Negative oxygen ion far infrared carbon-based material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a negative oxygen ion far infrared carbon-based material capable of effectively attaching negative oxygen ions, far infrared and terahertz functions on the carbon-based material and a preparation method of the negative oxygen ion far infrared carbon-based material. The negative oxygen ion reinforcing agent, the far infrared radiation agent and the terahertz functional agent are loaded on the carbon-based base material, so that the carbon-based material is endowed with negative oxygen ion, far infrared and terahertz functions. The negative oxygen ion enhancer can release negative oxygen ions, so that the effects of purifying air and improving the environment are achieved; the far infrared radiation agent can emit far infrared rays and has the effects of keeping warm, promoting blood circulation and the like; the terahertz functional agent can interact with terahertz waves, and has potential application value in the fields of human biology and the like. Meanwhile, by pretreating the carbon-based base material, the surface activity and the adsorption capacity of the carbon-based base material are improved, and loading of a functional agent is facilitated; ultrasonic dispersion and heating stirring treatment ensure that the functional agent is uniformly loaded on the carbon-based substrate, so that the loading efficiency of the functional agent and the performance stability of the material are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon-based material function enhancement, specifically a carbon-based material that can achieve an increase in the amount of negative oxygen ion release and far-infrared radiation and impart a terahertz response function, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Carbon-based materials have rich pore structures, large specific surface areas, and good adsorption properties, and have been widely used in many fields. However, traditional carbon-based materials have relatively simple functions and are mainly used for adsorption and filtration, which cannot meet people's demand for multifunctional materials. With the advancement of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, higher requirements are placed on the functionality of materials. For example, it is hoped that carbon-based materials will have functions such as negative oxygen ions, far infrared, and terahertz, so that they can be applied to more fields such as air purification, health care, and medical treatment. At present, although there are some studies on imparting negative oxygen ion and far infrared functions to carbon-based materials, the technology for imparting negative oxygen ion, far infrared, and terahertz functions to carbon-based materials at the same time is not mature enough, and there are problems such as insignificant functional effects, complex preparation processes, and high costs. Therefore, the development of a method that can effectively attach negative oxygen ion, far infrared, and terahertz functions to carbon-based materials, and the research on the preparation process are also of great practical significance.

[0003] Analysis of existing technology defects

[0004] Natural functional limitations: Natural carbon-based materials such as charcoal and bamboo charcoal can only release 100-800 particles / cm in an environment with humidity > 40%. 3 Negative oxygen ions (test standard: JG / T 3074-1999), 8-14μm far-infrared radiation rate is generally less than 70% (tested according to GB / T 35263-2017), and there is no significant response in the terahertz frequency band (0.1-10THz), which cannot meet the needs of high-end applications.

[0005] Chinese patent CN108753212A uses a simple mixing method to add negative ion powder, and the release of negative oxygen ions is only increased to 1500 / cm 3 , and the attenuation rate is >40% after 3 months

[0006] US Patent No. 9879561B2 uses a sintering method to produce far-infrared carbon-based materials, but the increase in emissivity relies on high-temperature treatment (>800°C), which destroys the carbon-based pore structure and reduces adsorption performance by more than 30%. Furthermore, bamboo charcoal itself has weak antibacterial properties (primarily physical adsorption, with no active sterilization ability). Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material capable of effectively attaching negative oxygen ion, far infrared and terahertz functions to the carbon-based material and a preparation method thereof.

[0008] The present invention provides a negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material, which is characterized by comprising a carbon-based substrate and a negative oxygen ion enhancer, a far-infrared radiation agent and a terahertz functional agent supported on the carbon-based substrate;

[0009] The carbon-based substrate is one or more combinations of charcoal, bamboo charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, fruit shell charcoal, straw charcoal, and rice straw charcoal, and its particle size is 5-50 μm.

[0010] The far-infrared radiant is one or more combinations of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, and graphene, with a particle size of 1-20 μm. The amount of the far-infrared radiant accounts for 2%-15% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate. The terahertz functional agent is one or more combinations of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10-50 nm. The amount of the terahertz functional agent accounts for 0.5%-8% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. Pretreatment of the carbon-based substrate: The carbon-based substrate is crushed and sieved to obtain a carbon-based powder with a particle size of 5-50 μm; the carbon-based powder is then dried at 50-100°C for 1-3 hours; the dried carbon-based powder is then placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 300-500°C for 0.5-2 hours to obtain a pretreated carbon-based substrate;

[0013] S2. Preparation of a functional agent mixture: The negative oxygen ion enhancer is added to deionized water in the amount ratio according to claims 2-4, and stirred to obtain a functional agent mixture, wherein the functional agent mixture solids concentration is 5% -20%;

[0014] S3. Loading treatment: The pretreated carbon-based substrate is added to the functional agent mixture and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion for 10-30 minutes; the mixture is then heated to 40-80°C under stirring, maintained at this temperature, and stirred for 1-3 hours;

[0015] S4. Drying: Filter the loaded carbon-based material to remove excess liquid, and then dry it at 60-120°C for 2-6 hours to obtain dry negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon and Hertzian wave-based materials.

[0016] The present invention imparts negative oxygen ion, far infrared and terahertz functions to carbon-based materials by loading negative oxygen ion enhancers, far infrared radiation agents and terahertz wave resonance energization on carbon-based substrates. The carbon-based dosage is increased from the original maximum of 30% to 60-95%. Negative oxygen ion enhancers can release safe small-pore negative oxygen ions, which play a role in purifying the air and improving the environment; far infrared radiation agents can emit far infrared rays, which have the effects of keeping warm and promoting blood circulation; terahertz functional agents can interact with terahertz waves and have potential application value in fields such as human biology. At the same time, the present invention improves the surface activity and adsorption capacity of the carbon-based substrate by pre-treating it, which is beneficial to the loading of functional agents; ultrasonic dispersion and heating and stirring treatments ensure that the functional agents are evenly loaded on the carbon-based substrate, thereby improving the loading efficiency of the functional agents and the performance stability of the material. In addition, the dosage ratio of each functional agent is reasonably optimized, so that the prepared carbon-based material has significant multifunctional effects, low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production and application. Terahertz waves excite functional groups on the surface of carbon powder (such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups), increasing the specific surface area to 600-800 m2 / g or even higher, boosting adsorption rates by 30%-50%, increasing saturated adsorption capacity by over 20%, and enhancing interactions with microbial cell membranes, resulting in an antibacterial rate exceeding 98% (for example, against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus). Applied to products such as sponge soft materials, the water absorption rate reaches approximately 64%, and the rebound rate reaches around 20%.

[0017] In addition, the flexural strength of sheet metal is increased to 30-40 MPa (THz waves optimize carbon powder dispersion and interfacial bonding). Wear resistance is increased by 20%-30%. Terahertz wave treatment reduces carbon powder agglomeration, enhances bonding density with the substrate, increases the sheet's nail holding rate by over 30%, and boosts Shore hardness by over 40%.

[0018] Technical advantages:

[0019] A carbon-based substrate and a functional agent composition loaded thereon, wherein the material releases ≥3000 negative oxygen ions / cm at 25°C and 50% humidity. 3 (24h decay rate ≤ 10%),

[0020] The far-infrared radiation rate of 8-14μm is ≥85%, and the absorption rate in the 0.5-3THz band is ≥40% and presents a characteristic resonance absorption peak.

[0021] With a far-infrared radiation rate of ≥93%, terahertz waves have numerous effects on the human body. 1. Penetrating biological effects. Far-infrared terahertz waves can penetrate 3-5 cm of human skin, directly affecting deep tissues, replenishing cellular energy, regulating physiological functions, and accelerating cell formation and decomposition. 2. Resonant cellular biological effects. A human body temperature of 36.5°C is equivalent to 9.36 micron terahertz. When these wavelengths act on the human body, they resonate with the cells at the same frequency, stimulating the movement of water molecules in the body, increasing blood oxygenation and fluidity, promoting cellular activity, accelerating metabolism, and improving overall health. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] A negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material, comprising a carbon-based substrate and a negative oxygen ion enhancer, a far-infrared radiation agent and a terahertz functional agent supported on the carbon-based substrate;

[0023] The carbon-based substrate is one or more combinations of charcoal, bamboo charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, and fruit shell charcoal, and has a particle size of 5-50 μm. The negative oxygen ion enhancer is one or more combinations of tourmaline, negative ion powder, and rare earth activating material, and has a particle size of 1-10 μm and a surface zeta potential greater than +30 mV. The amount of the negative oxygen ion generator accounts for 1%-10% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

[0024] The far-infrared radiant is one or more combinations of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, and graphene, with a particle size of 1-20 μm. The amount of the far-infrared radiant accounts for 2%-15% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate. The terahertz functional agent is one or more combinations of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10-50 nm. The amount of the terahertz functional agent accounts for 0.5%-8% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

[0025] The preparation method of negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Pretreatment of the carbon-based substrate: The carbon-based substrate is crushed and sieved to obtain a carbon-based powder with a particle size of 5-50 μm; the carbon-based powder is then dried at 50-100°C for 1-3 hours; the dried carbon-based powder is then placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 300-500°C for 0.5-2 hours to obtain a pretreated carbon-based substrate; the carbon-based substrate obtained in step S1 is an activated substrate having a surface defect concentration increased by 15%-20%;

[0027] S2. Prepare a functional agent mixture: add a negative oxygen ion enhancer, a far-infrared radiation agent and a terahertz functional agent to deionized water in the dosage ratio described in claims 2-4, stir evenly, and obtain a functional agent mixture, wherein the mass concentration of the solid matter in the functional agent mixture is 5%-20%; step S2 adopts a three-stage dispersion process of "mechanical stirring → ultrasonic crushing → shear homogenization" to disperse the functional agent in deionized water to form a stable dispersion with a solid concentration of 5-20%, wherein the content of aggregates >500nm is ≤5%; the ultrasonic treatment parameters in step S2 are 40-60kHz, 200-500W, and the shear homogenization rate is 10000-15000rpm to ensure that the dispersion uniformity of the terahertz functional agent is ≥95%.

[0028] S3. Loading treatment: add the pretreated carbon-based substrate to the functional agent mixture and use ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 10-30 minutes; then, under stirring conditions, heat the mixture to 40-80°C, maintain the temperature and stir for 1-3 hours; step S3 gradient loading: at 40-80°C, stir the activated substrate and dispersion at a rate of 100-300rpm for 1-3h, during which the heating rate is controlled at 5-10°C / min, so that the functional agent is loaded on the surface and pores of the substrate through hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding (CO-Si bond); in step S3, by adjusting the difference between the calcination temperature and the loading temperature (ΔT=20-50°C), the graded loading of the functional agent in the carbon-based micropores (<2nm) and mesopores (2-50nm) is achieved, of which the mesopore loading accounts for 60%-80%.

[0029] Step S4. Drying: The loaded carbon-based material is filtered to remove excess liquid, then dried at 60-120°C for 2-6 hours to obtain a dry negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material. Step S4: Curing and Drying: Dry at 60-80°C for 2-4 hours to remove free water, then heat to 100-120°C and dry for 1-2 hours to promote interfacial bonding, ultimately producing the target material with a moisture content of ≤2%.

[0030] Key technological breakthroughs in preparation technology

[0031] Gradient activation pretreatment process: By controlling the calcination temperature (300-500℃), the type of carbon-based surface defects can be precisely adjusted:

[0032] 300-400℃: Mainly generates edge carbon atom defects, increasing -OH groups (XPS detection shows a 25% increase in content)

[0033] 400-500℃: More graphitized edges are formed, generating -COOH groups (increased by 15%), providing chemical anchoring points for functional agents

[0034] Temperature field gradient loading technology: Using segmented temperature increase loading (40℃→60℃→80℃), concentration gradient diffusion is formed in the carbon-based pores:

[0035] Low temperature section (40-60℃): functional agent is physically adsorbed at the pore entrance

[0036] Medium temperature section (60-70℃): diffuses deep into the pores and forms hydrogen bonds

[0037] High temperature section (70-80℃): The surface functional groups undergo dehydration condensation reaction with the functional agent to form CO-Si covalent bonds.

[0038] Quantitative definition of technical solutions

[0039] Material composition (mass percentage)

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Preparation process parameter range

[0043]

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material, comprising a carbon-based substrate of charcoal with a particle size of 10 μm; a negative oxygen ion generator of tourmaline with a particle size of 2 μm, the amount of which accounts for 3% of the mass of the charcoal; a far-infrared radiator of aluminum oxide with a particle size of 5 μm, the amount of which accounts for 5% of the mass of the charcoal; and a terahertz functional agent of carbon nanotubes with a particle size of 10 nm, the amount of which accounts for 2% of the mass of the charcoal.

[0046] The preparation method is as follows:

[0047] S1. Pretreatment of the carbon-based substrate: The charcoal was crushed and sieved to obtain a charcoal powder with a particle size of 10 μm. The charcoal powder was dried at 60°C for 2 hours and then placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 400°C for 1 hour to obtain the pretreated charcoal substrate.

[0048] S2. Preparation of a functional agent mixture: Add tourmaline, alumina and carbon nanotubes in the above amounts to deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a functional agent mixture with a solid mass concentration of 10%.

[0049] S3. Loading treatment: The pretreated charcoal substrate was added to the functional agent mixture, ultrasonically dispersed for 20 minutes, and then heated to 50°C under stirring conditions, maintained at this temperature and stirred for 2 hours.

[0050] S4. Drying: After filtering, dry at 80°C for 4 hours to obtain a negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material comprises a carbon-based substrate comprising a combination of bamboo charcoal and coconut shell charcoal (mass ratio 1:1) with a particle size of 20 μm; a negative oxygen ion generator comprising a combination of negative ion powder and rare earth activation material (mass ratio 1:1) with a particle size of 5 μm, accounting for 6% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate; a far-infrared radiator comprising a combination of zirconium oxide and silicon carbide (mass ratio 1:1) with a particle size of 10 μm, accounting for 10% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate; and a terahertz functional agent comprising a combination of graphene and metal nanoparticles (mass ratio 1:1) with a particle size of 20 nm, accounting for 5% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

[0053] The preparation method is as follows:

[0054] S1. Carbon-based substrate pretreatment: Bamboo charcoal and coconut shell charcoal were crushed and sieved to obtain a carbon-based powder with a particle size of 20 μm. The powder was dried at 80°C for 2.5 hours and then calcined in a muffle furnace at 450°C for 1.5 hours.

[0055] S2. Prepare a functional agent mixture: add a negative oxygen ion generator, a far-infrared radiation agent, and a terahertz functional agent to deionized water according to the amount used, stir evenly, and obtain a mixture with a solid mass concentration of 15%.

[0056] S3. Loading treatment: ultrasonic dispersion for 25 minutes, heating to 60°C and stirring for 2.5 hours.

[0057] S4. Drying: After filtration, dry at 100°C for 5 hours.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] Compared with Example 1, without adding the terahertz functional agent and with other conditions being the same, the prepared carbon-based material only has negative oxygen ion and far infrared functions, but lacks terahertz function.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] Compared with Example 1, the amount of negative oxygen ion generator used was 0, and other conditions were the same. The prepared carbon-based material did not have negative oxygen ion function, but only had far infrared and terahertz functions.

[0062] The performance test results of the materials of Example 1 and Comparative Example show that

[0063] The material of Example 2 can effectively release negative oxygen ions, emit far infrared rays, and has good response characteristics to terahertz waves. However, the materials of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 do not have or partially have these functions due to the lack of corresponding functional agents, indicating that the materials of the present invention have significant multifunctional effects.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] The carbon-based substrate is one or more combinations of charcoal, bamboo charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, and fruit shell charcoal, and has a particle size of 5-50 μm. The negative oxygen ion enhancer is one or more combinations of tourmaline, negative ion powder, and rare earth activating material, and has a particle size of 1-10 μm and a surface zeta potential greater than +30 mV. The amount of the negative oxygen ion generator accounts for 1%-10% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

[0066] The far-infrared radiant is one or more combinations of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, and graphene, with a particle size of 1-20 μm. The amount of the far-infrared radiant accounts for 2%-15% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate. The terahertz functional agent is one or more combinations of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10-50 nm. The amount of the terahertz functional agent accounts for 0.5%-8% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

[0067] The preparation method of negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1. Pretreatment of the carbon-based substrate: The bamboo charcoal of the carbon-based substrate was crushed and sieved to obtain a carbon-based powder with a particle size of 30 μm; the carbon-based powder was then dried at 60°C for 2 hours; the dried carbon-based powder was then placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 400°C for 1 hour to obtain a pretreated carbon-based substrate; the carbon-based substrate obtained in step S1 was an activated substrate with an 18% increase in surface defect concentration;

[0069] S2. Prepare a functional agent mixture: add a negative oxygen ion enhancer, a far-infrared radiation agent and a terahertz functional agent to deionized water in the dosage ratio described in claims 2-4, stir evenly, and obtain a functional agent mixture, wherein the mass concentration of the solid matter in the functional agent mixture is 15%; step S2 adopts a three-stage dispersion process of "mechanical stirring → ultrasonic crushing → shear homogenization" to disperse the functional agent in deionized water to form a stable dispersion with a solid concentration of 16%, wherein the content of aggregates >500nm is ≤5%; the ultrasonic treatment parameters in step S2 are 50kHz, 300W, and the shear homogenization rate is 12000rpm to ensure that the dispersion uniformity of the terahertz functional agent is ≥95%.

[0070] S3. Loading treatment: add the pretreated carbon-based substrate to the functional agent mixture and use ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 20 minutes; then, heat the mixture to 60°C under stirring conditions, maintain the temperature and stir for 2 hours; step S3 gradient loading: at 60°C, stir the activated substrate and dispersion at a rate of 200 rpm for 2 hours, during which the heating rate is controlled at 6°C / min, so that the functional agent is loaded on the surface and pores of the substrate through hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding (CO-Si bond); in step S3, by adjusting the difference between the calcination temperature and the loading temperature (ΔT=20-50°C), the graded loading of the functional agent in the carbon-based micropores (<2nm) and mesopores (30nm) is achieved, of which the mesopore loading accounts for 60%-80%.

[0071] Step S4. Drying: The loaded carbon-based material is filtered to remove excess liquid, then dried at 70°C for 3 hours to obtain a dry negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material. Step S4: Curing and Drying: Dry at 70°C for 3 hours to remove free water, then heat to 110°C and dry for 1.5 hours to promote interfacial bonding, ultimately producing the target material with a moisture content of ≤1.5%.

[0072] Example 4: Optimization of substrate compounding

[0073] Formula: Bamboo charcoal (60%, particle size 20μm) + fruit shell charcoal (40%, particle size 30μm) Advantages: The microporous structure of bamboo charcoal (<2nm) and the mesoporous structure of fruit shell charcoal (2-50nm) form a complementary pore size, and the functional agent loading capacity is increased by 20%

[0074] Performance: Far-infrared radiation uniformity is improved by 15% (infrared thermal imaging detection temperature difference <1°C) Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material, characterized by: It comprises a carbon-based substrate and a negative oxygen ion enhancer, a far-infrared radiation agent and a terahertz functional agent supported on the carbon-based substrate; The carbon-based substrate is one or more combinations of charcoal, bamboo charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, fruit shell charcoal, straw charcoal, and rice straw charcoal, and its particle size is 5-50 μm.

2. The negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative oxygen ion enhancer is one or more combinations of tourmaline, negative ion powder, and rare earth activation materials, with a particle size of 1-10 μm and a surface Zeta potential greater than +30 mV. The amount of the negative oxygen ion generator accounts for 1%-10% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

3. The negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The far-infrared radiation agent is one or more combinations of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, and graphene, and has a particle size of 1-20 μm. The amount of the far-infrared radiation agent accounts for 2%-15% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

4. The negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terahertz functional agent is one or more combinations of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10-50 nm. The amount of the terahertz functional agent accounts for 0.5%-8% of the mass of the carbon-based substrate.

5. A method for preparing the negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pretreatment of the carbon-based substrate: The carbon-based substrate is crushed and sieved to obtain a carbon-based powder with a particle size of 5-50 μm; the carbon-based powder is then dried at 50-100°C for 1-3 hours; the dried carbon-based powder is then placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 300-500°C for 0.5-2 hours to obtain a pretreated carbon-based substrate; S2. Preparation of a functional agent mixture: adding a negative oxygen ion enhancer, a far-infrared radiation agent and a terahertz functional agent to deionized water in the amount ratio according to claims 2-4, stirring uniformly to obtain a functional agent mixture, wherein the mass concentration of the solid substance in the functional agent mixture is 5%-20%; S3. Loading treatment: The pretreated carbon-based substrate is added to the functional agent mixture and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion for 10-30 minutes; the mixture is then heated to 40-80°C under stirring, maintained at this temperature, and stirred for 1-3 hours; S4. Drying: Filter the loaded carbon-based material to remove excess liquid, and then dry it at 60-120° C. for 2-6 hours to obtain a dry negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material.

6. The method for preparing the negative oxygen ion far-infrared carbon-based material according to claim 5, characterized in that: (1) The carbon-based substrate prepared in step S1 is an activated substrate with a surface defect concentration increased by 15%-20%; (2) Step S2 adopts a three-stage dispersion process of "mechanical stirring → ultrasonic crushing → shear homogenization" to disperse the functional agent in deionized water to form a stable dispersion with a solid concentration of 5-20%, wherein the content of agglomerates >500nm is ≤5% (detected by a laser particle size analyzer); (3) Step S3 gradient loading: at 40-80°C, the activated substrate and the dispersion are stirred at a rate of 100-300 rpm for 1-3 hours, during which the heating rate is controlled at 5-10°C / min, so that the functional agent is loaded on the surface and pores of the substrate through hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding (CO-Si bond); (4) Step S4 curing and drying: first dry at 60-80°C for 2-4 hours to remove free water, then heat to 100-120°C and dry for 1-2 hours to promote interfacial bonding, and finally obtain a target material with a moisture content of ≤2%.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In step S2, the ultrasonic treatment parameters are 40-60 kHz, 200-500 W, and a shear homogenization rate of 10,000-15,000 rpm, ensuring that the dispersion uniformity of the terahertz functional agent is ≥95%.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In step S3, by adjusting the difference between the calcination temperature and the loading temperature (ΔT=20-50°C), the functional agent is loaded in a graded manner in the carbon-based micropores (<2nm) and mesopores (2-50nm), wherein the mesopore loading accounts for 60%-80%.

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