Multi-index electrical online monitoring system

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-index electrical online monitoring system, which comprises at least one substation chamber and a monitoring chamber, and is characterized in that a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting temperature and humidity and a signal converter for converting wired signals into wireless signals are arranged in the substation chamber; the temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the signal converter, and the signal converter converts received data into electric signals; the signal converter is connected with a first signal transceiving device; a second signal transceiving device is mounted in the detection chamber; the first signal receiving and transmitting device is matched with the second signal receiving and transmitting device; the substation chamber is also provided with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is connected with the signal converter; the device has the advantages of being reasonable in structure, achieving comprehensive monitoring and accurately measuring the electrical environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical monitoring, and in particular relates to a multi-index electrical online monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country's power system has put forward higher and higher requirements for the quality of electric energy. It is necessary not only to ensure stable and reliable power supply, but also the safety of power supply is an important requirement. During the operation of electrical equipment, due to high temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind speed, vibration and other chemical reactions, the electrical performance will be affected, and sometimes local discharge will occur. At the same time, it will accelerate the deterioration of insulation, causing great economic losses to the power system. The Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN219778141U discloses a distributed temperature and humidity control system for a substation, including a gateway, a server and at least one substation compartment. Each compartment of the substation is provided with a temperature and humidity control device for adjusting the temperature and humidity, a remote control for controlling the temperature and humidity control device, a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity, and a signal converter for converting wired signals into wireless signals. The remote control is connected to the temperature and humidity control device. The signal converter is connected to the temperature and humidity sensor and the remote control respectively; it can collect the temperature and humidity signals of each compartment of the substation, and then use remote transmission technology to transmit the signal to the server for unified control and management, thereby realizing distributed remote control of the temperature and humidity of each compartment of the substation; however, it can only collect temperature and humidity. Since the influence on the electrical components in the power equipment includes temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and vibration, measuring only temperature and humidity is not enough to accurately determine the indicators of the electrical environment. The measurement of the environmental indicators of the electrical components is not comprehensive, and the electrical operation status cannot be accurately determined; therefore, it is very necessary to provide a multi-indicator electrical online monitoring system with a reasonable structure, comprehensive monitoring, and accurate measurement of the electrical environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a multi-index electrical online monitoring system which has a reasonable structure, realizes comprehensive monitoring, and accurately measures the electrical environment.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a multi-indicator electrical online monitoring system includes at least one substation compartment and a monitoring room, wherein the substation compartment is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting temperature and humidity, and a signal converter for converting wired signals into wireless signals; the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter, and the signal converter converts the received data into an electrical signal; the signal converter is connected to a first signal transceiver; a second signal transceiver is installed in the detection room; the first signal transceiver and the second signal transceiver are matched; the substation compartment is also provided with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0005] An airflow sensor is also installed in the substation compartment, and the airflow sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0006] The substation compartment is further equipped with a vibration sensor, which is connected to the signal converter.

[0007] A wind force and direction sensor is also installed outside the substation compartment, and the wind force and direction sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0008] An external temperature and humidity sensor is also installed outside the substation compartment, and the external temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0009] The temperature and humidity sensor and the external temperature and humidity sensor are both 485 temperature and humidity sensors, and the signal converter is a 485 to Lora converter.

[0010] The vibration sensor adopts a piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

[0011] The vibration sensor uses a method of extracting the rigid-close point based on the travel signal and calculating mechanical parameters to monitor the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker and extract the characteristic quantity therein, thereby effectively completing the fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: wavelet transform;

[0013] Step 2: Wavelet packet thresholding;

[0014] Step 3: Just-joint point extraction algorithm;

[0015] Step 4: Calculate the opening and closing mechanical parameters according to the formula.

[0016] The wavelet transform in step 1 comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1.1: One-dimensional continuous wavelet transform: define ψ(t)∈L 2 (R), whose Fourier transform is when Satisfy the permissible conditions When ψ(t) is called a basic wavelet or mother wavelet, after translating and scaling the wavelet mother function ψ(t), we get: It is called a wavelet sequence, where a is the scaling factor; b is the translation factor; for any function f(t)∈L 2 (R), its continuous wavelet transform is: Its inverse transform is: Among them, ψ(t) must satisfy the constraints: And it is a continuous function with a value of 0 at the origin;

[0018] Step 1.2: Discrete wavelet transform: According to formula (2) and a is a positive number, the compatibility condition is: Discretize the scale parameter a and translation parameter b in the continuous wavelet: The corresponding discrete wavelet function ψ j,k (t) can be written as: Discrete wavelet coefficient C j,k The expression is: Its reconstruction formula is:

[0019] Step 1.3: Wavelet Packet Analysis: Wavelet packets can be defined as the decomposition space used to examine multi-resolution analysis: This expression shows that multi-resolution analysis is to divide the space L into two parts according to different size factors j. 2 (R) decomposes into subspace W j The sum of (j∈Z); let Then the orthogonal decomposition It can be expressed as Subspace It is defined as the function U n (x) and satisfies the dual-scale equation: Among them, g k =(-1) k h 1-k , that is, the two coefficients have an orthogonal relationship; the sequence {U n (x)} is called a wavelet packet determined by the basis function U0(x); the wavelet packet decomposition algorithm is: Wavelet packet reconstruction algorithm:

[0020] The algorithm for extracting the coincidence point in step 3 adopts a velocity curve method or a wavelet Hilbert transform method.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is a multi-index electrical online monitoring system. During use, the present invention can monitor indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, indoor air pressure, indoor airflow, indoor vibration, and outdoor wind direction and wind conditions in real time through temperature and humidity sensors, air pressure sensors, air flow sensors, vibration sensors, wind force and direction sensors, and external temperature sensors. The electrical online monitoring system of the present invention has the ability to measure more indicators of the electrical location and can more accurately determine the electrical environment, providing a basis for the next step of adjusting the electrical environment. The present invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, comprehensive monitoring, and accurate measurement of the electrical environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the principle of wavelet decomposition of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the principle of wavelet packet decomposition of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-indicator electrical online monitoring system includes at least one substation compartment and a monitoring room, wherein the substation compartment is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting temperature and humidity, and a signal converter for converting wired signals into wireless signals; the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter, and the signal converter converts the received data into an electrical signal; the signal converter is connected to a first signal transceiver; a second signal transceiver is installed in the detection room; the first signal transceiver and the second signal transceiver are matched; the substation compartment is also provided with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0028] In this embodiment, the present invention can detect not only the temperature and humidity in the substation compartment but also the air pressure by providing a temperature and humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor. Since the air pressure has a significant impact on some electrical components, when an abnormal air pressure is detected, the staff can be reminded to take necessary measures.

[0029] In this embodiment, the air pressure sensor may be an air pressure sensor in the prior art.

[0030] An airflow sensor is also installed in the substation compartment, and the airflow sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0031] In this embodiment, the airflow sensor can be an airflow sensor in the prior art;

[0032] The present invention is provided with an airflow sensor, which can also detect the airflow conditions in the substation compartment. Since the airflow conditions have a huge impact on some electrical components, when abnormal airflow conditions are detected, the staff can be reminded to take necessary measures.

[0033] The substation compartment is further equipped with a vibration sensor, which is connected to the signal converter.

[0034] In this embodiment, the present invention sets a vibration sensor, which can also detect the vibration conditions in the substation compartment. Since the vibration conditions have a huge impact on some electrical components, when abnormal vibration conditions are detected, the staff can be reminded to take necessary measures.

[0035] A wind force and direction sensor is also installed outside the substation compartment, and the wind force and direction sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0036] In this embodiment, the present invention is provided with a wind force and direction sensor, which can also detect the wind direction and wind force conditions outside the substation compartment.

[0037] An external temperature and humidity sensor is also installed outside the substation compartment, and the external temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0038] The temperature and humidity sensor and the external temperature and humidity sensor are both 485 temperature and humidity sensors, and the signal converter is a 485 to Lora converter.

[0039] The present invention is a multi-index electrical online monitoring system. During use, the present invention can monitor indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, indoor air pressure, indoor airflow, indoor vibration, and outdoor wind direction and wind conditions in real time through temperature and humidity sensors, air pressure sensors, air flow sensors, vibration sensors, wind force and direction sensors, and external temperature sensors. The electrical online monitoring system of the present invention has the ability to measure more indicators of the electrical location and more accurately determine the electrical environment, providing a basis for the next step of adjusting the electrical environment. The present invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, comprehensive monitoring, and accurate measurement of the electrical environment.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] like Figure 2-3As shown, a multi-indicator electrical online monitoring system includes at least one substation compartment and a monitoring room, wherein the substation compartment is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting temperature and humidity, and a signal converter for converting wired signals into wireless signals; the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter, and the signal converter converts the received data into an electrical signal; the signal converter is connected to a first signal transceiver; a second signal transceiver is installed in the detection room; the first signal transceiver and the second signal transceiver are matched; the substation compartment is also provided with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is connected to the signal converter.

[0042] The substation compartment is further equipped with a vibration sensor, which is connected to the signal converter.

[0043] The vibration sensor adopts a piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

[0044] The vibration sensor uses a method of extracting the rigid-close point based on the travel signal and calculating mechanical parameters to monitor the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker and extract the characteristic quantity therein, thereby effectively completing the fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Wavelet transform, a three-layer decomposition principle of wavelet transform is as follows Figure 2 As shown, S is the original signal, A1, A2, A3 are low-frequency signals, and D1, D2, D3 are high-frequency signals;

[0046] Step 2: Wavelet packet thresholding;

[0047] In this embodiment, the wavelet packet threshold noise elimination is as follows: ① wavelet packet decomposition of the signal, selecting a wavelet packet function and determining the number of decomposition layers, performing wavelet packet decomposition on the noisy signal to obtain the coefficients of the wavelet packets of each layer; ② calculating the optimal tree, calculating the optimal tree based on a given entropy standard; ③ threshold processing of the wavelet packet decomposition coefficients, selecting an appropriate threshold and threshold processing function, processing the coefficients of each layer whose modulus is greater than or less than a certain value respectively, and obtaining the processed wavelet packet decomposition coefficients of each layer; ④ wavelet packet reconstruction of the signal, performing inverse wavelet packet transform on the processed coefficients of each layer to reconstruct the original signal without noise;

[0048] Threshold processing methods are divided into hard threshold and soft threshold, where the hard threshold is: The soft threshold is: Where λ represents the selected threshold; is the processed wavelet packet coefficient; Y j,k is the original wavelet packet coefficient;

[0049] Step 3: Just-joint point extraction algorithm;

[0050] Step 4: Calculate the opening and closing mechanical parameters according to the formula.

[0051] The wavelet transform in step 1 comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step 1.1: One-dimensional continuous wavelet transform: define ψ(t)∈L 2 (R), whose Fourier transform is when Satisfy the permissible conditions When ψ(t) is called a basic wavelet or mother wavelet, after translating and scaling the wavelet mother function ψ(t), we get: It is called a wavelet sequence, where a is the scaling factor; b is the translation factor; for any function f(t)∈L 2 (R), its continuous wavelet transform is: Its inverse transform (reconstruction formula) is: Among them, ψ(t) must satisfy the constraints: And it is a continuous function with a value of 0 at the origin;

[0053] In this embodiment, the continuous wavelet transform has the following characteristics: ① Self-similarity: there is a self-similar relationship between continuous wavelets with different scale parameters a and different translation parameters b; ② Linearity: the wavelet transform of a component is equal to the sum of the wavelet transforms of all components that constitute the component; ③ Scalability and covariance: if the wavelet transform of f(t) is W f (a,b), then the wavelet transform of f(ct) is ④ Translation invariance: The wavelet transform of f(t) is W f (a, b), then the wavelet transform of f(t-τ) is W f (a, b-τ); ⑤ Redundancy: There is redundancy in information representation in continuous wavelet transform.

[0054] Step 1.2: Discrete wavelet transform: According to formula (2) and a is only a positive number, the compatibility condition is: Discretize the scale parameter a and translation parameter b in the continuous wavelet: The corresponding discrete wavelet function ψ j,k (t) can be written as: Discrete wavelet coefficient C j,k The expression is: Its reconstruction formula is:

[0055] Step 1.3: Wavelet packet analysis: Figure 3 The three-layer decomposition diagram of the wavelet packet is shown. The wavelet packet can be defined as the decomposition space for investigating multi-resolution analysis: This expression shows that multi-resolution analysis is to divide the space L into two parts according to different size factors j. 2 (R) decomposes into subspace W j The sum of (j∈Z); let Then the orthogonal decomposition It can be expressed as Subspace It is defined as the function U n (x) and satisfies the dual-scale equation: in, That is, the two coefficients have an orthogonal relationship; the sequence {U n (x)} is called a wavelet packet determined by the basis function U0(x); the wavelet packet decomposition algorithm is: Wavelet packet reconstruction algorithm:

[0056]

[0057] The algorithm for extracting the coincidence point in step 3 adopts a velocity curve method or a wavelet Hilbert transform method.

[0058] In this embodiment, the wavelet Hilbert transform method uses wavelet transform combined with Hilbert transform to find the singular points of the signal, uses wavelet transform to highlight the changing trend of the signal, uses Hilbert transform to extract the signal envelope, detects the characteristic quantity and finds the mutation point of the signal; the specific calculation process of performing Hilbert transform on the signal x(t) to extract the signal envelope is: Constructed analytical signal The magnitude of z(t) Then A(t) is the signal envelope of signal x(t);

[0059] The specific steps are as follows: ① Use the wavedec function to perform wavelet decomposition on the denoised signal, select the dbl wavelet as the wavelet function, and the decomposition layer is four layers; ② Use the wrcoef function to reconstruct the high-frequency coefficients of the first layer of wavelet decomposition. The signal after wavelet decomposition is divided into high-frequency components and low-frequency components. Since the high-frequency component reflects the local high-frequency information of the signal, and the circuit breaker contacts vibrate most violently at the moment of just closing, the high-frequency part accounts for the largest proportion, so reconstructing the high-frequency coefficients of the first layer can detect the mutation point of the signal; ③ Use the hilbent function and the abs function to calculate the signal envelope of the high-frequency part, and find the maximum value of the envelope, that is, the place where the vibration is most intense, that is, the place where the moving and static contacts just touch.

[0060] The present invention is a multi-index electrical online monitoring system. During use, the present invention can monitor indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, indoor air pressure, indoor airflow, indoor vibration, and outdoor wind direction and wind conditions in real time through temperature and humidity sensors, air pressure sensors, air flow sensors, vibration sensors, wind force and direction sensors, and external temperature sensors. The electrical online monitoring system of the present invention has the ability to measure more indicators of the electrical location and more accurately determine the electrical environment, providing a basis for the next step of adjusting the electrical environment. The present invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, comprehensive monitoring, and accurate measurement of the electrical environment.

Claims

1. A multi-index electrical online monitoring system, comprising at least one substation compartment and a monitoring room, wherein the substation compartment is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting temperature and humidity, and a signal converter for converting wired signals into wireless signals; the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter, which converts received data into electrical signals; the signal converter is connected to a first signal transceiver; a second signal transceiver is installed in the monitoring room; the first and second signal transceivers are matched; and the system is characterized in that: The substation compartment is also equipped with an air pressure sensor, which is connected to the signal converter.

2. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An airflow sensor is also installed in the substation compartment, and the airflow sensor is connected to the signal converter.

3. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The substation compartment is further equipped with a vibration sensor, which is connected to the signal converter.

4. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wind force and direction sensor is also installed outside the substation compartment, and the wind force and direction sensor is connected to the signal converter.

5. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An external temperature and humidity sensor is also installed outside the substation compartment, and the external temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the signal converter.

6. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity sensor and the external temperature and humidity sensor are both 485 temperature and humidity sensors, and the signal converter is a 485 to Lora converter.

7. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration sensor adopts a piezoelectric acceleration sensor.

8. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration sensor uses a method of extracting the rigid-close point based on the travel signal and calculating mechanical parameters to monitor the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker and extract the characteristic quantity therein, thereby effectively completing the fault diagnosis of the circuit breaker, specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1: wavelet transform; Step 2: Wavelet packet thresholding; Step 3: Just-joint point extraction algorithm; Step 4: Calculate the opening and closing mechanical parameters according to the formula.

9. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wavelet transform in step 1 comprises the following steps: Step 1.1: One-dimensional continuous wavelet transform: define ψ(t)∈L 2 (R), whose Fourier transform is when Satisfy the permissible conditions When ψ(t) is called a basic wavelet or mother wavelet, after translating and scaling the wavelet mother function ψ(t), we get: It is called a wavelet sequence, where a is the scaling factor; b is the translation factor; for any function f(t)∈L 2 (R), its continuous wavelet transform is: Its inverse transform is: Among them, ψ(t) must satisfy the constraints: And it is a continuous function with a value of 0 at the origin; Step 1.2: Discrete wavelet transform: According to formula (2) and a is only a positive number, the compatibility condition is: Discretize the scale parameter a and translation parameter b in the continuous wavelet: The corresponding discrete wavelet function ψ j,k (t) can be written as: Discrete wavelet coefficient C j,k The expression is: Its reconstruction formula is: Step 1.3: Wavelet Packet Analysis: Wavelet packets can be defined as the decomposition space used to examine multi-resolution analysis: This expression shows that multi-resolution analysis is to divide the space L into two parts according to different size factors j. 2 (R) decomposes into subspace W j The sum of (j∈Z); let Then the orthogonal decomposition It can be expressed as Subspace It is defined as the function U n (x) and satisfies the dual-scale equation: Among them, g k =(-1) k h 1-k , that is, the two coefficients have an orthogonal relationship; the sequence {U n (x)} is called a wavelet packet determined by the basis function U0(x); the wavelet packet decomposition algorithm is: Wavelet packet reconstruction algorithm:

10. The multi-index electrical online monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The algorithm for extracting the coincidence point in step 3 adopts a velocity curve method or a wavelet Hilbert transform method.

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