Transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system and a detection method. The system comprises a light source module, a fluorescence excitation and focusing module, a fluorescence detection module, a single chip microcomputer and an analysis module which are inserted and fixed on a building block type bottom plate, the light source module comprises a light source assembly. The fluorescence excitation and focusing module comprises a bearing component, a narrow-band filtering component, a dichroscope component, a sample chamber component, a driving component, a transmission component, a moving component and a focusing component; the bearing component comprises a bottom plate and a movable limiting device fixed to the bottom plate in an inserted mode. The fluorescence excitation and focusing module is inserted and fixed on the building block type bottom plate through the bottom plate; the fluorescence detection module comprises a slit assembly, a reflector assembly, a transmission grating assembly and an imaging assembly; compared with existing fluorescence detection equipment, the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system is flexible in application, capable of switching various exciting lights to adapt to various fluorescence detection, high in resolution ratio, small in size and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluorescence spectrum detection, and in particular to a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system and detection method. Background Art

[0002] Fluorescence spectroscopy works by stimulating fluorescent substances in a sample with a light source, causing them to produce excitation light. A detector then detects and analyzes this spectrum, providing information about the substance being examined. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a technique for qualitative and quantitative analysis based on the property of substances emitting fluorescence after absorbing light of specific wavelengths. This technique offers advantages such as high sensitivity, high selectivity, and non-destructive analysis, and is widely used in fields such as biomedicine, environmental monitoring, food safety, and materials science.

[0003] However, most of the existing fluorescence detection equipment is relatively expensive, with a price of more than 20,000 yuan, and is difficult to use in actual use. The common homemade spectrometers on the market have a resolution of 10nm, which is limited and limits the use scenarios of fluorescence spectrum detection.

[0004] Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is a highly sensitive spectroscopic analysis technique. Its basic principle is that fluorescent molecules absorb light of a specific wavelength and are excited to a higher energy level. They then emit fluorescence upon returning to their ground state, and the fluorescence signal is used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of substances. It has been widely used in fields such as environmental monitoring, biomedical research, forensic identification, and safety testing. A typical LIF system is usually built in a laboratory and requires the builder to have high professional skills in optics, mechanics, electronics, and debugging. With the increasing demand for on-site analysis and other point-of-care testing, many miniaturized and portable LIF detection systems have been gradually developed, but some technical challenges still exist. For example, Zhang Lingling, Chen Yuan, and others from the Shanghai Institute of Laser Technology used fiber couplers to achieve modularization and miniaturization of light sources, optical path detection, and fluorescence analysis. The fluorescence probe module structure of this system is relatively complex, and the manufacturing and assembly process presents certain challenges. Although Pan Jianzhang, Zhang Mengting and others from the Department of Chemistry at Zhejiang University used commercially available 3D-printed building blocks to build a modular laser-induced fluorescence detection system, the system is relatively large and uses photodiodes for fluorescence signal detection, which makes it impossible to display the fluorescence spectrum intuitively and promptly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of high cost and great difficulty in practical use of the existing technology, and the limited resolution of homemade spectrometers, which restricts the use scenarios of fluorescence spectrum detection. A transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system and detection method are proposed.

[0006] The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the present invention adopts a modular design, and is adapted to the assembly of different module designs. 3D building block plug-in is used to complete module connection and instrument assembly, which effectively reduces the difficulty of getting started with fluorescence spectrum detection and clearly displays the assembly form of each module, thereby enabling real-time display of the fluorescence spectrum, improving resolution, and broadening the scope of use of fluorescence spectrum detection. In addition, the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the present invention is low-cost and can be more widely used.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmissive building block fluorescence spectrum detection system, the transmissive building block fluorescence spectrum detection system comprising: a light source module, a fluorescence excitation and focusing module, a fluorescence detection module, a single chip microcomputer, and an analysis module plugged and fixed on a building block base plate;

[0008] The light source module includes a light source assembly; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module includes: a carrying component, a narrowband filter assembly, a dichroic mirror assembly, a sample chamber assembly, a drive assembly, a transmission assembly, a moving component and a focusing assembly; the carrying component includes a base plate and a moving limit device plugged and fixed to the base plate; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module is plugged and fixed to the building block base plate through the base plate; the fluorescence detection module includes a slit assembly, a reflector assembly, a transmission grating assembly and an imaging assembly;

[0009] The laser emitted by the light source assembly sequentially passes through the narrow-band filter assembly and the dichroic mirror assembly to irradiate the sample to be tested in the sample chamber assembly, and excites the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence; the single-chip microcomputer sends a displacement instruction to the driving assembly, and the driving assembly drives the transmission assembly to drive the moving assembly to move along the movable limit device according to the displacement instruction, and causes the moving assembly to drive the focusing assembly to move; the fluorescence is reflected to the focusing assembly by the dichroic mirror assembly; the focusing assembly filters and focuses the reflected fluorescence; the filtered and focused fluorescence passes through the slit assembly and is reflected by the reflector assembly to generate reflected light; the reflected light enters the transmission grating assembly and is diffracted to form diffracted light; the imaging assembly collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and sends the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module; the analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

[0010] Preferably, the light source assembly includes: a light source fixing frame and a laser light source; the laser light source is plugged and fixed on the building block base plate through the light source fixing frame.

[0011] Preferably, the narrowband filter assembly is arranged between the light source assembly and the dichroic mirror assembly; the narrowband filter assembly includes a narrowband filter and a narrowband filter fixing seat; the narrowband filter is plugged and fixed on the first building block through the narrowband filter fixing seat;

[0012] The dichroic mirror assembly comprises: a dichroic mirror fixing seat and a dichroic mirror; the dichroic mirror is plugged and fixed on the first building block through the dichroic mirror fixing seat;

[0013] The sample chamber assembly includes: a cuvette fixing seat and a cuvette; the cuvette is plugged and fixed on the first building block through the cuvette fixing seat; the cuvette carries the sample to be tested;

[0014] The first building block is fixed to the base plate by plugging the building blocks together, and a groove is provided at the lower end of the first building block for the transmission assembly to pass through;

[0015] The centers of the laser light source, the narrowband filter and the dichroic mirror are on the same straight line;

[0016] The laser light emitted by the laser light source is filtered by the narrow-band filter and then irradiated onto the sample to be tested through the dichroic mirror, thereby exciting the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence;

[0017] The angle between the narrowband filter and the laser light emitted by the laser light source is 0°; the angle between the mirror surface of the dichroic mirror and the laser light passing through the narrowband filter is 45°.

[0018] Preferably, the base plate is fixed on the building block base plate by plugging one or more building blocks;

[0019] The driving assembly includes: a stepper motor fixing seat, a stepper motor and a gear; the stepper motor is fixed to the stepper motor fixing seat by bolts; the gear is plugged into the motor shaft of the stepper motor;

[0020] The transmission assembly includes a rack; the gear is engaged with the rack;

[0021] The movable part includes a limiting slider; the limiting slider has a protrusion and a groove; the focusing assembly is inserted and fixed in the groove;

[0022] The bottom plate has a receiving groove, the rack is arranged in the receiving groove, and the end of the rack is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting slider; the other end of the limiting slider is connected to the focusing assembly;

[0023] The movement limiting device specifically includes a lateral groove;

[0024] The protrusion is arranged in the lateral groove and moves along with the rack to drive the limiting slider, so that the protrusion slides in the groove.

[0025] Preferably, the focusing assembly comprises: a bracket fixing seat, a lens bracket, a filter and a focusing lens; the bracket fixing seat is plugged and fixed on the limit slider; the lens bracket is fixed to the bracket fixing seat by a top screw; the filter and the focusing lens are respectively fixed to the lens bracket by a retaining ring;

[0026] The stepping motor drives the gear to rotate according to the displacement instruction issued by the single chip microcomputer, and the gear drives the rack to move, so that the limit slider at the end of the rack and the lens holder on the limit slider move to a specified position along the movement direction of the rack;

[0027] The fluorescence is reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly and reaches the focusing assembly. The fluorescence reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly is filtered by the filter and then focused by the focusing lens, so that the fluorescence beam is focused onto the slit assembly.

[0028] Preferably, the fluorescence detection module further comprises a light-shielding housing; the light-shielding housing is plugged and fixed on the building block base; the light-shielding housing is provided with a fluorescence inlet and a USB interface; one end of the USB interface is connected to the imaging component, and the other end is connected to the analysis module via a data cable;

[0029] The slit assembly is plugged and fixed at the fluorescent inlet; the slit assembly is provided with a slit;

[0030] The reflector assembly includes: a reflector, a reflector seat, a first rotating platform and a first rotating base; the reflector is fixed to the reflector seat by bolts; the reflector seat is plugged and fixed to the first rotating platform; the first rotating platform is plugged and fixed to the building block base;

[0031] The transmission grating assembly includes: a transmission grating, a transmission grating seat, a second rotating platform, and a second rotating base; the transmission grating is plugged and fixed in a groove of the transmission grating seat; the transmission grating seat is plugged and fixed on the second rotating platform; the second rotating platform is plugged and fixed on the second rotating base; the second rotating base is plugged and fixed on the building block base;

[0032] The imaging assembly includes an imaging lens; the imaging assembly is plugged and fixed on the second rotating platform;

[0033] The filtered and focused fluorescence passes through the fluorescence inlet and then passes through the slit to irradiate the reflector, and is reflected by the reflector to generate reflected light;

[0034] The reflected light is diffracted by the transmission grating to form diffracted light;

[0035] The imaging component collects the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and transmits the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module through the data line;

[0036] The analysis module analyzes the acquired fluorescence image signal and generates a fluorescence spectrum image.

[0037] Preferably, the width of the slit is between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm;

[0038] The transmission grating has a length of 25 mm, a width of 25 mm and a thickness of 3 mm;

[0039] The imaging lens is a CMOS camera; the resolution of the CMOS camera is 720P and the horizontal pixel is 720.

[0040] Preferably, before the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system detects the sample to be tested, the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system is first calibrated with a standard sample, and the plug-in positions of the light source module, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module, the fluorescence detection module and the building block base plate, as well as the positions and setting angles of the light source assembly, the narrow-band filter assembly, the dichroic mirror assembly, the sample chamber assembly, the focusing assembly, the reflector assembly, the transmission grating assembly and the imaging assembly are determined through the calibration.

[0041] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a detection method using the transmissive building block fluorescence spectrum detection system described in the first aspect, the detection method comprising:

[0042] A transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system is calibrated using a standard sample; wherein the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system comprises: a light source module, a fluorescence excitation and focusing module, a fluorescence detection module, a single-chip microcomputer and an analysis module, which are plugged and fixed on a building block base plate; the light source module comprises a light source assembly; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module comprises: a bearing component, a narrow-band filter assembly, a dichroic mirror assembly, a sample chamber assembly, a drive assembly, a transmission assembly, a moving component and a focusing assembly; the bearing component comprises a base plate and a moving limit device plugged and fixed on the base plate; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module is plugged and fixed on the building block base plate through the base plate; the fluorescence detection module comprises a slit assembly, a reflector assembly, a transmission grating assembly and an imaging assembly;

[0043] After the calibration, the light source module is started, and the laser light emitted by the light source assembly passes through the narrow-band filter assembly and the dichroic mirror assembly in sequence and then irradiates the sample to be tested carried by the sample chamber assembly, thereby exciting the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence;

[0044] The dichroic mirror assembly reflects the fluorescence so that the reflected fluorescence enters the focusing assembly;

[0045] The focusing component filters and focuses the reflected fluorescence onto the slit component of the fluorescence detection module;

[0046] After the fluorescence has been filtered and focused, it passes through the slit assembly, is reflected by the reflector assembly, enters the transmission grating assembly, and is diffracted to form diffracted light;

[0047] The imaging component collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and sends the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module;

[0048] The analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

[0049] Preferably, the light source assembly includes a light source fixing frame and a laser light source; the narrowband filter assembly includes a narrowband filter and a narrowband filter fixing seat; the dichroic mirror assembly includes a dichroic mirror fixing seat and a dichroic mirror; the sample chamber assembly includes a cuvette fixing seat and a cuvette; the drive assembly includes a stepper motor fixing seat, a stepper motor and a gear; the transmission assembly includes a rack; the moving part includes a limit slider; the focusing assembly includes a bracket fixing seat, a lens bracket, a filter and a focusing lens; the slit assembly is provided with a slit; the reflector assembly includes a reflector, a reflector seat, a first rotating stage and a first rotating base; the transmission grating assembly includes a transmission grating, a transmission grating seat, a second rotating stage and a second rotating base; the imaging assembly includes an imaging lens;

[0050] The detection method comprises:

[0051] The method of calibrating the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system using a standard sample specifically includes: placing the standard sample in the cuvette, starting the laser light source to emit laser light, allowing the laser light to sequentially pass through the narrow-band filter and the dichroic mirror to irradiate the standard sample, thereby exciting the standard sample to generate standard sample fluorescence; the dichroic mirror reflects the standard sample fluorescence, allowing the reflected standard sample fluorescence to enter the filtering and focusing component, and then pass through the slit to reach the reflector after being filtered by the filter and focused by the focusing lens, and then enter the transmission grating for diffraction after being reflected by the reflector to form standard diffracted light; the imaging component collects and processes the standard diffracted light, generates a standard fluorescence image signal, and sends it to the analysis module; the analysis module analyzes and processes the standard fluorescence image signal to obtain a test fluorescence spectrum image; the test fluorescence spectrum image is compared with the fluorescence spectrum image of the standard sample in the analysis module to obtain an error value, and the error value is calculated based on the error value. The difference value adjusts the plug-in position of the light source module, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module, the fluorescence detection module and the building block base plate, as well as the position and setting angle of the light source assembly, the narrowband filter assembly, the dichroic mirror assembly, the sample chamber assembly, the focusing assembly, the reflector assembly, the transmission grating assembly and the imaging assembly. The adjusting of the focusing assembly specifically includes: the single chip microcomputer sends a displacement instruction to the stepper motor, the stepper motor drives the gear to move according to the displacement instruction, and the gear drives the rack to move, so that the limit slider at the end of the rack and the lens holder on the limit slider move to a specified position along the movement direction of the rack; the adjusting of the reflector assembly includes: rotating the first rotating stage according to the error value, so that the first rotating stage drives the reflector seat and the reflector to rotate to a suitable position; the adjusting of the transmission grating assembly includes: rotating the second rotating stage according to the error value, so that the second rotating stage drives the transmission grating seat and the transmission grating to rotate to a suitable position;

[0052] After the calibration, the sample to be tested is placed in the cuvette, the laser light source is started, and the laser light emitted by the laser light source passes through the narrow-band filter and the dichroic mirror in sequence and then irradiates the sample to be tested, thereby exciting the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence;

[0053] The dichroic mirror reflects the fluorescence so that the reflected fluorescence enters the focusing assembly;

[0054] The filter filters the reflected fluorescence and then focuses it through the focusing lens, so that the filtered and focused fluorescence is focused on the slit;

[0055] After the focused fluorescent light passes through the slit, it is reflected by the reflector and enters the transmission grating to be diffracted, thereby forming diffracted light;

[0056] The imaging lens collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and transmits the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module via a data line;

[0057] The analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention provide a building block-type transmission building block fluorescence spectrum detection system and detection method, which have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0059] (1) The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention fixes the light source module, fluorescence excitation and focusing module and fluorescence detection module on the building block base plate by plugging. The module replacement design can be carried out according to different usage scenarios, while ensuring the high compatibility of the corresponding modules as much as possible, effectively reducing the difficulty of getting started with fluorescence spectrum detection and broadening the scope of use of fluorescence spectrum detection. In addition, since the present invention integrates the bearing components, narrowband filter components, dichroic mirror components, sample chamber components, drive components, transmission components, moving components and focusing components in the fluorescence excitation and focusing module by plugging and fixing, there is no need to move the light source module. It is only necessary to adjust the plug-in position and height of each component in the fluorescence excitation and focusing module according to the actual application scenario. In addition, using a transmission grating with a line of 1200nm or more, the resolution reaches 2nm-3nm, and more preferably 2nm-2.11nm.

[0060] (2) The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can not only ensure high spectral resolution by assembling various optical elements by building blocks, but also can facilitate convenient and smooth adjustment of the focal length by driving the focusing assembly on the moving component along the moving limit device provided in the supporting component through the moving limit device.

[0061] (3) The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention integrates the transmission grating component with the imaging lens component, thereby reducing the volume of the fluorescence detection module and further reducing the overall volume of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system, so that the overall volume is less than or equal to 96 mm × 96 mm × 60 mm.

[0062] (4) In the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the present invention, each module is composed of relatively common and low-cost components. Compared with the price of existing fluorescence detection equipment of tens of thousands of yuan, the cost of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the present invention is within 300 yuan, which greatly reduces the cost. This also makes the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system of the present invention have a broader market prospect.

[0063] (5) The detection method based on the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is simple, and different components can be replaced according to the needs of different test samples. Among them, the introduction of the narrow-band filter allows only the narrow-band filter to be replaced to select a specific excitation light source without replacing the light source module. The method is easy to use and has high detection efficiency. The use of the imaging lens can directly receive spectral information and display the spectrum in different software, thereby enabling the real-time display of the fluorescence spectrum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a detection method using a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a top view of a structural schematic diagram of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 4 A three-dimensional side view of a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention does not include a schematic diagram of the light path (the dotted line with an arrow indicates the light path) of the building block floor.

[0069] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the light source module and fluorescence excitation and focusing module of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the carrying component, driving component, transmission component, moving component and focusing component in the fluorescence excitation and focusing module of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 8This is a structural diagram of the movable limiting device and limiting slider of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a fluorescence detection module of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the light shield and slit of the fluorescence detection module of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to a preferred solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 11 This is a spectral image obtained by detecting a standard halogen light source using the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 12 For the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system of Example 1 of the present invention, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peak value of the standard light source 561 nm is 2.11 nm.

[0076] Figure 13 The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system of Example 1 of the present invention is used to detect the peak value and shape of the fluorescent whitening agent.

[0077] Figure 14 To detect the peak and shape of fluorescent whitening agents using a commercially available conventional spectrometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the embodiments described are only some, not all, of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0080] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 1 includes: a building block base plate 11, a light source module 12 and a fluorescence excitation and focusing module 13, a single-chip computer 14, a fluorescence detection module 15 and an analysis module 16; wherein, the light source module 12, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module 13 and the fluorescence detection module 15 are plugged and fixed on the building block base plate 11.

[0081] The light source module 12 includes a light source assembly 121 .

[0082] The fluorescence excitation and focusing module 13 includes: a carrying component 131, a narrow-band filter assembly 132, a dichroic mirror assembly 133, a sample chamber assembly 134, a driving assembly 135, a transmission assembly 136, a moving component 137 and a focusing assembly 138; specifically, the carrying component 131 includes a base plate 21 (not shown in the figure), and a movable limiting device (not shown in the figure) plugged and fixed on the base plate 21, and the fluorescence excitation and focusing module 13 is plugged and fixed on the building block base plate 11 through the base plate 21.

[0083] The fluorescence detection module 15 includes a slit assembly 151 , a reflector assembly 152 , a transmission grating assembly 153 and an imaging assembly 154 .

[0084] The working process of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 1 is as follows: the laser emitted by the light source component 121 sequentially passes through the narrow-band filter component 132 and the dichroic mirror component 133 to irradiate the sample to be tested in the sample chamber component 134, and stimulates the sample to be tested to produce fluorescence; the single-chip microcomputer 14 sends a displacement instruction to the driving component 135, and the driving component 135 drives the transmission component 136 according to the displacement instruction to drive the moving component 137 to move along the moving limit device (not shown in the figure), and the moving component 137 drives the focusing component 138 to move; the fluorescence passes through The dichroic mirror assembly 133 reflects the light to the focusing assembly 138; the focusing assembly 138 filters and focuses the reflected fluorescence; the filtered and focused fluorescence passes through the slit assembly 151 and is reflected by the reflector assembly 152 to generate reflected light; the reflected light enters the transmission grating assembly 153 and is diffracted to form diffracted light; the imaging assembly 154 collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and sends the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module 16; the analysis module 16 analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention provides a detection method using the above-mentioned transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, combined Figure 1 The detection method is described. The detection method specifically includes the following steps:

[0086] Step S1, calibrating the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 1 using a standard sample;

[0087] Specifically, the process includes: first, placing a standard sample in the sample chamber assembly 134, starting the light source assembly 121, and allowing the laser to pass through the narrowband filter assembly 132 and the dichroic mirror assembly 133 in sequence to irradiate the standard sample, thereby exciting the standard sample to generate standard sample fluorescence; the dichroic mirror assembly 133 reflects the standard sample fluorescence, allowing the reflected standard sample fluorescence to enter the focusing assembly 138, and after filtering and focusing in sequence, pass through the slit assembly 151 to reach the reflector assembly 152, and then reflect into the transmission grating assembly 153 for diffraction to form standard diffracted light; the imaging assembly 154 collects and processes the standard diffracted light to generate a standard fluorescence image. The signal is sent to the analysis module 16; the analysis module 16 analyzes and processes the standard fluorescence image signal to obtain a test fluorescence spectrum image; the test fluorescence spectrum image is compared with the fluorescence spectrum image of the standard sample in the analysis module 16 to obtain an error value, and the plug-in position of the light source module 12, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module 13, the fluorescence detection module 15 and the building block base plate 11, as well as the position and setting angle of the light source assembly 121, the narrow-band filter assembly 132, the dichroic mirror assembly 133, the sample chamber assembly 134, the focusing assembly 138, the reflector assembly 152, the transmission grating assembly 153 and the imaging assembly 154 are adjusted according to the error value.

[0088] Step S2: After calibration, the light source module 12 is activated. The laser light emitted by the light source assembly 121 passes through the narrowband filter assembly 132 and the dichroic mirror assembly 133 in sequence and then irradiates the sample to be tested carried by the sample chamber assembly 134, thereby stimulating the sample to be tested to produce fluorescence.

[0089] Step S3: the dichroic mirror assembly 133 reflects the fluorescence, and the reflected fluorescence enters the focusing assembly 138;

[0090] Step S4: the focusing assembly 138 filters and focuses the reflected fluorescence onto the slit assembly 151 of the fluorescence detection module 15;

[0091] Step S5: After the filtered and focused fluorescence passes through the slit assembly 151, it is reflected by the reflector assembly 152 and enters the transmission grating assembly 153 where it is diffracted to form diffracted light.

[0092] Step S6: the imaging component 154 collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and sends the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module 16;

[0093] In step S7, the analysis module 16 analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

[0094] Example 1

[0095] This embodiment provides a preferred solution of the above-mentioned transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 1, a transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 (referred to as system 2), through Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 The structure of system 2 will be described.

[0096] Figure 3 is the top view of system 2, Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional side view of system 2, from which it can be seen that system 2 includes: a light source module 32 plugged and fixed on the building block base 31, a fluorescence excitation and focusing module 33, a fluorescence detection module 34, a single-chip microcomputer (not shown in the figure) and an analysis module (not shown in the figure).

[0097] Specifically, such as Figure 5 The top plan view of the system 2 shown does not include the modular base plate, Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light source module and fluorescence excitation and focusing module of system 2, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing component, driving component, transmission component, moving component and focusing component of system 2. Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the movable limit device and the limit slider. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluorescence detection module of system 2. Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light shield and slit of the fluorescence detection module.

[0098] pass Figures 5 to 10 You can see:

[0099] The light source module 32 includes a light source assembly 321, which includes a light source mounting bracket 41 and a laser light source 42. The laser light source 42 is plugged into and fixed to the modular base plate 31 via the light source mounting bracket 41. The laser light source 42 can be a laser pen or a laser. The laser light emitted by the laser light source 42 includes, but is not limited to, a continuous spectrum of white light.

[0100] The fluorescence excitation and focusing module 33 includes a carrier 331, a narrowband filter assembly 332, a dichroic mirror assembly 333, a sample chamber assembly 334, a drive assembly 335, a transmission assembly 336, a moving component 337, and a focusing assembly 338. The carrier 331 includes a base plate 51 and a movement-limiting device 52 plugged into and fixed to the base plate 51. The fluorescence excitation and focusing module 33 is plugged into and fixed to the modular base plate 31 via the base plate 51. The movement-limiting device 52 includes a movement-limiting device 52-1 and a movement-limiting device 52-2, which are symmetrically plugged into the base plate 51.

[0101] The fluorescence detection module 34 includes a slit assembly 341 , a reflector assembly 342 , a transmission grating assembly 343 and an imaging assembly 344 .

[0102] Among them, the narrowband filter assembly 332 is arranged between the light source assembly 321 and the dichroic mirror assembly 333; the narrowband filter assembly 332 includes a narrowband filter 43 and a narrowband filter fixing seat 44; the narrowband filter 43 is plugged and fixed on the first building block (not shown in the figure) through the narrowband filter fixing seat 44.

[0103] The dichroic mirror assembly 333 includes a dichroic mirror fixing seat 45 and a dichroic mirror 46 . The dichroic mirror 46 is plugged and fixed on the first building block (not shown) through the dichroic mirror fixing seat 45 .

[0104] The sample chamber assembly 334 includes: a cuvette holder 47 and a cuvette 48 ; the cuvette 48 is plugged and fixed on a first building block (not shown in the figure) through the cuvette holder 47 ; the cuvette 48 carries the sample to be tested.

[0105] The first building block (not shown) is plugged and fixed on the building block A and the building block B; the building block A and the building block B are plugged and fixed on the bottom plate 21, wherein the building block A or the building block B has a protrusion for plugging with the first building block (not shown); the building block A or the building block B can be a 2×2 fixed protrusion building block or two 1×2 fixed protrusion building blocks. The size of the building blocks can be selected according to the actual application, such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the building block A in Example 1 is composed of two 1×2 fixed-position building blocks, and the building block B is a 2×2 fixed-position building block. In addition, the lower end of the first building block (not shown) is provided with a groove for the transmission assembly 336 to pass through.

[0106] The centers of the laser light source 42, narrowband filter 43, and dichroic mirror 46 are aligned. The angle between the narrowband filter 43 and the laser light emitted from the laser light source 42 is 0°; the angle between the mirror surface of the dichroic mirror 46 and the laser light transmitted through the narrowband filter 43 is 45°. The laser light emitted from the laser light source 42 is filtered by the narrowband filter 43, passes through the dichroic mirror 46, and then illuminates the sample to be tested, stimulating the sample to produce fluorescence.

[0107] The driving assembly 335 includes: a stepper motor fixing base 51, a stepper motor 52 and a gear 53; the stepper motor 52 is fixed to the stepper motor fixing base 51 by bolts; the gear 53 is plugged into the motor shaft of the stepper motor 52;

[0108] The transmission assembly 336 includes a rack 54; the gear 53 is engaged with the rack 54;

[0109] The moving component 337 includes a limiting slider 55; the limiting slider 55 has a protrusion 551 and a groove 552;

[0110] The rack 54 is disposed in the receiving groove 56 , and the end of the rack 54 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting slider 55 ; the other end of the limiting slider 55 is connected to the focusing assembly 338 ;

[0111] The movable limiting device 52 specifically includes a lateral groove 521 ; the protrusion 551 of the limiting slider 55 is disposed in the lateral groove 521 , and as the rack 54 drives the limiting slider 55 to move, the protrusion 551 slides in the lateral groove 221 .

[0112] The base plate 21 can be directly plugged into the modular floor 33, or it can be fixed to the modular base plate 31 via one or more building blocks. The choice is made based on the actual installation situation to calibrate the positions of the narrowband filter assembly 332, the dichroic mirror assembly 333, and the sample chamber assembly 334 without adjusting the position of the light source assembly 321. In Example 1, the floor 21 is plugged and fixed to the modular base plate 31 via building blocks C and D. In addition, the base plate 21 has a receiving groove 56 for the transmission assembly 336 to move within the receiving groove 56. Figure 7 shown.

[0113] The focusing assembly 338 includes: a bracket fixing seat 61, a lens bracket 62, a filter 63 and a focusing lens 64; the bracket fixing seat 61 is plugged and fixed on the limit slider 55; the lens bracket 62 is fixed on the bracket fixing seat 61 by a top screw; the filter 63 and the focusing lens 64 are respectively fixed on the lens bracket 62 by a retaining ring.

[0114] The stepper motor 52 drives the gear 53 to rotate according to the displacement instruction issued by the single chip microcomputer (not shown in the figure), and the gear 53 drives the rack 54 to move, so that the limit slider 55 at the end of the rack 54 and the lens bracket 62 on the limit slider 55 move to the specified position along the movement direction of the rack 54.

[0115] The fluorescent light is reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly 333 and reaches the focusing assembly 338 . The fluorescent light reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly 333 is filtered by the filter 63 and then focused by the focusing lens 64 , so that the fluorescent light beam is focused onto the slit assembly 341 .

[0116] The fluorescence detection module 34 also includes a light-shielding shell 66; the light-shielding shell 66 is plugged and fixed on the building block base 31; a fluorescence inlet 661 and a USB interface 662 are provided on the light-shielding shell 66; one end of the USB interface 662 is connected to the imaging component 344, and the other end is connected to the analysis module (not shown in the figure) through a data cable.

[0117] The slit assembly 341 is plugged and fixed at the fluorescent inlet 661; a slit 70 is provided on the slit assembly 341, and the function of the slit 70 is to limit the width of the fluorescent light beam, thereby improving the spectral resolution and avoiding interference from excess light.

[0118] The reflector assembly 342 includes: a reflector 71, a reflector seat 72, a first rotating platform 73 and a first rotating base 74; the reflector 71 is fixed to the reflector seat 72 by bolts; the reflector seat 72 is plugged and fixed to the first rotating platform 73; the first rotating platform 73 is plugged and fixed to the modular base plate 31.

[0119] The transmission grating assembly 343 includes a transmission grating 75, a transmission grating holder 76, a second rotating platform 77, and a second rotating base 78. The transmission grating 75 is inserted and fixed in the groove of the transmission grating holder 76; the transmission grating holder 76 is inserted and fixed on the second rotating platform 77; the second rotating platform 77 is inserted and fixed on the second rotating base 78; and the second rotating base 78 is inserted and fixed on the modular base 31. The transmission grating 75 used in this embodiment has a length of 25 mm, a width of 25 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm.

[0120] After filtering and focusing, the fluorescent light passes through the fluorescent inlet 661 and then passes through the slit 70 to illuminate the reflector 71. After being reflected by the reflector 71, the reflected light is generated; the reflected light is diffracted by the transmission grating 75 to form diffracted light. The width of the slit 70 can be between 0.05mm and 0.1mm. The width of the slit 70 used in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, from right to left, the width of slit a is 0.05 mm, the width of slit b is 0.08 mm, and the width of slit c is 0.1 mm.

[0121] The imaging assembly 344 includes an imaging lens 78, a lens base 79, a circuit board (not shown in the figure), and a USB interface; the imaging assembly 344 is fixed to the second rotating table 77 through the lens base 79; the imaging lens 78 of this embodiment 1 uses a CMOS camera with a resolution of 720P and 720 horizontal pixels; the imaging lens 78 collects diffracted light to generate a fluorescent image signal, and transmits the fluorescent image signal to the analysis module (not shown in the figure) via a data line.

[0122] The analysis and processing device (not shown in the figure) includes a computer system of hardware and software. The analysis module (not shown in the figure) analyzes the acquired fluorescence image signal and generates a fluorescence spectrum image.

[0123] The specific materials of the above-mentioned modular base plate 31, base plate 51, movable limiting device 52, limiting slider 55, light shield 66 and various building blocks can include but are not limited to polylactic acid or modified polylactic acid (HyperPl a). The modular base plate 31, base plate 51, movable limiting device 52, limiting slider 55, light shield 66 and various building blocks have protrusions for plugging with other components. The spacing of the protrusions can be set according to needs and can be printed and produced using 3D printing technology with an accuracy of less than or equal to 0.1mm to ensure assembly error. The modular base plate 31 also includes modular base plate fixing holes 301 for fixing the modular base plate 31 to the table top. There can be multiple fixing holes.

[0124] The detection method using the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0125] (1) Use standard samples to calibrate the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2.

[0126] The calibration process specifically includes:

[0127] The standard sample is placed in a cuvette 48, and the laser light source 42 is started to emit laser light, which passes through the narrow-band filter 43 and the dichroic mirror 46 in sequence and irradiates the standard sample, thereby exciting the standard sample to generate standard sample fluorescence.

[0128] Dichroic mirror 46 reflects the standard sample fluorescence, allowing the reflected standard sample fluorescence to enter the filter and focus assembly. After being filtered by filter 63 and focused by focusing lens 64, it passes through slit 70 and reaches reflector 71. After being reflected by reflector 71, it enters transmission grating 75 for diffraction, forming standard diffracted light. Filter 63 is a long-pass filter.

[0129] The imaging component 344 collects and processes the standard diffracted light, generates a standard fluorescence image signal, and sends it to the analysis module (not shown in the figure).

[0130] The analysis module (not shown in the figure) analyzes and processes the standard fluorescence image signal to obtain a test fluorescence spectrum image; the test fluorescence spectrum image is compared with the fluorescence spectrum image of the standard sample in the analysis module (not shown in the figure) to obtain an error value, and the plug-in position of the light source module 32, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module 33, the fluorescence detection module 34 and the building block base plate 31, as well as the position and setting angle of the light source assembly 321, the narrow-band filter assembly 332, the dichroic mirror assembly 333, the sample chamber assembly 334, the focusing assembly 338, the reflector assembly 342, the transmission grating assembly 343 and the imaging assembly 344 are adjusted according to the error value.

[0131] Among them, adjusting the focusing component 338 specifically includes: the single-chip microcomputer (not shown in the figure) sends a displacement instruction to the stepping motor 52, the stepping motor 52 drives the gear 53 to move according to the displacement instruction, and the gear 53 drives the rack 54 to move, so that the limit slider 55 at the end of the rack 54 and the lens bracket 62 on the limit slider 55 move to the specified position along the movement direction of the rack 54; adjusting the reflector component 342 includes: rotating the first rotating stage 73 according to the error value, so that the first rotating stage 73 drives the reflector seat 72 and the reflector 71 to rotate to the appropriate position; adjusting the transmission grating component 343 includes: rotating the second rotating stage 77 according to the error value, so that the second rotating stage 77 drives the transmission grating seat 76 and the transmission grating 75 to rotate to the appropriate position.

[0132] (2) After calibration, the sample to be tested is placed in a cuvette 48, and the laser light source 42 is started. The laser light emitted by the laser light source 42 passes through the narrow-band filter 43 and the dichroic mirror 46 in sequence and then irradiates the sample to be tested, thereby stimulating the sample to produce fluorescence.

[0133] (3) The dichroic mirror 46 reflects the fluorescence, allowing the reflected fluorescence to enter the focusing assembly 338.

[0134] (4) The filter 63 filters the reflected fluorescence and then focuses it through the focusing lens 64, so that the filtered and focused fluorescence is focused on the slit 70.

[0135] (5) After the focused fluorescence passes through the slit 70, it is reflected by the reflector 71 and enters the transmission grating 75 where it is diffracted to form diffracted light.

[0136] (6) The imaging lens 78 collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescent image signal, and transmits the fluorescent image signal to the analysis module (not shown) via a data line.

[0137] (7) The analysis module (not shown in the figure) analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

[0138] Example 2

[0139] The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 provided in Example 1 is used to detect the 561nm laser with a pulse width of 16pm of the standard light source. The specific detection process is as follows:

[0140] (1) The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system of Example 1 of the present invention is used to detect the standard halogen light source to verify the calibration. The specific calibration method of System 2 is the same as that of Example 1. The standard spectrum image obtained by detecting the standard halogen light source is completed when the second peak of 487nm is observed, the fourth peak has two forks and shows a peak of 546nm, and the highest peak of the last peak is 610nm. Figure 11As shown, it can be seen that the peak wavelengths coincide with the peaks of the halogen lamp, such as the peaks at 487nm, 610nm, and 546nm, indicating that the system 2 has been calibrated.

[0141] (2) The standard sample was then tested using a 561 nm laser with a pulse width of 16 pm. The specific steps were the same as those in Example 1. The focal length of the focusing lens was 30 mm, and the inner width of the slit in this embodiment was as follows: Figure 10 As shown in the figure, from right to left, the widths of slits a, b, and c are 0.1 mm, 0.08 mm, and 0.01 mm, respectively. The reflector is a square with a side length of 12.5 mm. The transmission grating is 25 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 3 mm thick. The CMOS camera used has a resolution of 720P, with 720 horizontal pixels.

[0142] The test results of this embodiment are as follows: Figure 12 As shown in the fluorescence spectrum image, the observable spectrum peak is 561 nm and the detection full width at half maximum (FWHM) is 2.11 nm, which means that the resolution of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 of Example 1 is 2.11 nm.

[0143] Example 3

[0144] The calibrated transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 provided in Example 1 was used to detect the fluorescent brightening agent (Fluorescent Brightener, CAS No. 7128-64-5) under A4 paper. The specific detection method is the same as that in Example 1. The detection process is briefly described as follows:

[0145] (1) Place A4 paper in a cuvette. Use a white light laser pen as the laser light source, which emits continuous wavelength white light. The white light is filtered into a 405nm laser after passing through a narrow pulse width 405nm filter. The short-pass dichroic mirror irradiates the sample to be tested, stimulating the sample to produce fluorescence.

[0146] (2) The short-pass dichroic mirror reflects the fluorescence generated by the sample to be tested.

[0147] (3) The reflected fluorescence is filtered by a long-pass filter and then focused by a focusing lens, so that the filtered and focused fluorescence is focused onto the slit of the slit assembly. The focal length of the focusing lens is 30 mm; only slit b is used as the slit, with a width of 0.08 mm. Slits a and c are also shielded from light.

[0148] (4) After the focused fluorescence passes through the slit, it is reflected by the reflector to generate reflected light. The reflector is a square with a side length of 12.5 mm.

[0149] (5) The reflected light is diffracted in the transmission grating to form diffracted light. The transmission grating has a length of 25 mm, a width of 25 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm.

[0150] (6) The CMOS camera collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescent image signal, which is then transmitted to the analysis module via a data line. The resolution of the CMOS camera is 720P, with 720 horizontal pixels.

[0151] (7) The analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescent image signal and can detect the spectral image containing fluorescent whitening test in A4 paper.

[0152] This embodiment detects the spectral image of the fluorescent whitening reagent of A4 paper, such as Figure 13 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that a fluorescence peak is generated in the wavelength range of 410nm to 490nm, which is consistent with the actual spectral information of the fluorescent whitening agent. The peak is 445nm. At the same time, a commercial spectrometer worth 20,000 yuan is selected on the market. A 4 paper is directly illuminated with a 405nm laser pen to test the fluorescent whitening agent in the A4 paper. The peak value is 445.01nm. Figure 14 As shown, the horizontal axis is wavelength (Wavelength, unit: nm) and the vertical axis is photon count (Counts, unit: au). The peak values ​​of the two are consistent, which proves that the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 provided in Example 1 of the present invention can detect fluorescence and realize fluorescence spectrum analysis of more wavelengths. The cost of the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system 2 provided in Example 1 of the present invention is less than 300 yuan, which is much lower than the cost of a commercial spectrometer worth 20,000 yuan on the market, and has a wider application.

[0153] Professionals should also be further aware that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the above description has generally described the components and steps of each example according to their functions. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0154] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), a memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically programmable ROM, an electrically erasable programmable ROM, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0155] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system, characterized in that: The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system includes: a light source module, a fluorescence excitation and focusing module, a fluorescence detection module, a single chip microcomputer and an analysis module which are plugged and fixed on the building block base plate; The light source module includes a light source assembly; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module includes: a carrying component, a narrowband filter assembly, a dichroic mirror assembly, a sample chamber assembly, a drive assembly, a transmission assembly, a moving component and a focusing assembly; the carrying component includes a base plate and a moving limit device plugged and fixed to the base plate; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module is plugged and fixed to the building block base plate through the base plate; the fluorescence detection module includes a slit assembly, a reflector assembly, a transmission grating assembly and an imaging assembly; The laser emitted by the light source assembly sequentially passes through the narrow-band filter assembly and the dichroic mirror assembly to irradiate the sample to be tested in the sample chamber assembly, and excites the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence; the single-chip microcomputer sends a displacement instruction to the driving assembly, and the driving assembly drives the transmission assembly to drive the moving assembly to move along the movable limit device according to the displacement instruction, and causes the moving assembly to drive the focusing assembly to move; the fluorescence is reflected to the focusing assembly by the dichroic mirror assembly; the focusing assembly filters and focuses the reflected fluorescence; the filtered and focused fluorescence passes through the slit assembly and is reflected by the reflector assembly to generate reflected light; the reflected light enters the transmission grating assembly and is diffracted to form diffracted light; the imaging assembly collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and sends the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module; the analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

2. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source assembly comprises: a light source fixing frame and a laser light source; the laser light source is plugged and fixed on the building block bottom plate through the light source fixing frame.

3. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The narrowband filter assembly is arranged between the light source assembly and the dichroic mirror assembly; the narrowband filter assembly includes a narrowband filter and a narrowband filter fixing seat; The narrowband filter is fixed on the first building block through the narrowband filter fixing seat; The dichroic mirror assembly comprises: a dichroic mirror fixing seat and a dichroic mirror; the dichroic mirror is plugged and fixed on the first building block through the dichroic mirror fixing seat; The sample chamber assembly includes: a cuvette fixing seat and a cuvette; the cuvette is plugged and fixed on the first building block through the cuvette fixing seat; the cuvette carries the sample to be tested; The first building block is fixed to the base plate by plugging the building blocks together, and a groove is provided at the lower end of the first building block for the transmission assembly to pass through; The centers of the laser light source, the narrowband filter and the dichroic mirror are on the same straight line; The laser light emitted by the laser light source is filtered by the narrow-band filter and then irradiated onto the sample to be tested through the dichroic mirror, thereby exciting the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence; The angle between the narrowband filter and the laser light emitted by the laser light source is 0°; the angle between the mirror surface of the dichroic mirror and the laser light passing through the narrowband filter is 45°.

4. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is fixed on the modular base plate by plugging one or more building blocks; The driving assembly includes: a stepper motor fixing seat, a stepper motor and a gear; the stepper motor is fixed to the stepper motor fixing seat by bolts; the gear is plugged into the motor shaft of the stepper motor; The transmission assembly includes a rack; the gear is engaged with the rack; The movable part includes a limiting slider; the limiting slider has a protrusion and a groove; the focusing assembly is inserted and fixed in the groove; The bottom plate has a receiving groove, the rack is arranged in the receiving groove, and the end of the rack is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting slider; the other end of the limiting slider is connected to the focusing assembly; The movement limiting device specifically includes a lateral groove; The protrusion is arranged in the lateral groove and moves along with the rack to drive the limiting slider, so that the protrusion slides in the groove.

5. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The focusing assembly includes: a bracket fixing seat, a lens bracket, a filter and a focusing lens; the bracket fixing seat is plugged and fixed on the limit slider; the lens bracket is fixed to the bracket fixing seat by a top screw; the filter and the focusing lens are respectively fixed to the lens bracket by a retaining ring; The stepping motor drives the gear to rotate according to the displacement instruction issued by the single chip microcomputer, and the gear drives the rack to move, so that the limit slider at the end of the rack and the lens holder on the limit slider move to a specified position along the movement direction of the rack; The fluorescence is reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly and reaches the focusing assembly. The fluorescence reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly is filtered by the filter and then focused by the focusing lens, so that the fluorescence beam is focused onto the slit assembly.

6. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluorescence detection module also includes a light-shielding housing; the light-shielding housing is plugged and fixed to the building block base; the light-shielding housing is provided with a fluorescence inlet and a USB interface; one end of the USB interface is connected to the imaging component, and the other end is connected to the analysis module via a data cable; The slit assembly is plugged and fixed at the fluorescent inlet; The slit assembly is provided with a slit; The reflector assembly includes: a reflector, a reflector seat, a first rotating platform and a first rotating base; the reflector is fixed to the reflector seat by bolts; the reflector seat is plugged and fixed to the first rotating platform; the first rotating platform is plugged and fixed to the building block base; The transmission grating assembly includes: a transmission grating, a transmission grating seat, a second rotating platform, and a second rotating base; the transmission grating is plugged and fixed in a groove of the transmission grating seat; the transmission grating seat is plugged and fixed on the second rotating platform; the second rotating platform is plugged and fixed on the second rotating base; the second rotating base is plugged and fixed on the building block base; The imaging assembly includes an imaging lens; the imaging assembly is plugged and fixed on the second rotating platform; The filtered and focused fluorescence passes through the fluorescence inlet and then passes through the slit to irradiate the reflector, and is reflected by the reflector to generate reflected light; The reflected light is diffracted by the transmission grating to form diffracted light; The imaging component collects the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and transmits the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module through the data line; The analysis module analyzes the acquired fluorescence image signal and generates a fluorescence spectrum image.

7. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the slit is between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm; The transmission grating has a length of 25 mm, a width of 25 mm and a thickness of 3 mm; The imaging lens is a CMOS camera; the resolution of the CMOS camera is 720P and the horizontal pixel is 720.

8. The transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system detects the sample to be tested, the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system is first calibrated using a standard sample. Through the calibration, the plug-in positions of the light source module, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module, the fluorescence detection module and the building block base plate, as well as the positions and setting angles of the light source assembly, the narrow-band filter assembly, the dichroic mirror assembly, the sample chamber assembly, the focusing assembly, the reflector assembly, the transmission grating assembly and the imaging assembly are determined.

9. A detection method using the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The detection method comprises: A transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system is calibrated using a standard sample; wherein the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system comprises: a light source module, a fluorescence excitation and focusing module, a fluorescence detection module, a single-chip microcomputer and an analysis module, which are plugged and fixed on a building block base plate; the light source module comprises a light source assembly; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module comprises: a bearing component, a narrow-band filter assembly, a dichroic mirror assembly, a sample chamber assembly, a drive assembly, a transmission assembly, a moving component and a focusing assembly; the bearing component comprises a base plate and a moving limit device plugged and fixed on the base plate; the fluorescence excitation and focusing module is plugged and fixed on the building block base plate through the base plate; the fluorescence detection module comprises a slit assembly, a reflector assembly, a transmission grating assembly and an imaging assembly; After the calibration, the light source module is started, and the laser light emitted by the light source assembly passes through the narrow-band filter assembly and the dichroic mirror assembly in sequence and then irradiates the sample to be tested carried by the sample chamber assembly, thereby exciting the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence; The dichroic mirror assembly reflects the fluorescence so that the reflected fluorescence enters the focusing assembly; The focusing component filters and focuses the reflected fluorescence onto the slit component of the fluorescence detection module; After the fluorescence has been filtered and focused, it passes through the slit assembly, is reflected by the reflector assembly, enters the transmission grating assembly, and is diffracted to form diffracted light; The imaging component collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and sends the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module; The analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

10. The detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The light source assembly includes a light source fixing frame and a laser light source; the narrowband filter assembly includes a narrowband filter and a narrowband filter fixing seat; the dichroic mirror assembly includes a dichroic mirror fixing seat and a dichroic mirror; the sample chamber assembly includes a cuvette fixing seat and a cuvette; the drive assembly includes a stepper motor fixing seat, a stepper motor and a gear; the transmission assembly includes a rack; the moving part includes a limit slider; the focusing assembly includes a bracket fixing seat, a lens bracket, a filter and a focusing lens; the slit assembly is provided with a slit; the reflector assembly includes a reflector, a reflector seat, a first rotating stage and a first rotating base; the transmission grating assembly includes a transmission grating, a transmission grating seat, a second rotating stage and a second rotating base; The imaging component includes an imaging lens; The detection method comprises: The method of calibrating the transmission-type building block fluorescence spectrum detection system using a standard sample specifically includes: placing the standard sample in the cuvette, starting the laser light source to emit laser light, allowing the laser light to sequentially pass through the narrow-band filter and the dichroic mirror to irradiate the standard sample, thereby exciting the standard sample to generate standard sample fluorescence; the dichroic mirror reflects the standard sample fluorescence, allowing the reflected standard sample fluorescence to enter the filtering and focusing component, and then pass through the slit to reach the reflector after being filtered by the filter and focused by the focusing lens, and then enter the transmission grating for diffraction after being reflected by the reflector to form standard diffracted light; the imaging component collects and processes the standard diffracted light, generates a standard fluorescence image signal, and sends it to the analysis module; the analysis module analyzes and processes the standard fluorescence image signal to obtain a test fluorescence spectrum image; the test fluorescence spectrum image is compared with the fluorescence spectrum image of the standard sample in the analysis module to obtain an error value, and the error value is calculated based on the error value. The difference value adjusts the plug-in position of the light source module, the fluorescence excitation and focusing module, the fluorescence detection module and the building block base plate, as well as the position and setting angle of the light source assembly, the narrowband filter assembly, the dichroic mirror assembly, the sample chamber assembly, the focusing assembly, the reflector assembly, the transmission grating assembly and the imaging assembly. The adjusting of the focusing assembly specifically includes: the single chip microcomputer sends a displacement instruction to the stepper motor, the stepper motor drives the gear to move according to the displacement instruction, and the gear drives the rack to move, so that the limit slider at the end of the rack and the lens holder on the limit slider move to a specified position along the movement direction of the rack; the adjusting of the reflector assembly includes: rotating the first rotating stage according to the error value, so that the first rotating stage drives the reflector seat and the reflector to rotate to a suitable position; the adjusting of the transmission grating assembly includes: rotating the second rotating stage according to the error value, so that the second rotating stage drives the transmission grating seat and the transmission grating to rotate to a suitable position; After the calibration, the sample to be tested is placed in the cuvette, the laser light source is started, and the laser light emitted by the laser light source passes through the narrow-band filter and the dichroic mirror in sequence and then irradiates the sample to be tested, thereby exciting the sample to be tested to generate fluorescence; The dichroic mirror reflects the fluorescence so that the reflected fluorescence enters the focusing assembly; The filter filters the reflected fluorescence and then focuses it through the focusing lens, so that the filtered and focused fluorescence is focused on the slit; After the focused fluorescent light passes through the slit, it is reflected by the reflector and enters the transmission grating to be diffracted, thereby forming diffracted light; The imaging lens collects and processes the diffracted light to generate a fluorescence image signal, and transmits the fluorescence image signal to the analysis module via a data line; The analysis module analyzes and processes the fluorescence image signal to obtain a fluorescence spectrum image of the sample to be tested.

Images