Battery pack management system

Abstract

A battery pack management system disclosed by the present invention comprises a power supply cut-off unit (1) and a main controller (2), the power supply cut-off unit (1) comprises a main positive relay (3), a main negative relay (4), a fuse (5) and a pre-charging relay (6), a lower shell of a battery pack is provided with five battery cell modules, and a buffer space is arranged between the adjacent battery cell modules. And the main negative relay (4) and the fuse (5) are arranged in the buffer space between the battery cell modules. The electrical safety and the space utilization efficiency of the battery pack management system can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a management system, in particular to a battery pack management system. Background Art

[0002] As vehicle range and battery pack energy density increase, the number of cells placed within power batteries is increasing, while the space available for other components is shrinking. Therefore, space utilization within power batteries has become a key design priority. At the same time, power batteries are becoming increasingly versatile, and ensuring safety while achieving these functions is a key design priority.

[0003] Currently, mainstream OEMs' battery pack management system layouts for front-engine, front-wheel-drive electric vehicles often place the battery disconnect unit and main controller upfront within the battery pack, with the high-voltage main positive and negative inputs and outputs also routed from the front of the pack via plug-ins. Furthermore, when the battery pack has an odd number of modules, a high-voltage connection will be created within the pack, extending from the last module's cell, through the side of the pack, to the front of the pack, where it connects to the battery pack management system. In the event of a vehicle collision, deformation of the front of the battery pack could cause a short circuit in the high-voltage circuit, potentially leading to thermal runaway of the battery pack and posing a safety hazard.

[0004] Similarly, some battery pack layout plans place the battery pack management system on the side of the battery pack module. However, under the condition of a side collision of the entire vehicle, the battery pack management system and high-voltage connections on the side of the battery pack are also easily affected and deformed, which may cause a short circuit and thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery pack management system to solve the technical problems in the prior art, which can effectively improve the electrical safety and space utilization efficiency of the battery pack management system.

[0006] The present invention provides a battery pack management system, including a power cut-off unit and a main controller. The power cut-off unit includes a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a fuse and a pre-charge relay. Five battery cell modules are provided on the lower shell of the battery pack. There is a buffer space between adjacent battery cell modules. The main negative relay and the fuse are both arranged in the buffer space between the battery cell modules.

[0007] In the aforementioned battery pack management system, preferably, the five battery modules are M2 battery module, M1 battery module, M5 battery module, M4 battery module and M3 battery module from left to right, respectively, the M1 battery module is connected to the M2 battery module through the first aluminum bus, the M2 battery module is connected to the M3 battery module through the second aluminum bus, the M3 battery module is connected to the M4 battery module through the third aluminum bus, the M4 battery module is connected to the M5 battery module through the fourth aluminum bus, the M5 battery module is connected to the high-voltage plug-in through the main positive connecting copper bus, and the M1 battery module is connected to the low-voltage communication plug-in through the main negative connecting copper bus.

[0008] In the aforementioned battery pack management system, preferably, the main negative connecting copper bus is connected to the fuse and the main negative relay respectively, and the fuse and the main negative relay are both arranged in the buffer space between the M1 battery cell module and the M5 battery cell module.

[0009] In the aforementioned battery pack management system, preferably, the main positive connecting copper bus is connected to the main positive relay, the pre-charge relay is connected in parallel to the main positive relay, and the main positive relay is located in the buffer space between the M5 battery cell module and the M4 battery cell module.

[0010] In the aforementioned battery pack management system, preferably, the second aluminum row and the fourth aluminum row are located at the same end, and the ends of the five battery cell modules are all provided with plastic end plates, and the plastic end plates are provided with first plastic positioning plates and second plastic positioning plates, and the height of the second plastic positioning plates is higher than the height of the first plastic positioning plates, and the second aluminum row and the fourth aluminum row are both provided with insulating sleeves, the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve on the second aluminum row contacts the top surface of the first plastic positioning plate, the top surface of the insulating sleeve on the second aluminum row contacts the bottom surface of the second plastic positioning plate, and the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve on the fourth aluminum row contacts the top surface of the second plastic positioning plate.

[0011] In the aforementioned battery pack management system, preferably, the main controller is fixed to a sheet metal bracket by bolts, and the sheet metal bracket is fixed to the lower shell.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention includes a power cut-off unit and a main controller. The power cut-off unit includes a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a fuse, and a pre-charge relay. Five battery modules are provided on the lower shell of the battery pack, with a buffer space between adjacent battery modules. The main negative relay and the fuse are both arranged in the buffer space between the battery modules. The present invention arranges both the main negative relay and the fuse in the buffer space between the battery modules. When the entire vehicle collides, even if the battery pack is deformed, it can effectively prevent short circuits and further prevent thermal runaway of the battery pack. In addition, more space is left on the sides and front of the battery pack, effectively improving the space utilization inside the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is an axonometric drawing of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of the main controller of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the high-voltage plug-in end of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first plastic positioning piece and the second plastic positioning piece of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: power cut-off unit 1, main controller 2, main positive relay 3, main negative relay 4, fuse 5, pre-charge relay 6, M2 battery module 7, M1 battery module 8, M5 battery module 9, M4 battery module 10, M3 battery module 11, first aluminum bar 12, second aluminum bar 13, third aluminum bar 14, fourth aluminum bar 15, main positive connecting copper bar 16, high-voltage plug-in 17, main negative connecting copper bar 18, low-voltage communication plug-in 19, plastic end plate 20, first plastic positioning piece 21, second plastic positioning piece 22, sheet metal bracket 23, first special cable tie for copper bar 24, second special cable tie for copper bar 25, third special cable tie for copper bar 26, lower shell crossbeam 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention: Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a battery pack management system includes a power cut-off unit 1 and a main controller 2. The power cut-off unit 1 includes a main positive relay 3, a main negative relay 4, a fuse 5 and a pre-charge relay 6. Five battery cell modules are provided on the lower shell of the battery pack. There is a buffer space between adjacent battery cell modules. The main negative relay 4 and the fuse 5 are both arranged in the buffer space between the battery cell modules.

[0020] The main positive relay 3, main negative relay 4, fuse 5, and pre-charge relay 6 are bolted to brackets provided on the lower housing. Placing the main negative relay 4 and fuse 5 within the buffer space between the cell modules saves space at the ends and sides, improving space utilization within the battery pack. Furthermore, even if the battery pack deforms during a collision, it is less likely to cause a short circuit, effectively preventing thermal runaway.

[0021] Specifically, in this embodiment, the five battery modules are, from left to right, M2 battery module 7, M1 battery module 8, M5 battery module 9, M4 battery module 10 and M3 battery module 11. The M1 battery module 8 is connected to the M2 battery module 7 through the first aluminum bus 12, the M2 battery module 7 is connected to the M3 battery module 11 through the second aluminum bus 13, the M3 battery module 11 is connected to the M4 battery module 10 through the third aluminum bus 14, the M4 battery module 10 is connected to the M5 battery module 9 through the fourth aluminum bus 15, the M5 battery module 9 is connected to the high-voltage plug-in 17 through the main positive connecting copper bus 16, and the M1 battery module 8 is connected to the low-voltage communication plug-in 19 through the main negative connecting copper bus 18.

[0022] The main negative connecting copper bar 18 is connected to the fuse 5 and the main negative relay 4 respectively. The fuse 5 and the main negative relay 4 are both arranged in the buffer space between the M1 battery module 8 and the M5 battery module 9.

[0023] The main positive connecting copper bar 16 is connected to the main positive relay 3 , the pre-charge relay 6 is connected in parallel to the main positive relay 3 , and the main positive relay 3 is located in the buffer space between the M5 battery module 9 and the M4 battery module 10 .

[0024] By placing the fuse 5 and main negative relay 4 in the buffer space between the M1 cell module 8 and the M5 cell module 9, and the main positive relay 3 in the buffer space between the M5 cell module 9 and the M4 cell module 10, the system avoids congestion at the front of the battery pack. This effectively prevents high-voltage connection breakage and electrical component short circuits in the event of collision-induced deformation of the battery pack, thereby improving safety.

[0025] In order to improve the protective effect of fuse 5, fuse 5 is arranged close to the first battery cell of the main negative battery, so as to obtain a better cutting effect when a large current is generated in the circuit, and to better protect the external electrical appliances in the event of current shock and abnormal output of the battery pack.

[0026] Furthermore, the second aluminum row 13 and the fourth aluminum row 15 are located at the same end, and the ends of the five battery cell modules are all provided with plastic end plates 20. The plastic end plates 20 are provided with first plastic positioning pieces 21 and second plastic positioning pieces 22. The height of the second plastic positioning piece 22 is higher than the height of the first plastic positioning piece 21. The second aluminum row 13 and the fourth aluminum row 15 are both provided with insulating sleeves. The bottom surface of the insulating sleeve on the second aluminum row 13 contacts the top surface of the first plastic positioning piece 21, the top surface of the insulating sleeve on the second aluminum row 13 contacts the bottom surface of the second plastic positioning piece 22, and the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve on the fourth aluminum row 15 contacts the top surface of the second plastic positioning piece 22.

[0027] The first aluminum bar 12 and the third aluminum bar 14 are relatively short and far apart, and there is no risk of contact with the lower shell. Therefore, the first aluminum bar 12 and the third aluminum bar 14 only need to be covered with an insulating protective tube.

[0028] Since the second aluminum row 13 and the fourth aluminum row 15 have a certain length, and the length of the second aluminum row 13 is greater than the length of the fourth aluminum row 15, in this embodiment, the fourth aluminum row 15 is located above the second aluminum row 13. In order to prevent the connection between the two and cause a short circuit, insulation work must be done well. By providing the first plastic positioning piece 21 and the second plastic positioning piece 22, the first plastic positioning piece 21 plays the role of supporting the second aluminum row 13. In addition to supporting the fourth aluminum row 15, the second plastic positioning piece 22 also plays the role of separating the second aluminum row 13 from the fourth aluminum row 15, so that a safe distance is maintained between the two. The distance is usually controlled to be more than 3mm. In combination with the insulating sleeve, a good insulation effect can be achieved. The safety of the battery pack is improved.

[0029] In addition, since the main positive connecting copper bar 16 and the main negative connecting copper bar 18 need to pass through the lower shell cross beam 27, insulation protection is required. The main positive connecting copper bar 16 is fixed and insulated from the top surface of the lower shell cross beam 27 through the first special copper bar tie 24 made of plastic material. The main positive connecting copper bar 16 is fixed and insulated from the side of the lower shell through the second special copper bar tie 25 made of plastic material. The main negative connecting copper bar 18 is fixed and insulated from the top surface of the lower shell cross beam 27 through the third special copper bar tie 26 made of plastic material, further improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0030] Furthermore, the main controller 2 is fixed to the sheet metal bracket 23 by bolts, and the sheet metal bracket 23 is fixed to the lower housing by bolts. The main controller 2 is an existing product and can be purchased directly.

[0031] The nickel sheet of the voltage sampling harness is fixed to the bus on the battery module through welding, the temperature sensor is pasted on the battery cell, and the other end of the harness is connected to the main controller 2, and voltage sampling is performed through the AFE chip.

[0032] The above describes in detail the structure, features and effects of the present invention based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of implementation of the present invention is not limited to what is shown in the drawings. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack management system, comprising a power cut-off unit (1) and a main controller (2), characterized in that: The power cut-off unit (1) comprises a main positive relay (3), a main negative relay (4), a fuse (5) and a pre-charge relay (6); five battery modules are provided on the lower shell of the battery pack; a buffer space is provided between adjacent battery modules; the main negative relay (4) and the fuse (5) are both provided in the buffer space between the battery modules.

2. The battery pack management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The five battery modules are respectively M2 battery module (7), M1 battery module (8), M5 battery module (9), M4 battery module (10) and M3 battery module (11) from left to right. The M1 battery module (8) is connected to the M2 battery module (7) through the first aluminum bar (12), and the M2 battery module (7) is connected to the M3 battery module (11) through the second aluminum bar (13). The 3-cell module (11) is connected to the M4-cell module (10) via the third aluminum busbar (14), the M4-cell module (10) is connected to the M5-cell module (9) via the fourth aluminum busbar (15), the M5-cell module (9) is connected to the high-voltage plug-in (17) via the main positive connection copper busbar (16), and the M1-cell module (8) is connected to the low-voltage communication plug-in (19) via the main negative connection copper busbar (18).

3. The battery pack management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main negative connecting copper bar (18) is connected to the fuse (5) and the main negative relay (4) respectively. The fuse (5) and the main negative relay (4) are both arranged in the buffer space between the M1 battery module (8) and the M5 battery module (9).

4. The battery pack management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main positive connecting copper bar (16) is connected to the main positive relay (3), the pre-charge relay (6) is connected in parallel to the main positive relay (3), and the main positive relay (3) is located in the buffer space between the M5 battery module (9) and the M4 battery module (10).

5. The battery pack management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second aluminum row (13) and the fourth aluminum row (15) are located at the same end, and the ends of the five battery core modules are all provided with plastic end plates (20), and the plastic end plates (20) are provided with a first plastic positioning piece (21) and a second plastic positioning piece (22), and the height of the second plastic positioning piece (22) is higher than the height of the first plastic positioning piece (21). The second aluminum row (13) and the fourth aluminum row (15) are both sleeved with insulating sleeves, and the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve on the second aluminum row (13) contacts the top surface of the first plastic positioning piece (21), the top surface of the insulating sleeve on the second aluminum row (13) contacts the bottom surface of the second plastic positioning piece (22), and the bottom surface of the insulating sleeve on the fourth aluminum row (15) contacts the top surface of the second plastic positioning piece (22).

6. The battery pack management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main controller (2) is fixed to a sheet metal bracket (23) by means of bolts, and the sheet metal bracket (23) is fixed to the lower housing.

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