Hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure and working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, which comprises a battery box and a stack, the stack is located in the battery box, and comprises a plurality of single cells arranged side by side; the outer side of the polar plate at the two ends of the stack is an end plate; the outer side of the end plate is a buffer baffle; a plurality of memory metal springs are fixed to the buffer baffle; the memory metal springs are in a wave shape structure and abut against the end plate; the buffer baffle is connected and compressed to the stack through a fixing assembly; the buffer baffle is connected to the inner wall of the battery box through a compensation structure; the compensation structure comprises a spring and a fixed support rod; the fixed support rod is slidably connected to the buffer baffle; when the fixed support rod slides, the spring is stretched or compressed; the stack is provided with a pressure sensor; the memory metal spring is provided with a heater; the pressure sensor detects the compression force in the stack and controls the heater to heat so that the memory metal spring deforms with the change of the compression force. The application also discloses a working mode of the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, and the application can ensure that the compression force is in a reasonable range and reduce external vibration excitation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a fuel cell stack fixing structure and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell stack is a device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The stack is the site of the electrochemical reaction and is the core part of the hydrogen fuel cell power system. It is composed of multiple single cells stacked in series, and the front and rear end plates are pressed tightly and fastened with a screw rod, a pull rod, or a binding belt, which constitutes a hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0003] The compression force is of great importance to the fuel cell stack, and the performance and stability of the stack will be affected. The compression force cannot be too large or too small; it must be within a reasonable range. When the compression force is too small, the sealing structure in the stack cannot provide sufficient sealing, which can cause gas leakage and safety problems. A small compression force can also result in insufficient contact area and contact force between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode, leading to an increase in contact resistance and a decrease in stack performance. If the compression is not tight enough, the friction between the components will also decrease accordingly. When the stack encounters situations such as shaking and impact that generate lateral stress on the stack, the friction between the components is not enough to maintain the structural stability of the stack, and the misalignment between the components can cause the stack to malfunction. A large compression force can cause irreversible deformation of the membrane electrode, changing its properties, and a higher compression force can make the membrane electrode more prone to failure such as cracking and pinhole damage.

[0004] When the fuel cell operates under different complex conditions, the material expands and contracts under the working temperature conditions, resulting in displacement in the axial direction. In particular, when the stack structure expands due to heat, the interaction force between the components will change. If the fixing method cannot effectively adapt to this change, the performance of the stack will decrease, and the expansion of the stack structure will cause irreversible deformation of the entire battery; this irreversible deformation can damage the key components such as the electrode and the electrolyte membrane inside the battery, causing the stack to malfunction or causing safety problems such as hydrogen leakage.

[0005] In addition, under the vibration and slight impact of the outside world, the sealing ring and the polar plate of the stack can be misaligned, and the graphite plate with low strength can also be broken. In particular, in the application of mobile vehicles, the anti-shock and external impact measures of the stack are very important. In general, the non-axial direction misalignment between the fuel cell single cells is mainly constrained by the friction between the single cells, and the size is determined by the compression force and the friction coefficient between the single cells. However, in the use scenario with strong vibration, the friction between the cells alone cannot completely prevent the misalignment of the stack. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above prior art defects, the task of the present application is to provide a hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure to solve the problem of excessive internal compression force caused by heat expansion of the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack in use in the prior art. Another task of the present application is to provide a working method of the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, aiming to stabilize the compression force inside the stack and reduce the influence of external vibration excitation on the stack.

[0007] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, comprising a battery box and a stack, the stack being located in the battery box, the stack comprising a plurality of parallel arranged bipolar plates, the outer side of the bipolar plates at both ends of the stack being end plates, a buffer baffle being provided outside the end plates, a plurality of memory metal springs being fixedly connected to one side of the buffer baffle facing the end plates, the memory metal springs being in a wave-shaped structure rising towards the end plates and abutting against the end plates, the buffer baffles being connected by a fixing assembly to compress the stack between the buffer baffles, the buffer baffles being connected to the inner wall of the battery box through a compensation structure, the compensation structure comprising a positioning bracket, a fixed support rod and a spring, the positioning bracket being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery box, the fixed support rod being fixedly connected to the positioning bracket, the buffer baffles being slidingly connected to the fixed support rod, the spring being sleeved on the fixed support rod, the buffer baffles stretching or compressing the spring when sliding, the stack being provided with a pressure sensor, the memory metal springs being provided with a heater, the pressure sensor detecting the compression force in the stack and controlling the heater to heat so that the memory metal springs deform with the change of the compression force.

[0008] Further, in order to solve the problem of stack misalignment caused by external excitation such as vibration and temperature change of the stack, opposite side edges of the bipolar plates are provided with positioning clamping grooves, opposite side edges of the end plates are provided with first fixing grooves, and the fixing assembly is embedded in the positioning clamping grooves and the first fixing grooves to align the bipolar plates with each other.

[0009] Further, opposite side edges of the buffer baffles are provided with second fixing grooves, and end portions of the fixing assembly are fixedly connected to the buffer baffles through the second fixing grooves.

[0010] Further, adjacent bipolar plates are provided with mutually matching clamping structures to clamp the adjacent bipolar plates.

[0011] Further, the clamping structure comprises limiting protrusions and limiting grooves respectively arranged on two sides of the bipolar plates, and when the bipolar plates are arranged side by side, the limiting protrusions of adjacent bipolar plates are clamped into the corresponding limiting grooves.

[0012] Further, a through hole is arranged at the position of the four corners of the buffer baffle, and the fixed support rod is arranged in the through hole, and the parallel arrangement direction of the bipolar plates in the fixed support rod stack is parallel.

[0013] Further, the positioning support is a character-shaped structure, and the two ends of the fixed support rod are fixedly connected with the positioning support.

[0014] Further, the memory metal elastic sheets are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the pressure is uniformly dispersed by the plurality of parallel memory metal elastic sheets.

[0015] Further, the pressure sensor is arranged between the bipolar plates and the end plates at the two ends of the stack, the heater is a flexible heating film, and the flexible heating film is attached to the surface of the memory metal elastic sheet. The internal pressure of the stack can be accurately measured.

[0016] A working method of a hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, based on the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, when the stack is working, the pressure in the stack is detected by the pressure sensor, the controller determines the axial expansion displacement amount of the stack according to the relationship between the pressure and the axial expansion displacement, and then determines the deformation amount according to the temperature and deformation relationship of the memory metal elastic sheet, and then obtains the required temperature of the memory metal elastic sheet, and finally controls the heater to heat the memory metal elastic sheet to the required temperature.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure has the following advantages:

[0018] The memory metal elastic sheet automatically adjusts the elastic force with the change of temperature, adapts to the thermal expansion and contraction of the stack and provides corresponding elastic force, so that the appropriate pressure is obtained between the end plates of the stack, irreversible deformation of the stack is avoided, key components such as bipolar plates and membrane electrodes are protected, and the power generation efficiency and safety are improved. The buffer baffle is arranged in the battery box through the compensation mechanism, the influence of external impact on the stack is reduced, and the safety is further ensured.

[0019] The limiting block and the limiting groove ensure the alignment of the bipolar plate stack, and the fixed assembly and the side edge of the bipolar plate are matched to limit the bipolar plate, and the memory metal elastic sheet works together, when the temperature of the stack changes, through the axial and lateral limiting of the stack, the compensation mechanism can further reduce the dislocation of the stack structure caused by external impact, ensure the stability of the stack structure, adapt to complex working conditions, prolong the service life of the stack, and reduce the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a whole schematic view of the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 2The structure diagram of cooperation between the stack and the buffer baffle in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 The explosion structure diagram of the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the buffer baffle in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the bipolar plate (one side of the limiting groove) in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the bipolar plate (one side of the limiting convex block) in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the end plate in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the compensation structure in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 9 The structure diagram of the fixing assembly in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 10 The curve diagram of the deformation amount of the pressing force and the memory metal spring piece changing with temperature in the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but is not limited to the embodiments.

[0031] Please combine Figures 1 to 4 The present embodiment relates to a hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, comprising a battery box 1, the upper and lower ends of the battery box 1 are both provided with mounting plates 2, the upper and lower ends of the battery box 1 are both provided with placing grooves for placing the mounting plates 2, and the mounting plates 2 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the battery box 1. The inside of the battery box 1 is placed with a stack, the stack comprises a plurality of bipolar plates 3 placed side by side, the two sides of the bipolar plates 3 are both provided with membrane electrodes 4, and the outermost two bipolar plates 3 are both provided with end plates 5. The inside of the battery box 1 is provided with a compensation structure for buffering and supporting the end plates 5.

[0032] Please combine Figure 8As shown, the compensation structure includes several positioning supports 6 fixedly installed on the two side end walls of the battery box 1, located near the corners of the end walls. The positioning supports 6 are fixedly connected with fixed support rods 7, and the four corners of the buffer baffle 8 are movably connected with the fixed support rods 7. The side of the buffer baffle 8 facing the end plate 5 of the stack is fixedly connected with several memory metal springs 9 in parallel, the memory metal springs 9 are in a wave shape structure rising towards the end plate 5, and one side of the memory metal springs 9 abuts against the outer surface of the end plate 5. The spring 10 is sleeved between the positioning support 6 and the buffer baffle 8 on the fixed support rod 7, and the spring 10 is located on the side of the buffer baffle 8 facing the end wall of the battery box 1.

[0033] Specifically, the positioning support 6 adopts a H-shaped metal plate structure, including a horizontal edge 6a and two longitudinal edges 6b. The horizontal edge 6a is fixed on the inner wall of the battery box 1 by bolts and is attached to the inner wall of the battery box, and the longitudinal edges 6b face the inside of the battery box. The fixed support rod 7 is fixed between the longitudinal edges 6b by bolts. The fixed support rod 7 is a cylindrical metal rod, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal edges 6b of the positioning support 6 and parallel to the parallel arrangement direction of the bipolar plates 3 and the membrane electrodes 4 in the stack.

[0034] The buffer baffle 8 is a rectangular metal plate, and through holes 21 are formed through the four corners of the buffer baffle 8. The outer diameter of the fixed support rod 7 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 21, and the fixed support rod 7 is arranged in the through hole 21. The buffer baffle 8 is suspended in the battery box 1 by the positioning support 6 and can slide axially along the fixed support rod 7. One side of the buffer baffle 8 faces the stack, and the other side faces the end wall of the battery box 1.

[0035] The side of the buffer baffle 8 facing the end plate 5 is provided with several strip-shaped memory metal springs 9 made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the number of the memory metal springs 9 is 3-5 (uniformly distributed along the length direction of the buffer baffle 8). The memory metal springs 9 are in a wave shape structure rising towards the end plate 5, and the deformation characteristics of the wave shape structure are used to absorb the pressure transmitted by the end plate 5, and the spring force is automatically adjusted with the change of temperature. The spring 10 on the fixed support rod 7 is located on the side of the buffer baffle 8 facing the end wall of the battery box 1. The spacing between the two buffer baffles 8 located at the two ends of the stack is fixed by a fixed assembly, which is a metal rod connected with the buffer baffles in this embodiment.

[0036] In order to control the deformation of the memory metal spring 9 to adapt to the expansion of the stack at different temperatures, and provide appropriate axial (the parallel arrangement direction of the bipolar plate 3 and the membrane electrode 4 in the stack) compression force. A micro pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed between the bipolar plate 3 and the end plate 5 at both ends of the stack, and the micro pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller integrated on the outer wall of the battery box 1 through wires; At the same time, a flexible heating film (not shown in the figure) is pasted on the surface of each memory metal spring 9, and the flexible heating film is also connected to the output end of the controller through wires, forming a "pressure detection-signal processing-heating regulation" closed-loop control system.

[0037] When assembling the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure, the bipolar plate 3, the membrane electrode 4 are stacked in turn and the end plate 5 is installed to form the stack, and a buffer baffle 8 is placed on the outside of the end plate 5, so that the memory metal spring 9 on the buffer baffle 8 abuts against the end plate 5, and the side edges of the buffer baffle 8 are connected by the fixing assembly to fix the distance between the two buffer baffles 8, and provide appropriate compression force for the stack.

[0038] The fixed support rod 7 penetrates the through hole 21 of the buffer baffle 8 and sleeves the spring 10, and then the two ends of the fixed support rod 7 are fixedly connected with the positioning bracket 6. Finally, the positioning bracket 6 is fixed on the inner wall of the battery box 1 near the four corners, and the mounting plate 2 is fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the battery box 1, and the entire battery box 1 is closed.

[0039] When the stack is working, if expansion occurs due to temperature rise, the end plate 5 will apply pressure to the buffer baffle 8, the pressure sensor detects the pressure value in real time, and converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the controller; The controller has a pre-marked MAP curve diagram (the curve diagram is obtained through preliminary experiments, that is, by applying a known pressure to the stack at different temperatures, recording the corresponding axial expansion displacement, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between pressure and displacement), After receiving the pressure signal, the controller queries the MAP diagram to calculate the axial expansion displacement of the stack corresponding to the current pressure.

[0040] According to the material properties of the memory metal spring 9 (the relationship between the temperature and the deformation of the nickel-titanium alloy), the controller has a second MAP diagram, that is, the deformation amount of the memory metal spring required to compensate the displacement ΔL (the axial expansion displacement of the stack due to temperature change) corresponds to the temperature value to be reached; The controller automatically matches the target temperature T according to the calculated ΔL; The controller outputs a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the heating film, and controls the heating power by adjusting the current size.

[0041] The memory metal spring 9 is preset to deform (wavy structure shrinks) at a target temperature, changing the distance between the buffer baffle 8 and the end plate 5, and at the same time, the memory metal spring 9 also deforms elastically under pressure, and the two together offset the expansion stress; if the stack temperature decreases and shrinks (the pressure sensor detects a decrease in pressure), the controller reduces the heating power, the memory metal spring temperature decreases and returns to its original state, and the stable pressure on the end plate 5 is always maintained.

[0042] Results attached Figure 10 As shown: the gray shaded area represents the normal working compression force range of the stack, the red curve represents the stack compression force changing with temperature when the memory metal spring 9 is not set, it can be seen that the compression force will exceed the normal working compression force range as the stack working temperature changes. The blue curve represents the deformation amount of the memory metal spring 9 in this embodiment, and the green curve represents the compression force of the stack in this embodiment, which is completely controlled within a reasonable range. In the low temperature area, the memory metal spring 9 is stretched to compensate for the shrinkage of the stack to avoid too low compression force, and in the high temperature area, the memory metal spring 9 is compressed to offset the expansion of the stack to prevent the compression force from being too high.

[0043] Example 2, please further combine Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the present embodiment further comprises an anti-misplacement mechanism and a clamping structure based on example 1.

[0044] The anti-misplacement mechanism comprises an outer protruding plate 11 symmetrically fixed to the front and rear sides of the bipolar plate 3, and a positioning clamping groove 12 is formed in the middle of one end of the outer protruding plate 11. The positioning clamping grooves 12 on different bipolar plates 3 correspond to each other, so that after the bipolar plate 3 and the membrane electrode 4 are combined, each positioning clamping groove 12 forms a continuous channel.

[0045] Please combine Figure 7 As shown, the first fixing groove 15 is symmetrically formed in the front and rear edges of the end plate 5, and the second fixing groove 16 is formed in the corresponding position of the first fixing groove 15 on one side of the buffer baffle 8. When the end plate 5 and the buffer baffle 8 are arranged at both ends of the stack, the positions of the first fixing groove 15 and the second fixing groove 16 correspond to the positions of the positioning clamping groove 12.

[0046] Please combine Figure 9 As shown, the fixing assembly comprises a limiting insertion rod 17, and the limiting insertion rod 17 has a fixed screw rod 18 at both ends, and the fixed screw rod 18 is symmetrically welded at both ends of the limiting insertion rod 17. During installation, the limiting insertion rod 17 is clamped into the positioning clamping groove 12, the first fixing groove 15 and the second fixing groove 16. A gasket 19 is sleeved on the fixed screw rod 18, and the gasket 19 is located on the outside of the buffer baffle 8 (on the side facing the end wall of the battery box 1), and a fastening nut 20 is threadedly connected with the fixed screw rod 18.

[0047] In the process of stacking the bipolar plates 3, it is necessary to ensure that the outer protruding plates 11 at the front and rear ends of each bipolar plate 3 are aligned, so that the positioning clamping grooves 12 on each outer protruding plate 11 form a continuous channel. After the stacking of the bipolar plates 3 is completed, the staff inserts the limiting insertion rod 17 into the channel, and extends the two side edges of the limiting insertion rod 17 into the first fixed groove 15 of the end plate 5 and the second fixed groove 16 of the buffer baffle 8, respectively, to realize the preliminary positioning of the bipolar plates 3, the end plates 5 and the buffer baffles 8. Then, the gasket 19 is sleeved on the fixed screw 18 on both sides of the limiting insertion rod 17, one side of the gasket 19 abuts against the outside of the buffer baffle 8, and the fastening nut 20 is tightened. Through the extrusion of the gasket 19 by the fastening nut 20, the plurality of stacked bipolar plates 3 are firmly fixed between the two buffer baffles 8. The cooperation of the limiting insertion rod 17 and the positioning clamping groove 12 effectively prevents the front and rear dislocation of the bipolar plates 3 during the operation of the stack, and ensures the stability of the stack structure.

[0048] The clamping structure of the embodiment is provided on the bipolar plate 3. Specifically, the clamping structure includes a limiting protruding block 13 and a limiting recess 14, which are respectively located on two sides of the bipolar plate 3, and the adjacent bipolar plates 3 are positionally corresponding through the cooperation of the corresponding limiting protruding block 13 and limiting recess 14. The limiting protruding block 13 is integrally formed at the first side of the bipolar plate 3 near the four corners, and the limiting recess 14 is provided at the symmetrical position of the second side of the bipolar plate 3 and the limiting protruding block 13. After the bipolar plate 3 and the membrane electrode 4 are alternately combined, the limiting protruding block 13 on one side of the bipolar plate 3 is located in the limiting recess 14 on one side of the adjacent bipolar plate 3, and the limiting protruding block 13 and the limiting recess 14 are clamped with each other.

[0049] In actual application, the limiting protruding block 13 adopts a trapezoidal table structure, the cross section is isosceles trapezoidal, the upper base width is 2-4mm, the lower base width is 4-6mm, the height is 3-5mm, the inclined edge inclination angle is 60°-80°, and the top round angle is 0.5-1mm. The limiting protruding block 13 is integrally formed with the bipolar plate, and the limiting recess 14 is a matching trapezoidal groove. The upper opening width of the limiting recess 14 is increased by 0.2-0.4mm than the lower base width of the limiting protruding block 13, the groove bottom width is increased by 0.2-0.4mm than the upper base width of the limiting protruding block 13, the groove depth is increased by 0.1-0.2mm than the height of the limiting protruding block 13, and the groove wall inclination angle is matched with the limiting protruding block 13.

[0050] When the bipolar plates 3 are stacked, the limiting protruding block 13 on one side of one bipolar plate 3 needs to be aligned with the limiting recess 14 on the other side of the adjacent bipolar plate 3, and the limiting protruding block 13 needs to be clamped into the limiting recess 14. This clamping structure can ensure the accurate alignment of the adjacent bipolar plates 3 in the horizontal direction, avoid lateral deviation, and thus ensure the good contact between the bipolar plates 3 and between the bipolar plates 3 and the membrane electrode 4, reduce the contact resistance, be conducive to the smooth transmission of electrons and ions, and improve the power generation efficiency of the stack. At the same time, the clamping structure also provides a guiding effect for the stacking of the bipolar plates 3, making the assembly process more convenient and efficient.

[0051] The whole assembling process of the hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure of the embodiment includes installing the membrane electrode 4 to both sides of the bipolar plate 3, using the limiting protrusions 13 on the bipolar plate 3 to engage with the limiting grooves 14 of the adjacent bipolar plate 3, stacking the bipolar plate 3 and the membrane electrode 4 in sequence, aligning the outer protruding plates 11 at the front and rear ends of the bipolar plate 3, and forming a continuous positioning clamping groove 12; then, inserting the limiting insertion rod 17 into the positioning clamping groove 12, and embedding the both ends of the limiting insertion rod 17 into the second fixing groove 16 of the buffer baffle 8 and the first fixing groove 15 of the end plate 5, tightening the fastening nut 20 after sleeving the gasket 19, locking the bipolar plate 3, the buffer baffle 8 and the end plate 5, and preventing the bipolar plate 3 from being stacked out of position. Then, sleeving the buffer baffle 8 on the fixing support rod 7 through the through hole 21, making the memory metal spring 9 abut against the end plate 5, sleeving the spring 10 on the fixing support rod 7, fixing the fixing support rod 7 on the positioning support 6, and then assembling into the battery box 1, finally, installing the mounting plate 2 into the placing groove at the upper and lower ends of the battery box 1, and completing the overall fixing of the stack in the battery box 1.

[0052] When the stack works, the working process of the memory metal spring 9 is the same as that of the embodiment 1, while when the temperature of the stack rises, the limiting insertion rod 17 is always located in the positioning clamping groove 12 to limit the position of the bipolar plate 3, and the engagement of the limiting protrusions 13 and the limiting grooves 14 also avoids the misalignment between the adjacent bipolar plates 3, so that the anti-misalignment mechanism and the clamping structure continuously guarantee the alignment state of the bipolar plate 3, and cooperate with the working of the memory metal spring 9 to maintain the efficient power generation of the stack.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixing structure comprising a cell case and a stack, the stack being located in the cell case, characterized by, The electric pile comprises a plurality of parallel arranged bipolar plates, the outer side of the bipolar plates at both ends of the electric pile is an end plate, the outer side of the end plate is provided with a buffer baffle, a plurality of memory metal springs are fixedly connected to one side of the buffer baffle facing the end plate, the memory metal springs are in a wave-shaped structure rising towards the end plate and abut against the end plate, the buffer baffles are connected by a fixed assembly to press the electric pile between the buffer baffles, the buffer baffles are connected with the inner wall of the battery box through a compensation structure, the compensation structure comprises a positioning support, a fixed support rod and a spring, the positioning support is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the battery box, the fixed support rod is fixedly connected with the positioning support, the buffer baffles are slidingly connected on the fixed support rod, the spring is sleeved on the fixed support rod, the buffer baffles stretch or compress the spring when sliding, the electric pile is provided with a pressure sensor, the memory metal springs are provided with a heater, the pressure sensor detects the pressing force in the electric pile and controls the heater to heat so that the memory metal springs deform with the change of the pressing force, the pressure sensor is arranged between the bipolar plates and the end plates at both ends of the electric pile, the heater is a flexible heating film, the flexible heating film is attached to the surface of the memory metal springs, the opposite side edges of the bipolar plates are provided with positioning clamping grooves, the opposite side edges of the end plates are provided with first fixing grooves, the fixed assembly is embedded in the positioning clamping grooves and the first fixing grooves to align the bipolar plates with each other, the opposite side edges of the buffer baffles are provided with second fixing grooves, the end portions of the fixed assembly are fixedly connected with the buffer baffles through the second fixing grooves, the adjacent bipolar plates are provided with matching clamping structures to clamp the adjacent bipolar plates.

2. The hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixation structure according to claim 1, characterized by The clamping structure comprises limiting protrusions and limiting grooves arranged on the two surfaces of the bipolar plates respectively, when the bipolar plates are arranged in parallel, the limiting protrusions of the adjacent bipolar plates are clamped into the corresponding limiting grooves.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell stack fixation structure according to claim 1, characterized by, The buffer baffles are provided with through holes at the positions of the four corners, the fixed support rods are arranged in the through holes, and the fixed support rods are parallel to the parallel arrangement direction of the bipolar plates in the electric pile.

4. The hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixation structure according to claim 3, characterized by The positioning support is in a H-shaped structure, and the two ends of the fixed support rod are fixedly connected with the positioning support.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell stack fixation structure according to claim 1, characterized by The memory metal springs are arranged in parallel and at intervals.

6. A method of operating a hydrogen energy fuel cell stack fixation structure, characterized by, The hydrogen energy fuel cell electric pile fixing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, when the electric pile is working, the pressing force in the electric pile is detected by the pressure sensor, the controller determines the axial expansion displacement amount of the electric pile according to the relationship between the pressing force and the axial expansion displacement, then determines the deformation amount from the axial expansion displacement amount of the electric pile according to the temperature and deformation relationship of the memory metal springs to obtain the required temperature of the memory metal springs, and finally controls the heater to heat so that the memory metal springs reach the required temperature.

Images