Power supply main switch and vehicle thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a power main switch and a vehicle thereof in the technical field of automobile power switches, and the power main switch comprises an upper cover, an upper shell and a lower shell which are sequentially connected to form a closed cavity; an upper fluted disc and a lower fluted disc which are mutually meshed, a floating seat which is clamped with the lower fluted disc in a sliding manner, a short-circuit row which is inserted into the floating seat in a penetrating manner, and a switch main contact which is movably conducted with the short-circuit row are arranged in the closed cavity. The upper fluted disc is dragged by a steel wire to rotate and drive the lower fluted disc to act, a reset spring is arranged below the floating seat, and the short circuit bar and the switch main contact are connected through spring pressing. The upper fluted disc is provided with a compression torsion spring which is used for automatically resetting after pulling and releasing; the surface of the lower fluted disc is provided with switch pressing teeth used for controlling connection / disconnection. And a limiting structure is also arranged in the upper cover. The switch is compact in structure, supports remote control and hidden arrangement, has good sealing protection performance and operation stability, and can be widely applied to various vehicle electrical systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a main power switch and a vehicle thereof, belonging to the technical field of automobile power switches. Background Art

[0002] The main power switch is widely used in vehicle electrical systems to connect and disconnect the main power supply of the entire vehicle. In the prior art, most common main power switches are knob-type structures that rely on manual rotation to control the circuit conduction state. They are usually installed directly around the battery frame on the outside of the vehicle for easy access by operators. However, this type of traditional switch has many limitations in terms of structure, layout and function.

[0003] To facilitate manual operation, the existing main power switch is often placed in an exposed part of the vehicle body, such as the side of the vehicle, outside the battery box, etc. This not only takes up valuable installation space, but also poses the risk of interference or even damage from external factors such as mud, dust, impact of foreign objects, and footsteps, affecting the life of the switch and safety of use. In addition, exposed installation may also cause unreasonable wiring harness routing due to limited space, resulting in excessively long cables, increased costs, and difficulty in achieving modular layout.

[0004] Existing manual switches mostly rely on visual observation of the position of the handle to determine the switch status, such as vertical for power off and horizontal for power on. However, due to the layout angle, lighting conditions or individual differences, misjudgment is easy to occur, especially at night or in a small space where observation is inconvenient, there are hidden dangers of unclear identification, and it is difficult to determine whether the vehicle power system has been completely cut off or there are electrical problems such as undervoltage. Traditional manual switches usually do not have status feedback functions, cannot provide sound or tactile prompts during operation, lack visual and tactile auxiliary judgment methods, and have poor user experience and operational reliability. At the same time, limited by the installation space and operation direction, conventional switches have restrictions on operating habits, especially for left-handed people or special space layouts, and have poor compatibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a main power switch with a compact structure, support for concealed installation, remote control and multi-dimensional status feedback, so as to improve the layout flexibility, operational safety and identification accuracy of the vehicle electrical system.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, a main power switch is provided, comprising an upper cover, an upper shell, and a lower shell, wherein the upper cover, the upper shell, and the lower shell are sequentially connected to form a closed cavity; The closed cavity is provided with an upper gear disc and a lower gear disc that mesh with each other, a floating seat that is slidably engaged with the lower gear disc, a short-circuit row inserted in the floating seat, and a switch main contact that is movably connected to the short-circuit row; the upper surface of the upper gear disc is connected to one end of a steel wire via a fixed rotating shaft, and the steel wire is used to pull the upper gear disc to rotate, and a compression torsion spring is installed on the surface of the upper gear disc to provide a reset force after the traction force disappears; A reset spring for resetting is provided at the lower end of the floating seat; Among them, the surface of the lower gear disc is provided with a switch pressing tooth, and the lower gear disc presses down the floating seat through the switch pressing tooth, and the floating seat after the pressing action connects the short-circuit bar with the main contact of the switch; the upper cover is provided with an in-position limit block and a reset limit block to limit the rotation of the upper gear disc.

[0007] Furthermore, a through slot is provided on the side wall of the floating seat, the short-circuit bar is installed in the slot, and a short-circuit compression spring is provided between the short-circuit bar and the slot.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower surface of the upper gear disc is provided with an inner cavity, and a ringing bead is installed in the inner cavity; The fitting surfaces of the lower gear plate and the upper gear plate are provided with a plurality of grooves, and the grooves are used to cooperate with the ringing beads.

[0009] Furthermore, metal contacts are provided at both ends of the shorting bar, and the shorting bar presses the metal contacts to the main contacts of the switch through a shorting compression spring to achieve conduction.

[0010] Furthermore, the switch pressing tooth is slidably connected to the inner wall of the floating seat; the inner wall of the floating seat is provided with an off position and a conducting position, a climbing slope is provided between the off position and the conducting position, and the conducting position is provided with a slot structure engaged with the switch pressing tooth; The edge of the lower gear disc is also provided with a sealing O-ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper and lower gear plates that mesh with each other include: the upper and lower gear plates are meshed with each other through meshing teeth, and the meshing teeth are structures with inclined meshing surfaces.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed shaft end of the steel wire is provided with a lead-out structure; The guide structure includes: an external vertical ball pair, an internal vertical ball pair and a transverse ball pair; the transverse ball pair is arranged between the external vertical ball pair and the internal vertical ball pair, and the steel wire is respectively inserted between the external vertical ball pair, the internal vertical ball pair and the transverse ball pair; The surface of the lead-out structure is provided with a waterproof and dustproof rubber cover.

[0013] Furthermore, a vertical motion guide groove is provided on the side wall of the floating seat, and the floating seat is slidably connected in the closed cavity through the motion guide groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the main contacts of the switch are arranged on terminal studs, terminal studs for connecting to a power source are arranged in the closed cavity, and isolation plates are arranged between the terminal studs.

[0015] In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided, equipped with the main power switch according to the first aspect, wherein the main power switch is installed inside the vehicle's beam via a mounting bracket; A voltage detection controller and an LED indicator light are provided inside the main power switch.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention forms a closed cavity by sequentially connecting the upper cover, upper shell and lower shell to achieve the airtightness and modular packaging of the overall structure, facilitate the hidden installation of the switch body, improve the freedom of vehicle layout and space utilization, and effectively isolate external dust, water vapor, etc., thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the system; at the same time, by providing interlocking upper and lower gear discs, and using a steel wire to pull the upper gear disc to rotate and drive the lower gear disc to move, the switch on / off operation can be achieved by remote pulling, avoiding the limitation of traditional knob-type switches that must be operated nearby, significantly improving the convenience of operation and human-machine adaptability, and is particularly suitable for hidden layout and different drivers' operating habits.

[0017] 2. The surface of the lower toothed disc is provided with switch pressing teeth, which are linked with the floating seat that slides below, and press the short-circuit bar to the main contacts of the switch to conduct the circuit through the floating seat, thereby realizing reliable on-off control; at the same time, the floating seat is provided with a reset spring, which automatically returns to its position after the switch is disconnected, ensuring the consistency of operation and the accuracy of reset; the surface of the upper toothed disc is provided with a compression torsion spring, which automatically resets after being pulled and released, and cooperates with the inclined bite structure to realize one-way engagement and reverse slippage, thereby ensuring that the switch automatically returns to its position after the operation is completed and the state is stable, preventing misoperation or out-of-position state; the interior of the upper cover is provided with an in-position limit block and a reset limit block to limit the rotation range of the upper toothed disc, avoid jamming or component damage caused by overtravel, and enhance the durability and safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The figure shows a side axial view of the hidden arrangement switch provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the hidden arrangement switch provided by the present invention from the top axis side; Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the hidden arrangement switch provided by the present invention from the elevation axis side; Figure 4The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the hidden arrangement switch shaft provided by the present invention; Figure 5 The figure shows the arrangement position of the hidden switch provided by the present invention and the common manual power switch on the beam as viewed from the inside of the longitudinal beam. Figure 6 The figure shows the arrangement positions of the hidden switch provided by the present invention and the common manual main power switch on the beam as viewed from the outside of the longitudinal beam; Figure 7 The figure shows the effect of the arrangement positions of the hidden switch provided by the present invention and the common manual main power switch on the beam when viewed from the cross section of the longitudinal beam; Figure 8 The figure shows the starting position of the rotation caused by the internal wire drawing movement after the top cover is removed provided by the present invention; Figure 9 The figure shows the end position of the rotation caused by the internal wire drawing movement after the top cover is removed provided by the present invention; Figure 10 The figure shows the ratchet wheel disc engagement structure and the wire drawing guide roller as well as the schematic diagram of the connection between the bottom conducting plate and the tenon seat provided by the present invention; Figure 11 The figure shows the internal structure of the ratchet upper tooth plate and the reset torsion spring and the ratchet lower tooth plate and the tenon provided by the present invention; Figure 12 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the ratchet upper toothed disc, the reset torsion spring and the ratchet lower toothed disc ringing bead provided by the present invention; Figure 13 Shown is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the top cover provided by the present invention; Figure 14 Shown is a schematic diagram of the indicator light circuit provided by the present invention; Figure 15 Shown is a schematic diagram of the installation cross-sectional structure of the waterproof and dustproof rubber cover provided by the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Upper cover; 2. Anti-wear flange; 3. External vertical roller pair; 4. Steel wire; 5. Upper shell; 6. Lower shell; 7. Fixing hole; 8. Upper cover fixing seat; 9. Upper gear plate compression spring storage compartment; 10. Steel wire fixing point storage compartment; 11. Power line terminal; 12. Power line; 13. Terminal stud; 14. Isolation plate; 15. Compression spring; 16. Ringing bead; 17. Gap between upper gear plate and upper shell wall; 18. Upper shell wall; 19. Switch pressure teeth; 20. Short-circuit compression spring; 21. Floating seat; 22. Reset spring; 23. Switch main Contacts; 24. On position; 25. Lower gear plate; 26. Upper gear plate; 27. Conventional manual main power switch; 27-1. Rotating handle for conventional manual main power switch; 28. Mounting bracket; 29. ​​Bracket beam fixing hole; 30. Beam; 31. Bracket switch fixing hole; 32. Pull ring handle; 33. Nylon sleeve at the pull ring end; 34. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover; 35. Guide pulley; 36. Horizontal roller pair; 37. Ring fixing screw; 38. Lower gear plate flange; 39. Reset position of the steel wire fixing shaft; 40. Internal vertical roller pair 41. Action position of the wire fixing shaft; 42. Action position of the wire mounting seat; 43. Reset position of the wire mounting seat; 44. Inclined engagement force surface of the upper and lower gear discs; 45. Short-circuit row; 46. Sealing O-ring; 47. Engaging teeth; 48. Motion guide groove; 49. Groove; 50. Sliding inclined surface of the lower gear disc engagement teeth; 51. Disconnection position; 52. Wire guide cylinder; 53. Wire passage hole; 54. Reset limit block; 55. Lower gear disc pressure enclosure; 56. In-position limit block; 57. Fixing bolt; 58. Indicator Lamp ground wire; 59. LED indicator light; 60. Indicator light control line 1; 61. Indicator light controller; 62. Short-circuit bus detection line; 63. Terminal stud 1 detection line; 64. Terminal stud 2 detection line; 65. Indicator light control line 2; 66. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover wire guide barrel sealing package; 67. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover inner sealing plate; 68. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover outer sealing plate; 69. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover conical elastic section; 70. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover wire outlet nylon protective tube; 71. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover wall hole adapter sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances. Example 1:

[0022] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a main power switch, the exterior of which is composed of an upper cover 1 (the cover of the rotating mechanism pulled by the steel wire 4), an upper shell 5, and a lower shell 6, which are assembled and connected in sequence. The upper cover 1 is fixed to the top of the upper shell 5 by screws installed on the surrounding upper cover 1 fixing seat. The upper shell 5 is fixed to the lower shell 6 by snap-fitting and waterproof sealant.

[0023] The upper cover 1 has a steel wire 4 guiding tube extending laterally, and a waterproof and dustproof rubber cover 34 is installed at the opening of the guiding tube. The outer vertical roller pair 3, the transverse roller pair 36, and the inner vertical roller pair 40 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside of the tube. The tube mouth has an anti-wear flange to prevent the steel wire 4 from being worn and broken due to long-term deflection when it is too large, and it also plays a role in limiting and preventing the waterproof and dustproof cover from falling off.

[0024] In the center of the upper cover 1, the upper toothed disc 26 compresses the torsion spring 15, and the upper toothed disc 26 is pressed below. The upper toothed disc 26 is connected to the steel wire 4, and the lower part of the upper toothed disc 26 is connected to the lower toothed disc 25 through the engaging teeth 47. Each engaging tooth 47 of the upper toothed disc 26 has a cavity inside which contains the ringing bead 16 mechanism. The upper part of the ringing bead 16 mechanism is the ringing bead 16 fixing screw, the lower part is the ringing bead 16, and the middle part is the ringing bead 16 return spring 22 to provide elastic pressure to the ringing bead 16.

[0025] The lower gear disc 25 includes multiple, continuous grooves 49 corresponding to the engaging teeth 47. These grooves 49 only appear in pairs when the switch is on or off, distinguishing the switch state. The diameter of the lower gear disc 25 is larger than that of the upper gear disc 26, forming a flange. The flange's vertical grooves 49 house the lower gear disc 25's sealing O-ring 46. The lower gear disc 25's switch pressure tooth 19 is located in the center of the lower surface, housed within the pressure tooth seat space at the top of the floating seat 21.

[0026] Floating seat 21 is movable up and down within the space between upper and lower housings 6. A through-slot is defined in the center of floating seat 21, housing a shorting bar 45. A shorting spring 20 ensures reliable conduction and allows for assembly and movement tolerances. Shorting bar 45 has metal contacts at its base. As it moves downward, it presses against the main switch contacts 23 atop the two lower terminal studs 13, completing the circuit.

[0027] The upper housing 5 is fully or partially transparent and houses multi-color LED indicators 59, an indicator controller, and connecting cables for each indicator. The indicator housing emits colored light through the transparent portion of the housing for status identification. The top of the upper housing 5 is a circular wall that houses the upper and lower gear discs 25, with mounting holes on both sides.

[0028] On both sides of the bottom of the lower shell 6 are wiring bolts and their nuts, and between the two wiring bolts is an isolation plate 14, which plays a protective role in preventing the wire terminals on both sides from short-circuiting with tools or accidentally short-circuiting with surrounding metal conductive objects.

[0029] It should be noted that the fixed axis of the steel wire 4 on the upper toothed disc 26 can ensure that it is firmly fixed on the upper toothed disc 26 and can withstand the tension required to overcome the switch movement to achieve durable use. At the same time, the fixed axis can allow the steel wire 4 to rotate along the vertical axis. When the axial movement of the steel wire 4 during stretching and retraction is converted into the horizontal circular rotation movement of the upper toothed disc 26, it can adapt to the angular deviation of the horizontal pulling movement perpendicular to the pulling direction of the steel wire 4. When the movement deviation of the steel wire 4 is transmitted to the steel wire 4 guide cylinder, it can be limited by it when passing through the internal vertical roller pair 40 and realize anti-wear guide limitation. The vertical movement deviation of the steel wire 4 caused by the upward movement process when the upper toothed disc 26 is reset is realized by the steel wire 4 when passing through the horizontal roller pair 36 to realize anti-wear guide limitation. After these two roller pairs, the consistency of the direction and position of the steel wire 4 outlet is guaranteed, and eccentric wear loss is avoided, so that the force is balanced and smooth, reducing friction and tension to achieve labor saving. When the external steel wire 4 is arranged, for structural layout and waterproof considerations, the initial direction of the steel wire 4 can be tilted downward to achieve the outflow and dripping of sewage and not be transmitted to the switch. The resulting up and down deviation angles of the steel wire 4 can be limited and wear-resistant by the anti-wear flanges on the upper and lower edges of the steel wire guide tube 4. When the steel wire 4 is arranged, the up and down deviation angles can be as small as possible from the angle of the touchable flange. When the steel wire 4 is arranged to the left and right, the direction of the steel wire 4 can be adaptively limited and wear-resistant by the external vertical roller. When arranged externally, it is often necessary to generate multiple bending changes in the direction of the steel wire 4 according to the switch position, the handle ring position, the fixed point position of the intermediate path structure and the structural layout requirements. A guide pulley can be arranged at each bending point to achieve the change in the movement direction of the steel wire 4 and the limiting and wear-resistant smoothing effect. There is a nylon tube at the end pull ring position and in the waterproof and dustproof rubber cover 34 to achieve lubrication and wear protection of the steel wire 4 and guide the movement direction of the steel wire 4.

[0030] The entire steel wire 4 with the casing can also be used to achieve full waterproof and dustproof protection and the turning and fixing of the outer casing at the bend at a radius not less than the minimum turning radius.

[0031] like Figure 15 As shown, the two connecting bolts are injection molded into the lower shell 6 to achieve bottom waterproofing. The lower shell 6 is firmly fixed to the upper shell 5 and watertight through a bayonet and a circle of waterproof glue. The upper shell 5 is waterproofed and isolated from the upper part by the waterproof O-ring on the side of the flange of the lower toothed disc 25 and the lower toothed disc 25 itself. The upper toothed disc 26 and other structures are compressed and sealed by the upper cover 1 and the sealant through the fixing bolts 57. The outlet of the steel wire 4 guide cylinder of the upper cover 1 is sealed with the rubber waterproof dustproof cover. The rubber waterproof dustproof cover is clamped at the anti-wear flange of the outlet of the steel wire 4 guide cylinder to prevent loosening and falling off, and the steel wire 4 guide cylinder sealing bag of the rubber cover wraps the guide cylinder to achieve sealing. The middle section of the waterproof rubber cover has several annular adapter sealing rings with a thin trapezoidal cross-section, which are flexible and deformable. It can fill the circular opening of the beam and achieve sealing and centering the rubber sealing cover in the center of the circular hole, and play a certain role in movement resistance and tightening, while the outer sealing plate of the rubber cover is stuck on the outside of the beam hole to achieve sealing and limiting to prevent the rubber cover from moving inward, and the inner sealing plate of the rubber cover has an elastic deformation cross-section that can adapt to different beam thicknesses, and achieve reliable compression sealing and limiting to prevent it from being pulled out of the beam. The conical elastic section of the rubber cover can achieve a transition between the shape of the outer sealing plate and the outlet port, and has a certain deformation elasticity to adapt to the movement path deviation caused by the angular deviation of the steel wire 4. The end is firmly covered with a nylon wear-resistant tube, which has hardness and wear resistance, and is well adapted to the arrangement angle change of the steel wire 4. The nylon wear-resistant tube cooperates with the conical elastic section to achieve primary waterproof and dustproof effects and guiding wear-resistant effects.

[0032] The lower surfaces of the four teeth of the upper gear plate 26 are all provided with a ringing bead 16 mechanism, while the four teeth of the lower gear plate 25 are only on the upper surface of a pair of teeth, and there are a number of interval grooves 49 with the same rotation radius as the arrangement position of the ringing bead 16. When the upper gear plate 26 pushes the lower gear plate 25 to move into place and the lower gear plate 25 remains locked, the pulling effect of the steel wire 4 disappears, and the upper gear plate 26 begins to rotate in the opposite direction and reset under the action of the reset spring 22, the lower surface of the teeth of the upper gear plate 26 will pass over the upper surface of the lower gear plate 25. At this time, the ringing bead 16 will roll on the upper surface of the lower gear plate 25 and pass through a number of ringing bead 16 grooves 49, ringing. When the bead 16 does not pass through the groove 49, it is pressed into its own accommodating cavity by the pressure of the upper surface of the lower tooth plate 25 without exposing its head. When passing through the groove 49 of the ringing bead 16, the ringing bead 16 is pushed out by the internal return spring 22 and can just be embedded in the ringing bead 16 groove 49 on the upper surface of the lower tooth plate 25 tooth. When it continues to slide out of the ringing bead 16 groove 49, motion interference occurs and the bead is squeezed into the accommodating cavity. In the process of exposure and squeezing in, sound and vibration are generated and the vibration is transmitted to the human hand through the steel wire 4, thereby generating a number of sound prompts and a synchronous vibration feel as a status prompt of this position.

[0033] When the pressing tooth falls into and out of the conducting position 24, there will be vibration and sound caused by the protrusions on both sides of the groove 49, which can also serve as a reminder sound and vibration for entering and exiting the locked state. The position of the ringing bead groove can be set on the tooth surface of the lower tooth plate 25 corresponding to the successful closing, and can also be set on the tooth surface of the lower tooth plate 25 corresponding to the successful opening. The corresponding type of lower tooth plate 25 can be selected according to customer needs to achieve different reminder states.

[0034] Assuming that the switch is currently in the closed state, the wire 4 pull ring handle is pulled, the wire 4 is pulled outward, and the upper gear disc 26 is pulled to rotate (according to the design of this embodiment, the upper gear disc 26 rotates clockwise in the top view), and the engagement drives the lower gear disc 25 to rotate synchronously, and the switch pressure tooth 19 at the bottom of the lower gear disc 25 moves out from the disconnect position 51 along the switch pressure tooth 19 seat of the floating seat 21, slides all the way along the pressure tooth seat slope until it falls into the top conduction position 24 groove 49 and is locked, and produces a vibrating feel and sound. At the same time, because the lower gear disc 25 is limited by the pressing wall of the upper cover 1 and will not move up, the floating seat 21 is pressed down in the reverse direction and has reached its full stroke. The pressure is transmitted by the short-circuited compression spring 20 to press the compression row tightly onto the switch main contacts 23 of the two wiring bolts, preventing virtual connection and compatible assembly size errors to achieve effective and reliable conduction, and the voltage status is collected by the light controller for corresponding lighting indication. After the action is in place, the steel wire 4 fixed shaft base of the upper gear disc 26 moves clockwise from the reset position to the action position, and is restricted by the rotation limit block 56 inside the upper cover 1, so that the steel wire 4 cannot be pulled outward any further, thereby avoiding over-stroke movement. At this time, the operator can loosen the steel wire 4, and the upper gear disc 26 rotates counterclockwise to reset under the action of the compression torsion spring 15, and overcomes the downward pressure of the compression torsion spring 15. The lower surface of its bite tooth 47 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the bite tooth 47 of the lower gear disc 25, and climbs and rotates counterclockwise. During the process, according to the design state, multiple vibrations and sound reminders of the ringing bead 16 may be triggered until the complete reverse rotation climbing of the noodle eating surface is completed. The steel wire 4 fixed shaft base moves to the reset position and is blocked by the reset limit block 54 corresponding to the upper cover 1 to stop resetting, and falls into the lowest point of the next tooth surface behind the highest point of the lower gear disc 25, and is then pressed down by the pressure of the compression torsion spring 15, sliding down along the tooth surface of the lower gear disc 25 and tightly against the lower gear disc 25. During the clockwise movement of the upper gear disc 26 driving the lower gear disc 25 to rotate, the upper gear disc 26 and the lower gear disc 25 only have horizontal rotational movement, and the lower gear disc 25 will press down the floating seat 21, and the upper surface of the outer side of the flange of the lower gear disc 25 will be pressed down by the compression wall of the upper cover 1, so it will not move upward due to the reaction force of the floating seat 21, and will be restricted in place without any up and down movement. However, during the counterclockwise resetting process of the upper gear disc 26, the upper gear disc 26 will move upward to overcome the pressure of the compression torsion spring 15 during the process of climbing up the inclined surface, causing the steel wire 4 to move upward synchronously and be guided in the right direction by the transverse roller.When the operator pulls the wire 4 again, this movement process will be repeated in sequence, except that the upper gear disc 26 pushes the lower gear disc 25 to rotate. As a result, the lower pressure tooth of the lower gear disc 25 climbs out of the conducting position 24 and then descends along the slope to the disconnecting position 51 and is locked by the top of the groove 49. At this time, the floating seat 21 loses the downward pressure of the lower pressure tooth and will float up, causing the short-circuit row 45 to move up synchronously to disconnect the switch main contacts 23 and realize circuit breaking. After the upper gear disc 26 drives the lower gear disc 25 to move to the limit position, it cannot continue to pull and rotate. The operator can release the force, and the upper gear disc 26 continues to return to its position counterclockwise and descends to the next tooth surface of the lower gear disc 25 under the compression force of the compression torsion spring 15 to complete the entire closing and disconnecting movement cycle. There is a floating seat 21 movement guide groove 48 on the side of the floating seat 21, which corresponds to the guide rail inside the upper shell 5, so that the floating seat 21 can only move up and down, and will not be affected by the rotation and tilt climbing force of the lower pressure tooth and the pressure tooth seat to produce rotational movement.

[0035] See Figure 9 The engaging teeth 47 of the upper and lower gear discs 26 and 25 are inclined engaging force surfaces (engaging effect), wherein the pushing end surface of the engaging teeth 47 of the upper gear disc 26 and the pushed end surface of the engaging teeth 47 of the lower gear disc 25 are a stack of inclined vertical surfaces that can be tightly engaged, and the inclination direction of the vertical surfaces is that when the upper gear disc 26 rotates clockwise in the top view, the inclined surface of the engaging teeth 47 of the upper gear disc 26 will slide and drill into the bottom of the inclined surface of the engaging teeth 47 of the lower gear disc 25, thereby cooperating with the downward pressure of the compression torsion spring 15 to ensure that the upper gear disc 26 is firmly attached to the lower gear disc 25 and will not shake or move upward, and the lower gear disc 25 is pressed down and limited by the pressing wall of the upper cover 1 and will not produce vertical movement and shaking, so the two can fit tightly and stably complete the synchronous rotation action. This is the engaging locking design of this patent, and the inclination angle of the engaging surface and the inclination angle of the upper and lower contact surfaces can be designed and adjusted according to requirements such as force and stroke size. Example 2:

[0036] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a main power switch and its vehicle application method, which has a compact structure, flexible installation, accurate control, multiple state feedback and good protection performance.

[0037] The main power switch comprises: an upper cover 1, an upper shell 5, and a lower shell 6, which are sequentially connected to form a closed cavity structure for accommodating the entire mechanical and electrical functional components.

[0038] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, a wire guide cylinder 52 is provided inside the upper cover 1 for leading out the wire 4. An external vertical roller pair 3, a transverse roller pair 36 and an internal vertical roller pair 40 are sequentially provided inside the cylinder for guiding, reducing friction and limiting the wire during pulling. An anti-wear flange 2 is also provided on the outside of the wire guide cylinder, and a waterproof and dustproof rubber cover 34 is covered at its outlet. The cylinder is also equipped with a wire guide barrel sealing bag 66, a conical elastic section 69, a nylon protective tube 70 and an adapter sealing ring 71, thereby achieving waterproof, dustproof and limiting properties of the wire outlet.

[0039] One end of the steel wire 4 passes through the steel wire passage hole 53 and is fixed in the steel wire fixing point accommodating compartment 10 on the upper gear plate 26, and the other end is connected to the pull ring handle 32 through the pull ring end nylon sleeve 33 for the driver to remotely operate the traction.

[0040] The upper sprocket 26 is arranged in the upper sprocket compression torsion spring accommodating chamber 9, and a compression torsion spring 15 is installed on its upper surface, which is used to drive the upper sprocket to reset after traction is released; the lower surface of the upper sprocket is provided with engaging teeth 47, which engage with the corresponding engaging teeth 50 on the lower sprocket 25 to form an inclined engaging surface 44, which is used to drive the lower sprocket to rotate clockwise and slip when resetting in the reverse direction.

[0041] The lower gear disc 25 is provided with a lower gear disc flange 38, and a sealing O-ring 46 is provided on the edge for sealing with the lower housing; a switch pressing tooth 19 is provided at its center, which is used to press into the floating seat 21 below during rotation to achieve conduction or release.

[0042] The floating base 21 is connected to the upper housing via a sliding guide groove 48, allowing it to move only up and down. A shorting bar 45 is mounted in a transverse slot within the base, with metal contacts at both ends. These contacts are pressed against the switch main contacts 23 below by a shorting spring 20, achieving electrical continuity when the on position 24 is depressed and interrupting electrical continuity when the off position 51 is raised.

[0043] A return spring 22 is provided below the floating seat 21 for rebounding the switch pressing tooth 19 to an upper position after the switch pressing tooth 19 is released.

[0044] Two terminal studs 13 are installed at the bottom of the lower housing 6, which are connected to the vehicle battery terminal and the load terminal respectively, and an isolation plate 14 is provided between the two to prevent accidental short circuit.

[0045] A reset limit block 54 and an in-position limit block 56 for positioning the upper gear disc are provided inside the upper housing 5 or its surrounding wall 18 to prevent the upper gear disc from over-travel movement.

[0046] In order to provide sound and tactile feedback, a sound bead 16 is provided in the upper gear plate 26, which is tightened by the sound bead fixing screw 37 and the internal spring. During the reset movement of the upper gear plate, it engages with the groove 49 of the lower gear plate to emit a "clicking" sound and vibration.

[0047] The indicator light section, housed within the enclosed cavity, also features an LED indicator light 59 and an indicator light controller 61. The controller connects to the LED via indicator light control lines 160 and 265, respectively, to control different color states. It also connects to terminal stud 13 via detection lines 63 and 64 for terminal stud 2, and detects the shorting bar status via shorting bar detection line 62. The indicator light grounding wire 58 connects to the metal fixing hole 7 and, via fixing bolts 57, forms a grounding loop with the mounting bracket 28 and beam 30.

[0048] In the vehicle structure, the main power switch is mounted to the mounting bracket 28 through the bracket switch fixing hole 31, and then connected to the inside of the frame beam 30 through the bracket beam fixing hole 29. A pull ring handle 32 is located in a convenient position on the driver's side. The beam is provided with an observation hole facing the indicator light area to facilitate viewing the on / off or alarm status.

[0049] The power line 12 is connected to the power line terminal 11 and is used to introduce or output the main power of the vehicle. Example 3:

[0050] Based on the second embodiment, this embodiment provides a wiring method for vehicle light signals, such as Figure 14 As shown, pin 1 of the internal indicator light controller detects the voltage value of the terminal stud 131, pin 3 detects the voltage value of the terminal stud 132, pin 2 detects the voltage value of the short-circuit bar 45, pin 4 is connected to the first color control pin of the multi-color LED indicator light 59, and pin 5 is connected to the second color control pin. If there are other colors, pin 6 and more pins can be reserved for output control, and the common ground wire of the multi-color LED indicator light 59 is connected to the metal wall of the fixing hole. When the fixing bolt 57 fixes the switch to the bracket and the beam, the bolt forms a ground wire conduction loop with the metal wall of the fixing hole, the bracket and the beam and the lead-acid battery grounding wire.

[0051] 5.21 Wiring method: The power supply end of the lead-acid battery power line is allowed to be installed on the nearest terminal stud 131 or 2 according to the switch layout. The indicator light controller inside the switch can automatically determine which terminal stud 13 is connected to the power supply end of the power line and which is connected to the power output end according to the voltage detection situation when power is turned on. Any pin 1 or 3 can provide working power for the indicator light controller and start normal indication control work. In the disconnected state, that is, only one of pins 1 and 3 has voltage and pin 2 is without power, the pin with power is determined to be the power supply end of the power line, and the other end is the power output end, and vice versa.

[0052] If the wiring mode is changed subsequently, the indicator light controller inside the switch will re-determine the wiring mode each time the power is completely cut off (both terminal studs 13 are without power) and after power is restored.

[0053] 5.22 Abnormal power supply: If, when the switch is powered off, the detection pins 1 and 3 corresponding to the bolts on both sides have voltage, but the corresponding pin 45 of short-circuit block No. 2 is not connected to the wiring bolts corresponding to pins 1 and 3, resulting in no voltage and no signal, then it is determined that the output end of the power cord is abnormally energized. At this time, if there is a difference in the voltage of the two wiring bolts, it can be determined that it is an abnormal voltage, such as circuit leakage or the generator or DCDC cannot be powered off.

[0054] At the same time, if the short-circuit bus 45 is welded to a terminal of a wiring bolt and cannot be separated, if it is welded to the power line end, pin 2 of the short-circuit bus 45 will always have power, while pin 3 will be disconnected and have no power.

[0055] If the contacts of short-circuit block 45 and the output terminal corresponding to pin 3 are welded, there will be no electricity on pin 2.

[0056] If the contacts corresponding to the short-circuit bar 45 and the two terminal studs 13 are all welded, 1-3 will always be energized, and the energized indicator light will always be displayed and cannot be powered off. The welding result can be judged by the light.

[0057] When the power is abnormal, the multi-color LED indicator 59 flashes in blue (the color and display status can be adjusted as needed).

[0058] 5.23 Positive and Negative Control: This embodiment is described as a positive power control method, i.e., terminal studs 131 and 132 are connected to the positive power supply terminal and output terminal of the lead-acid battery, respectively. In this case, pins 1-3 of the indicator light controller detect the battery's 24V power. When the battery is charged, the corresponding pin voltage detection signal is valid; when it is de-energized, the corresponding pin voltage detection signal is invalid. Pins 4-5 are then controlled to output a control voltage, causing the corresponding color indicator lights to illuminate regularly. The operating voltage of the indicator light controller is derived from the power supply terminal voltage provided by the corresponding terminal stud 13. If a negative control method is used, i.e., the switch disconnects the negative battery line (or ground line), an additional positive power supply must be provided to the switch for chip operation and to detect the ground connection status of the terminal. In this case, a dedicated model is required to provide a working power interface and new indicator light controller hardware or software to match the ground detection and power supply requirements of the negative control.

[0059] 5.24 Voltage platform determination: Common vehicle voltage levels are 12V and 24V, and the voltage ranges are 12V vehicles: 12V to 14.7V, maintained at around 13V during startup and operation.

[0060] 24V vehicles: between 23.6V and 25.6V, and between 27V and 29V when starting and running.

[0061] Therefore, the input power acceptance range of this switch indicator light controller is 0-36V, and it can work normally within a wide voltage range. The generator or DCDC working voltage range falls into the starting voltage range value when it is connected and started (pins 1-3 are all powered and the voltage is the same, that is, the power supply is turned on, and they are all in the specified voltage range, that is, they are in the corresponding platform. At the same time, the voltage detection pin can detect the waveform of the generated voltage after rectification, that is, it is determined to be in the power generation state). It is used as an indicator for determining the working voltage level and recorded in the chip. Unless it is dismantled and installed on a vehicle with another voltage platform next time (both terminal studs 13 are without power), and the voltage platform memory state is modified again through the starting voltage determination process, the platform value written last time can be used, and the voltage range corresponding to the written current voltage platform is used as the basis for voltage platform determination and power consumption status detection.

[0062] 5.25 Power Status Detection: When the switch is on, assuming pin 1 corresponds to the lead-acid battery power supply, the voltage is detected by shorting block 45, allowing pin 2 to detect the battery voltage and transmitting it to the corresponding terminal block of pin 3. This means that pins 1-3 will all detect the same voltage, representing the battery voltage, and the battery voltage can be accurately determined. When the switch is off, shorting block 45 moves upward, leaving pin 2 open, pin 1 indicating the battery voltage, and pin 3 open. Unless the battery voltage is low, no other abnormal conditions should occur. (The indicator light color and display status can be adjusted according to actual needs through the program settings.) Pins 4 and 5 can be set to blue or green, respectively, while both illuminated simultaneously as yellow. Pin 6 can also be set to red, allowing for a variety of color display functions.

[0063] Normal conduction: When the switch is turned on, the voltage platform is normal, and the voltage detection is in normal condition with no power loss, the indicator light is solid green.

[0064] Normal disconnection: When the switch is not turned on and is in the circuit breaker state, and the voltage platform is normal, and the voltage detection is in the normal state and there is no power loss, the indicator light will flash green.

[0065] Low power conduction: When the switch is turned on and the voltage platform is normal, the voltage detection is lower than the normal voltage range and low power occurs, the indicator light will be solid blue.

[0066] Disconnect due to power failure: When the switch is not turned on and is in the circuit breaker state, and the voltage platform is normal, but the voltage detection is lower than the normal voltage range and power failure occurs, the indicator light flashes blue.

[0067] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main power switch, characterized in that: include: An upper cover (1), an upper shell (5) and a lower shell (6), wherein the upper cover (1), the upper shell (5) and the lower shell (6) are connected in sequence to form a closed cavity; The closed cavity is provided with an upper toothed disc (26) and a lower toothed disc (25) that engage with each other, a floating seat (21) that is slidably engaged with the lower toothed disc (25), a short-circuit row (45) inserted in the floating seat (21), and a switch main contact (23) that is movably connected to the short-circuit row (45); the upper surface of the upper toothed disc (26) is connected to one end of a steel wire (4) through a fixed rotating shaft, and the steel wire (4) is used to pull the upper toothed disc (26) to rotate, and a compression torsion spring (15) is installed on the surface of the upper toothed disc (26) for providing a reset force after the traction force disappears; A return spring (22) for returning the floating seat (21) is provided at the lower end thereof; The surface of the lower toothed disc (25) is provided with a switch pressing tooth (19), and the lower toothed disc (25) presses down the floating seat (21) through the switch pressing tooth (19), and the floating seat (21) after the downward pressing action connects the short-circuit row (45) and the switch main contact (23); the upper cover (1) is provided with an in-position limit block (56) and a reset limit block (54) for limiting the rotation of the upper toothed disc (26).

2. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through slot is provided on the side wall of the floating seat (21), the short-circuit row (45) is installed in the slot, and a short-circuit compression spring (20) is provided between the short-circuit row (45) and the slot.

3. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the upper toothed disc (26) is provided with an inner cavity, and a ringing bead (16) is installed in the inner cavity; The mating surfaces of the lower toothed disc (25) and the upper toothed disc (26) are provided with a plurality of grooves (49), and the grooves (49) are used to cooperate with the ringing beads (16).

4. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: Metal contacts are provided at both ends of the short-circuit bar (45), and the short-circuit bar (45) is used to fit the metal contacts to the switch main contacts (23) via the short-circuit compression spring (20) to achieve conduction.

5. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch pressing tooth (19) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the floating seat (21); the inner wall of the floating seat (21) is provided with an off position (51) and a conducting position (24); a climbing slope is provided between the off position (51) and the conducting position (24), and the conducting position (24) is provided with a slot structure engaged with the switch pressing tooth (19); A sealing O-ring (46) is also provided on the edge of the lower toothed disc (25).

6. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper toothed disc (26) and the lower toothed disc (25) are engaged with each other via engaging teeth (47), and the engaging teeth (47) are structures with inclined engaging surfaces.

7. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed shaft end of the steel wire (4) is provided with a lead-out structure; The guide structure comprises: an external vertical ball pair, an internal vertical ball pair and a transverse ball pair; the transverse ball pair is arranged between the external vertical ball pair and the internal vertical ball pair, and the steel wire (4) is respectively inserted between the external vertical ball pair, the internal vertical ball pair and the transverse ball pair; A waterproof and dustproof rubber cover (34) is provided on the surface of the lead-out structure.

8. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertically extending motion guide groove (48) is provided on the side wall of the floating seat (21), and the floating seat (21) is slidably connected in the closed cavity via the motion guide groove (48).

9. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch main contact (23) is arranged on a terminal stud (13), the closed cavity is provided with a terminal stud (13) for connecting to a power source, and an isolation plate (14) is provided between the terminal studs (13).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Equipped with a main power switch according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the main power switch is installed inside the vehicle's beam (30) through a mounting bracket (28); A voltage detection controller and an LED indicator light (59) are provided inside the main power switch.

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