Side ditch formwork and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a side ditch formwork and a construction method thereof, and relates to the field of formworks. The side ditch template comprises a plurality of pairs of straight templates, at least one pair of loose-leaf templates, a plurality of main keels and a plurality of secondary keels; at least two first T-shaped grooves are formed in one side of the straight template; the loose-leaf template comprises a first loose-leaf plate body, a second loose-leaf plate body hinged to the first loose-leaf plate body and a locking mechanism, and the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body are each provided with at least one second T-shaped groove; the locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the positions of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body; the main keel comprises a keel body capable of being inserted into the first T-shaped groove or the second T-shaped groove, the keel body is provided with a protruding part, and the protruding part is provided with at least one third T-shaped groove. And the secondary keels are used for being inserted into the third T-shaped grooves of the two main keels so as to connect the two adjacent straight templates or the adjacent straight templates and loose-leaf templates. The side ditch formwork has the advantages that connection is firm, the angle of the formwork at the corner can be adjusted to adapt to different corners of a side ditch, abutted seams are tight and flat, and formwork positioning is accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of formwork, and in particular to a ditch formwork and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the templates used in ditch construction are mostly wooden templates and plastic templates, and the embedded templates are removed after the concrete is formed.

[0003] However, in the above-mentioned traditional formwork construction, the formwork connection is not tight during the wooden formwork construction, and it is easy to misalign at the joints, resulting in loose and uneven joints. In addition, the angle of the formwork at the corners is difficult to adjust and fix, which is not only difficult to adapt to the inner wall of the groove at the corner of the side ditch, but also the formwork at the corners is prone to deformation, affecting the construction quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a ditch template and a construction method thereof, which has the advantages of high connection firmness, adjustable template angle at the corner to adapt to different corners of the ditch, tight and smooth joints, and precise template positioning.

[0005] This application is implemented as follows: The present application provides a gutter template, which includes: A plurality of pairs of straight templates, each of which has at least two first T-shaped slots extending in a height direction on one side thereof; At least one pair of loose-leaf templates, each loose-leaf template comprising a first loose-leaf body, a second loose-leaf body hinged to one end of the first loose-leaf body by a loose-leaf shaft for rotation about a vertical axis, and a locking mechanism, the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body each having at least one second T-shaped slot extending in the height direction on the same side; the locking mechanism being used to lock or unlock the position of the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body arranged at a predetermined angle; A plurality of main keels, comprising a keel body having a T-shaped cross section, the keel body being configured to be inserted into the first T-shaped slot or the second T-shaped slot, the keel body being provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion being provided with at least one third T-shaped slot running through both sides thereof; A plurality of secondary keels with T-shaped cross sections are used to be inserted into the third T-shaped slots of the two main keels to connect two adjacent straight formworks or an adjacent straight formwork and a loose-leaf formwork.

[0006] In some optional embodiments, the locking mechanism includes at least two U-shaped loose-leaf locking rods, a loose-leaf locking plate is connected to the top of the loose-leaf axis, a plurality of first locking holes are provided on the loose-leaf locking plate and spaced apart along its length direction, and second locking holes are provided on the top of the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body respectively and spaced apart along the corresponding length direction; one end of the two loose-leaf locking rods is respectively inserted into or disengaged from the two first locking holes, and the other end is respectively inserted into or disengaged from a second locking hole on the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body to lock or unlock the positions of the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body at a preset angle.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the present invention further comprises: At least one pair of settlement joint templates, each pair of adjacent settlement joint templates is provided with at least two slots extending along the height direction; the two ends of the settlement joint templates are respectively pressed against the two straight templates.

[0008] At least two isolation plates, both ends of each isolation plate are respectively clamped in corresponding clamping grooves of a pair of settlement joint templates.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, at least one supporting structure is further included, and the supporting structure is used to support or stop a pair of settlement joint templates from being supported away from each other.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the support structure includes a support plate that can be inserted between a pair of settlement joint formworks, and a support frame that can be rotated toward or away from the support plate is hinged on both sides of the support plate. The top of the support plate is connected to a liftable drive frame and a drive mechanism for driving the drive frame to lift and lower. The drive frame is hinged to the two support frames through multiple support rods, and when the drive frame is lifted or lowered, the two support frames are driven to rotate toward or away from the support plate through each support rod.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a fixing frame connected to the top of the support plate and a lifting screw, the top of the lifting screw is rotatably connected to the fixing frame, and the bottom is connected to the driving frame through a thread.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, a scraper is further included, and both ends of the bottom of the scraper are respectively connected to rotatable guide wheels, a first scraper groove is respectively provided on the opposite side of each pair of straight formworks, a second scraper groove corresponding to the first scraper groove is respectively provided on the opposite side of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body of each pair of loose-leaf formworks, and a third scraper groove corresponding to the second scraper groove is provided on the loose-leaf axis of the loose-leaf formworks; the scraper is supported on the top of a pair of straight formworks and moves along the straight formworks to flatten the top of the concrete between the pair of straight formworks, and causes the two guide wheels to roll along the two first scraper grooves respectively.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the middle of the bottom of the scraper is convex downward to form a scraping portion.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, a bottom portion of the raised portion on one side of the main keel is provided with a receiving groove for clamping the top portion of the other side of another main keel.

[0015] The present application also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned gutter formwork, comprising the following steps: excavating trenches for side ditches; Arrange multiple pairs of straight templates and at least one pair of loose-leaf templates on both sides of the groove, so that the ends of adjacent straight templates and the ends of adjacent straight templates and loose-leaf templates press against each other, insert main keels into the first T-slot of the straight template and the second T-slot of the loose-leaf template respectively, rotate the first and second loose-leaf templates to a preset angle so that the first and second loose-leaf templates fit the curved inner wall of the groove, and use a locking mechanism to lock the positions of the first and second loose-leaf templates arranged at the preset angle; Insert the secondary keel into the third T-slot of the main keel at one adjacent end of the two straight templates to connect the two adjacent straight templates, and insert the secondary keel into the third T-slot of the main keel at one end of the straight template and the third T-slot of the main keel at one end of the adjacent loose-leaf template to connect the adjacent straight templates and loose-leaf templates; pouring concrete between each pair of straight formwork and at least one pair of loose-leaf formwork; Remove each template.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the gutter template provided by the present application includes multiple pairs of straight templates, at least one pair of loose-leaf templates, multiple main keels, and multiple secondary keels with T-shaped cross-sections; one side of each straight template is provided with at least two first T-slots extending in the height direction; each loose-leaf template includes a first loose-leaf plate body, a second loose-leaf plate body hinged to one end of the first loose-leaf plate body around a vertical axis by a loose-leaf shaft, and a locking mechanism, and the same side of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body are respectively provided with at least one second T-slot extending in the height direction; the locking mechanism is used to lock or unlock the positions of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body arranged at a preset angle; the main keel includes a keel body with a T-shaped cross-section that can be inserted into the first T-slot or the second T-slot, the keel body is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is provided with at least one third T-slot running through both sides thereof; the secondary keel is used to be inserted into the third T-slots of the two main keels to connect two adjacent straight templates or adjacent straight templates and loose-leaf templates. The ditch template provided by the present application uses a loose-leaf template and a straight template to adapt to the corners of the ditch. The first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body that are hinged to each other can be rotated to different angles to fit the inner walls of the ditch at different corners, thereby adapting to the different corners of the ditch. The position of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body is locked by a locking mechanism. At the same time, a secondary keel is inserted into the third T-slot of the two main keels to connect two adjacent straight templates or adjacent straight templates and loose-leaf templates. The templates can be accurately positioned and connected, and the connection firmness and joint tightness of the templates can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a straight template in a gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the main keel in the gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary keel in the gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a loose-leaf template in a gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a settlement joint template in a side ditch template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the support structure in the gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the support structure in the gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the middle support structure in the gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a scraper in a gutter template provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the guide wheel, nut, scraper screw, connecting bearing and wheel axle of the scraper in the ditch template provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] In the figure: 100, straight template; 110, first T-slot; 120, first scraper groove; 200, loose-leaf template; 210, first loose-leaf plate body; 220, loose-leaf axis; 230, second loose-leaf plate body; 240, second T-slot; 250, loose-leaf locking rod; 260, loose-leaf locking plate; 270, first locking hole; 280, second locking hole; 290, second scraper groove; 291, third scraper groove; 300, main keel; 310, keel body; 320, protrusion; 321, fourth scraper groove; 330, third T-slot; 340, receiving groove; 400, secondary keel; 500, settlement joint template; 510, slot; 600, isolation plate; 700, supporting structure; 710, support plate; 711, mounting hole; 712, connecting hole; 720, supporting frame; 721, cross bar; 722, vertical bar; 730, drive frame; 731, drive rod; 732, fixing rod; 740, support rod; 750, fixing frame; 760, lifting screw; 770, connecting rod; 800, scraper; 810, guide wheel; 820, nut; 830, scraper screw; 840, connecting bearing; 850, axle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of this application is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended only to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" do not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0025] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0027] The features and performance of the gutter formwork and construction method of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9、 Figure 10 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a gutter formwork, which includes multiple pairs of straight formwork 100, multiple pairs of loose-leaf formwork 200, multiple main keels 300, multiple secondary keels 400, multiple settlement joint formwork 500, multiple isolation boards 600, multiple support structures 700 and a scraper 800; Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, one side of each straight template 100 is provided with three first T-shaped slots 110 extending in the height direction, the top and bottom of each first T-shaped slot 110 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the straight template 100, and the three first T-shaped slots 110 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the straight template 100. The top of one side of the straight template 100 provided with the first T-shaped slot 110 is provided with a first scraper slot 120 extending along the length direction thereof, and the first scraper slot 120 is respectively connected to the three first T-shaped slots 110; like Figure 5 As shown, each loose-leaf template 200 includes a first loose-leaf plate body 210, a second loose-leaf plate body 230 that is hinged to one end of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 around a vertical axis through a loose-leaf shaft 220, and a locking mechanism. Three second T-shaped slots 240 extending in the height direction are respectively provided on the same side of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230. The top and bottom of each second T-shaped slot 240 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the corresponding first loose-leaf plate body 210 or the second loose-leaf plate body 230. The three second T-shaped slots 240 are respectively arranged at intervals along the length direction of the corresponding first loose-leaf plate body 210 or the second loose-leaf plate body 230; the locking mechanism is used to lock the first loose-leaf plate body 210 arranged at a preset angle and lock or unlock the position of the second loose-leaf plate body 230; the locking mechanism includes two U-shaped loose-leaf locking rods 250, and the top of the loose-leaf shaft 220 is connected to a loose-leaf locking plate 260, and the loose-leaf locking plate 260 is provided with first locking holes 270 arranged at intervals along its length direction, and the tops of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 are respectively provided with second locking holes 280 arranged at intervals along the corresponding length directions; one end of the two loose-leaf locking rods 250 is respectively inserted into or disengaged from the two first locking holes 270, and the other end is respectively inserted into or disengaged from a second locking hole 280 on the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 to lock or unlock the positions of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 at a preset angle. The top of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the top of the second loose-leaf plate body 230 of the loose-leaf template 200 are respectively provided with second scraper grooves 290 corresponding to the first scraper grooves 120. The second T-shaped grooves 240 on the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 are respectively connected to the corresponding second scraper grooves 290. The loose-leaf shaft 220 of the loose-leaf template 200 is provided with a third scraper groove 291 corresponding to the second scraper groove 290. The third scraper groove 291 is respectively connected to the top of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second scraper groove 290 on the second loose-leaf plate body 230. like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main keel 300 includes a keel body 310 with a T-shaped cross-section. The keel body 310 can be inserted into the first T-slot 110 or the second T-slot 240. The keel body 310 is provided with a protrusion 320. When the keel body 310 is inserted into the first T-slot 110 or the second T-slot 240, the protrusion 320 extends out of the corresponding first T-slot 110 or the second T-slot 240. A third T-slot 330 is provided on the top and bottom of the protrusion 320, respectively, passing through both sides thereof; the protrusion 320 is also provided with a fourth scraper groove 321; when the keel body 310 is inserted into the first T-slot 110 or the second T-slot 240, the fourth scraper groove 321 is aligned with and connected to the corresponding first scraper groove 120 or the second scraper groove 290.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the cross section of the secondary keel 400 is T-shaped. The secondary keel 400 is used to be inserted into the third T-shaped slots 330 of the two main keels 300 to connect two adjacent straight formworks 100 or adjacent straight formworks 100 and loose-leaf formworks 200 .

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, two card slots 510 extending along the height direction are respectively provided on the adjacent side of each pair of settlement joint templates 500, and the top and bottom of each card slot 510 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the settlement joint template 500, and the two ends of each settlement joint template 500 are respectively pressed against the ends of two adjacent straight templates 100, and the two ends of each isolation plate 600 are respectively clamped in the corresponding card slots 510 of a pair of settlement joint templates 500.

[0031] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the support structure 700 is used to expand or stop a pair of settlement joint templates 500 in a direction away from each other; the support structure 700 includes a support plate 710 that can be inserted between a pair of settlement joint templates 500, and the top of the support plate 710 is provided with three mounting holes 711, a driving frame 730 that can be lifted and lowered in the three mounting holes 711, and a driving mechanism for driving the driving frame 730 to rise and fall, the driving frame 730 includes three driving rods 731 slidably inserted in the three mounting holes 711 and fixed rods 732 respectively connected to the tops of the three driving rods 731, three connecting holes 712 are respectively provided on both sides of the support plate 710, and the three connecting holes 712 on each side of the support plate 710 are respectively connected to the three mounting holes 711, and a support frame 720 that can be rotated toward or away from the support plate 710 is hinged on both sides of the support plate 710, and each support frame 720 is composed of three cross bars 72 arranged at intervals along the height direction. 1 and three vertical rods 722, each vertical rod 722 is connected to three cross rods 721, and the three cross rods 721 of each support frame 720 are hinged to the corresponding side of the support plate 710 through four connecting rods 770. The three driving rods 731 are hinged to three support rods 740 respectively. The three support rods 740 hinged to each driving rod 731 are hinged to a vertical rod 722 through the corresponding connecting hole 712. When the driving frame 730 is raised or lowered, the two support frames 720 are driven to rotate toward or away from the support plate 710 through each support rod 740; the driving mechanism includes a fixed frame 750 and a lifting screw 760 connected to the top of the support plate 710. The top of the lifting screw 760 rotatably passes through and is connected to the fixed frame 750, and the bottom of the lifting screw 760 passes through and is connected to the fixed rod 732 and a driving rod 731 of the driving frame 730 through threads. When the lifting screw 760 rotates, the driving frame 730 is driven to rise and fall through the threads.

[0032] like Figure 10 As shown, the middle of the bottom of the scraper 800 bulges downward to form a scraping portion, and the two ends of the bottom of the scraper 800 are respectively connected to scraper connecting rods, and the two scraper connecting rods are respectively connected to coaxially arranged nuts 820, and the two nuts 820 are respectively connected to scraper screws 830 through threads, and the adjacent ends of the two scraper screws 830 are respectively connected to L-shaped wheel shafts 850 through connecting bearings 840, and the two wheel shafts 850 are respectively connected to rotatable guide wheels 810. When the two scraper screws 830 rotate, they move axially toward or away from each other. The two ends of the scraper 800 are supported on the top of a pair of straight formworks 100 and when moving along the straight formworks 100, the scraping portion scrapes the top of the concrete between the pair of straight formworks 100, and the two guide wheels 810 roll along the two first scraper grooves 120 respectively.

[0033] The present application also provides a method for constructing the above-mentioned gutter template, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use a total station or GPS to locate the centerline and edge of the ditch according to the design drawings and set control stakes. Use a level to measure the elevation and slope of the ditch bottom to ensure smooth drainage. Spread lime lines or set colored ropes to mark the excavation boundaries of the ditch. Step 2: Use an excavator to dig the side ditch along the layout range to 10-20cm above the designed base elevation, manually clean the base to the designed elevation, and compact the base; Step 3: Assemble the straight template 100, the loose-leaf template 200, the main keel 300, the secondary keel 400, and the settlement joint template 500. Clean the inner side and surface of each straight template 100, the loose-leaf template 200, the main keel 300, the secondary keel 400, and the settlement joint template 500, and apply a release agent. Attach each pair of straight templates 100 to the inner walls on both sides of the straight section of the groove, and attach each pair of loose-leaf templates 200 to the inner walls on both sides of the turning section of the groove. In addition, in each first T-slot 110 and second T-slot 240 of the straight template 100 and the loose-leaf template 200, a mold release agent is applied. Insert the keel body 310 into the template 200, rotate the first and second loose-leaf plates 210, 230 of the loose-leaf template 200 to a preset angle, so that the first and second loose-leaf plates 210, 230 are respectively attached to the inner walls of the turning section of the groove, and then insert one end of the two loose-leaf locking rods 250 into the two first locking holes 270 of the loose-leaf template 200, and the other end into the second locking hole 280 of the first and second loose-leaf plates 210, 230 of the loose-leaf template 200 to lock the first and second loose-leaf plates 210, 230 in position; Insert each secondary keel 400 into the third T-slot 330 of the main keel 300 on two adjacent straight formworks 100 to connect and fix the two adjacent straight formworks 100, and insert each secondary keel 400 into the third T-slot 330 of the main keel 300 on the adjacent straight formworks 100 and the loose-leaf formworks 200 to connect and fix the adjacent straight formworks 100 and the loose-leaf formworks 200.

[0034] Step 4. Use the settlement joint template 500 at the settlement joint, install the two settlement joint templates 500 on the inner walls of the groove on both sides of the settlement joint respectively, clamp the two ends of each isolation plate 600 into the corresponding card slots 510 on the adjacent side of the two settlement joint templates 500 respectively, install the support structure 700 between the two settlement joint templates 500, and use the support structure 700 to drive the two settlement joint templates 500 to spread apart in the direction away from each other. Specifically, insert the support plate 710 between a pair of settlement joint templates 500, rotate the lifting screw 760 to drive the drive frame 730 to rise, drive each support rod 740 to push the two support frames 720 to rotate away from the support plate 710 until they support the inner walls of the two settlement joint templates 500.

[0035] Step 5: Pour concrete between each pair of straight formwork 100, between each pair of loose-leaf formwork 200, and between each pair of settlement joint formwork 500, and vibrate and compact it. After the concrete pouring is completed, install the scraper 800 to finish the concrete surface while ensuring linear smoothness; press the two ends of the bottom of the scraper 800 against the top of a pair of straight formwork 100, so that the scraping part formed by the downward protrusion in the middle of the bottom of the scraper 800 presses against the poured concrete, and then rotate the two scraper screws 830 to move the two scraper screws 830 axially toward each other, so that the adjacent ends of the two scraper screws 830 are respectively rolled against the first scraper groove 12 set on the adjacent side of the two straight formworks 100 through the guide wheel 810 connected to the bearing 840 and the wheel shaft 850. 0, the scraper 800 is moved along a pair of straight formworks 100, so that the scraper 800 slides through each pair of straight formworks 100 and loose-leaf formworks 200 in sequence to scrape the top surface of the poured concrete, so that the guide wheels 810 connected to the adjacent ends of the two scraper screws 830 roll respectively through the first scraper groove 120 set on the adjacent side of the two straight formworks 100, the second scraper groove 290 on the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 of each loose-leaf formwork 200, the third scraper groove 291 on the loose-leaf shaft 220 of the loose-leaf formwork 200 and the fourth scraper groove 321 on the keel body 310.

[0036] Step 6: After the concrete strength reaches the requirement, remove all formworks and maintain the finished concrete product as required.

[0037] The ditch formwork and construction method provided in the embodiment of the present application, by using a straight formwork 100 and a loose-leaf formwork 200 in combination, can utilize the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 that can generate relative rotation in the loose-leaf formwork 200 to adapt to the inner walls of the ditch corners at different angles, and utilize a locking mechanism to lock or unlock the positions of the first loose-leaf plate body 210 and the second loose-leaf plate body 230 arranged at a preset angle to improve the firmness of the loose-leaf formwork 200, solving the problems of difficulty in setting up the formwork in the turning section of the traditional formwork and difficulty in adjusting it in the horizontal direction, and having the advantages of flexible construction and the ability to cope with various terrains.

[0038] A first T-slot 110 and a second T-slot 240 are provided on the outer sides of the straight template 100 and the loose-leaf template 200 to insert into the keel body 310, and a secondary keel 400 is inserted into the third T-slot 330 of the two main keels 300 to connect two adjacent straight templates 100 or adjacent straight templates 100 and loose-leaf templates 200, thereby solving the problem of loose and uneven joints of traditional templates and achieving the effect of accurate template positioning and neat and tight joints.

[0039] Two isolation plates 600 are provided between the two settlement joint templates 500 for support, and a support structure 700 is provided between the two settlement joint templates 500 to push the pair of settlement joint templates 500 away from each other, thereby resolving the problem of traditional construction joints being difficult to construct and easily damaging the quality of the finished product, and enabling direct formation of the settlement joint. A lifting screw 760 is used to drive the drive frame 730 up and down, and the two support frames 720 are driven by the support rods 740 to rotate toward or away from the support plate 710 to support or release the support, thereby increasing the force-bearing area of ​​the settlement joint template 500 and resolving the problem of deformation caused by localized large force on the settlement joint template 500. This achieves the effect of extending the service life of the template and simultaneously resolves the problem of difficulty in supporting and adjusting the template in a narrow space, achieving the effect of wide application range and convenient operation.

[0040] By setting a bottom sliding scraper 800 that presses against the two straight formworks 100 and the loose-leaf formwork 200, the two guide wheels 810 can move the two first scraper grooves 120, the two second scraper grooves 290, the two third scraper grooves 291 and the two fourth scraper grooves 321, thereby solving the problem that the finishing of the surface after traditional concrete pouring is time-consuming and labor-intensive and the finishing quality is difficult to guarantee, and achieving the effect of convenient construction, improved work efficiency and finished product quality.

[0041] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A side ditch template, characterized in that: It includes: A plurality of pairs of straight templates, each of which has at least two first T-shaped slots extending in a height direction on one side thereof; At least one pair of loose-leaf templates, each comprising a first loose-leaf body, a second loose-leaf body hinged to one end of the first loose-leaf body by a loose-leaf shaft for rotation about a vertical axis, and a locking mechanism, wherein the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body are each provided with at least one second T-slot extending in the height direction on the same side; the locking mechanism is used to lock or unlock the position of the first loose-leaf body and the second loose-leaf body arranged at a preset angle; a plurality of main keels, comprising a keel body having a T-shaped cross section, the keel body being configured to be inserted into the first T-shaped slot or the second T-shaped slot, the keel body being provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion being provided with at least one third T-shaped slot running through both sides thereof; A plurality of secondary keels with T-shaped cross sections are used to be inserted into the third T-shaped slots of the two main keels to connect two adjacent straight templates or adjacent straight templates and the loose-leaf template.

2. The side ditch template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes at least two U-shaped loose-leaf locking rods, a loose-leaf locking plate is connected to the top of the loose-leaf shaft, and a plurality of first locking holes are provided on the loose-leaf locking plate and spaced apart along its length direction, and second locking holes are provided on the top of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body respectively and spaced apart along the corresponding length direction; one end of the two loose-leaf locking rods is respectively inserted into or disengaged from the two first locking holes, and the other end is respectively inserted into or disengaged from the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body - the second locking holes will arrange the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body at a preset angle to lock or unlock the position.

3. The side ditch template according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: At least one pair of settlement joint templates, each pair of adjacent settlement joint templates is provided with at least two slots extending in the height direction; the two ends of the settlement joint templates are respectively pressed against the two straight templates; At least two isolation plates, both ends of each isolation plate are respectively clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves of a pair of settlement joint templates.

4. The side ditch template according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes at least one supporting structure, which is used to support or stop the pair of settlement joint templates from being supported in a direction away from each other.

5. The side ditch template according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support structure includes a support plate that can be inserted between a pair of settlement joint templates, and a support frame that can be rotated toward or away from the support plate is hinged on both sides of the support plate. The top of the support plate is connected to a liftable drive frame and a drive mechanism for driving the drive frame to lift. The drive frame is hinged to the two support frames through multiple support rods. When the drive frame is lifted or lowered, the two support frames are driven to rotate toward or away from the support plate through each support rod.

6. The side ditch template according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a fixing frame connected to the top of the support plate and a lifting screw. The top of the lifting screw is rotatably connected to the fixing frame, and the bottom is connected to the driving frame through a thread.

7. The gutter template according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a scraper, and both ends of the bottom of the scraper are respectively connected to rotatable guide wheels, and a first scraper groove is respectively provided on the opposite side of each pair of straight formworks, and a second scraper groove corresponding to the first scraper groove is respectively provided on the opposite side of the first loose-leaf plate body and the second loose-leaf plate body of each pair of loose-leaf formworks, and the loose-leaf axis of the loose-leaf formwork is provided with a third scraper groove corresponding to the second scraper groove; the scraper is supported on the top of a pair of straight formworks and moves along the straight formworks to flatten the top of the concrete between the pair of straight formworks, and makes the two guide wheels roll along the two first scraper grooves respectively.

8. The gutter template according to claim 7, characterized in that: The middle of the bottom of the scraper is convex downward to form a scraping portion.

9. The gutter template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the raised portion on one side of the main keel is provided with a receiving groove for clamping the top of the other side of the other main keel.

10. The method for constructing a gutter formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: excavating trenches for side ditches; Arrange multiple pairs of straight templates and at least one pair of loose-leaf templates on both sides of the groove, so that adjacent ends of the straight templates and adjacent ends of the straight templates and the loose-leaf templates are pressed against each other, insert main keels into the first T-shaped slots of the straight templates and the second T-shaped slots of the loose-leaf templates, respectively, rotate the first loose-leaf plates and the second loose-leaf plates of the loose-leaf templates to a preset angle so that the first loose-leaf plates and the second loose-leaf plates are in contact with the arc-shaped inner wall of the groove, and use a locking mechanism to lock the positions of the first loose-leaf plates and the second loose-leaf plates arranged at the preset angle; Insert the secondary keel into the third T-shaped slot of the main keel at one adjacent end of two straight templates to connect the two adjacent straight templates, and insert the secondary keel into the third T-shaped slot of the main keel at one end of the straight template and the third T-shaped slot of the main keel at one end of the adjacent loose-leaf template to connect the adjacent straight templates and the loose-leaf templates; pouring concrete between each pair of the straight formwork and at least one pair of the loose-leaf formwork; Remove each template.

Images