Self-powered ocean buoy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean buoys, and discloses a self-powered ocean buoy which comprises a main shell, a swing seat, a mass pendulum structure, a magnetic force amplification structure, a gear rectification mechanism and a power generation mechanism, the mass pendulum structure, the magnetic force amplification structure, the gear rectification mechanism and the power generation mechanism are arranged on the swing seat, the swing seat is hinged to a containing cavity of the main shell, and the hinge axis extends in the horizontal direction; the mass pendulum structure comprises a center shaft, a mass pendulum and a movable magnet, the center shaft is rotationally installed on the swing seat, the center shaft extends in the vertical direction and penetrates through the lower side of the swing seat, the mass pendulum is fixedly connected with the lower end of the center shaft, and the movable magnet is arranged at the end, away from the center shaft, of the mass pendulum; the magnetic force amplification structure comprises two first fixed magnets, the two first fixed magnets are arranged on the lower side of the hinge axis of the swing seat at intervals, and the first fixed magnets and the movable magnets repel each other in like polarity; the power generation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the center shaft, and the gear rectification mechanism is in transmission connection with the center shaft and the power generation mechanism so that forward rotation and reverse rotation of the center shaft can be converted into driving force in the same circumferential direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean buoys, and in particular to a self-powered ocean buoy. Background Art

[0002] Ocean buoys are multifunctional platforms anchored at specific locations at sea and floating on the water. Their main functions are to mark waterways and provide positioning, monitor the marine ecological environment, warn of marine natural disasters, and provide long-term data for marine scientific research.

[0003] Currently, traditional ocean buoys are designed by combining solar panels and batteries, resulting in poor energy supply continuity and reliability. For example, Chinese invention patent application number CN114483428A, published on May 13, 2022, discloses an ocean buoy that can automatically position itself using wave energy. The buoy specifically includes a buoy shell, a generator disposed within the shell, a wave energy conversion mechanism that drives the generator rotor, a positioning system, a battery, and a mobile device. The battery is used to store the electricity generated by the generator and power the positioning system and mobile device. The wave energy conversion mechanism includes a main drive bevel gear and a pendulum mechanism. The main drive bevel gear is connected to the rotor shaft of the generator. First and second bevel gears meshing with the main drive bevel gear are provided on both sides of the main drive bevel gear. The first and second bevel gears are coaxial and symmetrically distributed about the main drive bevel gear, and the effective rotation directions of the two one-way bearings are opposite.

[0004] However, since the pendulum movement has a great influence on the working posture of the entire buoy, in order to maintain the stability of the buoy's posture, the pendulum accounts for a small proportion of the weight and volume of the entire buoy, resulting in small kinetic energy generated by the pendulum movement, low wave energy power generation efficiency, and poor structural compactness of the ocean buoy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: since the pendulum movement has a great influence on the working posture of the entire buoy, in order to maintain the stability of the buoy's posture, the pendulum accounts for a small proportion of the weight and volume of the entire buoy, resulting in small kinetic energy generated by the pendulum movement and low wave energy power generation efficiency. At the same time, the structural compactness of the ocean buoy is poor.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution for a self-powered ocean buoy: The self-powered ocean buoy includes a main housing, a swing seat, a mass pendulum structure, a magnetic amplification structure, a gear rectifier mechanism, and a power generation mechanism. The main housing is provided with a housing cavity, the swing seat is hingedly mounted in the housing cavity, the hinge axis of the swing seat extends in the horizontal direction, and the mass pendulum structure, the gear rectifier mechanism, and the power generation mechanism are all provided on the swing seat. The mass pendulum structure includes a central shaft, a mass pendulum, and a moving magnet. The central shaft is rotatably mounted on the swing seat. The central shaft extends in a vertical direction and passes through the lower side of the swing seat. The mass pendulum is fixedly connected to the lower end of the central shaft. The moving magnet is provided at the end of the mass pendulum away from the central shaft. The magnetic force amplification structure includes two first fixed magnets, which are arranged outside the swing seat and spaced apart on the lower side of the hinge axis of the swing seat. The first fixed magnets and the moving magnet repel each other because of their same polarity. The power generation mechanism is arranged on the outside of the central shaft, and the gear rectifier mechanism transmission-connects the central shaft and the power generation mechanism. The gear rectifier mechanism is used to convert the forward and reverse motions of the central shaft into driving forces in the same circumferential direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the magnetic force amplification structure also includes a plurality of second fixed magnets, and the plurality of second fixed magnets and two first fixed magnets are circumferentially spaced about the swing seat. The second fixed magnets and the first fixed magnets are arranged at an acute angle with respect to the center axis, and the second fixed magnets and the moving magnets are attracted to each other by opposite polarities.

[0008] Furthermore, the magnetic force amplification structure also includes a plurality of arms, which are fixed on the outer side of the swing seat and distributed circumferentially. The two first fixed magnets and the plurality of second fixed magnets are installed at the ends of the arms away from the swing seat, and the two first fixed magnets and the plurality of second fixed magnets are respectively arranged above and below the moving magnet.

[0009] Furthermore, the gear rectification mechanism includes a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a ring gear set, the driving bevel gear is fixed on the central shaft, the first gear shaft and the second gear shaft are coaxially arranged and spaced apart in the horizontal direction, the driven bevel gear is fixed on one end of the first gear shaft, the power generation mechanism is installed on the second gear shaft, and the ring gear set is transmission-connected to the first gear shaft and the second gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the ring gear set includes an inner ring gear, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear, the inner ring gear is fixed to the other end of the first gear shaft, the first gear is meshed with the inner ring gear, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the second gear is spaced apart from the inner ring gear; The third gear and the fourth gear are both arranged at one end of the second gear shaft, and the third gear and the second gear shaft, as well as the fourth gear and the second gear shaft are one-way non-rotatably connected in the same direction; the first gear is meshed with the third gear, and the first gear and the fourth gear are spaced apart; the second gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the second gear and the third gear are spaced apart.

[0011] Furthermore, the power generation mechanism includes a coil fixing disk and a one-way stabilizing current magnet disk, the coil fixing disk is arranged on the swing seat, and two fixed shafts are provided on the side of the coil fixing disk facing the ring gear set, the first gear and the second gear are rotatably installed on the two fixed shafts respectively, the second gear shaft is rotatably passed through the middle of the coil fixing disk, and the one-way stabilizing current magnet disk is arranged at the end of the second gear shaft away from the ring gear set.

[0012] Furthermore, the one-way flow stabilizing magnet disk includes a main disk body, multiple magnets and a one-way dial. The multiple magnets are fixed to the main disk body. A through hole is opened in the middle of the main disk body. The main disk body is provided with multiple grooves around the through hole. The one-way dial is fixed to the end of the second gear shaft away from the ring gear set. The circumferential edge of the one-way dial is provided with multiple paddles, and the paddles are engaged with the grooves in the forward direction for blocking and in the reverse direction for sliding.

[0013] Furthermore, the driven bevel gear, the first gear shaft, the second gear shaft, the ring gear set and the power generation mechanism are arranged in two groups symmetrically about the central axis; the two groups of the driven gears, the two groups of the gear rectifier mechanisms and the two groups of the power generation mechanisms are respectively arranged relative to each other along the hinge axis direction of the swing seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the main shell includes a first half shell, a second half shell and an isolation plate, the first half shell is snap-fitted to the second half shell, a mooring ring is further provided at the lower portion of the first half shell, the isolation plate is disposed within the second half shell and encloses an electrical cavity, and the accommodating cavity and the electrical cavity are distributed on both sides of the isolation plate; Two supports are provided in the accommodating cavity, and the two supports are spaced apart along the same horizontal direction. The swing seat is located between the two supports, and curved arms are fixed on both sides of the swing seat. The curved wall is rotatably connected to the supports via a horizontal swing axis.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a friction nano-power generation mechanism, which includes a blade frame, multiple friction blades, a dielectric layer and a metal electrode plate. The blade frame is fixedly connected to the central axis, the friction blades are arranged at the end of the blade frame, and the metal electrode plate is fixed to the swing seat. The blade frame and the metal electrode plate are spaced apart in the upper and lower parts, and the dielectric layer is covered on the side of the metal electrode plate close to the blade frame. The friction blades and the dielectric layer are frictionally matched.

[0016] Compared to existing technologies, the self-powered ocean buoy of the present invention offers the following advantages: The self-powered ocean buoy utilizes a design comprising a main housing, a swing seat, a mass pendulum structure, a magnetic amplification structure, a gear rectifier mechanism, and a generator mechanism. The swing seat is hingedly mounted within the housing cavity of the main housing, with its hinge axis extending horizontally. The mass pendulum structure, gear rectifier mechanism, and generator mechanism form a power generation module integrated onto the swing seat. With the main housing serving as the stationary portion, the generator module and the swing seat acting as the moving portions. The hinged connection between the swing seat and the main housing allows the swing seat and generator module to swing to a certain degree relative to the main housing, isolating the mass pendulum structure from direct impact on the buoy's posture. This maintains the buoy's posture stability while enabling the mass pendulum structure to be designed with a larger weight and volume relative to the entire buoy.

[0017] The mass pendulum structure includes a central axis, a mass pendulum, and a moving magnet. The central axis extends vertically and passes through the underside of the swing seat. The mass pendulum is fixedly connected to the lower end of the central axis, and the moving magnet is located at the end of the mass pendulum. The magnetic amplification structure includes two first fixed magnets, which are spaced apart and located below the hinge axis of the swing seat. The first fixed magnets and the moving magnet repel each other in a manner that is similar in polarity. When waves cause the buoy to tilt, the mass pendulum lags behind the tilt of the swing seat due to its own inertia and moves relative to it. The first fixed magnets and the moving magnet of the mass pendulum repel each other in a manner that is similar in polarity, preventing the mass pendulum from becoming stuck in a dead point position parallel to the hinge axis. Simultaneously, the magnetic repulsion boosts the mass pendulum, accelerating its back-and-forth swing away from the dead point. The magnetic amplification structure amplifies the effective energy input from the wave energy into the mass pendulum, allowing the mass pendulum to produce a larger swing amplitude and angular velocity, thereby increasing the kinetic energy generated by the mass pendulum's operation.

[0018] Furthermore, a gear rectifier mechanism connects the central shaft and the generator, converting the shaft's forward and reverse rotation into a driving force in the same circular direction. This converts the pendulum's back-and-forth swing into a single-direction rotational motion to drive the generator, thus avoiding kinetic energy loss caused by reverse motion during the swing power generation process and ensuring that the energy from the back-and-forth swings is added together in a positive direction, resulting in continuous power generation. The magnetic amplification increases the pendulum's input kinetic energy, while the gear rectifier optimizes the direction of energy transfer. The combination of these two significantly improves the efficiency of energy conversion from wave energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy, thereby achieving higher power generation efficiency and a more compact marine buoy structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a self-powered ocean buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a self-powered ocean buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Assembly diagram of the first half shell, swing seat and mass pendulum structure; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle swing seat, mass pendulum structure and magnetic amplification structure; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the main view of the middle swing seat, mass pendulum structure and magnetic amplification structure; Figure 6 is a schematic front view of the central shaft, gear rectification mechanism and power generation mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a perspective schematic diagram of a ring gear set according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a radial cross-sectional view of a unidirectional current stabilizing magnetic disk according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 is an exploded schematic diagram of a friction nano-power generation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Main housing; 10. Accommodation chamber; 11. First half shell; 12. Second half shell; 13. Isolation plate; 14. Mooring ring; 15. Electrical chamber; 2. Swing seat; 21. Support; 22. Curved arm; 23. Horizontal swing axis; 3. Mass pendulum structure; 31. Central axis; 32. Mass pendulum; 33. Moving magnet; 4. Magnetic force amplification structure; 41. First fixed magnet; 42. Second fixed magnet; 43. Support arm; 5. Gear rectifier mechanism; 51. Driving bevel gear; 52. Driven bevel gear; 53. First gear shaft ; 54. Second gear shaft; 55. Ring gear gear set; 550. Inner ring gear; 551. First gear; 552. Second gear; 553. Third gear; 554. Fourth gear; 555. Fixed shaft; 6. Power generation mechanism; 61. Coil fixing disk; 62. One-way stabilizing magnet disk; 621. Main disk body; 622. Magnet; 623. One-way dial; 624. Groove; 625. Paddle; 7. Friction nano-power generation mechanism; 71. Blade frame; 72. Friction blade; 73. Dielectric layer; 74. Metal electrode plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a self-powered ocean buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main shell 1, a swing seat 2, a mass pendulum structure 3, a magnetic amplification structure 4, a gear rectifier mechanism 5 and a power generation mechanism 6. A accommodating chamber 10 is provided in the main shell 1, and the swing seat 2 is hingedly installed in the accommodating chamber 10. The hinge axis of the swing seat 2 extends in the horizontal direction. The mass pendulum structure 3, the gear rectifier mechanism 5 and the power generation mechanism 6 are all arranged on the swing seat 2; the mass pendulum structure 3 includes a central axis 31, a mass pendulum 32 and a moving magnet 33. The central axis 31 is rotatably installed on the swing seat 2. The central axis 31 extends in the vertical direction and passes through the lower side of the swing seat 2. The mass pendulum 32 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the central axis 31, and the moving magnet 33 is arranged at the end of the mass pendulum 32 away from the central axis 31.

[0025] The magnetic amplification structure 4 includes two first fixed magnets 41, which are arranged on the outside of the swing seat 2, and the two first fixed magnets 41 are arranged at intervals on the lower side of the hinge axis of the swing seat 2, and the first fixed magnets 41 and the moving magnet 33 repel each other with the same polarity; the power generation mechanism 6 is arranged on the outside of the central shaft 31, and the gear rectifier mechanism 5 is connected to the central shaft 31 and the power generation mechanism 6, and the gear rectifier mechanism 5 is used to convert the forward and reverse motions of the central shaft 31 into driving force in the same circumferential direction.

[0026] This self-powered ocean buoy utilizes a main housing 1, a swing base 2, a mass pendulum structure 3, a magnetic amplification structure 4, a gear rectifier mechanism 5, and a generator mechanism 6. The swing base 2 is hingedly mounted within a housing 10 of the main housing 1, with its hinge axis extending horizontally. The mass pendulum structure 3, the gear rectifier mechanism 5, and the generator mechanism 6 constitute a power generation module integrated with the swing base 2. The main housing 1 serves as the stationary portion, while the generator module and the swing base 2 serve as the moving portions. The hinged connection between the swing base 2 and the main housing 1 allows the swing base 2 and the generator module to swing to a certain degree relative to the main housing 1, isolating the mass pendulum structure 3 from directly impacting the buoy's posture. This maintains the buoy's posture stability while enabling the mass pendulum structure 3 to be designed with a larger weight and volume relative to the entire buoy.

[0027] The mass pendulum structure 3 includes a central axis 31, a mass pendulum 32, and a moving magnet 33. The central axis 31 extends vertically and passes through the lower side of the swing seat 2. The mass pendulum 32 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the central axis 31, and the moving magnet 33 is located at the end of the mass pendulum 32. The magnetic force amplification structure 4 includes two first fixed magnets 41, which are spaced apart and located below the hinge axis of the swing seat 2. The first fixed magnets 41 and the moving magnet 33 repel each other. When waves cause the buoy to tilt, the mass pendulum 32 lags behind the tilt of the swing seat 2 due to its own inertia and moves relative to it. The first fixed magnets 41 and the moving magnet 33 of the mass pendulum 32 repel each other, preventing the mass pendulum 32 from getting stuck in a dead point position parallel to the hinge axis. At the same time, the magnetic repulsion also boosts the mass pendulum 32, accelerating its back-and-forth swing away from the dead point position. The magnetic force amplification structure 4 can amplify the effective energy of the wave energy input to the mass pendulum 32 , so that the mass pendulum 32 generates a larger swing amplitude and angular velocity, thereby increasing the kinetic energy generated by the operation of the mass pendulum 32 .

[0028] Furthermore, the gear rectifier mechanism 5 connects the central shaft 31 and the generator 6. Its function is to convert the forward and reverse rotation of the central shaft 31 into a driving force in the same circumferential direction. By converting the back-and-forth swing of the mass pendulum 32 into a single-directional rotational motion to drive the generator 6, this avoids the kinetic energy loss caused by reverse motion during the swing power generation process, ensuring that the energy of the back-and-forth swinging is positively superimposed to achieve continuous power generation. Magnetic amplification increases the input kinetic energy of the mass pendulum 32, while gear rectification optimizes the direction of energy transfer. The combination of these two significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency from wave energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy, thereby achieving higher power generation efficiency and a more compact structural design for the ocean buoy.

[0029] In this embodiment, the magnetic force amplification structure 4 also includes a plurality of second fixed magnets 42. The plurality of second fixed magnets 42 and the two first fixed magnets 41 are circumferentially spaced about the swing seat 2. The second fixed magnets 42 and the first fixed magnets 41 are arranged at an acute angle with respect to the central axis 31. The second fixed magnets 42 and the moving magnets 33 attract each other with opposite polarities. Specifically, there are four second fixed magnets 42. The four second fixed magnets 42 and the two first fixed magnets 41 are distributed at an equal angle of 60° with respect to the central axis 31. The magnetic force amplification structure 4 also includes six arms 43. The six arms 43 are fixedly provided on the outside of the swing seat 2 and circumferentially spaced. The two first fixed magnets 41 and the four second fixed magnets 42 are all mounted on the ends of the arms 43 away from the swing seat 2. The two first fixed magnets 41 and the four second fixed magnets 42 are spaced above and below the moving magnet 33, respectively.

[0030] During the swinging process, when the wave excitation is small, the second fixed magnet 42 will attract the moving magnet 33 of the mass pendulum 32 to produce a larger swing. If the wave excitation increases and the swing amplitude of the mass pendulum 32 exceeds the second fixed magnet 42, the mass pendulum 32 will generate a reverse thrust under the combined action of its own gravity, magnetic attraction and / or magnetic repulsion, so that the mass pendulum 32 returns to a stable position as soon as possible. When the wave excitation is large enough, the mass pendulum 32 will also cross the dead point position corresponding to the first fixed magnet 41, and generate a positive thrust under the combined action of the magnetic repulsion of the first fixed magnet 41 and the magnetic attraction of the second fixed magnet 42, thereby increasing the amplitude and angular velocity of the mass pendulum 32.

[0031] Furthermore, the support arm 43 is made of a deformable piezoelectric material. During the swing of the mass pendulum 32, the moving magnet 33 creates an attractive or repulsive force with the first or second fixed magnet 41, 42, causing the corresponding support arm 43 to deform, which is then converted into electrical energy, serving as a second form of power generation. Furthermore, angular velocity sensors and angular displacement sensors can be installed on the horizontal swing axis 23 and central axis 31 of the swing base 2. Combined with the current data generated by the piezoelectric induction of the support arm 43, this allows for self-monitoring of the motion of the swing base 2. Depending on the actual operation and functional requirements, additional equipment such as temperature, salt, and humidity sensors and signal transmitters can be added to expand functionality.

[0032] As a further preferred solution, the gear rectifier mechanism 5 includes a driving bevel gear 51, a driven bevel gear 52, a first gear shaft 53, a second gear shaft 54 ​​and a ring gear set 55, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, the driving bevel gear 51 is fixed to the central shaft 31, and the first gear shaft 53 and the second gear shaft 54 ​​are coaxially spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The driven bevel gear 52 is fixed to one end of the first gear shaft 53, and the generator 6 is mounted on the second gear shaft 54. The ring gear set 55 is connected to the first gear shaft 53 and the second gear 552. The mass pendulum 32 drives the central shaft 31 to rotate back and forth. The driving bevel gear 51 drives the driven bevel gear 52 and the first gear shaft 53 to rotate back and forth synchronously. The ring gear set 55 drives the second gear shaft 54 ​​and the generator 6 to continuously rotate in a single direction.

[0033] Among them, the ring gear gear set 55 includes an inner ring gear 550, a first gear 551, a second gear 552, a third gear 553 and a fourth gear 554. The inner ring gear 550 is fixed to the other end of the first gear shaft 53, the first gear 551 is meshed with the inner ring gear 550, the second gear 552 is meshed with the first gear 551, and the second gear 552 is spaced apart from the inner ring gear 550; the third gear 553 and the fourth gear 554 are both arranged at one end of the second gear shaft 54, the third gear 553 and the second gear shaft 54, and the fourth gear 554 and the second gear shaft 54 ​​are one-way non-rotatably connected in the same direction; the first gear 551 is meshed with the third gear 553, and the first gear 551 and the fourth gear 554 are spaced apart; the second gear 552 is meshed with the fourth gear 554, and the second gear 552 and the third gear 553 are spaced apart.

[0034] A first rectification path is formed from the driving bevel gear 51, driven bevel gear 52, first gear shaft 53, inner ring gear 550, first gear 551, third gear 553, and second gear shaft 54. A second rectification path is formed from the driving bevel gear 51, driven bevel gear 52, first gear shaft 53, inner ring gear 550, first gear 551, second gear 552, fourth gear 554, and second gear shaft 54. These two rectification paths can integrate two directional motions into a single directional power. For example, in the case where the third gear 553 and the second gear shaft 54, and the fourth gear 554 and the second gear shaft 54 ​​are fixedly connected in a counterclockwise direction, when the inner ring gear 550 rotates clockwise, it drives the first gear 551 to rotate clockwise. The first gear 551 simultaneously drives the second gear 552, the third gear 553, and the second gear shaft 54 ​​to output kinetic energy counterclockwise. At this time, the second gear 552 drives the fourth gear 554 to rotate clockwise relative to the second gear shaft 54. When the inner gear ring 550 rotates counterclockwise, it drives the first gear 551 to rotate counterclockwise. The first gear 551 also drives the second gear 552 and the third gear 553 to rotate clockwise. The second gear 552 drives the fourth gear 554 and the second gear shaft 54 ​​to output kinetic energy counterclockwise. At this time, the third gear 553 idles clockwise relative to the second gear shaft 54.

[0035] It should be noted that the power generation mechanism 6 includes a coil fixing disk 61 and a one-way stabilizing current magnet disk 62. The coil fixing disk 61 is set on the swing seat 2. Two fixed shafts 555 are provided on the side of the coil fixing disk 61 facing the ring gear set 55. The first gear 551 and the second gear 552 are rotatably installed on the two fixed shafts 555 respectively. The second gear shaft 54 ​​is rotatably passed through the middle of the coil fixing disk 61, and the one-way stabilizing current magnet disk 62 is set at the end of the second gear shaft 54 ​​away from the ring gear set 55.

[0036] In this embodiment, the unidirectional current stabilizing magnetic disk 62 includes a main disk body 621, a plurality of magnets 622 and a unidirectional dial wheel 623. Figure 8 As shown, multiple magnets 622 are fixed to the main disk body 621, a through hole is opened in the middle of the main disk body 621, and multiple grooves 624 are set around the through hole of the main disk body 621. The one-way dial 623 is fixed to the end of the second gear shaft 54 ​​away from the ring gear set 55, and the circumferential edge of the one-way dial 623 is provided with multiple paddles 625, which are engaged with the grooves 624 in the forward direction for blocking and in the reverse direction for sliding.

[0037] Multiple magnets 622 are circumferentially spaced and embedded in the side of the main disc 621. The unidirectional dial 623, paddle 625, and groove 624 function in a similar manner to a ratchet pawl. The principle is as follows: the paddle 625 comprises a three-layer structure consisting of a flexible layer, a lubricating layer, and a rigid layer. The flexible and lubricating layers are of equal length, while the rigid layer is slightly shorter. The groove 624, when unfolded along the circumference, has a right-angled trapezoidal profile. When the second gear shaft 54 ​​and the unidirectional dial 623 rotate counterclockwise, the rigid layer of the paddle 625 supports the flexible layer, increasing its positive stiffness. The paddle 625 then engages the radial sidewalls of the groove 624, driving the main disc 621 to rotate counterclockwise. Furthermore, when the rotational speed of the main disc 621 is slower than that of the unidirectional dial 623, the unidirectional dial 623 continues to drive the main disc 621.

[0038] However, when the rotation speed of the main disk body 621 is greater than that of the one-way dial 623, the main disk body 621 moves like a flywheel, thereby continuously converting kinetic energy into electrical energy. When the second gear shaft 54 ​​and the one-way dial 623 rotate clockwise, the paddle 625 slides with the oblique sidewall of the groove 624, preventing the main disk body 621 from rotating clockwise. The rigid layer of the paddle 625 is shorter, and its flexible layer and lubricating layer bend in the opposite direction toward the other side. The rigid layer loses its supporting effect, and the paddle 625 generates less frictional resistance with the oblique sidewall of the groove 624. According to the following theoretical calculation formula, the actual positive stiffness k1, actual reverse stiffness k2 and sliding friction force f of the flexible layer can be determined. m , to provide reference for material selection and structural design: f m =μk2d Where E, b, h, and l0 represent the elastic modulus, width, thickness, and length of the flexible layer, respectively; l1 represents the length of the rigid layer; μ represents the coefficient of friction between the flexible layer and the inclined sidewalls of groove 624, and d represents the overlap length between the two. For details, see the journal article: Fan Kangqi, Wang Chenyu, Zhang Yan, Guo Jiyuan, Li Rongchun, Wang Fei, and Tan Qinxue, "Modeling and experimental verification of a pendulum-based low-frequency vibration energy harvester," [J] Renewable Energy. Volume 211, Issue 2023. PP100-111.

[0039] like Figure 4 、 Figure 6 As shown, two sets of driven bevel gears 52, first gear shaft 53, second gear shaft 54, ring gear set 55, and generator mechanism 6 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis 31. The two sets of driven gears, two sets of gear rectifier mechanisms 5, and two sets of generator mechanisms 6 are arranged opposite each other along the hinge axis of the swing seat 2. Furthermore, the two unidirectional current stabilizing magnet disks 62, symmetrically distributed about the central axis 31, rotate in opposite directions to offset the additional effects of rotation.

[0040] In this embodiment, the main housing 1 comprises a first half-shell 11, a second half-shell 12, and a partition plate 13. The first half-shell 11 and the second half-shell 12 are fastened together, and a mooring ring 14 is provided at the bottom of the first half-shell 11. The partition plate 13 is positioned within the second half-shell 12 and encloses an electrical chamber 15. The accommodating chamber 10 and the electrical chamber 15 are located on either side of the partition plate 13. Two supports 21 are positioned within the accommodating chamber 10, spaced apart along the same horizontal axis. A swinging seat 2 is positioned between the two supports 21, with curved arms 22 fixed to either side of the swinging seat 2. The curved walls are rotatably connected to the supports 21 by a horizontal swing shaft 23. The main housing 1 is made of high-molecular polyethylene, which is corrosion-resistant, aging-resistant, and reduces biological adhesion. The left and right sides of the accommodating chamber 10 also have corner cavities for securing sensors, data storage systems, and other equipment used for environmental monitoring. A cylindrical recess is provided at the bottom of the first half-shell 11, serving as a counterweight compartment. The electrical cavity 15 of the second half shell 12 can be provided with a signal transmitter or a navigation light and other devices. The second half shell 12 is designed as a polygonal prism, and a solar photovoltaic panel can be set on the side of the prism to power the navigation light or other electrical appliances in the electrical compartment 15.

[0041] In addition, the self-powered ocean buoy further includes a friction nano-power generation mechanism 76, which includes a blade frame 71, a plurality of friction blades 72, a dielectric layer 73 and a metal electrode plate 74. Figure 9 As shown, the blade frame 71 is fixedly connected to the central axis 31, the friction blade 72 is provided at the end of the blade frame 71, the metal electrode plate 74 is fixed to the swing seat 2, the blade frame 71 and the metal electrode plate 74 are spaced apart from each other, the dielectric layer 73 is covered on the side of the metal electrode plate 74 close to the blade frame 71, and the friction blade 72 and the dielectric layer 73 are frictionally matched. Through electrostatic induction and friction effects, electrons move back and forth between different electrodes of the metal electrode plate 74 to generate current, which serves as the third form of power generation. The three forms of power generation are integrated through the control circuit board. Multiple friction nano-power generation mechanisms 76 are provided along the central axis 31, and multiple metal electrode plates 74 are fixed on a multi-layer bracket. Multiple power generation units are connected in series in the same phase to achieve a doubling of power generation capacity.

[0042] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered ocean buoy, characterized in that: The device comprises a main housing, a swing seat, a mass pendulum structure, a magnetic amplification structure, a gear rectifier mechanism, and a power generation mechanism. The main housing is provided with a housing cavity, the swing seat is hingedly mounted in the housing cavity, the hinge axis of the swing seat extends in the horizontal direction, and the mass pendulum structure, the gear rectifier mechanism, and the power generation mechanism are all provided on the swing seat. The mass pendulum structure includes a central shaft, a mass pendulum, and a moving magnet. The central shaft is rotatably mounted on the swing seat. The central shaft extends in a vertical direction and passes through the lower side of the swing seat. The mass pendulum is fixedly connected to the lower end of the central shaft. The moving magnet is provided at the end of the mass pendulum away from the central shaft. The magnetic force amplification structure includes two first fixed magnets, which are arranged outside the swing seat and spaced apart on the lower side of the hinge axis of the swing seat. The first fixed magnets and the moving magnet repel each other because of their same polarity. The power generation mechanism is arranged on the outside of the central shaft, and the gear rectifier mechanism transmission-connects the central shaft and the power generation mechanism. The gear rectifier mechanism is used to convert the forward and reverse motions of the central shaft into driving forces in the same circumferential direction.

2. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic force amplification structure also includes a plurality of second fixed magnets, which are circumferentially spaced apart from each other with respect to the swing seat, and the second fixed magnets and the first fixed magnets are arranged at an acute angle with respect to the central axis, and the second fixed magnets and the moving magnets are attracted to each other by their opposite polarities.

3. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic force amplification structure also includes a plurality of arms, which are fixedly arranged on the outside of the swing seat and distributed circumferentially. The two first fixed magnets and the plurality of second fixed magnets are installed at the ends of the arms away from the swing seat. The two first fixed magnets and the plurality of second fixed magnets are respectively arranged above and below the moving magnet.

4. The self-powered ocean buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gear rectification mechanism includes a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a ring gear set. The driving bevel gear is fixed on the central shaft. The first gear shaft and the second gear shaft are coaxially arranged and spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The driven bevel gear is fixed to one end of the first gear shaft. The power generation mechanism is installed on the second gear shaft, and the ring gear set is transmission-connected to the first gear shaft and the second gear.

5. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ring gear set includes an inner ring gear, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, and a fourth gear. The inner ring gear is fixed to the other end of the first gear shaft. The first gear is meshed with the inner ring gear. The second gear is meshed with the first gear. The second gear is spaced apart from the inner ring gear. The third gear and the fourth gear are both arranged at one end of the second gear shaft, and the third gear and the second gear shaft, as well as the fourth gear and the second gear shaft are one-way non-rotatably connected in the same direction; the first gear is meshed with the third gear, and the first gear and the fourth gear are spaced apart; the second gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the second gear and the third gear are spaced apart.

6. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power generation mechanism includes a coil fixing disk and a one-way stabilizing current magnet disk. The coil fixing disk is arranged on the swing seat. Two fixed shafts are provided on the side of the coil fixing disk facing the ring gear set. The first gear and the second gear are rotatably mounted on the two fixed shafts respectively. The second gear shaft is rotatably passed through the middle of the coil fixing disk, and the one-way stabilizing current magnet disk is arranged at the end of the second gear shaft away from the ring gear set.

7. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The one-way flow stabilizing magnet disk includes a main disk body, multiple magnets and a one-way dial. The multiple magnets are fixed to the main disk body. A through hole is opened in the middle of the main disk body. The main disk body is provided with multiple grooves around the through hole. The one-way dial is fixed to the end of the second gear shaft away from the ring gear set. The circumferential edge of the one-way dial is provided with multiple paddles. The paddles and the grooves are blocked in the forward direction and slide in the reverse direction.

8. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driven bevel gear, the first gear shaft, the second gear shaft, the ring gear set and the power generation mechanism are arranged in two groups symmetrically about the central axis; the two groups of driven gears, the two groups of gear rectifier mechanisms and the two groups of power generation mechanisms are arranged relatively along the direction of the hinge axis of the swing seat.

9. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main housing includes a first half shell, a second half shell, and an isolation plate. The first half shell is snap-fitted to the second half shell. A mooring ring is further provided at the lower portion of the first half shell. The isolation plate is disposed within the second half shell and encloses an electrical cavity. The accommodating cavity and the electrical cavity are located on both sides of the isolation plate. Two supports are provided in the accommodating cavity, and the two supports are spaced apart along the same horizontal direction. The swing seat is located between the two supports, and curved arms are fixed on both sides of the swing seat. The curved wall is rotatably connected to the supports via a horizontal swing axis.

10. The self-powered ocean buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a friction nano-power generation mechanism, which includes a blade frame, multiple friction blades, a dielectric layer and a metal electrode plate. The blade frame is fixedly connected to the central axis, the friction blades are arranged at the end of the blade frame, and the metal electrode plate is fixed to the swing seat. The blade frame and the metal electrode plate are spaced apart in the upper and lower parts, and the dielectric layer is covered on the side of the metal electrode plate close to the blade frame. The friction blades and the dielectric layer are frictionally matched.

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