Oil leakage monitoring, alarming, overhauling and maintaining system and method for hydroelectric generating set speed regulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydroelectric generating set governor oil leakage monitoring alarm overhaul maintenance system and method, and belongs to the technical field of governor monitoring, and the system comprises a plurality of photosensitive sensors which are respectively arranged at the parts, where oil leakage easily occurs, in a governor system and are used for detecting the change of optical signals and outputting electric signals related to the oil leakage state; the wireless repeater is used for receiving the electric signal output by the photosensitive sensor and wirelessly transmitting the electric signal to a wireless gateway; the wireless gateway is used for receiving the wireless signal from the wireless repeater and carrying out communication protocol conversion and data management; the data processing unit is used for receiving the data signal from the wireless gateway, analyzing whether a preset oil leakage judgment condition is met or not, and outputting an alarm signal when the preset oil leakage judgment condition is met; and the alarm is used for receiving the alarm signal and outputting alarm information to maintenance personnel. According to the invention, the oil leakage state can be monitored online in real time, the monitoring timeliness is improved, and the coverage range is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of speed governor monitoring, and in particular to a system and method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a speed governor of a hydropower unit. Background Art

[0002] The speed governor system in a hydropower station's generator set is critical for maintaining frequency stability and regulating power. Its operation relies on a high-pressure, sealed hydraulic or pneumatic system. Existing speed governors typically utilize 6.3MPa pressurized oil or compressed air, achieving control through components such as pipelines, valves, and pressure tanks.

[0003] During long-term operation, the governor system's piping joints, combination valves, and the bottom of the pressure oil tank are frequently subjected to alternating pressures and sudden shocks, making them susceptible to seal fatigue and material aging, which can lead to leakage or dripping of lubricating oil or turbine oil. Although these leaks initially manifest as microscopic seepage, once they accumulate and expand, they can cause a sudden drop in system pressure, affecting power regulation accuracy and even causing serious consequences such as unplanned unit shutdowns.

[0004] Currently, the industry primarily relies on manual inspections to address governor oil leakage. This involves operators or maintenance personnel conducting routine inspections of key areas where leakage is likely. This approach suffers from long inspection cycles, delayed responses, inaccurate positioning, and high labor costs. Especially in the complex operating environments of hydropower units, manual inspections make it difficult to detect early-stage leakage risks promptly and accurately.

[0005] Existing technologies lack a real-time, automated, and accurate monitoring and alarm system for identifying oil leaks in key parts of the governor system. They also lack a systematic, integrated data collection, assessment, and remote alarm mechanism. Therefore, achieving real-time monitoring, rapid response, and reliable alarms for governor system leaks remains a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: how to realize real-time online monitoring of parts prone to oil leakage in the speed regulator system of a hydropower unit, and how to timely identify the oil leakage status through automated means when an oil leakage occurs, and accurately transmit the status to a data processing device to trigger an alarm response, thereby replacing the traditional method of relying on manual inspections and improving the oil leakage detection efficiency and response reliability of the speed regulator system.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring alarm repair and maintenance system, which includes:

[0009] Multiple light-sensitive sensors are respectively arranged at locations in the speed governor system where oil leakage is likely to occur, for detecting changes in light signals and outputting electrical signals related to the oil leakage status;

[0010] A wireless repeater, configured to receive the electrical signal output by the photosensor and wirelessly transmit it to a wireless gateway;

[0011] A wireless gateway, configured to receive wireless signals from the wireless repeater and perform communication protocol conversion and data management;

[0012] a data processing unit, configured to receive the data signal from the wireless gateway, analyze whether the preset oil leakage determination conditions are met, and output an alarm signal if the conditions are met;

[0013] The alarm is used to receive the alarm signal and output alarm information to maintenance personnel.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower unit speed regulator according to the present invention, the photosensitive sensor includes a light source module and a plurality of receiving probes;

[0015] The light source module includes a light source for emitting parallel light and a lens structure, and is arranged on one side of the area to be detected by the speed regulator system;

[0016] The multiple receiving probes are arranged in the light path emitted by the light source, and are used to respectively receive the transmitted light signal and the scattered light signal caused by the oil droplets;

[0017] The receiving probe converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the wireless repeater.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower unit speed regulator according to the present invention, the wireless repeater is used to receive the electrical signal sent by the photosensor;

[0019] The wireless repeater includes a signal amplification module and a wireless transmission module, wherein the signal amplification module is used to enhance the amplitude of the received electrical signal, and the wireless transmission module is used to send the amplified electrical signal to the wireless gateway via wireless means;

[0020] The plurality of wireless repeaters are arranged in a distributed manner within the monitoring area of ​​the speed regulator system and are connected to each other by wireless communication to form a wireless sensor relay network.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower unit speed regulator described in the present invention, the wireless gateway includes a communication protocol conversion module and a data scheduling management module;

[0022] The communication protocol conversion module is used to convert the wireless signal from the wireless repeater into a communication protocol format compatible with the data processing unit;

[0023] The data scheduling management module is used to perform hierarchical classification processing on the received data packets, and to transmit the alarm data related to the oil leak to the data processing unit in priority.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower unit speed regulator according to the present invention, the data processing unit is a programmable logic controller;

[0025] The programmable logic controller includes a signal acquisition module and a judgment logic module;

[0026] The signal acquisition module is used to receive the voltage signal transmitted by the wireless gateway;

[0027] The judgment logic module is preset with a voltage threshold, and is used to compare the received voltage signal with the threshold, and generate an alarm signal according to the comparison result.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower unit speed regulator described in the present invention, the alarm includes an audible and visual alarm module and a remote communication module;

[0029] The sound and light alarm module is used to emit sound and light signals at the equipment site when an alarm signal is detected;

[0030] The remote communication module is used to send the alarm signal wirelessly to a preset receiving terminal for maintenance personnel.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower generator speed regulator according to the present invention, the photosensor includes a first receiving probe and a second receiving probe;

[0032] The first receiving probe is arranged on the optical axis extension line of the light source module, and is used to receive the transmitted light signal;

[0033] The second receiving probe is arranged at a position deviated from the optical axis and is used to receive scattered light signals caused by the presence of oil droplets;

[0034] The photosensitive sensor jointly determines the oil leakage state according to the weakening of the transmitted light signal intensity and the strengthening of the scattered light signal intensity.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system described in the present invention, the plurality of photosensors are arranged in a ring around the periphery of the speed regulator system to form a surrounding structure;

[0036] The light source module of each of the photosensors faces the central area of ​​the speed regulator system;

[0037] The annular arrangement structure is used to ensure that oil drop leakage from different directions can be detected by the corresponding photosensitive sensor receiving probe.

[0038] As a preferred solution of the oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower generator speed regulator according to the present invention, wherein: a signal connection is established between the photosensor and the wireless repeater via electromagnetic coupling;

[0039] The photosensor is provided with an inductive coil structure for receiving the electromagnetic field radiated by the reading antenna;

[0040] The inductor enters a resonant state after receiving the voltage signal caused by the oil leakage, and causes the input impedance, phase or voltage parameters of the reading antenna to change through the coupling effect;

[0041] The reading antenna transmits the above changes as response characteristics of the electrical signal to the wireless repeater for subsequent processing.

[0042] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower unit speed regulator.

[0043] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower unit speed regulator, comprising:

[0044] In the parts of the speed governor system that are prone to oil leakage, a photosensitive sensor is used to detect changes in light signals;

[0045] Converting the optical signal changes into electrical signals, amplifying and wirelessly transmitting the signals through wireless repeaters;

[0046] receiving the electrical signal through a wireless gateway and performing communication protocol conversion and data management;

[0047] The converted data is transmitted to the data processing unit for electrical signal analysis and to determine whether there is an oil leak;

[0048] When the result of the judgment is oil leakage, the alarm is triggered to output an alarm message to prompt the maintenance personnel to handle it.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging photosensors at key parts of the speed governor system, real-time online monitoring of oil leakage status can be achieved, replacing manual periodic inspections and improving monitoring timeliness and coverage;

[0050] The use of wireless repeaters and wireless gateways to build a distributed data transmission structure reduces the amount of wiring engineering, is suitable for hydropower unit environments with complex spaces, and enhances system deployment flexibility;

[0051] The data processing unit can realize intelligent analysis of electrical signals and automatic judgment of oil leakage status by setting oil leakage judgment conditions, thus reducing the risk of human misjudgment.

[0052] The alarm integrates local sound and light modules and remote communication modules, which can quickly notify maintenance personnel when an abnormality occurs, improving emergency response efficiency;

[0053] Adopting the combined recognition mechanism of transmitted light and scattered light, the light sensor can enhance its recognition accuracy and anti-interference ability for oil leakage signals.

[0054] The photosensitive sensor adopts a ring-shaped layout structure, which can cover the leakage path of the speed regulator in all directions, realize multi-angle monitoring, and enhance spatial perception capabilities;

[0055] The photosensitive sensor and the wireless repeater perform contactless signal transmission through electromagnetic coupling, which improves the system's signal stability and ability to resist environmental interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the oil drip monitoring principle based on a photosensor of a hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a photosensor for a hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 3 A flow chart of an oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage for a hydropower unit speed regulator provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Example 1, with reference to Figure 1 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower unit speed regulator, comprising:

[0062] Multiple light-sensitive sensors are respectively arranged at locations in the speed governor system where oil leakage is likely to occur, for detecting changes in light signals and outputting electrical signals related to the oil leakage status;

[0063] A wireless repeater, configured to receive the electrical signal output by the photosensor and wirelessly transmit it to a wireless gateway;

[0064] A wireless gateway, configured to receive wireless signals from the wireless repeater and perform communication protocol conversion and data management;

[0065] a data processing unit, configured to receive the data signal from the wireless gateway, analyze whether the preset oil leakage determination conditions are met, and output an alarm signal if the conditions are met;

[0066] The alarm is used to receive the alarm signal and output alarm information to maintenance personnel.

[0067] The photosensor includes a light source module and a plurality of receiving probes;

[0068] The light source module includes a light source for emitting parallel light and a lens structure, and is arranged on one side of the area to be detected by the speed regulator system;

[0069] The multiple receiving probes are arranged in the light path emitted by the light source, and are used to respectively receive the transmitted light signal and the scattered light signal caused by the oil droplets;

[0070] The receiving probe converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the wireless repeater.

[0071] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, some existing oil leak monitoring devices utilize a single-channel photosensitive detector to identify oil droplets. This typically uses a single-sided light source to emit a linear beam, which stably illuminates a receiver when unobstructed. Once an oil droplet blocks the light, the light intensity decreases, causing the detector output signal to change accordingly, thereby providing a preliminary assessment of the presence of liquid interference. This method is simple in structure and easy to implement. However, because it relies solely on a single transmitted light source, it has poor immunity to oil mist, background light disturbances, false triggers, and misjudgments, and exhibits limited anti-interference capabilities, resulting in insufficient stability in complex power plant environments.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photosensor includes a light source module and a plurality of receiving probes, wherein the light source module is provided with a light source and a lens structure for emitting parallel light, and is installed on one side of the area to be detected of the speed regulator system; the plurality of receiving probes are distributed in the parallel light path, wherein the first receiving probe is located on the extension line of the optical axis, for receiving the transmitted light signal, and the second receiving probe is deviated from the optical axis, for receiving the scattered light signal caused by the oil droplets.

[0073] In actual operation, if the system is properly sealed, light steadily reaches the first receiving probe, while the second receiving probe receives an extremely weak signal. However, if an oil leak or suspended oil droplets occur, the light is blocked and scattered, weakening the transmitted light received by the first probe and increasing the scattered light received by the second probe. The photosensor combines the signal trends of the two probes to determine the oil leak status and converts the signal into an electrical signal for processing by the next module.

[0074] The beneficial effect of this preferred technical solution is that, by introducing a dual-channel joint detection mechanism of transmitted light and scattered light, the present invention can significantly improve the judgment accuracy compared to the traditional single-light path detection method, especially in operating sites with significant dust, water vapor, and electromagnetic interference, and has stronger anti-interference ability; in addition, through the comparative analysis method of the light signal intensity change trend rather than a single threshold judgment mechanism, it can effectively reduce the probability of false alarms and missed alarms, and improve the overall stability and practicality of the system.

[0075] The wireless repeater is used to receive the electrical signal sent by the photosensor;

[0076] The wireless repeater includes a signal amplification module and a wireless transmission module, wherein the signal amplification module is used to enhance the amplitude of the received electrical signal, and the wireless transmission module is used to send the amplified electrical signal to the wireless gateway via wireless means;

[0077] The plurality of wireless repeaters are arranged in a distributed manner within the monitoring area of ​​the speed regulator system and are connected to each other by wireless communication to form a wireless sensor relay network.

[0078] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in existing monitoring systems, some sensor deployment solutions based on wireless communication use ordinary wireless modules (such as low-power Bluetooth and ZigBee) for short-distance transmission of sensor data. When the deployment area is small, this solution can meet a certain degree of signal coverage and transmission. However, in the hydropower plant speed regulator system, due to the closed structure, severe metal interference, and large environmental span, the communication distance of conventional wireless modules is short, the signal attenuation is fast, and the networking capability is weak, resulting in the inability to effectively aggregate the remote sensor signals, seriously affecting the stable acquisition of data.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wireless repeater is configured to receive the electrical signal output by the photosensor, amplify the signal, and relay it. The module internally includes a signal amplification module and a wireless transmission module. The former is used to amplify the input voltage signal amplitude to improve anti-interference capabilities, and the latter converts the amplified signal into a wireless signal that can be received by the wireless gateway for transmission.

[0080] Multiple wireless repeaters are deployed in a distributed network structure according to the on-site structure. Not only can they communicate with each other wirelessly and forward signals, but when the repeater signal is interrupted or attenuated, the system can automatically select a path for rerouting to ensure the integrity of the signal link and the stability of data transmission, thereby realizing the redundant fault tolerance function of the sensor network.

[0081] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution include the ability of the wireless repeater solution to achieve stable data aggregation from multiple photosensors within a wide-span speed regulator system, significantly improving the range and stability of wireless transmission. Its distributed networking capability addresses the low signal transmission efficiency and numerous blind spots inherent in traditional wireless communications in scenarios such as metal interference and complex structures. Furthermore, through signal amplification, the system's voltage transmission attenuation resistance is significantly enhanced, effectively ensuring that the data processing unit can continuously and accurately receive alarm signals from each monitoring point.

[0082] The wireless gateway includes a communication protocol conversion module and a data scheduling management module;

[0083] The communication protocol conversion module is used to convert the wireless signal from the wireless repeater into a communication protocol format compatible with the data processing unit;

[0084] The data scheduling management module is used to perform hierarchical classification processing on the received data packets, and to transmit the alarm data related to the oil leak to the data processing unit in priority.

[0085] The data processing unit is a programmable logic controller;

[0086] The programmable logic controller includes a signal acquisition module and a judgment logic module;

[0087] The signal acquisition module is used to receive the voltage signal transmitted by the wireless gateway;

[0088] The judgment logic module is preset with a voltage threshold, and is used to compare the received voltage signal with the threshold, and generate an alarm signal according to the comparison result.

[0089] The alarm includes an audible and visual alarm module and a remote communication module;

[0090] The sound and light alarm module is used to emit sound and light signals at the equipment site when an alarm signal is detected;

[0091] The remote communication module is used to send the alarm signal wirelessly to a preset receiving terminal for maintenance personnel.

[0092] The photosensor includes a first receiving probe and a second receiving probe;

[0093] The first receiving probe is arranged on the optical axis extension line of the light source module, and is used to receive the transmitted light signal;

[0094] The second receiving probe is arranged at a position deviated from the optical axis and is used to receive scattered light signals caused by the presence of oil droplets;

[0095] The photosensitive sensor jointly determines the oil leakage state according to the weakening of the transmitted light signal intensity and the strengthening of the scattered light signal intensity.

[0096] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, some existing leak monitoring systems often use linearly arranged photosensors on one side of the equipment or at key nodes, sensitive only to leaks at specific angles or directions. This arrangement is cost-effective and simple, but it can create coverage blind spots. When leaks occur along non-positive paths or in obstructed areas, the photosensors may be unable to effectively capture signal changes, resulting in reduced monitoring accuracy and an increased risk of missed detections.

[0097] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multiple photosensors are arranged in a ring structure along the periphery of the speed regulator system, so that each light source module faces the central area of ​​the system, thereby forming a multi-directional, blind-angle-free detection network for the speed regulator device.

[0098] This surround-view light source arrangement and dual-receiving probe design allows the system to simultaneously receive transmitted and scattered light signals from different angles, enabling full spatial capture of the oil droplet's leakage path. If the light-sensitive signal intensity changes (e.g., reduced transmission and increased scattering), the sensor generates a corresponding electrical signal, confirming the leak and triggering subsequent processing.

[0099] The beneficial effect of this preferred technical solution is that, through the use of a circular multi-point distributed layout, the system achieves 360° monitoring of the governor oil circuit periphery, significantly improving the ability to detect the initial diffusion path of oil droplets. Furthermore, multi-point signal cross-validation reduces the impact of single-point errors on judgment results, enhancing the system's overall ability to resist misjudgment.

[0100] This optimized solution overcomes the directional limitations of traditional layout methods, enabling the present invention to have high adaptability, high coverage and high sensitivity in oil leakage detection even in complex mechanical spaces.

[0101] The plurality of light-sensitive sensors are arranged in a ring along the periphery of the speed regulator system to form a surrounding structure;

[0102] The light source module of each of the photosensors faces the central area of ​​the speed regulator system;

[0103] The annular arrangement structure is used to ensure that oil drop leakage from different directions can be detected by the corresponding photosensitive sensor receiving probe.

[0104] A signal connection is established between the photosensor and the wireless repeater via electromagnetic coupling;

[0105] The photosensor is provided with an inductive coil structure for receiving the electromagnetic field radiated by the reading antenna;

[0106] The inductor enters a resonant state after receiving the voltage signal caused by the oil leakage, and causes the input impedance, phase or voltage parameters of the reading antenna to change through the coupling effect;

[0107] The reading antenna transmits the above changes as response characteristics of the electrical signal to the wireless repeater for subsequent processing.

[0108] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in conventional monitoring systems, electrical signal transmission between sensors and data receiving modules is typically accomplished through a wired connection. This approach has certain advantages in terms of structural stability, but has the following practical problems:

[0109] First, complex cable wiring increases installation and maintenance costs; second, cables are prone to aging and damage in high-voltage, strong-interference power environments, and limit the flexible deployment and expansion of sensors; third, there are difficulties in wiring across structural layers, especially in situations where dynamic installation or temporary deployment is required, and the adaptability is poor.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention adopts an electromagnetic coupling signal transmission mechanism between the photosensitive sensor and the wireless repeater:

[0111] The photosensor has an inductive coil structure inside, which is used to respond to the electromagnetic field radiated by the external reading antenna; when the oil droplets cause the light signal to change, the voltage signal output by the sensor drives the inductive coil into a resonant state.

[0112] The resonance of the inductor coil causes changes in the input impedance, phase, or voltage characteristics of the read antenna, thus achieving a contactless data transmission channel. The read antenna senses these characteristic changes and converts them into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the wireless repeater for further processing. This mechanism, based on the principle of electromagnetic mutual induction, does not rely on physical cable connections, creating a short-distance, highly reliable transmission path.

[0113] The beneficial effect of this preferred technical solution is that, by introducing the electromagnetic coupling transmission mechanism, the deployment flexibility of the system is significantly improved, the dependence on wiring channels is eliminated, and it is effectively applicable to the working environment of hydropower plants with complex space, high water vapor and strong insulation requirements.

[0114] This structure also offers enhanced protection and environmental adaptability, effectively reducing risks such as signal interruption and interface aging, and improving system operational stability. Particularly in multi-point sensing deployments, the combined wireless and electromagnetic network effectively supports rapid expansion and module replacement, enabling sustainable maintenance of the intelligent monitoring system.

[0115] The data processing unit is provided with a multi-level alarm judgment module;

[0116] The multi-level alarm determination module is used to compare the received voltage signal amplitude with multiple preset alarm thresholds;

[0117] The alarm judgment module outputs an alarm signal of a corresponding level according to the comparison result;

[0118] After the alarm signal is input into the alarm device, an alarm response mode corresponding to the alarm level is triggered.

[0119] Example 2, reference Figures 1 and 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system based on the previous embodiment, including:

[0120] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple detectors are located around the cylindrical periphery. The detectors monitor turbine oil drips based on the following principle: a light source is collimated through a lens. If the seal is intact and there are no oil drips, the light directly enters detector receiver 1. If the seal fails and oil drips occur, some of the light directly penetrates the oil droplets, causing light scattering and receiving a light signal from detector receiver 2. Based on the differences in the resulting light wave curves, the photosensor intelligently determines whether the governor system is leaking or dripping.

[0121] A light sensor is a general term for a device with multiple probe receivers. The judgment rule is: as pressure increases, the structural voltage increases. Here, the light source is blocked by oil droplets, causing a voltage change.

[0122] The system mainly consists of a photosensor 1, a wireless repeater 2, a wireless gateway 3, a CPU processor 4, and an alarm 5.

[0123] The system is composed of multiple groups of photosensors 1, which are connected in series wirelessly and can be placed in multiple key and important locations for online monitoring to form a sensor system.

[0124] The wireless repeater 2 can amplify and extend the coverage of the wireless network, realize signal relay and amplification, thereby extending the coverage of the wireless network and establishing a wireless distributed system.

[0125] The wireless gateway 3 connects different network interfaces, supports conversion between different protocols, and connects networks with different protocols. It manages the transmission of data packets, ensuring that important data packets in the network are transmitted first, thereby improving network efficiency and security.

[0126] The CPU processor 4 processes and judges the data transmitted via the wireless gateway 3. An alarm threshold can be set, and an alarm signal is transmitted to the alarm 5 when the alarm threshold is reached.

[0127] After receiving the alarm signal from the CPU 4, the alarm device 5 transmits the alarm information to the operation and maintenance department via radio, so as to organize manpower for emergency rescue and maintenance in time.

[0128] Multiple groups of photosensors 1 are connected in series wirelessly and can be placed in multiple key locations for online monitoring to form a sensor system. The wireless repeater 2 can amplify and extend the coverage of the wireless network, realize signal relay and amplification, thereby extending the coverage of the wireless network and establishing a wireless distributed system. The wireless gateway 3 realizes the interconnection of different network interfaces, supports conversion between different protocols, and realizes the interconnection between networks with different protocols. The transmission of data packets is managed to ensure that the main data packets in the network are transmitted first, thereby improving network efficiency and security. The CPU processor 4 processes and judges the data transmitted through the wireless gateway 3. An alarm threshold can be set, and an alarm signal is transmitted to the alarm 5 when the alarm threshold is reached. After the alarm 5 receives the alarm signal transmitted by the CPU 4, it transmits the alarm information to the operation, inspection and maintenance department via radio.

[0129] It should be noted that wireless network connectivity is employed to achieve cross-space connectivity and eliminate the constraints of cables. The voltage signal is radiated through the reading antenna via an electromagnetic field, coupling it to the sensor's inductor. Due to the mutual inductive coupling between the sensor and the reading antenna's inductor, the sensor's resonance can cause significant changes in the reading antenna's input impedance, phase, and voltage.

[0130] The wireless repeater amplifies the sensor signal and enables the interconnection between sensors at a greater distance.

[0131] The CPU processor is a PLC program that outputs different logical alarm levels according to the size of the transmitted voltage and other signals.

[0132] The process of a photosensor converting light signals into voltage changes mainly relies on the photoelectric effect. The specific steps are:

[0133] The photoelectric effect occurs when light is applied to the photosensitive materials in photosensors (such as photodiodes and photoresistors). This effect can be categorized as either: The external photoelectric effect, in which photon energy causes electrons to escape from the surface of the material; or the internal photoelectric effect, in which photon energy causes electrons within the material to transition from the valence band to the conduction band, generating electron-hole pairs.

[0134] Photocurrent generation: When exposed to light, electron-hole pairs are generated within the photosensitive material, creating a photocurrent. Stronger light intensity generates more electron-hole pairs and increases the photocurrent. In the presence of oil droplets, the light intensity decreases, reducing the photocurrent.

[0135] Current-voltage conversion, the photocurrent is converted into a voltage signal through a circuit. Common methods include: Load resistance: The photocurrent generates a voltage drop through the load resistor, and the voltage drop is proportional to the light intensity.

[0136] Operational amplifier: Converts photocurrent into voltage signal through transimpedance amplifier, which is suitable for amplifying weak photocurrent.

[0137] Signal processing: the converted voltage signal is amplified, filtered, and processed to facilitate use by subsequent circuits or microprocessors.

[0138] Output, finally, the voltage signal is output to the display device, control system or data acquisition system, completing the conversion of optical signal to electrical signal.

[0139] like Figure 3 As shown, the photosensor generates photocurrent through the photoelectric effect, and then converts the current into a voltage signal through a load resistor or operational amplifier, and finally outputs it to the subsequent circuit or system.

[0140] Traditional photosensors use relatively simple receiving probes, either based solely on light transmission or light scattering. This photosensor combines scattering and transmission to compensate for each other, improving detection accuracy. The optimization principle is illustrated in the figure below. This embodiment compensates for scattering and transmission, enhancing noise immunity and improving detection resolution.

[0141] This embodiment method can promptly alert the maintenance department in the event of an emergency, notifying them to carry out emergency rescue and maintenance. This not only improves the maintenance department's emergency response speed, but also enhances the maintenance accuracy of the maintenance department, reduces the time and cost of manual cross-inspection inspections, improves on-site work efficiency, and safeguards the safe and stable operation of the unit.

[0142] Example 3, reference Figure 3 , is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage in a hydropower generator set speed regulator, comprising: using a photosensor to detect changes in light signals at a location in the speed regulator system that is prone to oil leakage;

[0143] Converting the optical signal changes into electrical signals, amplifying and wirelessly transmitting the signals through wireless repeaters;

[0144] receiving the electrical signal through a wireless gateway and performing communication protocol conversion and data management;

[0145] The converted data is transmitted to the data processing unit for electrical signal analysis and to determine whether there is an oil leak;

[0146] When the result of the judgment is oil leakage, the alarm is triggered to output an alarm message to prompt the maintenance personnel to handle it.

[0147] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, which is suitable for a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower unit speed regulator, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions to implement a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower unit speed regulator as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0148] This embodiment further provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, a method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower generator set speed regulator as proposed in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0149] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the method for implementing a hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, inspection and maintenance proposed in the above embodiment belong to the same inventive concept. The technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be referred to the above embodiment, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiment.

[0150] Through the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented with the help of software and necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer's floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory (FLASH), hard disk or optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments of the present invention.

[0151] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydropower unit speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system, characterized by: include, Multiple light-sensitive sensors are respectively arranged at locations in the speed governor system where oil leakage is likely to occur, for detecting changes in light signals and outputting electrical signals related to the oil leakage status; A wireless repeater, configured to receive the electrical signal output by the photosensor and wirelessly transmit it to a wireless gateway; A wireless gateway, configured to receive wireless signals from the wireless repeater and perform communication protocol conversion and data management; a data processing unit, configured to receive the data signal from the wireless gateway, analyze whether the preset oil leakage determination conditions are met, and output an alarm signal if the conditions are met; The alarm is used to receive the alarm signal and output alarm information to maintenance personnel.

2. A hydropower unit speed governor oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photosensor includes a light source module and a plurality of receiving probes; The light source module includes a light source for emitting parallel light and a lens structure, and is arranged on one side of the area to be detected by the speed regulator system; The multiple receiving probes are arranged in the light path emitted by the light source, and are used to respectively receive the transmitted light signal and the scattered light signal caused by the oil droplets; The receiving probe converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the wireless repeater.

3. A hydropower generator set speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The wireless repeater is used to receive the electrical signal sent by the photosensor; The wireless repeater includes a signal amplification module and a wireless transmission module, wherein the signal amplification module is used to enhance the amplitude of the received electrical signal, and the wireless transmission module is used to send the amplified electrical signal to the wireless gateway via wireless means; The plurality of wireless repeaters are arranged in a distributed manner within the monitoring area of ​​the speed regulator system and are connected to each other by wireless communication to form a wireless sensor relay network.

4. A hydropower generator set speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, inspection and maintenance system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The wireless gateway includes a communication protocol conversion module and a data scheduling management module; The communication protocol conversion module is used to convert the wireless signal from the wireless repeater into a communication protocol format compatible with the data processing unit; The data scheduling management module is used to perform hierarchical classification processing on the received data packets, and to transmit the alarm data related to the oil leak to the data processing unit in priority.

5. The oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system for a hydropower generator set speed regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing unit is a programmable logic controller; The programmable logic controller includes a signal acquisition module and a judgment logic module; The signal acquisition module is used to receive the voltage signal transmitted by the wireless gateway; The judgment logic module is preset with a voltage threshold, and is used to compare the received voltage signal with the threshold, and generate an alarm signal according to the comparison result.

6. A hydropower generator set speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The alarm includes an audible and visual alarm module and a remote communication module; The sound and light alarm module is used to emit sound and light signals at the equipment site when an alarm signal is detected; The remote communication module is used to send the alarm signal wirelessly to a preset receiving terminal for maintenance personnel.

7. A hydropower generator set speed regulator oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The photosensor includes a first receiving probe and a second receiving probe; The first receiving probe is arranged on the optical axis extension line of the light source module, and is used to receive the transmitted light signal; The second receiving probe is arranged at a position deviated from the optical axis and is used to receive scattered light signals caused by the presence of oil droplets; The photosensitive sensor jointly determines the oil leakage state according to the weakening of the transmitted light signal intensity and the strengthening of the scattered light signal intensity.

8. The hydropower generator set speed governor oil leakage monitoring, alarm, inspection and maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of light-sensitive sensors are arranged in a ring along the periphery of the speed regulator system to form a surrounding structure; The light source module of each of the photosensors faces the central area of ​​the speed regulator system; The annular arrangement structure is used to ensure that oil drop leakage from different directions can be detected by the corresponding photosensitive sensor receiving probe.

9. A hydropower generator set speed governor oil leakage monitoring, alarm, repair and maintenance system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A signal connection is established between the photosensor and the wireless repeater via electromagnetic coupling; The photosensor is provided with an inductive coil structure for receiving the electromagnetic field radiated by the reading antenna; The inductor enters a resonant state after receiving the voltage signal caused by the oil leakage, and causes the input impedance, phase or voltage parameters of the reading antenna to change through the coupling effect; The reading antenna transmits the above changes as response characteristics of the electrical signal to the wireless repeater for subsequent processing.

10. A method for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower generator speed regulator, using a system for monitoring, alarming, repairing and maintaining oil leakage of a hydropower generator speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: In the parts of the speed governor system that are prone to oil leakage, a photosensitive sensor is used to detect changes in light signals; Converting the optical signal changes into electrical signals, amplifying and wirelessly transmitting the signals through wireless repeaters; receiving the electrical signal through a wireless gateway and performing communication protocol conversion and data management; The converted data is transmitted to the data processing unit for electrical signal analysis and to determine whether there is an oil leak; When the result of the judgment is oil leakage, the alarm is triggered to output an alarm message to prompt the maintenance personnel to handle it.

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