A navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device and simulation method

Abstract

This invention provides a navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device and method, belonging to the field of navigation channel dredging technology. The navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device includes a shell, and further includes: a channel simulation box, disposed within the shell, used to simulate the channel to be dredged; a silt layer is laid at the bottom of the channel simulation box; a telescopic pipe is provided between the channel simulation box and the inner wall of the shell; a leveling component, disposed within the shell, used to level the dredged silt layer within the channel simulation box; and a dredging component, disposed on the shell and used to dredge the silt layer; wherein, a moving mechanism for driving the displacement of the dredging component is provided on the shell. This invention eliminates the interference of water on the silt, avoiding the need for prolonged settling of silt in the water, thus solving the core problems of low efficiency and unintuitive data in traditional simulation experiments, providing a high-fidelity and high-efficiency experimental tool for navigation channel dredging engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterway dredging technology, specifically to a waterway engineering simulation device and simulation method for waterway dredging. Background Technology

[0002] Navigation engineering is a comprehensive engineering field focusing on the construction, maintenance, and management of waterways. It encompasses the planning, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure such as ports, waterways, water conservancy, and environmental protection. Its basic construction includes waterway dredging, port engineering, the design and construction of navigation structures (such as locks), underwater pipeline laying, and shoreline restoration. In a broad sense, waterway dredging includes underwater blasting methods such as blasting reefs and beaches. Mechanical construction widely uses various types of dredgers, and sometimes land-based construction machinery such as cable-stayed excavators. To better plan the dredging construction layout, dredging simulations are usually conducted first using a simulated waterway model.

[0003] In the prior art, the invention patent with patent application number CN202410750822.5 discloses a device, system, and method for simulating dredging of mud and sand by a dredger. It uses a dredging mechanism to dredge mud and sand, and a moving mechanism drives the movement of the dredging mechanism to simulate the dredging process of a trailing suction hopper dredger. A measuring mechanism collects topographic data after the simulated dredging to provide data support for experimental and theoretical research. Based on the topographic distribution law, it calculates indicators such as the root mean square error and deviation of the dredged topography. However, it cannot accurately and intuitively observe the topographic distribution after dredging, such as the state of raised furrows, after secondary excavation or leveling by a leveling device. Moreover, in the actual operation, after each dredging, it is necessary to wait for the mud and sand in the water to settle before it can be observed or the topographic elevation can be measured. The waiting time is long and reduces work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device and simulation method.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device includes a shell and further includes:

[0007] A channel simulation box is set inside a shell to simulate a channel to be dredged. The bottom of the channel simulation box is covered with a layer of silt, and a telescopic pipe is installed between the channel simulation box and the inner wall of the shell.

[0008] A leveling component, which is disposed inside the housing, is used to level the dredged silt layer inside the channel simulation box;

[0009] And a dredging assembly, which is mounted on the housing and is used for dredging silt layers;

[0010] The housing is provided with a moving mechanism for driving the displacement of the dredging component.

[0011] Preferably, the leveling assembly includes rotating rods rotatably connected to both sides of the housing, an eccentric rod fixed between the two rotating rods, a swing rod rotatably connected to the outside of the eccentric rod, and a first motor fixed to the outside of the housing for driving the rotating rods to rotate. The end of the swing rod away from the eccentric rod is movably connected to the bottom of the channel simulation box, and the bottom of the channel simulation box is provided with rollers that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing via supports.

[0012] Preferably, the channel simulation box includes a U-shaped base plate movably connected to an eccentric rod, a first side plate fixed on both sides of the U-shaped base plate, and a second side plate arranged perpendicularly to the first side plate and symmetrically arranged on the outside of the U-shaped base plate. The second side plate includes a lower plate body connected to the U-shaped base plate and an upper plate body rotatably connected to the lower plate body via a pin.

[0013] Preferably, the leveling assembly further includes a support plate fixed to the inner wall of the housing, a first lead screw rotatably connected to the support plate, a first sleeve threadedly connected to the first lead screw, a connecting rod rotatably connected to the first sleeve, and a slider movably connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the first sleeve, wherein the slider is connected to the upper plate.

[0014] Preferably, the upper plate has a groove, and the slider is slidably connected in the groove.

[0015] Preferably, a secondary bevel gear is fixedly provided at the bottom of the first lead screw, a main bevel gear that meshes with the secondary bevel gear is provided on the rotating rod, a protective shell is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the secondary bevel gear and the main bevel gear are rotatably connected inside the protective shell.

[0016] Preferably, an ear plate is fixed on the U-shaped base plate, and an elastic telescopic rod is provided between the ear plate and the bottom of the lower plate. When the upper plate and the lower plate are placed perpendicularly, the elastic telescopic rod begins to be compressed.

[0017] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a fixed plate fixed to the outside of the housing, a second lead screw rotatably connected to the fixed plate, a second sleeve threadedly connected to the second lead screw, a moving frame fixedly connected to the second sleeve, and a second motor fixed to the fixed plate for driving the second lead screw to rotate. The moving mechanism also includes a first electric push rod fixed to the moving frame and a slide block disposed at the telescopic end of the first electric push rod, the slide block being slidably connected to the crossbeam of the moving frame.

[0018] Preferably, the dredging assembly includes a mounting base fixedly connected to the slide seat, two second electric push rods fixedly mounted on the mounting base, a rake leveler connected to the telescopic end of one of the second electric push rods, and a rake suction head connected to the telescopic end of the other second electric push rod.

[0019] This invention also discloses a method for simulating channel dredging in navigation engineering, which involves simulating channel dredging using the aforementioned navigation engineering simulation device, and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Initial Preparation Phase

[0021] A fixed amount of silt was added into the channel simulation box to form a smooth silt layer;

[0022] The moving mechanism is activated, and the second motor drives the second lead screw to rotate, moving the dredging component to the starting position.

[0023] S2: Dredging Simulation Operation

[0024] The second electric push rod is controlled to make the dredging head penetrate deeper into the silt layer, and the moving mechanism drives the dredging head to move along the channel simulation box to simulate the dredging process.

[0025] After dredging, the silt layer formed raised ridges, and staff measured the terrain data in real time.

[0026] S3: Second Assignment and Comparative Analysis

[0027] The moving mechanism is reset, and the harrow suction head and harrow leveler are controlled to perform secondary excavation and harrowing operations on the furrows respectively;

[0028] The difference in terrain after the two operations was recorded using a rangefinder, allowing for a direct comparison of the dredging effects.

[0029] S4: Quick leveling and depth adjustment

[0030] Start the leveling assembly. The first motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, which causes the channel simulation box to sway back and forth through the eccentric rod and the swing rod, and the silt is quickly spread out.

[0031] The rotating rod synchronously drives the main bevel gear and the secondary bevel gear to mesh. The first screw drives the first sleeve to move down, pushing the upper plate to deflect relative to the lower plate until the upper plate is placed vertically and the upper plate can no longer be rotated. As the first sleeve continues to move down, the upper plate and the lower plate move down as a whole, and the elastic telescopic rod is compressed until the upper plate flattens the silt, which is convenient for subsequent experiments at different dredging depths.

[0032] S5: Repeated Experiments

[0033] Adjust the dredging depth of the suction head according to the needs, repeat the dredging, measurement, and leveling process, and observe the differences in terrain distribution under different dredging depth conditions between the secondary excavation of the suction head and the leveling operation of the leveler.

[0034] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. In this invention, by eliminating the interference of water on silt and avoiding the need for long-term settling of silt in water, the terrain after dredging can be directly observed. Compared with the traditional method of observation after settling (which takes several hours), this method is more efficient and solves the core problems of low efficiency and unintuitive data in traditional simulation experiments. It provides a high-fidelity and high-efficiency experimental tool for waterway dredging projects.

[0036] 2. In this invention, by controlling the operation of the first motor, the output shaft of the first motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, the rotating rod drives the eccentric rod to rotate, and the eccentric rod drives the swing rod to swing, causing the swing rod to push the channel simulation box to move back and forth inside the shell. The telescopic tube automatically extends and retracts. When the channel simulation box moves back and forth, the silt dredged by the dredging component shakes inside the channel simulation box, causing the silt to shake and spread out quickly. The leveling component makes the silt layer quickly return to its initial state. Multiple comparative experiments of different dredging methods (such as the difference in effect between the rake suction head and the rake leveler) can be carried out, improving the simulation efficiency.

[0037] 3. In this invention, after the upper plate is flipped and placed perpendicular to the lower plate, the upper plate can no longer rotate. As the first sleeve continues to move downward, the downward pressure of the connecting rod on the upper plate is transmitted to the lower plate. The lower plate compresses the elastic telescopic rod, causing the lower plate to move downward relative to the U-shaped bottom plate until the upper plate flattens the silt in the channel simulation box, further improving the leveling effect of the silt layer. Moreover, the flattening process can accelerate the rearrangement of silt particles, simulating the sedimentation and consolidation phenomenon of sediment in the natural environment, more realistically reflecting the silt layer at the bottom of the channel, and improving the accuracy of the simulation results. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 The front view;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the channel simulation box of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper plate after it has been flipped over according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0044] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the waterway simulation box of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of section B;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first lead screw of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the eccentric rod of the present invention.

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 101. Telescopic tube; 102. Protective shell; 2. Channel simulation box; 201. U-shaped bottom plate; 202. First side plate; 203. Second side plate; 2031. Lower plate; 2032. Upper plate; 3. Leveling assembly; 301. Rotating rod; 3011. Main bevel gear; 302. Eccentric rod; 303. Swing rod; 304. First motor; 4. Dredging assembly; 401. Mounting base; 402. Second electric push rod; 40 3. Leveling device; 404. Scraper suction head; 5. Silt layer; 6. Support plate; 601. First lead screw; 6011. Secondary bevel gear; 602. First sleeve; 603. Connecting rod; 604. Sliding block; 6041. Slide groove; 7. Ear plate; 701. Elastic telescopic rod; 8. Fixed plate; 801. Second lead screw; 802. Second sleeve; 803. Moving frame; 804. Second motor; 805. First electric push rod; 806. Slide seat; 9. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0050] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8A navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device includes a housing 1, and further includes a channel simulation box 2, a leveling component 3, and a dredging component 4. The channel simulation box 2 is disposed inside the housing 1 and is used to simulate the channel to be dredged. The channel simulation box 2 includes a U-shaped bottom plate 201 movably connected to an eccentric rod 302, first side plates 202 fixed on both sides of the U-shaped bottom plate 201, and second side plates 203 arranged perpendicularly to the first side plates 202 and symmetrically arranged on the outside of the U-shaped bottom plate 201. The second side plate 203 includes components connected to the U-shaped bottom plate 201. The bottom plate 201 is connected to the lower plate 2031 and the upper plate 2032 is rotatably connected to the lower plate 2031 via a pin. The bottom of the channel simulation box 2 is covered with a silt layer 5. A telescopic pipe 101 is provided between the channel simulation box 2 and the inner wall of the shell 1. The leveling component 3 is provided inside the shell 1 and is used to level the dredged silt layer 5 inside the channel simulation box 2. The dredging component 4 is provided on the shell 1 and is used to dredge the silt layer 5. The shell 1 is provided with a moving mechanism for driving the displacement of the dredging component 4.

[0053] Specifically, silt is filled into the channel simulation box 2, forming a silt layer 5 at the bottom of the box, simulating the silt layer 5 at the bottom of the channel. No water needs to be poured into the box. The eccentric swing mode of the leveling component 3 is activated to evenly distribute the silt layer 5. The second side plate 203 moves downward and compacts the silt. The angle of the upper plate 2032 is adjusted to be perpendicular to the lower plate 2031, and the initial state is locked. The moving mechanism drives the dredging component 4 to move along the channel simulation box 2, completing the first dredging and forming furrow terrain. Parameters such as the depth and width of the furrows after dredging are measured and recorded. Subsequently, different dredging equipment is switched to perform a second operation on the same area, comparing the terrain differences, such as smoothness, between different dredging methods. The dredging experiment was repeated to verify the effect under different parameters. Since the secondary excavation by the suction head 404 and the sludge leveling device 403 both cause turbidity in the water, only silt was placed in the channel simulation box 2 to simulate the underwater topography of the dredged river channel. This eliminated the interference of silt turbidity in the water, avoiding the need for a long period of settling before observing the turbidity caused by dredging. This ensured the efficiency and effectiveness of the channel dredging simulation, solving the core problems of low efficiency and unintuitive data in traditional simulation experiments, and providing a high-fidelity and high-efficiency experimental tool for channel dredging projects.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the leveling component 3 includes rotating rods 301 rotatably connected to both sides of the housing 1, an eccentric rod 302 fixed between the two rotating rods 301, a swing rod 303 rotatably connected to the outside of the eccentric rod 302, and a first motor 304 fixed to the outside of the housing 1 for driving the rotating rods 301 to rotate. The two rotating rods 301 are rotatably connected to both sides of the housing 1 and are directly driven by the first motor 304 to achieve synchronous rotation. The end of the swing rod 303 away from the eccentric rod 302 is movably connected to the bottom of the channel simulation box 2, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the eccentric rod 302 into the linear reciprocating motion of the channel simulation box 2. The bottom of the channel simulation box 2 is provided with rollers 9 slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 through a support. The rollers 9 can support the channel simulation box 2, improve the movement stability of the channel simulation box 2 during reciprocating swing, and ensure smooth swing.

[0055] Specifically, the first motor 304 starts, and the output shaft drives the rotating rod 301 to rotate. The eccentric rod 302 drives the swing rod 303 to make planar motion, which pushes the channel simulation box 2 to swing back and forth in a straight line. The swing of the channel simulation box 2 makes the silt particles evenly distributed due to inertia, eliminating the dredging furrows, which facilitates the rapid conduct of the next round of dredging simulation experiments. The experimental time is much shorter than the waiting time for traditional sediment to settle in water, allowing the silt layer 5 to quickly return to its initial state. Multiple comparative experiments of different dredging methods can be conducted quickly, such as the difference in effect between the rake suction head 404 and the rake leveler 403, thus improving the simulation efficiency.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the leveling component 3 further includes a support plate 6 fixed to the inner wall of the housing 1, a first lead screw 601 rotatably connected to the support plate 6, a first sleeve 602 threadedly connected to the first lead screw 601, a connecting rod 603 rotatably connected to the first sleeve 602, and a slider 604 movably connected to the end of the connecting rod 603 away from the first sleeve 602. The support plate 6 is rigidly fixed to the inner wall of the housing 1 and serves as the rotation support point for the first lead screw 601. The slider 604 is connected to the upper plate 2032. A groove 6041 is provided on the upper plate 2032. The slider 604 is slidably connected in the groove 6041. The slider 604 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene to ensure its service life.

[0057] Furthermore, an ear plate 7 is fixed on the U-shaped base plate 201, and an elastic telescopic rod 701 is provided between the ear plate 7 and the bottom of the lower plate 2031. When the upper plate 2032 and the lower plate 2031 are placed perpendicularly, the elastic telescopic rod 701 begins to be compressed.

[0058] Specifically, when the first lead screw 601 rotates, the first sleeve 602 displaces axially along the first lead screw 601. The first sleeve 602 pushes the upper plate 2032 relative to the lower plate 2031 through the connecting rod 603 and the slider 604 until the upper plate 2032 is placed perpendicular to the lower plate 2031. At this point, the upper plate 2032 cannot continue to rotate. At this time, the upper plate 2032 has not yet pressed down on the silt in the channel simulation box 2. As the first sleeve 602 continues to move downward, the connecting rod 603 and the slider 604 push the upper plate 2032 relative to the lower plate 2031 to deflect until the upper plate 2032 is placed perpendicular to the lower plate 2031. At this time, the upper plate 2032 has not yet pressed down on the silt in the channel simulation box 2. The downward pressure on the upper plate 2032 is transmitted to the lower plate 2031. The lower plate 2031 compresses the elastic telescopic rod 701, causing the lower plate 2031 to move downward relative to the U-shaped bottom plate 201 until the upper plate 2032 flattens the silt in the channel simulation box 2. This further improves the leveling effect of the silt layer 5, and the flattening process can accelerate the rearrangement of silt particles, simulating the sedimentation and consolidation phenomenon of sediment in the natural environment, more realistically reflecting the silt layer at the bottom of the actual channel, and improving the accuracy of the simulation results.

[0059] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a secondary bevel gear 6011 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the first lead screw 601, a main bevel gear 3011 that meshes with the secondary bevel gear 6011 is provided on the rotating rod 301, and a protective shell 102 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the housing 1. The secondary bevel gear 6011 and the main bevel gear 3011 are rotatably connected in the protective shell 102, and the protective shell 102 can protect the transmission of the bevel gear.

[0060] Specifically, after the first motor 304 starts, the rotating rod 301 rotates. The rotating rod 301 transmits power to the secondary bevel gear 6011 through the main bevel gear 3011, which drives the first lead screw 601 to rotate synchronously. When the channel simulation box 2 swings eccentrically, the bevel gear transmission maintains continuous meshing, realizing the synchronous operation of swing leveling and mechanical compaction, thereby realizing the leveling and compaction of the silt layer 5.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the moving mechanism includes a fixed plate 8 fixed to the outside of the housing 1, a second lead screw 801 rotatably connected to the fixed plate 8, a second sleeve 802 threadedly connected to the second lead screw 801, a moving frame 803 fixedly connected to the second sleeve 802, and a second motor 804 fixed to the fixed plate 8 for driving the second lead screw 801 to rotate. The moving mechanism also includes a first electric push rod 805 fixed to the moving frame 803 and a slide block 806 provided at the telescopic end of the first electric push rod 805. The slide block 806 is slidably connected to the crossbeam of the moving frame 803.

[0062] Furthermore, the dredging assembly 4 includes a mounting base 401 fixedly connected to the slide 806, two second electric push rods 402 fixedly mounted on the mounting base 401, a rake leveler 403 connected to the telescopic end of one of the second electric push rods 402, and a rake suction head 404 connected to the telescopic end of the other second electric push rod 402. The rake suction head 404 is connected to the pump body through a rake suction pipe, enabling the rake suction head 404 to perform rake suction operations. This is the prior art.

[0063] Specifically, when it is necessary to adjust the dredging working position of the dredging component 4, the second motor 804 can be controlled to operate. The output shaft of the second motor 804 drives the second lead screw 801 to rotate, causing the second sleeve 802 to drive the moving frame 803 to move along the length direction of the channel simulation box 2. When it is necessary to adjust the dredging component 4 to move along the width direction of the channel simulation box 2, the first electric push rod 805 can be controlled to operate, causing the telescopic end of the first electric push rod 805 to push or pull the slide 806 to move on the crossbeam of the moving frame 803, thereby realizing the displacement operation of the dredging component 4. When the scraper suction head 404 needs to perform dredging or secondary excavation operations, the second electric push rod 402 connected to it can be controlled to extend, so that the scraper suction head 404 contacts the silt layer 5 and works. When the scraper leveler 403 needs to perform scraping operations, the second electric push rod 402 connected to it can be controlled to extend, so that the scraper leveler 403 performs scraping operations on the dredged silt layer 5.

[0064] This invention also discloses a method for simulating channel dredging in navigation engineering, which involves simulating the process using the aforementioned navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device, and includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Initial Preparation Phase

[0066] A certain amount of silt was added into the channel simulation box 2 to form a smooth silt layer 5;

[0067] The moving mechanism is activated, and the second screw 801 is driven to rotate by the second motor 804, which moves the dredging component 4 to the starting position.

[0068] S2: Dredging Simulation Operation

[0069] Control the second electric push rod 402 to make the rake suction head 404 penetrate deep into the silt layer 5, and the moving mechanism drives the rake suction head 404 to move along the channel simulation box 2 to simulate the dredging process.

[0070] After dredging, the silt layer 5 formed raised ridges, and staff measured the terrain data in real time.

[0071] S3: Second Assignment and Comparative Analysis

[0072] The moving mechanism is reset, and the harrow suction head 404 and harrow leveler 403 are respectively controlled to perform secondary excavation and harrowing operations on the furrows;

[0073] The difference in terrain after the two operations was recorded using a rangefinder, allowing for a direct comparison of the dredging effects.

[0074] S4: Quick leveling and depth adjustment

[0075] Start the leveling component 3. The first motor 304 drives the rotating rod 301 to rotate. The eccentric rod 302 and the swing rod 303 make the channel simulation box 2 swing back and forth, and the silt is quickly spread out.

[0076] The rotating rod 301 synchronously drives the main bevel gear 3011 and the secondary bevel gear 6011 to mesh. The first lead screw 601 drives the first sleeve 602 to move down, pushing the upper plate 2032 to deflect relative to the lower plate 2031 until the upper plate 2032 and the lower plate 2031 are placed vertically and the upper plate 2032 can no longer rotate. As the first sleeve 602 continues to move down, the upper plate 2032 and the lower plate 2031 move down as a whole, and the elastic telescopic rod 701 is compressed until the upper plate 2032 flattens the silt, which is convenient for subsequent experiments at different dredging depths.

[0077] S5: Repeated Experiments

[0078] Adjust the dredging depth of the 404 suction head according to the needs, repeat the dredging, measurement, and leveling process, and observe the differences in terrain distribution between the secondary excavation of the 404 suction head and the leveling operation of the 403 leveler under different dredging depth conditions.

[0079] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Channel simulation box (2), the channel simulation box (2) is set inside the shell (1) to simulate the channel to be dredged, the bottom of the channel simulation box (2) is covered with a silt layer (5), and a telescopic pipe (101) is provided between the channel simulation box (2) and the inner wall of the shell (1). Leveling component (3), which is installed inside the shell (1) and is used to level the dredged silt layer (5) inside the channel simulation box (2). And a dredging assembly (4), which is disposed on the housing (1) and is used to dredge the silt layer (5). The housing (1) is provided with a moving mechanism for driving the displacement of the dredging component (4); The leveling assembly (3) includes a rotating rod (301) rotatably connected to both sides of the housing (1), an eccentric rod (302) fixed between the two rotating rods (301), a swing rod (303) rotatably connected to the outside of the eccentric rod (302), and a first motor (304) fixed to the outside of the housing (1) for driving the rotating rod (301) to rotate. The end of the swing rod (303) away from the eccentric rod (302) is movably connected to the bottom of the waterway simulation box (2). The channel simulation box (2) includes a U-shaped base plate (201) movably connected to the eccentric rod (302), a first side plate (202) fixed on both sides of the U-shaped base plate (201), and a second side plate (203) arranged perpendicularly to the first side plate (202) and symmetrically arranged on the outside of the U-shaped base plate (201). The second side plate (203) includes a lower plate body (2031) connected to the U-shaped base plate (201) and an upper plate body (2032) rotatably connected to the lower plate body (2031) by a pin. The leveling assembly (3) further includes a support plate (6) fixed to the inner wall of the housing (1), a first lead screw (601) rotatably connected to the support plate (6), a first sleeve (602) threadedly connected to the first lead screw (601), a connecting rod (603) rotatably connected to the first sleeve (602), and a slider (604) movably connected to the end of the connecting rod (603) away from the first sleeve (602). The slider (604) is connected to the upper plate body (2032). The upper plate (2032) is provided with a sliding groove (6041), and the slider (604) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (6041); The bottom of the first lead screw (601) is fixed with a secondary bevel gear (6011), and the rotating rod (301) is provided with a main bevel gear (3011) that meshes with the secondary bevel gear (6011). An ear plate (7) is fixed on the U-shaped base plate (201). An elastic telescopic rod (701) is provided between the ear plate (7) and the bottom of the lower plate (2031). When the upper plate (2032) and the lower plate (2031) are placed perpendicularly, the elastic telescopic rod (701) begins to be compressed.

2. The navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the channel simulation box (2) is provided with rollers (9) that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell (1) via a support.

3. The navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (1) is fixed with a protective shell (102), and the secondary bevel gear (6011) and the main bevel gear (3011) are rotatably connected inside the protective shell (102).

4. The navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The moving mechanism includes a fixed plate (8) fixed to the outside of the housing (1), a second lead screw (801) rotatably connected to the fixed plate (8), a second sleeve (802) threadedly connected to the second lead screw (801), a moving frame (803) fixedly connected to the second sleeve (802), and a second motor (804) fixed to the fixed plate (8) for driving the second lead screw (801) to rotate. The moving mechanism also includes a first electric push rod (805) fixed to the moving frame (803) and a slide (806) provided at the telescopic end of the first electric push rod (805). The slide (806) is slidably connected to the crossbeam of the moving frame (803).

5. A navigation engineering simulation channel dredging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dredging assembly (4) includes a mounting base (401) fixedly connected to a sliding base (806), two second electric push rods (402) fixedly mounted on the mounting base (401), a rake leveler (403) connected to the telescopic end of one of the second electric push rods (402), and a rake suction head (404) connected to the telescopic end of the other second electric push rod (402).

6. A method for simulating channel dredging in navigation engineering, comprising simulating channel dredging using the navigation engineering simulation device described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Initial Preparation Phase A certain amount of silt was added into the channel simulation box (2) to form a flat silt layer (5). The moving mechanism is started, and the second screw (801) is driven to rotate by the second motor (804), which drives the dredging component (4) to move to the starting position; S2: Dredging Simulation Operation Control the second electric push rod (402) to make the rake suction head (404) penetrate deep into the silt layer (5), and the moving mechanism drives the rake suction head (404) to move along the channel simulation box (2) to simulate the dredging process; After dredging, the silt layer (5) forms raised ridges, and staff measure the terrain data in real time; S3: Second Assignment and Comparative Analysis The moving mechanism is reset, and the harrow suction head (404) and the harrow leveler (403) are controlled to perform secondary excavation and harrow leveling operations on the furrows respectively; The difference in terrain after the two operations was recorded using a rangefinder, allowing for a direct comparison of the dredging effects. S4: Quick leveling and depth adjustment Start the leveling assembly (3), the first motor (304) drives the rotating rod (301) to rotate, and the channel simulation box (2) is shaken back and forth through the eccentric rod (302) and the swing rod (303), and the silt is quickly spread out; The rotating rod (301) synchronously drives the main bevel gear (3011) and the secondary bevel gear (6011) to mesh. The first screw (601) drives the first sleeve (602) to move down, pushing the upper plate (2032) to deflect relative to the lower plate (2031) until the upper plate (2032) and the lower plate (2031) are placed vertically. After that, the upper plate (2032) can no longer rotate. As the first sleeve (602) continues to move down, the upper plate (2032) and the lower plate (2031) move down as a whole. The elastic telescopic rod (701) is compressed until the upper plate (2032) flattens the silt, which is convenient for subsequent experiments at different dredging depths. S5: Repeated Experiments Adjust the dredging depth of the suction head (404) according to the needs, repeat the dredging, measurement and leveling process, and observe the differences in terrain distribution between the secondary excavation of the suction head (404) and the leveling operation of the leveler (403) under different dredging depth conditions.

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