A soil heavy metal pollution detection device and detection method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil testing technology, and in particular to a soil heavy metal pollution detection device and method. The device includes a soil sampling ring with an inclined cutting edge at its bottom end, and further includes: multiple detection holes vertically formed on the surface of the soil sampling ring, with equidistant distances between adjacent holes; a bottom ring fitted onto the surface of the soil sampling ring and located at its bottom; a top ring positioned above the soil sampling ring, with multiple smooth rods fixedly connected between the top and bottom rings; and a circular plate fixedly connected to the top of the soil sampling ring, with multiple sliding strips fixedly connected to the circular plate. During the upward movement of the soil sampling ring, the invention drives detection probes to sequentially enter the corresponding detection holes for heavy metal detection. Furthermore, the detection probes are cleaned during the detection process, reducing detection errors caused by soil adhesion at different depths and improving the accuracy of stratified detection data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil testing technology, and in particular to a soil heavy metal pollution detection device and detection method. Background Technology

[0002] The patent document with announcement number CN114062655B discloses a soil heavy metal pollution detection device, which includes an outer shell, a pair of main support components, a drilling component, a pair of auxiliary support components, a detection component, a pair of soil heavy metal detectors, a soil removal component and a propulsion component; the outer shell is detachably connected, and a storage cavity is formed between the outer shells.

[0003] In existing technologies, heavy metal content in soil is detected by moving a metal detection device deep into the soil. During the heavy metal detection process, soil at different depths needs to be layered for testing, and the test data needs to be compared to analyze the relationship between heavy metal content and soil depth. When the metal detection device moves deep into the soil, the detection end of the device causes a lot of disturbance to the soil, resulting in soil mixing at different depths. Furthermore, when the detection end moves downward from the soil surface, soil from different depths adheres to the surface of the detection end, making it difficult to distinguish between them, thus reducing the accuracy of the layered detection data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a soil heavy metal pollution detection device and method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a soil heavy metal pollution detection device, comprising a soil sampling ring, wherein the bottom end of the soil sampling ring is provided with an inclined cutting edge, and further comprising:

[0006] Multiple detection holes are vertically opened on the surface of the soil sampling ring, and the distance between any two adjacent detection holes is the same.

[0007] The bottom ring is fitted onto the surface of the soil sampling ring and is located at the bottom of the soil sampling ring;

[0008] The top ring is positioned above the soil-collecting ring, and multiple smooth rods are fixedly connected between the top ring and the bottom ring.

[0009] A circular plate is fixedly connected to the top of the soil-collecting ring. Multiple sliding bars are fixedly connected to the circular plate, and each sliding bar is slidably inserted into the corresponding smooth rod. A lifting assembly is provided on the circular plate.

[0010] The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom ring. The detection assembly is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame. The detection assembly includes a detector and a detection probe. A conductive wire connects the detector and the detection probe. The detection probe is positioned opposite to the detection hole.

[0011] The annular housing is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The end of the detection probe is fitted inside the annular housing. Multiple nozzles are fixedly connected along the circumference on the inner wall of the annular housing.

[0012] A water supply assembly is mounted on an annular shell and is used to supply water to the interior of the annular shell.

[0013] The drive component is mounted on the detection probe and is used to drive the detection probe to move laterally and reciprocally.

[0014] Preferably, the driving component includes:

[0015] The movable plate is fixedly inserted into the detection probe. Multiple limit pins are fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the limit pins are all slidably inserted into the mounting frame.

[0016] The first electric cylinder is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame, and its drive shaft is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

[0017] Preferably, the water supply components include:

[0018] The water storage tank is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame;

[0019] The water pump is fixedly installed on the water storage tank. The water inlet of the water pump is fixedly connected to the water storage tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the annular shell.

[0020] Preferably, a laser receiver is fixedly installed on the water pump, a sliding block is slidably connected to the mounting frame, a laser emitter is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding block, the laser emitter is located directly below the laser receiver, a magnetic pin is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate, a U-shaped groove is opened on the top of the guide plate, permanent magnets are fixedly installed at the four corners of the U-shaped groove, the permanent magnets directly below the magnetic pin and at the diagonal corners are positive poles, the other two permanent magnets are negative poles, and the magnetic pin is a negative pole.

[0021] Preferably, a plug rod is slidably inserted on the bottom ring, and a second electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the mounting frame. The drive shaft of the second electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the plug rod. The plug rod is located below the detection probe, and the distance between the detection probe and the plug rod is the same as the distance between two adjacent detection holes.

[0022] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes:

[0023] A lead screw is rotatably connected between a top ring and a bottom ring. A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the top ring, and the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw.

[0024] The connecting strip is fixedly connected to the circular plate and threaded onto the lead screw.

[0025] Preferably, a piston is slidably connected inside the soil-collecting ring, and the detection holes are all located below the piston. A movable rod is fixedly connected to the top of the piston. The top of the movable rod passes through the circular plate and extends to the top of the circular plate before being fixedly connected to a handle. A first spring is sleeved on the movable rod. The first spring is located between the circular plate and the piston. A negative pressure component is connected to the piston. The negative pressure component is used to drive the piston and the soil-collecting ring to move relative to each other.

[0026] Preferably, the negative pressure component includes:

[0027] A strip groove is formed on one side of the movable rod. A first limiting block and a second limiting block are fixedly connected inside the strip groove. A guide slope is formed on the top of both the first limiting block and the second limiting block. The first limiting block is located above the second limiting block.

[0028] A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the top of a circular plate. A connecting plate is provided on one side of the fixed plate. A stop bar is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. One end of the stop bar is located at the bottom of the first limiting block. Multiple connecting pins are fixedly connected to the connecting plate. All connecting pins are slidably inserted into the fixed plate. A second spring is sleeved on each connecting pin. The second spring is fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the connecting plate.

[0029] Two support bars are fixedly connected to the top of the top ring, and both support bars are located below the handle.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom of the bottom ring is fixedly connected with multiple anti-slip protrusions.

[0031] A detection method for a soil heavy metal pollution detection device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Place the bottom ring on the soil surface and drive the circular plate down through the lifting assembly. The sliding bar on the circular plate slides along the sliding joint of the smooth rod and limits the movement of the circular plate, so that the circular plate descends vertically and drives the soil sampling ring to penetrate into the soil. When the soil sampling ring penetrates into the soil, the testing personnel need to hold down the top ring and apply downward pressure.

[0033] Step 2: After the soil sampling ring is inserted into the soil, the circular plate is driven to rise by the lifting component, and the soil inside the soil sampling ring is brought out. The multiple detection holes on the soil sampling ring move from top to bottom to the end of the detection probe. The driving component drives the detection probe to move in the direction of the corresponding detection hole. The detection probe detects heavy metals in the soil at different depths from top to bottom, and the data is displayed by the detector.

[0034] Step 3: During the reciprocating movement of the detection probe, the water supply assembly supplies water to the inside of the annular housing and sprays water along the nozzle to clean the detection probe. As the detection probe moves, it can be thoroughly cleaned, and the dirt carried on the surface of the detection probe can be removed after each movement and detection.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. This invention uses a circumferential cut at the bottom of the soil sampling ring to extract soil, effectively reducing soil disturbance during the extraction process. As the soil sampling ring rises, it drives the detection probe to enter the corresponding detection holes sequentially for heavy metal detection. Furthermore, the detection probe is cleaned during the detection process to reduce detection errors caused by soil adhesion at different depths and improve the accuracy of layered detection data.

[0037] 2. The magnetic pin moves unidirectionally along the inside of the groove through the repulsion and guidance of the permanent magnet block. During the process of the detection probe entering the detection hole and performing heavy metal detection, the multiple nozzles inside the annular shell will not spray water to rinse the probe. Only when the detection probe finishes a single detection and returns will the multiple nozzles inside the annular shell spray water to rinse the detection probe, thereby reducing unnecessary rinsing processes and reducing water waste.

[0038] 3. The drive shaft of the second electric cylinder drives the insertion rod to insert into the corresponding detection hole, thereby forming a pre-reserved hole at the soil detection position, reducing the resistance when the detection probe is inserted. The insertion of the insertion rod also compresses and displaces harder stones and gravel, reducing contact damage to the detection probe caused by stones and gravel and extending the service life of the detection probe. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first mating structure of the mounting frame, detection component, and insertion rod of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the diagram;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting frame, detection component, and second mating structure of the insertion rod of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperative structure of the sliding block, magnetic pin, and guide plate of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the soil-collecting ring, piston, and movable rod of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Soil sampling ring; 2. Detection hole; 3. Bottom ring; 4. Top ring; 5. Polished rod; 6. Circular plate; 7. Sliding strip; 8. Mounting frame; 9. Detection assembly; 901. Detector; 902. Detection probe; 10. Annular housing; 11. Nozzle; 12. Movable plate; 13. Limit pin; 14. First electric cylinder; 15. Water tank; 16. Water pump; 17. Connecting pipe; 18. Laser receiver; 19. Sliding block; 20. Laser emitter; 2 1. Magnetic pin; 22. Guide plate; 23. U-shaped groove; 24. Permanent magnet; 25. Insert rod; 26. Second electric cylinder; 27. Lead screw; 28. Servo motor; 29. ​​Connecting bar; 30. Piston; 31. Movable rod; 32. Handle; 33. First spring; 34. Strip groove; 35. First limit block; 36. Second limit block; 37. Fixing plate; 38. Connecting plate; 39. Stop bar; 40. Connecting pin; 41. Second spring; 42. Support bar. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 9 The soil heavy metal pollution detection device shown includes a soil sampling ring 1, the bottom end of which has an inclined cutting edge, and further includes:

[0051] Multiple detection holes 2 are vertically opened on the surface of the soil sampling ring 1, and the distance between any two adjacent detection holes 2 is the same.

[0052] Bottom ring 3 is fitted onto the surface of soil sampling ring 1 and located at the bottom of soil sampling ring 1;

[0053] Top ring 4 is set above soil-collecting ring 1, and multiple smooth rods 5 are fixedly connected between top ring 4 and bottom ring 3;

[0054] A circular plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the soil-collecting ring 1. Multiple sliding bars 7 are fixedly connected to the circular plate 6. Each sliding bar 7 is slidably inserted into the corresponding smooth rod 5. A lifting assembly is provided on the circular plate 6.

[0055] Mounting frame 8 is fixedly connected to bottom ring 3. Detection component 9 is fixedly installed inside mounting frame 8. Detection component 9 includes detector 901 and detector probe 902. Conductive wire is connected between detector 901 and detector probe 902. Detection probe 902 is positioned opposite to detection hole 2.

[0056] The annular housing 10 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 8. The end of the detection probe 902 is fitted inside the annular housing 10. Multiple nozzles 11 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular housing 10 along the circumferential direction.

[0057] A water supply assembly is mounted on the annular housing 10 and is used to supply water to the interior of the annular housing 10.

[0058] A drive component is mounted on the detection probe 902 and is used to drive the detection probe 902 to move laterally and reciprocally.

[0059] In existing technologies, heavy metal content in soil is detected by moving a metal detection device deep into the soil. During the heavy metal detection process, soil at different depths needs to be layered for testing, and the test data needs to be compared to analyze the relationship between heavy metal content and soil depth. When the metal detection device moves deep into the soil, the detection end of the device causes a lot of disturbance to the soil, resulting in the mixing of soil at different depths. Furthermore, when the detection end moves downward from the soil surface, soil from different depths adheres to the surface of the detection end, making it difficult to distinguish between them, thus reducing the accuracy of the layered detection data.

[0060] Before testing the soil, the bottom ring 3 is placed on the soil surface, and the circular plate 6 is driven to descend by the lifting component. The sliding bar 7 on the circular plate 6 slides along the sliding joint of the smooth rod 5 and limits the movement of the circular plate 6, so that the circular plate 6 descends vertically and drives the soil sampling ring 1 to penetrate into the soil. It should be noted that when the soil sampling ring 1 penetrates into the soil, the tester needs to hold the top ring 4 and apply downward pressure to ensure that the soil sampling ring 1 can penetrate into the soil smoothly to collect soil.

[0061] After the soil sampling ring 1 is inserted into the soil, the circular plate 6 continues to rise through the action of the lifting component, bringing out the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1. During the process of the soil sampling ring 1 rising, the multiple detection holes 2 on the soil sampling ring 1 move sequentially from top to bottom to the end of the detection probe 902. When the corresponding detection hole 2 is coaxial with the detection probe 902, the lifting component stops moving, and at the same time, the driving component drives the detection probe 902 to move towards the corresponding detection hole 2 and insert it into the soil sampling ring 1 along the detection hole 2 for heavy metal detection. Thus, during the process of the soil sampling ring 1 rising, the detection probe 902 can sequentially detect heavy metals in the soil at different depths from top to bottom, and the data is displayed by the detector 901, which is convenient for the testing personnel to record and compare the data.

[0062] During the reciprocating movement of the detection probe 902, the water supply component supplies water to the interior of the annular housing 10 and sprays water along the nozzle 11 to clean the detection probe 902. As the detection probe 902 moves, it can be thoroughly cleaned, and the soil carried on the surface of the detection probe 902 can be cleaned after each movement and detection, ensuring that soil of different depths will not mix and guaranteeing the accuracy of the layered detection data.

[0063] This invention allows soil to enter the soil sampling ring 1 by making contact circumferential cuts between the bottom end of the sampling ring 1 and the soil, effectively reducing soil disturbance during the sampling process. As the sampling ring 1 rises, it drives the detection probe 902 to enter the corresponding detection hole 2 in sequence for heavy metal detection. During the detection process, the detection probe 902 is cleaned to reduce detection errors caused by soil adhesion at different depths and improve the accuracy of layered detection data.

[0064] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the driving component includes:

[0065] Movable plate 12 is fixedly inserted into the detection probe 902. Multiple limit pins 13 are fixedly connected to the movable plate 12, and the limit pins 13 are all slidably inserted into the mounting frame 8.

[0066] The first electric cylinder 14 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 8, and the drive shaft of the first electric cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 12.

[0067] The first electric cylinder 14 drives the movable plate 12 to move via its drive shaft. The limiting pin 13 on the movable plate 12 slides along the sliding joint of the mounting frame 8, thereby limiting the movement of the movable plate 12. The movable plate 12 drives the detection probe 902 to move into the corresponding detection hole 2 to perform heavy metal detection. After the detection is completed, the drive shaft of the first electric cylinder 14 moves in the opposite direction, driving the movable plate 12 and the detection probe 902 back to their initial positions.

[0068] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the water supply component includes:

[0069] Water storage tank 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 8;

[0070] Water pump 16 is fixedly installed on water storage tank 15. The water inlet end of water pump 16 is fixedly connected to water storage tank 15, and the water outlet end of water pump 16 is fixedly connected to connecting pipe 17. One end of connecting pipe 17 is fixedly connected to annular shell 10.

[0071] Water is stored in the water tank 15. When the detection probe 902 moves, the water pump 16 works to pump the water inside the water tank 15 into the connecting pipe 17 and into the annular housing 10. The water is then sprayed out from multiple nozzles 11, thereby rinsing the surface of the detection probe 902 by relative movement.

[0072] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a laser receiver 18 is fixedly mounted on the water pump 16, a sliding block 19 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 8, a laser emitter 20 is fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding block 19, the laser emitter 20 is located directly below the laser receiver 18, a magnetic pin 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block 19, a guide plate 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate 12, and a U-shaped groove 23 (e.g., ...) is opened on the top of the guide plate 22. Figure 7 As shown), permanent magnet blocks 24 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the groove 23. The permanent magnet blocks 24 directly below the magnetic pin 21 and at the diagonal are positive poles, while the other two permanent magnet blocks 24 are negative poles, and the magnetic pin 21 is negative pole.

[0073] When the detection probe 902 is in its initial position, the laser emitter 20 is located directly below the laser receiver 18 and continuously emits laser signals to the laser receiver 18. When the laser receiver 18 receives the laser signal, the controller connected to the laser receiver 18 controls the water pump 16 to be turned off. When the movable plate 12 moves the detection probe 902 into the corresponding detection hole 2 to detect the soil, the guide plate 22 moves synchronously with the movable plate 12 and guides and limits the magnetic pin 21 through the loop 23. The magnetic pin 21 moves out of the loop 23 as the guide plate 22 moves. When the magnetic pin 21 moves from one end to the other, and the negative magnetic pin 21 moves to the top of the negative permanent magnet block 24, the magnetic pin 21 moves to the top of the other positive permanent magnet block 24 due to the repulsion between like poles and the attraction of the adjacent positive permanent magnet block 24. This causes the sliding block 19 to move along the sliding connection, thereby shifting the laser emitter 20 away from directly below the laser receiver 18. When the laser receiver 18 can no longer receive the laser signal emitted by the laser emitter 20, the controller connected to the laser receiver 18 controls the water pump 16 to turn on and pump water into the connecting pipe 17. As the detection probe 902 performs heavy metal detection on the soil and returns to its initial position, the nozzle 11 inside the annular housing 10 sprays water to rinse the detection probe 902. After the detection probe 902 returns to its initial position, the magnetic pin 21 continues to return from the top of the other negative permanent magnet block 24 to the top of the initial positive permanent magnet block 24, causing the laser emitter 20 to move back directly below the laser receiver 18 and enabling the laser receiver 18 to receive the laser signal again. This causes the controller connected to the laser receiver 18 to continue controlling the water pump 16 to remain off. During the single reciprocating movement of the detection probe 902 driven by the magnetic pin 21, the magnetic pin 21 moves unidirectionally along the inside of the groove 23 through the repulsion and guidance of the permanent magnet block 24. This allows the detection probe 902 to enter the detection hole 2 and perform heavy metal detection. During this process, the multiple nozzles 11 inside the annular housing 10 will not spray water to rinse the detection probe 902. Only when the detection probe 902 finishes a single detection and returns will the multiple nozzles 11 inside the annular housing 10 spray water to rinse the detection probe 902, thereby reducing unnecessary rinsing processes and reducing water waste.

[0074] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a plug rod 25 is slidably inserted on the bottom ring 3, and a second electric cylinder 26 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 8. The drive shaft of the second electric cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to the plug rod 25. The plug rod 25 is located below the detection probe 902, and the distance between the detection probe 902 and the plug rod 25 is the same as the distance between two adjacent detection holes 2.

[0075] During the soil sampling and rising process, multiple detection holes 2 move upward synchronously. Before the detection probe 902 enters the corresponding detection hole 2 for soil testing, the detection hole 2 moves first through the insertion rod 25, and the insertion rod 25 is driven by the drive shaft of the second electric cylinder 26 to insert into the corresponding detection hole 2. This creates a pre-reserved hole for soil testing, reducing the resistance when the detection probe 902 is inserted. The insertion of the insertion rod 25 also causes harder stones and gravel to be squeezed and displaced, reducing contact damage to the detection probe 902 and extending its service life.

[0076] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the lifting assembly includes:

[0077] A lead screw 27 is rotatably connected between a top ring 4 and a bottom ring 3. A servo motor 28 is fixedly mounted on the top ring 4, and the output shaft of the servo motor 28 is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw 27.

[0078] Connecting strip 29 is fixedly connected to the circular plate 6 and threadedly connected to the lead screw 27;

[0079] The output shaft of the servo motor 28 rotates, causing the lead screw 27 to rotate between the top ring 4 and the bottom ring 3. The circular plate 6 descends through the threaded connection between the connecting strip 29 and the lead screw 27. When the output shaft of the servo motor 28 rotates in the opposite direction, the circular plate 6 rises with the connecting strip 29.

[0080] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a piston 30 is slidably connected inside the soil-collecting ring 1 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 As shown), the detection holes 2 are all located below the piston 30. A movable rod 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 30. The top of the movable rod 31 passes through the circular plate 6 and extends to the top of the circular plate 6 before being fixedly connected to a handle 32. A first spring 33 is sleeved on the movable rod 31. The first spring 33 is located between the circular plate 6 and the piston 30. A negative pressure assembly is connected to the piston 30. The negative pressure assembly is used to drive the piston 30 and the soil-collecting ring 1 to move relative to each other.

[0081] When the soil sampling ring 1 is inserted into the soil to collect soil, the piston 30 moves downward synchronously with the soil sampling ring 1. When the soil height inside the soil sampling ring 1 is above the detection hole 2, the piston 30 moves upward relative to the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1, so that there is a certain negative pressure area between the top of the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1 and the piston 30. When the soil sampling ring 1 moves upward and carries the soil out, the negative pressure prevents the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1 from falling out, thus ensuring the soil sampling efficiency of the soil sampling ring 1.

[0082] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the negative pressure component includes:

[0083] A strip groove 34 is formed on one side of the movable rod 31. A first limiting block 35 and a second limiting block 36 are fixedly connected inside the strip groove 34. The top of the first limiting block 35 and the second limiting block 36 are both provided with guide slopes. The first limiting block 35 is located above the second limiting block 36.

[0084] A fixed plate 37 is fixedly connected to the top of a circular plate 6. A connecting plate 38 is provided on one side of the fixed plate 37. A stop bar 39 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 38. One end of the stop bar 39 is located at the bottom of the first limiting block 35. A plurality of connecting pins 40 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 38. All connecting pins 40 are slidably inserted into the fixed plate 37. A second spring 41 is sleeved on each connecting pin 40. The second spring 41 is fixedly connected between the fixed plate 37 and the connecting plate 38.

[0085] Two support bars 42, two support bars 42 (e.g.) Figure 8 (As shown) are all fixedly connected to the top of the top ring 4, and the support bars 42 are all located below the handle 32;

[0086] The bottom of the first limiting block 35 is blocked and supported by one end of the stop bar 39, preventing the piston 30 and the movable rod 31 from moving downward relative to each other along the soil sampling ring 1. When the soil sampling ring 1 moves downward, the piston 30 and the movable rod 31 move downward synchronously with the soil sampling ring 1. After all the detection holes 2 are filled with soil, the handle 32 contacts the top of the support bar 42. When the soil sampling ring 1 continues to descend, the handle 32 cannot continue to move downward due to the obstruction of the support bar 42, thereby causing the piston 30 and the movable rod 31 to move upward relative to the soil sampling ring 1 and compress the first spring 33 to produce compression deformation. When the piston 30 moves upward relative to the soil sampling ring 1, the piston 30 and the top of the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1 form a negative pressure.

[0087] When the piston 30 and the movable rod 31 move upward relative to the soil-collecting ring 1, the stop bar 39 moves downward relative to the stop bar 39 inside the strip groove 34. It is pressed against one end of the stop bar 39 by the guide slope at the top of the second limiting block 36, causing the stop bar 39 to move and make way. This causes the connecting plate 38 and the connecting pin 40 to move synchronously, thereby compressing the second spring 41 and causing it to deform. When the second limiting block 36 is above the stop bar 39, the second spring 41, through its elastic extension, presses the stop bar 39 back to its original position and places it at the bottom of the second limiting block 36, thus ending the soil-collecting process of the soil-collecting ring 1 and causing it to move towards the bottom. When moving upwards, the blocking of the second limiting block 36 by the baffle 39 can replace the squeezing support of the handle 32 by the support bar 42, preventing the piston 30 from resetting under the elastic action of the first spring 33, ensuring that the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1 always has negative pressure when rising. After the test is completed, the tester moves the connecting plate 38 to make one end of the baffle 39 disengage from the strip groove 34 and presses the handle 32 down, so that the movable rod 31 drives the piston 30 to move downwards inside the soil sampling ring 1, and pushes all the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1 downwards, completing the soil cleaning after the test.

[0088] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the bottom ring 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of anti-slip protrusions;

[0089] By setting anti-slip protrusions at the bottom of the bottom ring 3, the friction between the bottom ring 3 and the soil surface is increased, preventing relative movement between the bottom ring 3 and the soil surface during the soil sampling process of the soil sampling ring 1, ensuring the verticality of the soil sampling ring 1 during its descent, and improving soil sampling efficiency.

[0090] A detection method for a soil heavy metal pollution detection device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0091] Step 1: Place the bottom ring 3 on the soil surface and drive the circular plate 6 to descend through the action of the lifting component. The sliding bar 7 on the circular plate 6 slides along the sliding joint of the light rod 5 and limits the movement of the circular plate 6, so that the circular plate 6 descends vertically and drives the soil sampling ring 1 to penetrate into the soil. When the soil sampling ring 1 penetrates into the soil, the testing personnel need to hold down the top ring 4 and apply downward pressure.

[0092] Step 2: After the soil sampling ring 1 is inserted into the soil, the circular plate 6 continues to rise through the action of the lifting component, bringing out the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1. The multiple detection holes 2 on the soil sampling ring 1 move from top to bottom to the end of the detection probe 902. The driving component drives the detection probe 902 to move in the direction of the corresponding detection hole 2. The detection probe 902 detects heavy metals in the soil at different depths from top to bottom, and the data is displayed by the detector 901.

[0093] Step 3: During the reciprocating movement of the detection probe 902, the water supply assembly supplies water to the inside of the annular housing 10 and sprays water along the nozzle 11 to clean the detection probe 902. As the detection probe 902 moves, it can be thoroughly cleaned, and the dirt carried on the surface of the detection probe 902 can be cleaned after each movement and detection.

[0094] Working principle of this invention:

[0095] Before testing the soil, the bottom ring 3 is placed on the soil surface, and the circular plate 6 is driven to descend by the lifting component. The sliding bar 7 on the circular plate 6 slides along the sliding joint of the smooth rod 5 and limits the movement of the circular plate 6, so that the circular plate 6 descends vertically and drives the soil sampling ring 1 to penetrate into the soil. It should be noted that when the soil sampling ring 1 penetrates into the soil, the tester needs to hold the top ring 4 and apply downward pressure to ensure that the soil sampling ring 1 can penetrate into the soil smoothly to collect soil.

[0096] After the soil sampling ring 1 is inserted into the soil, the circular plate 6 continues to rise through the action of the lifting component, bringing out the soil inside the soil sampling ring 1. During the process of the soil sampling ring 1 rising, the multiple detection holes 2 on the soil sampling ring 1 move sequentially from top to bottom to the end of the detection probe 902. When the corresponding detection hole 2 is coaxial with the detection probe 902, the lifting component stops moving, and at the same time, the driving component drives the detection probe 902 to move towards the corresponding detection hole 2 and insert it into the soil sampling ring 1 along the detection hole 2 for heavy metal detection. Thus, during the process of the soil sampling ring 1 rising, the detection probe 902 can sequentially detect heavy metals in the soil at different depths from top to bottom, and the data is displayed by the detector 901, which is convenient for the testing personnel to record and compare the data.

[0097] During the reciprocating movement of the detection probe 902, the water supply assembly supplies water to the interior of the annular housing 10 and sprays water along the nozzle 11 to clean the detection probe 902. As the detection probe 902 moves, it can be thoroughly cleaned, ensuring that the soil carried on the surface is removed after each movement and detection, preventing mixing between soil layers of different depths and guaranteeing the accuracy of the layered detection data.

[0098] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A soil heavy metal pollution detection device, comprising a soil sampling ring, wherein the bottom end of the soil sampling ring has an inclined cutting edge, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple detection holes are vertically opened on the surface of the soil sampling ring, and the distance between any two adjacent detection holes is the same. The bottom ring is fitted onto the surface of the soil sampling ring and is located at the bottom of the soil sampling ring; The top ring is positioned above the soil-collecting ring, and multiple smooth rods are fixedly connected between the top ring and the bottom ring. A circular plate is fixedly connected to the top of the soil-collecting ring. Multiple sliding bars are fixedly connected to the circular plate, and each sliding bar is slidably inserted into the corresponding smooth rod. A lifting assembly is provided on the circular plate. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom ring. The detection assembly is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame. The detection assembly includes a detector and a detection probe. A conductive wire connects the detector and the detection probe. The detection probe is positioned opposite to the detection hole. The annular housing is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The end of the detection probe is fitted inside the annular housing. Multiple nozzles are fixedly connected along the circumference on the inner wall of the annular housing. A water supply assembly is mounted on an annular shell and is used to supply water to the interior of the annular shell. The drive component is mounted on the detection probe and is used to drive the detection probe to move laterally and reciprocally. The driver components include: The movable plate is fixedly inserted into the detection probe. Multiple limit pins are fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the limit pins are all slidably inserted into the mounting frame. The first electric cylinder is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame, and the drive shaft of the first electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable plate. Water supply components include: The water storage tank is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame; The water pump is fixedly installed on the water storage tank. The water inlet of the water pump is fixedly connected to the water storage tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the annular shell. A laser receiver is fixedly installed on the water pump. A sliding block is slidably connected to the mounting frame. A laser emitter is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding block and is located directly below the laser receiver. A magnetic pin is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate. A U-shaped groove is opened on the top of the guide plate. Permanent magnets are fixedly installed at the four corners of the U-shaped groove. The permanent magnets directly below the magnetic pin and at the diagonal corners are positive poles, and the other two permanent magnets are negative poles. The magnetic pin is also a negative pole. A plug rod is slidably inserted on the bottom ring, and a second electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the mounting frame. The drive shaft of the second electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the plug rod. The plug rod is located below the detection probe, and the distance between the detection probe and the plug rod is the same as the distance between two adjacent detection holes.

2. The soil heavy metal pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes: A lead screw is rotatably connected between a top ring and a bottom ring. A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the top ring, and the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the lead screw. The connecting strip is fixedly connected to the circular plate and threaded onto the lead screw.

3. The soil heavy metal pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A piston is slidably connected inside the soil-collecting ring. The detection holes are all located below the piston. A movable rod is fixedly connected to the top of the piston. The top of the movable rod passes through the circular plate and extends to the top of the circular plate before being fixedly connected to a handle. A first spring is sleeved on the movable rod. The first spring is located between the circular plate and the piston. A negative pressure component is connected to the piston. The negative pressure component is used to drive the piston and the soil-collecting ring to move relative to each other.

4. The soil heavy metal pollution detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The negative pressure component includes: A strip groove is formed on one side of the movable rod. A first limiting block and a second limiting block are fixedly connected inside the strip groove. A guide slope is formed on the top of both the first limiting block and the second limiting block. The first limiting block is located above the second limiting block. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the top of a circular plate. A connecting plate is provided on one side of the fixed plate. A stop bar is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. One end of the stop bar is located at the bottom of the first limiting block. Multiple connecting pins are fixedly connected to the connecting plate. All connecting pins are slidably inserted into the fixed plate. A second spring is sleeved on each connecting pin. The second spring is fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the connecting plate. Two support bars are fixedly connected to the top of the top ring, and both support bars are located below the handle.

5. The soil heavy metal pollution detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the bottom ring has multiple anti-slip protrusions for fixed connection.

6. A detection method for a soil heavy metal pollution detection device, applicable to the soil heavy metal pollution detection device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the bottom ring on the soil surface and drive the circular plate down through the lifting assembly. The sliding bar on the circular plate slides along the sliding joint of the smooth rod and limits the movement of the circular plate, so that the circular plate descends vertically and drives the soil sampling ring to penetrate into the soil. When the soil sampling ring penetrates into the soil, the testing personnel need to hold down the top ring and apply downward pressure. Step 2: After the soil sampling ring is inserted into the soil, the circular plate is driven to rise by the lifting component, and the soil inside the soil sampling ring is brought out. The multiple detection holes on the soil sampling ring move from top to bottom to the end of the detection probe. The driving component drives the detection probe to move in the direction of the corresponding detection hole. The detection probe detects heavy metals in the soil at different depths from top to bottom, and the data is displayed by the detector. Step 3: During the reciprocating movement of the detection probe, the water supply assembly supplies water to the inside of the annular housing and sprays water along the nozzle to clean the detection probe. As the detection probe moves, it can be thoroughly cleaned, and the dirt carried on the surface of the detection probe can be removed after each movement and detection.

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