Rock mass sampling device for fault fracture area

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault fracture area rock mass sampling device, and relates to the technical field of rock mass sampling, the fault fracture area rock mass sampling device comprises a sampling barrel, the upper end of the sampling barrel is fixedly connected with a fixing rod, and the right side of the upper surface of the sampling barrel is fixedly connected with a conveying pipe in a penetrating manner. The sampling barrel is placed in a punched hole, the fixing rod is pressed to enable the sampling barrel to cut a rock mass in a fault fracture area, epoxy resin glue is injected through the conveying pipe and discharged from the discharging pipe, and the epoxy resin glue permeates into a sample crack from a cutting gap to fill the crack; when a solidified rock mass sample is adhered to the inner wall of the sampling barrel, then the sampling barrel is taken out, a motor, a circular plate and a lead screw fixing plate are matched with one another, so that a pushing block moves, the rock mass sample is moved out of the sampling barrel, during sampling, it is guaranteed that glue can smoothly permeate from a gap between the sampling barrel and the sample during glue injection, and the sampling efficiency is improved. And the integrity of the sample is ensured and the sample is not easy to break during taking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock sampling, and in particular to a rock sampling device for a fault fracture area. Background Art

[0002] Fault fracture zones are widespread in areas with complex geological structures. They are weakened zones of rock mass formed by intense shearing, crushing, and dislocation of rock strata under tectonic stress. They are often composed of a variety of loosely structured rocks with poor mechanical properties, such as fault gouge, breccia, mylonite, and cataclastic rock. Due to the development of internal fissures and complex joints, the uneven lithology, and loose structure of these geological bodies, they exhibit significant heterogeneity and discontinuity in mechanical behavior, hydrogeological response, and stability. Therefore, fault fracture zones are often considered high-risk zones in engineering geology, directly impacting the success or failure of major projects such as tunneling, slope stability, and reservoir dam foundation safety.

[0003] Accurately acquiring undisturbed rock samples from fault-fractured areas is fundamental for analyzing parameters such as mechanical properties, structural stability, and permeability. However, the rock mass in these areas has poor integrity and numerous, irregular fractures. Traditional drilling and core collection methods often struggle to obtain samples with good continuity and a true restoration of the structure. During the drilling process, core breakage, spalling, inclusions, and pore damage often occur due to rock mass disturbance or insufficient core structural support, severely impacting subsequent experimental analysis.

[0004] To compensate for the insufficient structural strength of rock samples, existing technologies generally use glue injection reinforcement technology. A common practice is to reinforce the surface or cracks of the core by injecting epoxy resin adhesives to improve its integrity when it is removed. However, the current glue injection method mostly uses vertical top-down pouring. In the transverse crack system of the fault fracture zone, the glue injection path does not match the crack distribution direction, resulting in the resin being unable to effectively penetrate into the rock mass and low bonding efficiency. What's more, some rock samples break again during the extraction process due to weak bonding, resulting in the scrapping of samples, seriously affecting on-site sampling efficiency and cost control.

[0005] In addition, traditional sampling devices generally have the following deficiencies in their structural design: (1) They lack a closed structure specifically for loose rock masses with high cracks, and are unable to form a stable wrapping support; (2) They lack an integrated design for injection and sampling, and the operation steps are cumbersome and time-consuming; (3) The injection path is single, and it is impossible to achieve multi-point uniform penetration; (4) The rock removal process relies on manual or external force pulling out, which can easily cause shear damage.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new sampling device with optimized structure, efficient glue injection, and suitable for fault-fragmented rock masses. This device can integrate rock wrapping, glue injection, solidification, and sample removal during the sampling process, significantly improving the integrity and representativeness of the sample. Therefore, a rock sampling device for fault-fragmented areas is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a rock sampling device for fault fracture areas, aiming to solve multiple key problems in the above-mentioned prior art. A rock sampling device for fault fracture areas based on multi-point glue injection and penetration and controllable push-to-sample is proposed. It has the advantages of reasonable structure, easy use, strong adaptability, and high sample integrity. It is particularly suitable for obtaining and preserving rock samples in fault fracture zones with many cracks, soft rock properties, and loose structure.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a rock sampling device for a fault fracture area, comprising a sampling cylinder, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a fixing rod, a conveying pipe passing through and fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the sampling cylinder, and a ring-shaped cutting block fixedly connected to the lower end of the sampling cylinder.

[0009] A connecting assembly is provided above the inner wall of the sampling cylinder, and a rock sample is provided below the inner wall of the sampling cylinder. The connecting assembly includes a cylinder and a motor. The outer surface of the delivery pipe passes through the interior of the cylinder and is fixedly connected. A connecting mounting port is provided on the lower surface of the inner wall of the cylinder, and an inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting port. A storage cavity is formed on the outer surface of the inner cylinder and the inner side of the cylinder, and a plurality of connecting through holes are provided in a circular array on the lower surface of the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that an aerobic resin binder can be provided inside the storage cavity.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the outer surface of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the top of the motor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the output shaft of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a screw rod, and a pushing block is provided at the lower end of the screw rod.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: fixed plates are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the middle part of the upper surface of the pushing block, the upper ends of the fixed plates on the left and right sides are fixedly connected to circular plates, the outer surfaces of the circular plates are fixedly connected to sliding blocks on the left and right sides, and the middle part of the upper surface of the circular plate is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the outer surface of the circular plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: sliding grooves are opened on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the interiors of the left and right sliding grooves correspond to the outer surfaces of the sliders respectively, and the interiors of the left and right sliding grooves are slidably connected to the outer surfaces of the sliders respectively.

[0016] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the inner walls of several of the through holes are fixedly connected with discharge pipes.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a first conical surface is provided on the inner side of the annular cutting block, and a second conical surface is provided on the outer surface of the annular cutting block.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the lower portion of the outer surface of the first conical surface is in an outwardly expanding state, and the lower portion of the outer surface of the second conical surface is in an inwardly contracting state.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the epoxy resin glue is made of the following raw materials, calculated by weight: 100 parts of epoxy resin A, 20-35 parts of amine curing agent B, 5-10 parts of toughening agent C, 2-8 parts of diluent D and 10-30 parts of filler E.

[0020] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the toughening agent C is liquid nitrile rubber or polyether material, the diluent D is a glycidyl ether low-viscosity diluent, and the filler E is silicon micropowder, talc powder or aluminum silicate.

[0021] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the epoxy resin glue is prepared by the following steps:

[0022] (1) Heat epoxy resin A in a water bath at 40–60°C with stirring;

[0023] (2) Add toughening agent C, diluent D, and filler E in sequence and mix well;

[0024] (3) After the system is uniform and cooled to room temperature, slowly add curing agent B;

[0025] (4) After vacuum degassing, the obtained epoxy resin adhesive has a viscosity of 300–800 mPa·s and a room temperature curing time of 2–4 hours.

[0026] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the epoxy resin glue has good fluidity and permeability at room temperature and is suitable for filling and bonding fault-broken rock masses with a crack width of 0.05-1.0 mm.

[0027] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0028] The present invention provides a rock sampling device for a fault-fragmented area. The sampling tube is placed in a hole after drilling, and a fixing rod is pressed to allow the sampling tube to enter the rock in the fault-fragmented area into the interior of the sampling tube. Epoxy resin glue is injected through a delivery tube and discharged from a discharge tube, so that the epoxy resin glue penetrates from the gap into the sampled rock sample and fills the crack. After solidification, the rock sample is adhered to the inner wall of the sampling tube. The sampling tube is then taken out, and the pushing block is moved by the mutual cooperation of a motor, a circular plate, and a screw fixing plate, so that the rock sample is removed from the interior of the sampling tube. The arrangement of this structure ensures that the glue can smoothly penetrate from the gap between the sampling tube and the sample during sampling, and the integrity of the sample is ensured and it is not easy to break when it is taken out.

[0029] By optimizing the components and improving the preparation process of epoxy resin glue, the present invention achieves excellent low viscosity, high permeability, and moderate curing rate, significantly improving the bonding effect during the sampling process of fault-fragmented rock masses. Compared with traditional general-purpose epoxy resin systems, the composite formula used can effectively penetrate fine cracks with a width of 0.05–1.0 mm. After curing, it has high bonding strength, good thermal stability, and good shear resistance, thereby improving the integrity and stability of rock samples during sampling, transportation, and subsequent testing. The epoxy resin system can also adapt to on-site operation requirements under different temperature and humidity conditions by adjusting the component ratio according to the construction environment, enhancing the practicality and reliability of the device in complex geological environments such as plateaus, humidity, or low temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sampling tube of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cylinder and the inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the annular cutting block of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Sampling cylinder; 2. Fixing rod; 3. Delivery pipe; 4. Annular cutting block; 41. Conical surface 1; 42. Conical surface 2; 5. Connecting assembly; 51. Cylinder; 52. Inner cylinder; 53. Storage chamber; 54. Through hole; 55. Motor; 56. Screw; 57. Fixing plate; 58. Pushing block; 59. Chute; 510. Circular plate; 501. Discharge pipe; 6. Rock sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0038] Example: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a rock sampling device for a fault fracture area, which includes a sampling tube 1, a fixing rod 2, a conveying pipe 3, an annular cutting block 4 and a connecting assembly 5.

[0039] The sampling tube 1 serves as the main structure of the entire device. A fixing rod 2 is fixedly connected to its upper end. The operator can install the fixing rod 2 in the pile driver. By starting the pile driver, the fixing rod 2 is pressed to drive the sampling tube 1 downward, allowing the sample to enter the interior of the sampling tube 1, facilitating the sampling operation. A delivery pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the sampling tube 1. The delivery pipe 3 is used to deliver epoxy resin glue to facilitate the penetration and solidification of the sample in the sampling tube 1 and ensure the integrity of the sample. The epoxy resin glue is stored in the storage chamber 53 of the connecting assembly 5. The lower end of the sampling tube 1 is fixedly connected to an annular cutting block 4. The inner side of the annular cutting block 4 is provided with a conical surface 1 41, and the outer side is provided with a conical surface 2 42. The lower side of the outer surface of the conical surface 1 41 is in an outwardly expanded state, and the lower side of the outer surface of the conical surface 2 42 is in an inwardly contracted state. This special conical surface design helps the annular cutting block 4 to more smoothly cut into the rock mass in the fault fracture area during sampling, thereby improving cutting efficiency.

[0040] In addition, before use, it is necessary to drill holes on the ground using a drilling device, and after drilling, it is convenient to place the sampling tube 1 in the hole for sampling operations. Among them, the drilling equipment and the pile driver are both existing technologies, and the specific working principles will not be repeated here.

[0041] Example 2: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the connecting assembly 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1, which includes a cylinder 51 and a motor 55. The outer surface of the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1, and the outer surface of the delivery tube 3 passes through the interior of the cylinder 51 and is fixedly connected. A connecting mounting port is provided on the lower surface of the inner wall of the cylinder 51, and the inner wall of the mounting port is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 52 by welding. The outer surface of the inner cylinder 52 and the inner side of the cylinder 51 form a storage cavity 53. The storage cavity 53 is used to store the epoxy resin glue delivered through the delivery tube 3 for temporary storage. A plurality of interconnected through holes 54 are provided in a circular array on the lower surface of the inner wall of the cylinder 51. The inner wall of each through hole 54 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 501. The discharge pipe 501 can guide the epoxy resin glue in the storage cavity 53 to the required position. For example, during the sampling process, the epoxy resin glue can be injected around the rock sample 6, and penetrate through the gap between the rock sample 6 and the sampling cylinder 1, and fill and bond the gap in the rock sample 6 firmly, thereby fixing and protecting the rock sample 6. When the epoxy resin glue solidifies and is bonded to the sampling cylinder 1, it is convenient to remove the rock sample 6 when the sampling cylinder 1 is removed.

[0042] Example 3: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a motor 55 is installed in the connecting assembly 5, with its top fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 52. The output shaft of the motor 55 is fixedly connected to a screw 56. A push block 58 is provided at the lower end of the screw 56, and the lower end of the screw 56 is in contact with the upper surface of the push block 58. A fixed plate 57 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the push block 58 on both sides. The upper ends of the left and right fixed plates 57 are fixedly connected to a circular plate 510. The outer surface of the circular plate 510 is fixedly connected to the left and right sides. The middle of the upper surface of the circular plate 510 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw 56, and the outer surface of the circular plate 510 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 52. A chute 59 is formed on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 52. The interior of the left and right chute 59 corresponds to the outer surface of the slider, and the interior of the left and right chute 59 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the slider.

[0043] When the motor 55 is started, its output shaft drives the screw 56 to rotate. Since the circular plate 510 is threadedly connected to the screw 56 and the circular plate 510 is slidably connected to the inner cylinder 52 via the slider and the slide groove 59, the rotation of the circular plate 510 is restricted. Therefore, the rotation of the screw 56 causes the circular plate 510 to move downward along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 52. The downward movement of the circular plate 510 drives the push block 58 downward through the fixed plate 57. The movement of the push block 58 pushes the rock sample 6, causing the rock sample 6 to be loosened from the sampling cylinder 1, making it easier to remove the rock sample 6.

[0044] Example 4: In a tunnel project in the southwest region, a fault fracture zone with a width of about 1.2m was discovered. The rock mass was mainly composed of breccia, with dense cracks and an average width of about 0.1-0.4mm. The original core drilling method was difficult to obtain structurally intact core samples. The project used the fault fracture area rock sampling device provided by the present invention for on-site sampling.

[0045] First, drill a hole to the target depth with the aid of a drilling device. Insert the sampling tube 1 of this device into the hole, and use a pile driver to drive the fixing rod 2, which drives the annular cutting block 4 to smoothly cut into the rock mass along the conical surface structure, forming a wrapped sampling structure. Then, inject pre-prepared epoxy resin glue through the delivery pipe 3. The epoxy resin glue is prepared according to the following ratio:

[0046] Epoxy resin A: 100 parts

[0047] Curing agent B (fatty amine): 30 parts

[0048] Toughener C (liquid nitrile rubber): 6 parts

[0049] Diluent D (glycidyl ether): 5 parts

[0050] Filler E (silicon powder): 20 parts

[0051] The preparation process is as follows: Epoxy resin A is heated to 50°C and stirred evenly, C, D, and E are added in sequence and mixed, then cooled to room temperature and curing agent B is slowly added and stirred evenly, and finally vacuum degassing is performed for 5 minutes to control the viscosity at approximately 400 mPa·s.

[0052] After injection, the resin was allowed to sit for two hours, allowing it to penetrate the gap between the sampling tube 1 and the rock sample 6 and fill the cracks. Once fully cured, the sample tube and the sample were removed. A motor 55 within the device drove the screw 56, which in turn moved the circular plate 510 and pusher block 58 downward, releasing the sample. The resulting rock sample exhibited high integrity and clear fractures, making it suitable for subsequent triaxial shear and seepage-mechanical coupling experiments.

[0053] This example verifies the applicability of the device in high-fracture-rate fault fracture zones and proves that the optimized epoxy resin formula has good fluidity and bonding properties in complex environments, providing accurate and reliable physical samples for subsequent engineering geological analysis.

[0054] Working principle: When sampling rock in a fault fracture area, the sampling tube 1 is placed in the drilled hole, and pressure is applied to the fixing rod 2 to align the annular cutting block 4 with the rock position to be sampled. A certain pressure is applied to make the annular cutting block 4 cut into the rock and allow the rock sample 6 to enter the interior of the sampling tube 1. Then, the epoxy resin glue is injected into the storage cavity 53 through the setting of the conveying pipe 3, and is injected around the rock sample 6 through the discharge pipe 501, and the epoxy resin glue penetrates the gap between the rock sample 6 and the sampling tube 1, and fills the gap in the rock sample 6 and solidifies, so that the rock sample 6 is in a complete state and adheres to the inner wall of the sampling tube 1. Then, the fixing rod 2 and the sampling tube 1 are moved out of the hole, the motor 55 is started, the screw rod 56 is driven to rotate, and the circular plate 510, the fixing plate 57 and the pushing block 58 are moved to loosen the rock sample 6 and the inner wall of the sampling tube 1, so that the rock sample 6 is easy to remove.

[0055] The above specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the embodiments as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A rock sampling device for a fault fracture area, comprising a sampling tube (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the sampling cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (2), the right side of the upper surface of the sampling cylinder (1) is penetrated and fixedly connected to a delivery pipe (3), and the lower end of the sampling cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to an annular cutting block (4); A connecting assembly (5) is provided above the inner wall of the sampling cylinder (1), and a rock sample (6) is provided below the inner wall of the sampling cylinder (1). The connecting assembly (5) includes a cylinder (51) and a motor (55). The outer surface of the delivery pipe (3) passes through the interior of the cylinder (51) and is fixedly connected. A connecting mounting port is provided on the lower surface of the inner wall of the cylinder (51). The inner wall of the connecting port is fixedly connected to an inner cylinder (52). The outer surface of the inner cylinder (52) and the inner side of the cylinder (51) form a storage cavity (53). A plurality of connecting through holes (54) are provided in an annular array on the lower surface of the inner wall of the cylinder (51). An oxygen resin binder is provided inside the storage cavity (53). The outer surface of the cylinder (51) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder (1).

2. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the motor (55) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the inner cylinder (52), the output shaft of the cylinder (51) is fixedly connected to a screw rod (56), and the lower end of the screw rod (56) is provided with a pushing block (58).

3. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle of the upper surface of the pushing block (58) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (57) on both sides, and the upper ends of the fixed plates (57) on both sides are fixedly connected to a circular plate (510). The outer surface of the circular plate (510) is fixedly connected to sliders on both sides, and the middle of the upper surface of the circular plate (510) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod (56).

4. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the circular plate (510) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder (52).

5. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inner cylinder (52) is provided with a slide groove (59) on both sides, and the interior of the slide grooves (59) on the left and right sides respectively corresponds to the outer surface of the slider, and the interior of the slide grooves (59) on the left and right sides are respectively slidably connected to the outer surface of the slider, and the inner walls of several through holes (54) are fixedly connected with a discharge pipe (501), the inner side of the annular cutting block (4) is provided with a conical surface 1 (41), and the outer surface of the annular cutting block (4) is provided with a conical surface 2 (42).

6. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower portion of the outer surface of the first conical surface (41) is in an outwardly expanding state, and the lower portion of the outer surface of the second conical surface (42) is in an inwardly contracting state.

7. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 2, characterized in that: The epoxy resin glue comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of epoxy resin A, 20-35 parts of amine curing agent B, 5-10 parts of toughening agent C, 2-8 parts of diluent D and 10-30 parts of filler E.

8. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The toughening agent C is liquid nitrile rubber or polyether material, the diluent D is a glycidyl ether low-viscosity diluent, and the filler E is silicon micropowder, talc powder or aluminum silicate.

9. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 8, characterized in that: The epoxy resin glue is prepared by the following steps: (1) Heat epoxy resin A in a water bath at 40–60°C with stirring; (2) Add toughening agent C, diluent D, and filler E in sequence and mix well; (3) After the system is uniform and cooled to room temperature, slowly add curing agent B; (4) After vacuum degassing, the obtained epoxy resin adhesive has a viscosity of 300–800 mPa·s and a room temperature curing time of 2–4 hours.

10. The rock sampling device for a fault fracture area according to claim 7, characterized in that: The epoxy resin adhesive has good fluidity and permeability at room temperature and is suitable for filling and bonding fault-broken rock masses with a crack width of 0.05-1.0 mm.

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