reverser, if the positioning fixture cannot accurately locate the axis of the reverser, it is easy to cause coaxial deviation of the reverser during the rotating external cylindrical grinding process, resulting in eccentricity when the reverser and the nut are installed, affecting the accuracy of the ball circulation trajectory.

[0004] To this end, a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture and a use method thereof are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture and a method of using the same in order to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture, comprising a base, a motor and a mounting shaft, wherein the motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the base, and one end of the mounting shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and further comprising: A pushing mechanism is provided on the top of the base and away from the motor; Two-end positioning mechanisms are provided on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft and the end of the pushing mechanism, and the two-end positioning mechanisms are used to position the two ends of the reverser; An electromagnetic positioning mechanism is provided on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft, and the electromagnetic positioning mechanism is located inside the reverser and is in contact with the inner wall thereof; A magnetic flux mechanism is provided at the end of the pushing mechanism, an insertion opening is provided at the end of the installation shaft, and the magnetic flux mechanism is located inside the insertion opening of the installation shaft; The PLC controller is fixedly arranged on the top of the base, and the motor, the pushing mechanism and the magnetic mechanism are all electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0007] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a support plate fixedly arranged on the top of the base, a cylinder is fixedly provided on the side of the support plate, a fixed block is fixedly provided on the movable end of the cylinder, two fixed rods are symmetrically fixedly provided on the side wall of the fixed block, and the same fixed disk is fixedly provided on one end of the two fixed rods away from the fixed block, and a coaxial pushing sleeve is provided inside the fixed disk for rotation through a bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning mechanisms at both ends include a plurality of elastic rods fixedly arranged on the side walls of the fixed plate, and the plurality of elastic rods are rotatably provided with a same movable positioning plate at one end away from the fixed plate, and the movable positioning plate is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting shaft, and the fixed positioning plate on the mounting shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic rod includes a sleeve fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixed plate, a movable rod is provided inside the sleeve, a first spring is fixed between one end of the movable rod and the inner wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable positioning plate.

[0010] Preferably, the electromagnetic positioning mechanism includes a plurality of arc-shaped positioning plates arranged around the mounting shaft, and two telescopic rods are symmetrically fixed between the surface of the arc-shaped positioning plate and the shaft wall of the mounting shaft, the rod wall of the telescopic rod is sleeved with a second spring, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped positioning plate and the mounting shaft, and a permanent magnet block is fixed on the surface of the arc-shaped positioning plate.

[0011] Preferably, an annular magnetic conductive sleeve is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the installation shaft, and the plurality of arc-shaped positioning plates are all located on the periphery of the annular magnetic conductive sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetizing mechanism includes a fixing seat fixedly arranged on the two fixing rods, a fixing tube is fixedly provided in the middle of the fixing seat, the tube wall of the fixing tube passes through the interior of the coaxial top sleeve, and an electromagnetic magnet column is fixedly provided at the end of the fixing tube extending to the interior of the installation shaft extension entrance.

[0013] A method for using a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Initially position the reverser and tighten it against both ends. Operate the PLC controller to activate the cylinder of the push mechanism. The cylinder extends, driving the fixed block, fixed rod, fixed plate, and coaxial push sleeve toward the installation axis. Simultaneously, the fixed tube and electromagnetic column on the fixed seat follow the movement. The electromagnetic column is inserted into the insertion port at the end of the installation axis. The movable positioning plate moves with the fixed plate and fits onto the installation axis, contacting the other end of the reverser. At this time, the movable positioning plate compresses the movable rod of the elastic rod, causing the first spring to contract, completing the elastic tightening and positioning of the two ends of the reverser. S2. The stability of the mounting shaft end is reinforced. During the positioning process at both ends, the coaxial push sleeve precisely matches the mounting shaft end through the positioning guide groove on the side wall, increasing the support stability of the mounting shaft end. At the same time, the electromagnetic column moves into the interior of the annular magnetic sleeve on the mounting shaft. After the coaxial push sleeve and the mounting shaft are tightly pressed, the cylinder stops, completing the mechanical positioning installation. S3. The electromagnetic positioning mechanism clamps the inner wall of the reverser. The PLC controller is operated to power on the electromagnetic column. When energized, the electromagnetic column generates a magnetic field, which exerts a magnetic repulsive force on the permanent magnet block on the periphery of the mounting shaft. The permanent magnet block drives the arc-shaped positioning plate to expand outward, overcoming the resistance of the second spring. The arc-shaped positioning plate is in close contact with the inner wall of the reverser, achieving adaptive clamping of the inner wall of the reverser. Step 4: Polish and grind the outer diameter of the reverser. The PLC controller is activated to control the motor, which rotates the mounting shaft. This in turn drives the positioned reverser. During rotation, the coaxiality sleeve reduces shaft shake, ensuring the reverser rotates with high coaxiality. At this point, the external polishing equipment grinds the reverser's outer wall. S5. After positioning is released and workpiece is disassembled and polishing is completed, the PLC controller stops the motor and disconnects the power supply of the electromagnetic column, controls the cylinder to retract, moves the positioning plate along with the fixed plate away from the installation shaft, separates the coaxial top sleeve from the end of the installation shaft, and removes the electromagnetic column from the insertion port. Finally, the staff removes the reverser from the installation shaft to complete the processing process.

[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through the setting of the two-end positioning mechanism, the fixed positioning plate and the movable positioning plate in the two-end positioning mechanism respectively contact the two ends of the reverser. The movable positioning plate compresses the first spring through the moving rod of the elastic rod to achieve elastic expansion and contraction, which can adapt to reversers of different lengths. The positioning of reversers of different lengths can be completed without changing the fixture, which solves the problem of low production change efficiency of traditional fixed aperture positioning sleeves.

[0015] 2. Through the electromagnetic positioning mechanism and the magnetic flux mechanism, the arc-shaped positioning plate of the electromagnetic positioning mechanism opens outward through the magnetic repulsion force between the permanent magnet block and the magnetic flux column. When it contacts the inner wall of the reverser, the second spring provides a buffering force, so that the arc-shaped positioning plate automatically adjusts the opening amplitude according to the inner diameter of the reverser, ensuring that the inner walls of reversers of different specifications can be tightly positioned, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of positioning and clamping.

[0016] 3. Through the setting of the pushing mechanism, the coaxiality pushing sleeve of the pushing mechanism matches the end of the installation shaft through the positioning guide groove and pushes, and cooperates with the annular magnetic sleeve to support the end of the installation shaft, thereby reducing the shaking of the installation shaft during polishing and grinding, and controlling the coaxiality error of the reverser rotation within a smaller range, thereby improving the accuracy of the outer circle polishing of the reverser and avoiding the deviation of the ball circulation track caused by eccentricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a cylindrical grinding positioning fixture for a ball screw pair reverser provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the two-end positioning mechanism of the cylindrical grinding positioning fixture for installing the shaft end of a ball screw pair reverser provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an electromagnetic positioning mechanism for the end portion of an external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture for a ball screw pair reverser provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a magnetic mechanism of a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an elastic rod of an external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture of a ball screw pair reverser provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the connection between the installation shaft, electromagnetic positioning mechanism and magnetic flux mechanism of a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture provided by the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1 base, 2 motor, 3 mounting shaft, 4 pushing mechanism, 41 support plate, 42 cylinder, 43 fixed block, 44 fixed rod, 45 fixed plate, 46 coaxial push sleeve, 5 two end positioning mechanism, 51 elastic rod, 52 movable positioning plate, 53 fixed positioning plate, 511 sleeve, 512 movable rod, 513 first spring, 6 electromagnetic positioning mechanism, 61 arc positioning plate, 62 telescopic rod, 63 second spring, 64 permanent magnet block, 65 annular magnetic sleeve, 7 magnetic transmission mechanism, 71 fixed seat, 72 fixed pipe, 73 electromagnetic column, 8 PLC controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture includes a base 1, a motor 2 and a mounting shaft 3. The motor 2 is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the base 1, and one end of the mounting shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 2. It also includes: The pushing mechanism 4 is arranged at the top of the base 1 and away from the side of the motor 2. The pushing mechanism 4 includes a support plate 41 fixedly arranged on the top of the base 1, a cylinder 42 is fixedly provided on the side of the support plate 41, and a fixed block 43 is fixedly provided at the movable end of the cylinder 42. Two fixed rods 44 are symmetrically fixed on the side wall of the fixed block 43, and the two fixed rods 44 are fixed with the same fixed disk 45 at one end away from the fixed block 43. The interior of the fixed disk 45 is provided with a coaxial push sleeve 46 that rotates through a bearing. When the cylinder 42 is extended, it drives the fixed block 43, the fixed rod 44, the fixed disk 45 and the coaxial push sleeve 46 to move, so that the coaxial push sleeve 46 contacts the end of the installation shaft 3 (the side wall of the coaxial push sleeve 46 is provided with a positioning guide groove that matches the end of the installation shaft 3), completing the pushing of the end of the installation shaft 3, and increasing the stability of the end of the installation shaft 3.

[0021] The positioning mechanisms 5 at both ends are arranged on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3 and the end of the pushing mechanism 4, and the positioning mechanisms 5 at both ends are used to position the two ends of the reverser. The positioning mechanisms 5 at both ends include a plurality of elastic rods 51 fixedly arranged on the side walls of the fixed plate 45, and the plurality of elastic rods 51 are rotatably provided with a same movable positioning plate 52 at one end away from the fixed plate 45, and the movable positioning plate 52 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting shaft 3 and the fixed positioning plate 53 on the mounting shaft 3; the elastic rod 51 includes a sleeve 511 fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixed plate 45, and a movable rod 512 is provided inside the sleeve 511. A first spring 513 is fixed between one end of the movable rod 512 and the inner wall of the sleeve 511, and the other end of the movable rod 512 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable positioning plate 52; the movable positioning plate 52 is sleeved on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3 and contacts the reverser. At the same time, the other end of the reverser is limited by the fixed positioning plate 53, so that the two ends of the reverser are positioned under the action of the movable positioning plate 52 and the fixed positioning plate 53.

[0022] The electromagnetic positioning mechanism 6 is arranged on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3, and the electromagnetic positioning mechanism 6 is located inside the reverser and is in contact with its inner wall. The electromagnetic positioning mechanism 6 includes a plurality of arc-shaped positioning plates 61 arranged around the mounting shaft 3, and two telescopic rods 62 are symmetrically fixed between the surface of the arc-shaped positioning plate 61 and the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3. The rod wall of the telescopic rod 62 is provided with a second spring 63, and the two ends of the second spring 63 are fixedly connected to the arc-shaped positioning plate 61 and the mounting shaft 3 respectively. The surface of the arc-shaped positioning plate 61 is fixed to the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3. A permanent magnet block 64 is fixed on the surface, and an annular magnetic sleeve 65 is fixedly embedded on the side wall of the mounting shaft 3. Multiple arc-shaped positioning plates 61 are located on the periphery of the annular magnetic sleeve 65. The annular magnetic sleeve 65 can ensure that the magnetic force can pass through the mounting shaft 3 during high-speed rotation, so that the magnetic force can continue to act on the permanent magnet block 64, so that the permanent magnet block 64 can be magnetically pushed outward. When the magnetism of the permanent magnet block 64 disappears, the elastic force of the second spring 63 causes the arc-shaped positioning plate 61 to compress the telescopic rod 62 and shrink it on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3.

[0023] The magnetizing mechanism 7 is arranged at the end of the pushing mechanism 4, and an insertion opening is opened at the end of the mounting shaft 3. The magnetizing mechanism 7 is located inside the insertion opening of the mounting shaft 3. The magnetizing mechanism 7 includes a fixing seat 71 fixedly arranged on two fixing rods 44. A fixing tube 72 is fixedly provided in the middle of the fixing seat 71. The tube wall of the fixing tube 72 passes through the interior of the coaxial top sleeve 46, and the end of the fixing tube 72 is fixedly provided with an electromagnetic column 73 extending to the interior of the insertion opening of the mounting shaft 3. When the power supply of the electromagnetic column 73 is turned on and current is passed into the electromagnetic column 73, a magnetic repulsion force will be generated on the multiple permanent magnet blocks 64 outside the mounting shaft 3. The interior of the fixed tube 72 is used to pass the wire connected to the electromagnetic column 73.

[0024] The PLC controller 8 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 1 , and the motor 2 , the pushing mechanism 4 and the magnetic mechanism 7 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller 8 .

[0025] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: the staff first puts the reverser on the shaft wall of the installation shaft 3 so that one end of the reverser contacts the fixed positioning plate 53. Then, the PLC controller 8 is operated to start the cylinder 42. When the cylinder 42 extends, it drives the fixed block 43, the fixed rod 44, the fixed plate 45 and the coaxial top sleeve 46 to move, and at the same time drives the fixed tube 72 and the electromagnetic column 73 on the fixed seat 71 to move. First, the electromagnetic column 73 is inserted into the insertion opening of the installation shaft 3. Then, the movable positioning plate 52 is put on the shaft wall of the installation shaft 3 and contacts the other end of the reverser to complete the positioning of the two ends of the reverser. When the movable positioning plate 52 contacts the reverser, it compresses one end of the movable rod 512, so that the other end of the movable rod 512 compresses the first spring 513, so that the movable positioning plate 52 has an elastic expansion and contraction function, so that the fixed positioning plate 53 and the movable positioning plate 52 can be suitable for the positioning and installation of reversers of different sizes. During the positioning process at both ends, the coaxial push sleeve 46 contacts the end of the installation shaft 3 (the side wall of the coaxial push sleeve 46 is provided with a positioning guide groove that matches the end of the installation shaft 3), completing the pushing of the end of the installation shaft 3 and increasing the stability of the end of the installation shaft 3. At the same time, the electromagnetic column 73 moves into the interior of the annular magnetic conductive sleeve 65. After all the above components are in place, the cylinder 42 stops operating. Subsequently, the staff operates the PLC controller 8 to turn on the power of the electromagnetic column 73. When current is passed into the electromagnetic column 73, a magnetic repulsive force is generated on the multiple permanent magnets 64 on the outside of the installation shaft 3. Under the action of the magnetic repulsive force, the multiple permanent magnets 64 overcome the external force of the second spring 63 and move outward, driving the multiple arc-shaped positioning plates 61 to open outward and contact the inner wall of the reverser, thereby quickly positioning the reverser on the shaft of the installation shaft 3. If reversers of different sizes are installed, the outward opening distances of the multiple arc-shaped positioning plates 61 will be correspondingly different, thereby being suitable for the installation of reversers of different sizes. After the reverser is positioned and installed, the staff operates the PLC controller 8 to start the motor 2. The operation of the motor 2 drives the installation shaft 3 to rotate. The installation shaft 3 simultaneously drives the reverser positioned on the shaft wall to rotate, and the outer wall of the reverser is polished. During the polishing process, the end of the installation shaft 3 is pushed by the coaxiality push sleeve 46, which increases the stability of the rotation of the installation shaft 3, avoids large shaking and floating of the end of the installation shaft 3, improves the coaxiality of the reverser rotation, and thus improves the accuracy of the polishing of the reverser. After polishing and grinding are completed, the staff operates the PLC controller 8 to stop the operation of the motor 2 and disconnect the power supply of the electromagnetic column 73. At the same time, the cylinder 42 is controlled to retract, so that the movable positioning plate 52 is removed from the shaft wall of the mounting shaft 3, the coaxiality top sleeve 46 is separated from the end of the mounting shaft 3, and the electromagnetic column 73 is taken out from the insertion port at the end of the mounting shaft 3. Finally, the staff removes the reverser from the mounting shaft 3.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture, comprising a base (1), a motor (2) and a mounting shaft (3), wherein the motor (2) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the base (1), and one end of the mounting shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A pushing mechanism (4) is arranged on the top of the base (1) and on a side away from the motor (2); Two-end positioning mechanisms (5) are provided on the shaft wall of the installation shaft (3) and the end of the pushing mechanism (4), and the two-end positioning mechanisms (5) are used to position the two ends of the reverser; An electromagnetic positioning mechanism (6) is arranged on the shaft wall of the mounting shaft (3), and the electromagnetic positioning mechanism (6) is located inside the reverser and is arranged in contact with the inner wall thereof; A magnetic flux mechanism (7) is arranged at the end of the pushing mechanism (4); an insertion opening is provided at the end of the installation shaft (3); and the magnetic flux mechanism (7) is located inside the insertion opening of the installation shaft (3); A PLC controller (8) is fixedly arranged on the top of the base (1), and the motor (2), the pushing mechanism (4) and the magnetic flux mechanism (7) are all electrically connected to the PLC controller (8).

2. The ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (4) includes a support plate (41) fixedly arranged on the top of the base (1), a cylinder (42) fixedly arranged on the side of the support plate (41), a fixed block (43) fixedly arranged on the movable end of the cylinder (42), two fixed rods (44) symmetrically fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixed block (43), and a same fixed disk (45) fixedly arranged at one end of the two fixed rods (44) away from the fixed block (43), and a coaxial push sleeve (46) is provided inside the fixed disk (45) for rotation via a bearing.

3. The ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two-end positioning mechanism (5) includes a plurality of elastic rods (51) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixed plate (45), and the plurality of elastic rods (51) are rotatably provided with a same movable positioning plate (52) at one end away from the fixed plate (45), and the movable positioning plate (52) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the installation shaft (3), and the fixed positioning plate (53) on the installation shaft (3).

4. The ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic rod (51) includes a sleeve (511) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixed plate (45), a moving rod (512) is provided inside the sleeve (511), a first spring (513) is fixedly provided between one end of the moving rod (512) and the inner wall of the sleeve (511), and the other end of the moving rod (512) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable positioning plate (52).

5. The ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic positioning mechanism (6) includes a plurality of arc-shaped positioning plates (61) arranged around the installation shaft (3), and two telescopic rods (62) are symmetrically fixed between the surface of the arc-shaped positioning plates (61) and the shaft wall of the installation shaft (3), the rod wall of the telescopic rod (62) is provided with a second spring (63), and the two ends of the second spring (63) are respectively fixedly connected to the arc-shaped positioning plates (61) and the installation shaft (3), and a permanent magnet block (64) is fixedly provided on the surface of the arc-shaped positioning plates (61).

6. The ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular magnetic conductive sleeve (65) is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the installation shaft (3), and the plurality of arc-shaped positioning plates (61) are all located on the periphery of the annular magnetic conductive sleeve (65).

7. The ball screw pair reverser external cylindrical grinding positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic flux mechanism (7) comprises a fixing seat (71) fixedly arranged on the two fixing rods (44), a fixing tube (72) fixedly arranged in the middle of the fixing seat (71), the tube wall of the fixing tube (72) passing through the interior of the coaxial top sleeve (46), and a magnetic flux column (73) extending to the interior of the insertion opening of the installation shaft (3) fixedly arranged at the end of the fixing tube (72).

8. A method for using the cylindrical grinding positioning fixture for the ball screw pair reverser according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. The reverser is initially positioned and pressed against both ends. The PLC controller (8) is operated to start the cylinder (42) of the push mechanism (4). The cylinder (42) is extended to drive the fixed block (43), the fixed rod (44), the fixed plate (45) and the coaxial top sleeve (46) to move in the direction of the installation shaft (3). At the same time, the fixed tube (72) and the electromagnetic column (73) on the fixed seat (71) follow the movement. The electromagnetic column (73) is inserted into the inlet at the end of the installation shaft (3). The mobile positioning plate (52) moves with the fixed plate (45) and is sleeved on the installation shaft (3), contacting the other end of the reverser. At this time, the mobile positioning plate (52) compresses the moving rod (512) of the elastic rod (51), causing the first spring (513) to be contracted under force, completing the elastic pressing and positioning of the two ends of the reverser. S2. The stability of the end of the installation shaft (3) is reinforced. During the positioning process at both ends, the coaxial top sleeve (46) is precisely matched with the end of the installation shaft (3) through the positioning guide groove on the side wall to push and increase the support stability of the end of the installation shaft (3). At the same time, the electromagnetic column (73) moves to the inside of the annular magnetic sleeve (65) on the installation shaft (3). After the coaxial top sleeve (46) and the installation shaft (3) are tightly pressed, the cylinder (42) stops moving and the mechanical positioning installation is completed; S3. The electromagnetic positioning mechanism (6) clamps the inner wall of the reverser, and the PLC controller (8) is operated to connect the power supply of the electromagnetic column (73). When the electromagnetic column (73) is energized, a magnetic field is generated, which generates a magnetic repulsive force on the permanent magnet block (64) on the periphery of the mounting shaft (3). The permanent magnet block (64) drives the arc-shaped positioning plate (61) to overcome the resistance of the second spring (63) and open outward, so that the arc-shaped positioning plate (61) is in close contact with the inner wall of the reverser, thereby realizing adaptive clamping of the inner wall of the reverser; S4. The outer diameter of the reverser is polished and ground. The PLC controller (8) is started to control the motor (2) to operate. The motor (2) drives the mounting shaft (3) to rotate. The mounting shaft (3) synchronously drives the reverser after positioning to rotate. During the rotation process, the coaxiality top sleeve (46) reduces the shaking of the mounting shaft (3) to ensure that the reverser rotates with high coaxiality. At this time, the external polishing equipment grinds the outer wall of the reverser. S5. After the positioning is released and the workpiece is disassembled and polishing is completed, the PLC controller (8) stops the operation of the motor (2) and disconnects the power supply of the electromagnetic column (73), controls the cylinder (42) to retract, moves the positioning plate (52) away from the mounting shaft (3) along with the fixed plate (45), separates the coaxial top sleeve (46) from the end of the mounting shaft (3), and removes the electromagnetic column (73) from the insertion port. Finally, the staff removes the deflector from the mounting shaft (3), completing the processing flow.

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