Forward scatterometer adaptive temperature control system and control method under complex weather conditions

Abstract

The invention relates to a forward scatterometer adaptive temperature control system and control method under complex weather conditions. The temperature control system comprises a control module, a power supply module, and a temperature sensor module, an environmental parameter sensor module, a heating module and a cooling module which are connected with the control module and the power supply module; the control module is used for receiving data of the temperature sensor module and the environmental parameter sensor module and realizing temperature control information identification of each module according to a preset control algorithm; the environment parameter module is used for calculating dew point temperature, establishing a three-dimensional temperature field model, identifying a hot / cold point area, comparing with target control temperature, dynamically adjusting control parameters, and generating a PWM control signal to drive the cooling module or the heating module, so as to realize accurate control of the temperature of each module in the forward scatterometer; and the optimal working state, the long-term application stability and the measurement accuracy of the forward scatterometer are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to meteorological observation equipment, in particular to a forward scattering instrument self-adaptive temperature control system and a control method under complex weather conditions. Background Art

[0002] The forward scatter meter inverts visibility by measuring the scattering intensity of light by atmospheric particles. Its core components such as optical lenses and photodetectors are sensitive to temperature. In complex environments with large temperature differences between day and night and extreme temperatures, it is easy to cause deformation of the optical-mechanical structure, unstable or faulty performance of sensors and circuits, thereby affecting the long-term observation stability, reliability and visibility measurement accuracy of the equipment.

[0003] Traditional temperature control methods typically employ only one or two internal temperature sensors and a single temperature threshold control logic. These methods fail to consider the differences in optimal operating temperatures among core components, preventing them from achieving optimal performance. A single internal sensor cannot perceive real-time environmental changes or local overheating caused by direct solar radiation. This results in temperature control lag and the following issues: Poor dynamic response: Traditional PID control logic has limitations. Fixed-parameter PID cannot adapt to overshoot when the day-night temperature difference exceeds 20°C. For example, the sudden drop in temperature in the early morning in plateau areas causes continuous PID oscillation, and sudden heavy rain causes rapid cooling (temperature control system response delay > 5 minutes). Environmental adaptability defects: (1) Failure in extreme climates: Frosting at low temperatures. When the ambient temperature is less than -15°C, the power of the traditional heating film is insufficient (needs to be greater than 50W / m 2 But the actual configuration is only 30W / m 2 (2) High humidity condensation: The dew point temperature calculation module is not integrated, and heating is only started roughly when RH>90% (energy consumption increases by 40%). Low level of intelligence: It relies only on current internal temperature feedback and lacks the ability to perceive and adaptively adjust ambient temperature changes in real time, making it difficult to meet usage requirements under complex weather conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions. The specific technical solution is as follows: A forward scattering instrument adaptive temperature control system under complex weather conditions comprises: a temperature sensor module for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the forward scattering instrument; an environmental parameter sensor module for real-time monitoring of external environmental parameters; a heating module for heating the interior of the forward scattering instrument; a cooling module for cooling the interior of the forward scattering instrument; a control module connected to the environmental temperature sensor module, the environmental parameter sensor module, the heating module and the cooling module, respectively, for receiving data from the temperature sensor module and the environmental parameter sensor module, and comparing the acquired temperature information of each sensor module with target temperature information according to a preset control algorithm to achieve temperature control information identification of each module; calculating the dew point temperature through the environmental parameter module, establishing a three-dimensional temperature field model, identifying hot / cold spot areas, and comparing them with the target control temperature, making adaptive control decisions, dynamically adjusting control parameters, and generating PWM control signals to drive the cooling module or the heating module to achieve precise control of the temperature of each module inside the forward scattering instrument; and a power supply module connected to the environmental temperature sensor module, the environmental parameter sensor module, the heating module, the cooling module and the control module respectively.

[0005] Preferably, the temperature sensor module includes: an optical element temperature sensor, a detector temperature sensor and an ambient temperature sensor. 2 C bus to communicate with the control module.

[0006] Preferably, the environmental parameter sensor module includes: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a light intensity sensor, all of which communicate with the control module via an RS485 bus; Preferably, the heating module includes one or more of a resistance heater and a Peltier heater; Preferably, the cooling module includes one or more of a fan, a heat sink, a liquid cooling system and a thermoelectric cooling device.

[0007] A method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions, used in the adaptive temperature control system of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions, is characterized by comprising the following steps: The control module receives data from the temperature sensor module and the environmental parameter sensor module, and compares the temperature information of each sensor module with the target temperature information according to a preset control algorithm to realize the temperature control information identification of each module; The dew point temperature is calculated through the environmental parameter module, a three-dimensional temperature field model is established, hot / cold spot areas are identified and compared with the target control temperature, adaptive control decisions are made, control parameters are dynamically adjusted, and PWM control signals are generated to drive the cooling module or heating module to achieve precise control of the temperature of each module inside the forward scattering instrument.

[0008] Preferably, the dynamic adjustment of control parameters includes: setting differentiated target temperatures for different areas, and starting a gradient temperature control strategy when a local temperature difference of >5°C is detected; predicting through a control algorithm that a temperature drop of >5°C within 30 minutes, and activating a preparatory heating function in advance; and starting anti-condensation control when the dew point is calculated to be close to the surface temperature +1°C based on the LSTM prediction results.

[0009] Preferably, the control algorithm includes: ; Where, is the total control power at time t; is the parameter adaptive PID controller function; is the target temperature; is the actual temperature; is the dew point temperature; To prevent condensation safety margin; LSTM(.) is the output of the temperature trend prediction model; It is a judgment condition. The temperature values ​​that meet this condition are multiplied. If it is 0, the model output is skipped; if it is 1, the preheating instruction is produced. Refers to the temperature drop within 30 minutes; Is the judgment condition, is the target value of differential temperature control, if Then the Laplace operator is brought into the formula, otherwise the Laplace operator is not brought into the formula; is the surface temperature of the equipment; It is the sensor historical data window; is the temperature field Laplace operator; is the gain coefficient of each control item; To limit x to the interval [a, b] and formula, Clip is the clipping function; is the thermal compensation term for wind speed, ranging from 0.1 to 1; is the thermal compensation term for illumination, ranging from 0.05 to 0.25; is the setting term for temperature.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-condensation control includes the following steps: when the system detects Ts≤Td + The anti-condensation heating control is activated.

[0011] Preferably, the gradient temperature control strategy includes: heating the optical window by a thin film heater or dissipating heat by a TEC; heating the optical path transmission by a resistance wire or dissipating heat by a fan; heating or dissipating heat by a micro TEC; heating the electronic components by a heater or dissipating heat by a heat sink and a fan.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an adaptive temperature control system for a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions. The system dynamically adjusts the working status of different modules based on real-time monitored temperature and environmental parameters, thereby achieving precise control of the internal temperature of the forward scattering instrument and ensuring the optimal working state, long-term application stability, and measurement accuracy of the forward scattering instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of the application; Figure 2 It is a flowchart of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] By integrating temperature sensor modules, environmental parameter sensor modules, heating modules, cooling modules, power modules and control modules, the operating temperature of the optical cavity and key components can be adaptively detected, fed back and adjusted, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the equipment and the visibility measurement accuracy.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG, an adaptive temperature control system for a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions includes a temperature sensor module, an environmental parameter sensor module, a heating module, a cooling module, a control module, and a power supply module. The temperature sensor module is used to monitor the temperature of key modules and parts inside the forward scattering instrument in real time, including an optical element temperature sensor, a detector temperature sensor, and an ambient temperature sensor. 2The RS485 bus communicates with the control module. The environmental parameter sensor module is used to monitor external environmental parameters in real time, including temperature sensors, humidity sensors, wind speed sensors, and light intensity sensors, and communicates with the control module via the RS485 bus. The heating module is used to heat the interior of the forward scatterer and may include, but is not limited to, resistive heaters and Peltier devices. The cooling module is used to cool the interior of the forward scatterer and may include, but is not limited to, fans, heat sinks, liquid cooling systems, and thermoelectric cooling devices. The control module is respectively connected to the ambient temperature sensor module, the environmental parameter sensor module, the heating module and the cooling module, and is used to receive data from the temperature sensor module and the environmental parameter sensor module, and compare the acquired temperature information of each sensor module with the target temperature information according to a preset control algorithm to realize temperature control information identification of each module; calculate the dew point temperature through the environmental parameter module, establish a three-dimensional temperature field model, identify the hot spot / cold spot area, and compare it with the target control temperature, adaptively make control decisions, dynamically adjust the control parameters, and generate a PWM control signal to drive the cooling module or the heating module to realize precise control of the temperature of each module inside the forward scattering instrument; the power supply module is respectively connected to the ambient temperature sensor module, the environmental parameter sensor module, the heating module, the cooling module and the control module, and is used to provide power for the entire system.

[0017] By real-time detection of the temperature of core components and modules, timely feedback and implementation of gradient temperature control in multiple areas inside the optical cavity, problems such as temperature anomalies and structural thermal stress deformation caused by rapid environmental changes are eliminated, ensuring the operating temperature of each module, and bringing out the optimal performance of each component, thereby guaranteeing the long-term stable operation and measurement accuracy of the forward scattering instrument in complex environments.

[0018] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions includes the following steps: The control module receives data from the temperature sensor module and the environmental parameter sensor module, and compares the temperature information of each sensor module with the target temperature information according to the preset control algorithm to realize the temperature control information identification of each module; The dew point temperature is calculated through the environmental parameter module, a three-dimensional temperature field model is established, hot / cold spot areas are identified and compared with the target control temperature, adaptive control decisions are made, control parameters are dynamically adjusted, and PWM control signals are generated to drive the cooling module or heating module to achieve precise control of the temperature of each module inside the forward scattering instrument.

[0019] Dynamically adjust control parameters, including: setting differentiated target temperatures for different areas, initiating a gradient temperature control strategy when a local temperature difference >5°C is detected; and activating the preheating function in advance based on a control algorithm predicting a temperature drop >5°C within 30 minutes. Based on the LSTM prediction results, the calculated dew point is close to the surface temperature +1°C, triggering the anti-condensation control.

[0020] Through intelligent temperature control logic, adaptive temperature adjustment in complex environments can be further achieved.

[0021] The control algorithm includes: ; Where, is the total control power at time t; is the parameter adaptive PID controller function; is the target temperature; is the actual temperature; is the dew point temperature; To prevent condensation safety margin; LSTM(.) is the output of the temperature trend prediction model; It is a judgment condition. The temperature values ​​that meet this condition are multiplied (condition activation). If it is 0, the model output is skipped, that is, the model does not output, because multiplication by 0 cancels it; if it is 1, the preheating instruction is produced, that is, the model output; Refers to the temperature drop within 30 minutes; Conditional activation is achieved through the exponential function ∏: ; Is the judgment condition, is the target value of differential temperature control, if Then the Laplace operator is brought into the formula, otherwise the Laplace operator is not brought into the formula; is the surface temperature of the equipment; It is the sensor historical data window; is the temperature field Laplace operator; is the gain coefficient of each control item; To limit x to the interval [a, b] and formula, Clip is the clipping function; ; is the thermal compensation term for wind speed, ranging from 0.1 to 1; is the thermal compensation term for illumination, ranging from 0.05 to 0.25; is the setting term for temperature.

[0022] Wind speed and light data are key environmental parameters that directly affect the temperature changes and heat exchange processes on optical surfaces and are crucial for condensation risk assessment and control strategy formulation.

[0023] 1. The role of wind speed (key heat exchange influencing factor) 1. Heat loss rate regulation Principle: Increased wind speed accelerates heat exchange between the optical surface and the air (forced convection) Influence: When heating: Heat dissipates faster → Higher heating power is required to maintain temperature When cooling: surface temperature drops faster → increased risk of condensation Control response: For every 1m / s increase in wind speed, the heating power needs to be increased by 15-25% (the specific value needs to be calibrated experimentally) 2. Dynamic adjustment of safety margin Mechanism of action: High wind speed (>5m / s): Safety margin increased by 0.5℃ (maximum compensation value) Low wind speed (<1m / s): Maintain a basic safety margin of 1.0°C Practical significance: Provides stronger anti-condensation protection in windy weather 3. Impact of heat distribution uniformity High wind speeds can cause: The temperature of the windward side of the optical window is significantly lower than that of the leeward side Local cold spots form → Increased risk of local condensation Control strategy response: trigger zone heating control to provide additional heating power to the windward side 2. The role of light (influence of radiant heat source) Active surface temperature regulation Principle: Direct heating of optical surfaces by solar radiation (radiative heat transfer) The core goal of anti-condensation control is to prevent the optical surface temperature from dropping below the dew point temperature, thereby preventing water vapor condensation from affecting optical performance. The implementation principle is as follows: Dew point temperature Td < optical surface temperature Ts + safety margin ; When the system detects Ts ≤ Td + When the anti-condensation heating control is started immediately, the heating component is controlled to heat and the temperature is raised to the dew point.

[0024] Gradient temperature control strategies include: heating the optical window through a thin film heater or dissipating heat through a TEC; heating the optical path through a resistor wire or dissipating heat through a fan; heating or dissipating heat from the detector through a micro TEC; heating the electronic components through a heater or dissipating heat through a heat sink and a fan.

[0025] It can realize multi-zone gradient temperature control, environmental mutation prediction and early response, dew point temperature calculation and anti-condensation control, and achieve stable temperature control under extreme climate conditions.

[0026] (1) Multi-dimensional perception: By integrating the temperature sensors of each module and the external environmental parameter sensors, high spatial coverage and parameter completeness are achieved, blind spots in temperature control are eliminated, accurate calculation of dew point temperature is achieved, and high-precision temperature control is completed; (2) Intelligent and highly adaptable: Based on multi-dimensional sensor integration and temperature control strategies, it can dynamically adjust heating and cooling strategies according to real-time monitored temperature and environmental parameters, adapt to complex and changing weather conditions, and achieve environmental adaptability, operational stability, and measurement accuracy in complex environments; (3) High-efficiency actuator: bidirectional adjustment of hot and cold working conditions to cope with extreme working conditions and improve the feasibility of application in extreme environments; (4) High reliability: Modular design facilitates maintenance and upgrades, improving system reliability.

[0027] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are intended solely to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not to be construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will readily devise other specific embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, and such embodiments will fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forward scattering instrument adaptive temperature control system under complex weather conditions, characterized in that: include: Temperature sensor module, used to monitor the temperature inside the forward scattering instrument in real time; Environmental parameter sensor module, used to monitor external environmental parameters in real time; A heating module, used to heat the interior of the forward scattering instrument; A cooling module, used for cooling the interior of the forward scattering instrument; A control module is connected to the ambient temperature sensor module, the ambient parameter sensor module, the heating module, and the cooling module, respectively, and is used to receive data from the temperature sensor module and the ambient parameter sensor module, and compare the temperature information obtained from each sensor module with the target temperature information according to a preset control algorithm to realize temperature control information identification of each module; calculate the dew point temperature through the ambient parameter module, establish a three-dimensional temperature field model, identify hot spot / cold spot areas, and compare them with the target control temperature, make adaptive control decisions, dynamically adjust control parameters, and generate PWM control signals to drive the cooling module or the heating module to realize precise control of the temperature of each module inside the forward scattering instrument; as well as The power supply module is respectively connected to the ambient temperature sensor module, the environmental parameter sensor module, the heating module, the cooling module and the control module.

2. The adaptive temperature control system for a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor module includes: an optical element temperature sensor, a detector temperature sensor and an ambient temperature sensor. 2 C bus to communicate with the control module.

3. The adaptive temperature control system for a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental parameter sensor module includes: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a light intensity sensor, all of which communicate with the control module via the RS485 bus.

4. The adaptive temperature control system for a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating module includes one or more of a resistance heater and a Peltier heater.

5. The adaptive temperature control system for a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling module includes one or more of a fan, a heat sink, a liquid cooling system and a thermoelectric cooling device.

6. A method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions, used in the adaptive temperature control system of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The control module receives data from the temperature sensor module and the environmental parameter sensor module, and compares the temperature information of each sensor module with the target temperature information according to a preset control algorithm to realize the temperature control information identification of each module; The dew point temperature is calculated through the environmental parameter module, a three-dimensional temperature field model is established, hot / cold spot areas are identified and compared with the target control temperature, adaptive control decisions are made, control parameters are dynamically adjusted, and PWM control signals are generated to drive the cooling module or heating module to achieve precise control of the temperature of each module inside the forward scattering instrument.

7. The method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic adjustment control parameters include: Different target temperatures are set for different areas. When a local temperature difference >5°C is detected, a gradient temperature control strategy is initiated. The control algorithm predicts a temperature drop of >5°C within 30 minutes and activates the preheating function in advance; Based on the LSTM prediction results, anti-condensation control is activated when the dew point is calculated to be close to the surface temperature +1°C.

8. The method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control algorithm includes: ； Where, is the total control power at time t; is the parameter adaptive PID controller function; is the target temperature; is the actual temperature; is the dew point temperature; To prevent condensation safety margin; LSTM(.) is the output of the temperature trend prediction model; It is a judgment condition. The temperature values ​​that meet this condition are multiplied. If it is 0, the model output is skipped; if it is 1, the preheating instruction is produced. Refers to the temperature drop within 30 minutes; Is the judgment condition, is the target value of differential temperature control, if Then the Laplace operator is brought into the formula, otherwise the Laplace operator is not brought into the formula; is the surface temperature of the equipment; It is the sensor historical data window; is the temperature field Laplace operator; is the gain coefficient of each control item; To limit x to the interval [a, b] and formula, Clip is the clipping function; is the thermal compensation term for wind speed, ranging from 0.1 to 1; is the thermal compensation term for illumination, ranging from 0.05 to 0.25; is the setting term for temperature.

9. The method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-condensation control comprises the following steps: When the system detects Ts≤Td + The anti-condensation heating control is activated.

10. The method for adaptive temperature control of a forward scattering instrument under complex weather conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gradient temperature control strategy includes: The optical window is heated by a thin film heater or dissipated by a TEC; The light path is heated by a resistance wire or cooled by a fan; The detector is heated or cooled by micro TEC; The electronic components are heated by heaters or cooled by heat sinks and fans.

Images