Gear machining internal and external chamfer grinding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a gear machining inner and outer chamfer grinding machine tool, and relates to the technical field of gear machining, which comprises a machine tool body and a gear grinding mechanism arranged on the machine tool body; the gear grinding mechanism is used for inner and outer chamfering and multi-surface grinding of a gear to be machined; the upper grinding assembly group and the lower matching assembly group are cooperatively used to realize integrated grinding of the gear to be machined and secondary polishing of external teeth, solve the problem of single function of traditional equipment and the need for step-by-step machining, the dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly is arranged to realize efficient collection of dust and cooling liquid generated in the grinding process, the adjustable structure is arranged to realize flexible adaptation of gears to be machined with different specifications, the versatility and adaptability of the equipment are improved, the elastic material part is arranged to realize self-adaptation of gear size error and buffering of grinding impact force, and scratches, cracks and other defects on the gear surface are avoided, and the machining quality is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to an inner and outer chamfer grinding machine tool for gear machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of gear machining, chamfering and multi-surface grinding are key processes to ensure the assembly accuracy, transmission stability and service life of gears. Traditional gear machining equipment often has the problem of single function, for example, inner hole grinding, outer tooth polishing, top and bottom machining and other processes need to be completed step by step on different equipment, which not only leads to complicated processing flow and low production efficiency, but also may cause cumulative error due to multiple clamping and positioning, affecting the machining accuracy of gears.

[0003] At the same time, a large amount of metal chips and dust will be generated during grinding, if not handled in time, not only will pollute the working environment and harm the health of operators, but also may adhere to the surface of the gear or the parts of the equipment, affecting the quality of subsequent processing; in addition, the high temperature generated during grinding needs to be cooled by cooling liquid, but the traditional equipment is insufficient in collecting and recycling the cooling liquid, which is easy to cause resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0004] In addition, different specifications of gears need to replace the corresponding grinding parts, the adjustment process is complex and time-consuming, and the adaptability is poor, which is difficult to meet the diversified production needs. Moreover, the rigid contact between the equipment and the gear during grinding is easy to produce impact and vibration, which may cause scratches, cracks and other defects on the grinding surface, reducing the machining quality of the gear.

[0005] Therefore, it is the key to solve the above problems in the current gear machining field to develop a device that can realize the integrated machining of gear inner and outer chamfering and multi-surface grinding, has the functions of dust and cooling liquid collection, and can adapt to the machining needs of gears of different specifications. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an inner and outer chamfer grinding machine tool for gear machining, which solves the problems of traditional machining equipment: 1. single function, inner hole, outer tooth, top and bottom machining need to be completed step by step on different equipment, complicated flow, low efficiency, and easy to cause cumulative error due to multiple clamping, affecting the accuracy; 2. metal chips and dust generated during grinding are not handled in time, which will pollute the environment, harm the health and affect the processing quality, and the collection and recycling of cooling liquid is insufficient, causing resource waste and pollution; 3. the equipment has poor adaptability to gears of different specifications, the replacement of grinding parts and the adjustment process are complex and time-consuming; 4. the rigid contact during grinding is easy to produce impact and vibration, which may cause defects on the surface of the gear, reducing the machining quality.

[0007] The application is to solve the above technical problems by the following technical scheme, and comprises a machine tool body and a gear grinding mechanism arranged on the machine tool body; the gear grinding mechanism is used for inner and outer chamfering and multi-surface grinding of a gear to be machined, and comprises: an upper grinding assembly group used for integrated grinding of an inner hole, external teeth and a top surface of the gear to be machined, which is connected with a mounting frame arranged on the top of the machine tool body, and comprises a lifting driving assembly, an inner hole grinding assembly and a tooth grinding assembly connected in sequence; a lower matching assembly group used for grinding of the bottom of the gear to be machined and secondary polishing of the external teeth, and capable of collecting dust and cooling liquid generated during polishing, which cooperates with the upper grinding assembly group to work, and comprises a dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly, a bottom grinding assembly and an external tooth secondary polishing assembly connected with each other; the mounting frame comprises a frame body fixedly connected with the top of the machine tool body, and an L-shaped mounting plate fixedly connected with the side wall of the frame body, and a waist-shaped sliding hole penetrating vertically is formed in the side wall of the mounting plate; the lifting driving assembly comprises a telescopic cylinder fixedly connected with the top of the mounting plate, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder penetrates through the top of the mounting plate and is screwed with a threaded sleeve, the bottom end of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with a Z-shaped placing frame, and the other end of the placing frame extends into the waist-shaped sliding hole and can slide vertically along the waist-shaped sliding hole; the inner hole grinding assembly comprises a driving motor and an inner hole grinding unit connected with each other, and the driving motor is fixedly connected with the placing frame; the tooth grinding assembly comprises a connecting unit and a tooth grinding unit connected with each other, and the connecting unit is connected with the inner hole grinding unit.

[0008] Preferably, the inner hole grinding unit comprises a main shaft fixedly connected with the output end of the driving motor through a shaft coupling, and an inner hole grinding sleeve and a gear top surface grinding sleeve are arranged on the main shaft, wherein: the inner hole grinding sleeve comprises an inner hole grinding support arranged on the main shaft, and an adjustable inner hole grinding part is arranged on the inner hole grinding support; the inner hole grinding support comprises a support seat fixedly sleeved on the main shaft, and a group of U-shaped support arms in a circumferential array are fixedly connected with the outer side walls of the top end and the bottom end of the support seat, and the upper and lower groups of U-shaped support arms are one-to-one corresponding and aligned; the inner hole grinding part comprises an arc-shaped vertical plate fixedly connected with the outer ends of the aligned upper and lower U-shaped support arms, arc-shaped connecting plates are fixedly connected between adjacent arc-shaped vertical plates, and adjusting holes penetrating through the arc-shaped connecting plates are arranged for adjusting the grinding range; an outer wall of the arc-shaped vertical plate is fixedly connected with a vertically extending U-shaped mounting seat, an adjustable inner hole grinding head is inserted into the U-shaped mounting seat, a pressing plate used for fastening the inner hole grinding head is rotatably connected with the top of the U-shaped mounting seat, and a chamfered corner is arranged at the bottom end of the U-shaped mounting seat.

[0009] The gear top surface grinding set comprises a top surface grinding adjusting sleeve sleeved on the main shaft, and a plurality of top surface grinding support plates in a circumferential array distributed on the top surface of the gear to be machined, the top surface grinding support plates corresponding to the adjusting holes on the arc-shaped connecting pieces one by one; the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve is screwed with a positioning bolt abutting against the main shaft through a threaded hole, one end of the top surface grinding support plate passes through the adjusting hole and is fixedly connected with the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve, and the bottom of the top surface grinding support plate is fixedly connected with a top surface grinding sheet closely abutting against the top surface of the gear to be machined.

[0010] Preferably, the top surface grinding support plate, the U-shaped support arm and the arc-shaped connecting piece are all made of elastic material, which can adapt to the size error of the gear to be machined and buffer the grinding impact force.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting unit comprises a sliding groove opened on the placing rack, a sliding seat slidably connected in the sliding groove and capable of transversely adjusting the position, a positioning vertical plate fixedly connected on the top of the sliding seat, and an elastic telescopic rod fixedly connected between the positioning vertical plate and the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the gear driving grinding unit comprises a rotating shaft rod rotatably connected to the lower end of the sliding seat, a plurality of first wave-shaped elastic plates fixedly connected on the rotating shaft rod in a circumferential array, and an elastic meshing ring fixedly connected on the plurality of first wave-shaped elastic plates and precisely meshing with the external gear of the gear to be machined.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic meshing ring comprises an arc-shaped elastic plate fixedly connected to the outer end of the first wave-shaped elastic plate, and a U-shaped meshing tooth of elastic material fixedly connected between adjacent arc-shaped elastic plates, which can flexibly adapt to gears to be machined with different tooth numbers and reduce meshing impact, and the arc-shaped elastic plate and the U-shaped meshing tooth are both provided with a polishing layer, and the U-shaped meshing tooth is in contact with the top surface grinding support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly comprises a box body provided on the top of the machine tool body, a plurality of L-shaped base plates fixedly connected to the bottom end of the box body and closely abutting against the top of the machine tool body, a liquid accumulation box fixedly connected to the bottom end of the box body and provided in a bowl shape and facilitating liquid accumulation, an annular seat fixedly connected to the bottom end of the liquid accumulation box and inserted into a insertion hole opened on the top of the machine tool body, and a liquid discharge pipe fixedly connected to the bottom end of the liquid accumulation box and in communication with the inside of the liquid accumulation box; a plurality of liquid leakage holes in communication with the liquid accumulation box are opened on the inside bottom end of the box body, an annular dust suction pipe is fixedly sleeved on the box body, a plurality of groups of dust suction holes in communication with the annular dust suction pipe and distributed at multiple angles are opened on the inner side wall of the box body, and a dust extraction pipe in communication with the annular dust suction pipe is fixedly connected to the annular dust suction pipe; an opening for taking and placing the gear to be machined is opened on the side wall of the box body, and the opening is located between the two ends of the annular dust suction pipe; a pair of positioning insertion blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular seat and inserted into insertion grooves opened on the inner side wall of the insertion hole to realize rapid positioning.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom grinding assembly comprises a bottom mounting ring fixedly connected in the box body, and a plurality of second waist-shaped holes opened at the inner bottom end of the box body, a plurality of first waist-shaped holes aligned with the second waist-shaped holes are opened on the bottom mounting ring, and a bottom grinding wheel extending into the first waist-shaped hole is rotatably connected in the second waist-shaped hole.

[0016] Preferably, the outer tooth secondary polishing assembly comprises a plurality of second wave-shaped elastic plates fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the box body, and an outer tooth polishing piece fixedly connected to the other end of the second wave-shaped elastic plate and tightly fitted with the outer tooth of the gear to be machined.

[0017] Preferably, the jack inserted in the top of the machine tool body is coaxially communicated with the inner hole of the effusion box, the inner hole of the box body and the inner hole of the bottom mounting ring, and is used for equipment installation and positioning.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are that the upper grinding assembly group and the lower cooperating assembly group work together to realize integrated grinding of the inner hole, outer tooth, top surface and bottom of the gear to be machined, and secondary polishing of the outer tooth, solve the problem of single function of traditional equipment and the need for step-by-step machining, avoid the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping, and improve the machining efficiency and precision.

[0019] By setting the dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly, efficient collection of dust and cooling liquid generated during grinding is realized, which not only avoids dust pollution, harm to the health of operators and influence on processing quality, but also improves the recycling rate of cooling liquid, reduces resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0020] By setting the adjustable structure, flexible adaptation to different specifications of gears to be machined is realized, the complex operation of replacing grinding parts is reduced, and the versatility and adaptability of the equipment are improved.

[0021] By setting the elastic material part, self-adaptation to gear size error and buffering of grinding impact force are realized, impact and vibration caused by rigid contact between the equipment and the gear are reduced, scratches, cracks and other defects on the gear surface are avoided, and the processing quality is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the gear grinding mechanism;

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sectional three-dimensional structure;

[0025] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at position A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 For Figure 3 enlarged structural diagram at B;

[0027] Figure 6 For Figure 3 enlarged structural diagram at C;

[0028] Figure 7 For Figure 3 enlarged structural diagram at D;

[0029] Figure 8 For Figure 7 enlarged structural diagram at E;

[0030] Figure 9 For Figure 7 second perspective structural diagram;

[0031] Figure 10 For enlarged structural diagram of the gear driving grinding assembly;

[0032] Figure 11 For

[0033] Figures in the drawings represent:

[0034] 1, machine tool body; 2, mounting frame; 21, frame body; 22, mounting plate; 23, waist-shaped sliding hole; 3, upper grinding assembly group; 4, lifting driving assembly; 41, telescopic cylinder; 42, threaded sleeve; 43, placing frame; 5, inner hole grinding assembly; 6, driving motor; 7, gear driving grinding assembly; 70, rotating shaft; 71, sliding seat; 72, positioning vertical plate; 73, elastic telescopic rod; 76, first wavy elastic plate; 77, elastic engagement ring; 8, inner hole grinding unit; 81, main shaft; 82, top surface grinding adjusting sleeve; 83, inner hole grinding support; 831, support seat; 832, U-shaped support arm; 84, inner hole grinding component; 841, arc-shaped vertical plate; 842, arc-shaped connecting piece; 843, U-shaped mounting seat; 844, adjusting hole; 85, inner hole grinding head; 86, pressing plate; 87, top surface grinding support plate; 88, top surface grinding sheet; 9, lower matching assembly group; 91, box body; 92, bottom mounting ring; 93, first waist-shaped hole; 94, bottom grinding wheel; 95, annular dust suction pipe; 96, dust suction hole; 97, L-shaped base plate; 98, liquid accumulation box; 99, second wavy elastic plate; 910, outer tooth polishing sheet; 911, dust extraction pipe; 912, opening; 913, liquid leakage hole; 914, annular seat; 915, liquid discharge pipe; 916, positioning plug; 10, gear to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The above and other technical features and advantages of the present application will be more apparent from the following detailed description.

[0036] The embodiment provides a technical scheme: an inner and outer chamfer grinding machine for gear machining, which comprises a machine tool body 1 and a gear grinding mechanism arranged on the machine tool body 1. Figures 1-11 The gear grinding mechanism is used for inner and outer chamfering and multi-surface grinding of a gear to be machined 10, and comprises an upper grinding assembly group 3 used for integrated grinding of the inner hole, outer teeth and top surface of the gear to be machined 10, which is connected with a mounting frame 2 mounted on the top of the machine tool body 1, and comprises a lifting driving assembly 4, an inner hole grinding assembly 5 and a tooth driving grinding assembly 7 connected in sequence.

[0037] As shown in Figures 2 to 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 The mounting frame 2 comprises a frame body 21 fixedly connected to the top of the machine tool body 1, and an L-shaped mounting plate 22 fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame body 21, and a waist-shaped sliding hole 23 vertically penetrating through the side wall of the mounting plate 22 is formed on the side wall of the mounting plate 22. The frame body 21 provides stable support for the entire upper grinding assembly, ensuring the stability of the entire equipment during grinding. The structural design of the L-shaped mounting plate 22 not only saves installation space, but also precisely restricts the sliding track of the placement rack 43 through the waist-shaped sliding hole 23, avoiding deviation or shaking during vertical movement, and providing a basic guarantee for the positioning accuracy of the subsequent grinding assembly.

[0038] The lifting driving assembly 4 comprises a telescopic cylinder 41 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 22, a threaded sleeve 42 threaded and connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 41 and penetrating through the top of the mounting plate 22, a Z-shaped placement rack 43 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded sleeve 42, and the other end of the placement rack 43 extends into the waist-shaped sliding hole 23 and can vertically slide along the waist-shaped sliding hole 23. The telescopic cylinder 41 provides stable vertical driving force to realize the lifting adjustment of the grinding assembly and meet the processing needs of gears with different thicknesses. The threaded sleeve 42 is convenient for quickly adjusting the initial height of the placement rack 43 through threaded connection, improving the equipment debugging efficiency. The cooperation of the Z-shaped placement rack 43 and the waist-shaped sliding hole 23 stably transmits the driving force of the telescopic cylinder to the inner hole grinding assembly and the tooth driving grinding assembly, and ensures the stability of the lifting process by using the guiding effect of the waist-shaped sliding hole, reducing the influence of vibration on the grinding accuracy.

[0039] The inner hole grinding assembly 5 comprises a driving motor 6 and an inner hole grinding unit 8 connected with each other, and the driving motor 6 is fixedly connected to the placement rack 43. The driving motor 6 provides rotary power for the inner hole grinding unit 8, and the fixed connection of the driving motor 6 and the placement rack 43 ensures the stability of power transmission, avoiding the deviation of grinding track caused by motor shaking. The lifting of the placement rack 43 drives the synchronous movement of the driving motor 6 and the inner hole grinding unit 8, realizing the accurate positioning with the gear to be machined 10.

[0040] The tooth driving grinding assembly 7 comprises a connection unit and a tooth driving grinding unit connected with each other, the connection unit is connected with the inner hole grinding unit 8, the adjustment action of the inner hole grinding unit 8 is synchronously transmitted to the tooth driving grinding unit through the connection unit, so that the two always maintain a matching relationship during the machining process, and the problem that the outer tooth and the inner hole grinding are out of synchronization due to the deviation of the relative position is avoided.

[0041] The inner hole grinding unit 8 comprises a main shaft 81 fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 6 through a shaft coupling, and an inner hole grinding sleeve and a gear top surface grinding sleeve are installed on the main shaft 81, wherein: the inner hole grinding sleeve comprises an inner hole grinding support 83 installed on the main shaft 81, and an adjustable inner hole grinding part 84 is arranged on the inner hole grinding support 83; the main shaft 81 serves as a power transmission core, and synchronously transmits the rotary motion of the driving motor 6 to the inner hole grinding sleeve and the gear top surface grinding sleeve, so that synchronous grinding of the inner hole and the top surface is realized, and the machining time is reduced; the inner hole grinding support 83 provides a mounting basis for the inner hole grinding part 84, and the adjustable design enables the equipment to adapt to the machining of gears with different hole diameters.

[0042] The inner hole grinding support 83 comprises a support seat 831 fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 81, and a group of U-shaped support arms 832 in a circumferential array is fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the top end and the bottom end of the support seat 831; the upper and lower groups of U-shaped support arms 832 are in one-to-one correspondence and alignment, and the fixed sleeving of the support seat 831 and the main shaft 81 ensures that the inner hole grinding support rotates synchronously with the main shaft; the U-shaped support arms 832 in a circumferential array uniformly distribute the inner hole grinding force, so that the deformation of the gear inner hole caused by excessive local stress is avoided; the alignment design of the upper and lower groups of U-shaped support arms 832 provides symmetrical mounting support for the arc-shaped vertical plates 841, thereby enhancing the structural rigidity of the inner hole grinding part 84.

[0043] The inner hole grinding part 84 comprises arc-shaped vertical plates 841 fixedly connected to the outer ends of the aligned upper and lower U-shaped support arms 832, and arc-shaped connecting pieces 842 are fixedly connected between adjacent arc-shaped vertical plates 841; the arc-shaped connecting pieces 842 are provided with through adjustment holes 844 for adjusting the grinding range; the arc-shaped vertical plates 841 match the arc-shaped contour of the gear inner hole, so that the grinding track matches the shape of the inner hole; the arc-shaped connecting pieces 842 connect adjacent arc-shaped vertical plates to form a complete annular grinding structure, thereby improving the overall stability; the adjustment holes 844 provide adjustment space for the top surface grinding support plate 87, and the size design thereof can indirectly limit the radial adjustment range of the inner hole grinding part 84, thereby preventing grinding errors caused by excessive adjustment.

[0044] The outer wall of the arc-shaped vertical plate 841 is fixedly connected with a vertically extending U-shaped mounting seat 843, an adjustable inner hole grinding head 85 is inserted into the U-shaped mounting seat 843, a pressing plate 86 for fastening the inner hole grinding head 85 is rotatably connected to the top of the U-shaped mounting seat 843, the bottom end of the U-shaped mounting seat 843 is provided with a cut corner, the U-shaped mounting seat 843 provides a stable mounting groove for the inner hole grinding head 85, and the vertical extension design of the U-shaped mounting seat 843 is suitable for the vertical grinding requirement of the inner hole; the adjustability of the inner hole grinding head 85 allows replacement or repair according to the damage degree; the pressing plate 86 is quickly fixed to the inner hole grinding head by rotating and pressing, and the replacement operation is simplified; and the bottom end cut corner design facilitates placement in the inner hole of the gear 10 to be machined.

[0045] The gear top surface grinding set comprises a top surface grinding adjustment sleeve 82 sleeved on the main shaft 81 and a plurality of top surface grinding support plates 87 in a circumferential array distributed on the top surface of the gear 10 to be machined and in one-to-one correspondence with the adjustment holes 844 on the arc-shaped connecting piece 842; the top surface grinding adjustment sleeve 82 is movable up and down along the main shaft 81 to drive the top surface grinding support plates 87 to be synchronously adjusted in height, so as to adapt to the top surface grinding requirement of gears with different thicknesses; the circumferential array distribution of the top surface grinding support plates 87 ensures that the gear top surface is uniformly stressed and avoids local excessive grinding; the corresponding relationship between the adjustment holes 844 and the top surface grinding support plates 87 not only limits the shaking of the support plates but also provides a radial adjustment allowance for the support plates, so as to adapt to the top surface machining of gears with different outer diameters.

[0046] The top surface grinding adjustment sleeve 82 is screwed with a positioning bolt abutting against the main shaft 81 through a threaded hole, one end of the top surface grinding support plate 87 passes through the adjustment hole 844 and is fixedly connected with the top surface grinding adjustment sleeve 82, and the bottom of the top surface grinding support plate 87 is fixedly connected with a top surface grinding sheet 88 closely abutting against the top surface of the gear 10 to be machined; the positioning bolt is fixed to the top surface grinding adjustment sleeve 82 by abutting against the main shaft 81, so as to ensure the stability of the position after adjustment; the top surface grinding support plate 87 connects the adjustment sleeve and the top surface grinding sheet 88, so as to transmit the height change of the adjustment sleeve to the grinding sheet 88 and realize accurate control of the top surface grinding depth; the close abutment of the top surface grinding sheet 88 and the gear top surface guarantees the flatness of grinding; the top surface grinding support plate 87, the U-shaped support arm 832 and the arc-shaped connecting piece 842 are all made of elastic material, which can adapt to the size error of the gear 10 to be machined and buffer the grinding impact force; the synergistic effect of the elastic material makes each component slightly deform when contacting the gear, automatically compensates for the size error of the gear such as roundness deviation and uneven thickness, simultaneously absorbs the vibration energy in the grinding process, reduces the gear surface scratches or cracks caused by rigid impact, and improves the machining quality.

[0047] The engaging unit comprises a sliding groove opened on the placing rack 43, a sliding seat 71 capable of adjusting the position laterally is slidably connected in the sliding groove, a positioning vertical plate 72 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding seat 71, a flexible telescopic rod 73 is fixedly connected between the positioning vertical plate 72 and the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve 82, the sliding groove provides a lateral moving track for the sliding seat 71, so that the position can be adjusted according to the outer diameter of the gear; the flexible telescopic rod 73 converts the height change of the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve 82 into the lateral displacement of the sliding seat 71, so as to realize the automatic alignment of the gear grinding unit and the outer gear, and the elastic property can buffer the impact force when the two are contacted; the positioning vertical plate 72 enhances the stability of the connection between the sliding seat 71 and the flexible telescopic rod 73, so as to avoid loosening during transmission.

[0048] The gear grinding unit comprises a rotating shaft 70 rotatably connected to the lower end of the sliding seat 71, a plurality of first wave-shaped elastic plates 76 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 70 in a circumferential array, an elastic meshing ring 77 precisely meshing with the outer gear 10 to be machined is fixedly connected to the plurality of first wave-shaped elastic plates 76, the rotating shaft 70 provides rotational support for the first wave-shaped elastic plates 76, so that the first wave-shaped elastic plates 76 can keep the rotational grinding ability while moving with the sliding seat 71; the wave structure of the first wave-shaped elastic plates 76 can adapt to the outer gear spacing of gears with different numbers of teeth through deformation, and the circumferential array distribution ensures that the elastic meshing ring 77 is uniformly stressed; the precise meshing of the elastic meshing ring 77 and the outer gear ensures that the grinding track and the tooth profile are completely matched, thereby improving the machining precision of the outer gear.

[0049] The elastic meshing ring 77 comprises an arc-shaped elastic plate fixedly connected to the outer end of the first wave-shaped elastic plate 76, and a U-shaped meshing tooth made of elastic material is fixedly connected between adjacent arc-shaped elastic plates, which can flexibly adapt to gears with different numbers of teeth and reduce meshing impact, the arc-shaped elastic plate and the U-shaped meshing tooth are both provided with a polishing layer, the U-shaped meshing tooth is in contact with the top surface grinding support plate 87, the arc-shaped elastic plate deforms cooperatively with the first wave-shaped elastic plate 76, thereby expanding the adaptation range of the device to gears with different numbers of teeth; the elastic property of the U-shaped meshing tooth can be slightly deformed during meshing, thereby reducing the rigid collision with the outer gear, and the U-shaped structure of the U-shaped meshing tooth can wrap the tooth surface, cooperate with the polishing layer, so as to realize the synchronous grinding of the tooth top and the tooth side; the contact with the top surface grinding support plate 87 can drive the U-shaped meshing tooth to rotate, and then drive the gear to be machined 10 to rotate.

[0050] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 7 to 9As shown, the lower matching assembly group 9 is used for grinding the bottom of the gear 10 to be processed and the secondary polishing of the external teeth, and can collect dust and cooling liquid generated during polishing. It works in cooperation with the upper grinding assembly group 3, including the dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly, the bottom grinding assembly and the external teeth secondary polishing assembly connected with each other. The dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly includes a box body 91 arranged at the top of the machine tool body 1. The bottom end of the box body 91 is fixedly connected with a plurality of L-shaped base plates 97 which are in close contact with the top of the machine tool body 1. The bottom end of the box body 91 is fixedly connected with a liquid accumulation box 98 which is arranged in a bowl shape and is convenient for liquid accumulation. The bottom end of the liquid accumulation box 98 is fixedly connected with an annular seat 914 which is inserted into the insertion hole arranged at the top of the machine tool body 1. The annular seat 914 is provided with a drainage pipe 915 which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the liquid accumulation box 98 and communicates with the inside of the liquid accumulation box 98. The box body 91 is convenient for placing the gear 10 to be processed. The L-shaped base plate 97 enhances the connection stability of the box body and the machine tool body 1, avoiding displacement of the box body caused by processing vibration. The bowl-shaped liquid accumulation box 98 realizes automatic accumulation of cooling liquid by shape, and the cooling liquid is concentrated and recovered through the drainage pipe 915, improving resource utilization. The cooperation of the annular seat 914 and the insertion hole of the machine tool body realizes quick positioning and installation of the liquid accumulation box, ensuring smooth drainage.

[0051] A plurality of liquid leakage holes 913 which communicate with the liquid accumulation box 98 are arranged at the inner bottom end of the box body 91. An annular dust suction pipe 95 is fixedly sleeved on the box body 91. A plurality of groups of dust suction holes 96 which communicate with the annular dust suction pipe 95 and are distributed at multiple angles are arranged on the inner side wall of the box body 91. The annular dust suction pipe 95 is fixedly connected with a dust extraction pipe 911 which communicates therewith. The liquid leakage holes 913 provide a channel for the cooling liquid in the box body to flow to the liquid accumulation box 98, and the distribution design ensures that there is no residual liquid. The annular dust suction pipe 95 cooperates with the multi-angle dust suction holes 96 to adsorb the dust generated during processing from different directions, improving the dust suction efficiency. The dust extraction pipe 911 guides the dust out of the box body to the external treatment equipment, avoiding the accumulation of dust in the box body affecting the processing quality.

[0052] An opening 912 for taking and placing the gear 10 to be processed is arranged on the side wall of the box body 91, and the opening 912 is located between the two ends of the annular dust suction pipe 95. The opening 912 facilitates the taking and placing operation of the gear, and avoids interference when the elastic engagement ring 77 moves. A pair of positioning plug blocks 916 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the annular seat 914. The positioning plug blocks 916 are inserted into the insertion slot arranged on the inner side wall of the insertion hole to realize quick positioning. The cooperation of the positioning plug blocks 916 and the insertion slot further limits the circumferential rotation of the annular seat 914, ensuring the coaxiality of the liquid accumulation box 98, the box body 91 and the upper grinding assembly, and avoiding processing deviation caused by relative rotation.

[0053] The bottom grinding assembly includes a bottom mounting ring 92 fixedly connected in the box body 91, and a plurality of second waist-shaped holes opened at the inner bottom end of the box body 91. A plurality of first waist-shaped holes 93 are opened on the bottom mounting ring 92 and aligned with the second waist-shaped holes. The bottom grinding wheel 94 is rotatably connected in the second waist-shaped hole and extends into the first waist-shaped hole 93. The bottom mounting ring 92 provides mounting support for the bottom grinding wheel 94, and the fixed connection with the box body 91 ensures the stability of the grinding wheel position. The alignment of the first waist-shaped hole 93 and the second waist-shaped hole allows the bottom grinding wheel 94 to rotate radially, adapting to the bottom grinding requirements of gears with different outer diameters. The rotation of the bottom grinding wheel 94 in the waist-shaped hole realizes the grinding of the bottom of the gear, and cooperates with the upper top surface grinding sheet 88 to realize the synchronous machining of the upper and lower surfaces of the gear, greatly improving the machining efficiency.

[0054] The outer tooth secondary polishing assembly includes a plurality of second wave-shaped elastic plates 99 fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the box body 91. The other end of the second wave-shaped elastic plate 99 is fixedly connected with an outer tooth polishing sheet 910 that closely fits the outer teeth of the gear 10 to be machined. The elastic deformation capability of the second wave-shaped elastic plate 99 allows the outer tooth polishing sheet 910 to closely fit the tooth profile curve of the outer teeth, adapting to gears with different numbers of teeth and tooth shapes. The wave structure can buffer the impact force during polishing, avoiding excessive polishing. The outer tooth polishing sheet 910 cooperates with the upper tooth driving grinding unit to perform secondary fine polishing after the first grinding, significantly improving the surface finish of the outer teeth. The jack on the top of the machine tool body 1 is coaxially connected with the inner hole of the liquid accumulation box 98, the inner hole of the box body 91, and the inner hole of the bottom mounting ring 92, which are used for equipment installation and positioning. The coaxial design of the inner holes of the multiple components ensures that the center axes of the upper grinding assembly group, the gear 10 to be machined, and the lower cooperating assembly group are consistent, thereby ensuring the alignment accuracy of each grinding process as a whole and reducing the machining errors caused by eccentricity.

[0055] By setting the upper grinding assembly group 3 and the lower cooperating assembly group 9 (including the dust and cooling liquid collection assembly, the bottom grinding assembly, and the outer tooth secondary polishing assembly) to work cooperatively, integrated grinding of the inner hole, outer teeth, top surface, and bottom of the gear 10 to be machined, as well as secondary polishing of the outer teeth, is realized. This solves the problem of single function of traditional equipment and the need for step-by-step machining, avoids the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping, and improves the machining efficiency and precision.

[0056] By setting the dust and cooling liquid collection assembly (including the box body 91, the liquid accumulation box 98, the annular dust suction pipe 95, the dust suction pipe 911, the liquid leakage hole 913, etc.), efficient collection of dust and cooling liquid generated during grinding is realized. This not only avoids dust pollution, harm to the health of operators, and affects the processing quality, but also improves the recycling rate of cooling liquid, reduces resource waste, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0057] By setting adjustable structures (such as the adjusting hole 844 of the inner hole grinding part 84, the adjustable inner hole grinding head 85 in the U-shaped mounting seat 843, the cooperation of the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve 82 and the adjusting hole 844, the transverse adjustment of the sliding seat 71, etc.), flexible adaptation to different specifications of gears to be machined 10 such as different hole diameters, tooth numbers and thicknesses is realized, the complex operation of replacing the grinding part is reduced, and the versatility and adaptability of the equipment are improved.

[0058] By setting elastic material parts (such as the top surface grinding support plate 87, the U-shaped support arm 832, the arc-shaped connecting piece 842, the first wave-shaped elastic plate 76, the second wave-shaped elastic plate 99, the elastic meshing ring 77, etc.), self-adaptation to gear size errors and buffering of grinding impact force are realized, the impact and vibration generated by the rigid contact between the equipment and the gear are reduced, scratches, cracks and other defects on the gear surface are avoided, and the machining quality is improved.

[0059] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, which is only illustrative but not limiting. It is understood by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications and even equivalents can be made to the present application within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present application, but all will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An internal and external chamfer grinding machine for gear processing, characterized by, It includes a machine tool body and a gear grinding mechanism mounted on the machine tool body; the gear grinding mechanism is used to perform internal and external chamfering and multi-face grinding on the gear to be processed, including: The upper grinding assembly is used for integrated grinding of the inner hole, outer teeth and top surface of the gear to be processed. It is connected to the mounting bracket installed on the top of the machine tool body and includes a lifting drive assembly, an inner hole grinding assembly and a gear grinding assembly connected in sequence. The lower mating assembly is used for grinding the bottom of the gear to be processed and for secondary grinding of the external teeth. It can also collect the dust and cooling liquid generated during grinding. It works in conjunction with the upper grinding assembly, including the interconnected dust and cooling liquid collection assembly, the bottom grinding assembly, and the external tooth secondary grinding assembly. The mounting frame includes a frame body fixedly connected to the top of the machine tool body, and an L-shaped mounting plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame body. A vertical through-hole is provided on the side wall of the mounting plate. The lifting drive assembly includes a telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder passes through the top of the mounting plate and is threaded with a threaded sleeve. The bottom end of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to a Z-shaped placement frame. The other end of the placement frame extends into the waist-shaped sliding hole and can slide vertically along it. The internal hole grinding assembly includes a drive motor and an internal hole grinding unit connected to each other, with the drive motor fixedly connected to the mounting frame; The tooth grinding assembly includes a connecting unit and a tooth grinding unit that are connected to each other, and the connecting unit is connected to the internal hole grinding unit. The internal grinding unit includes a main shaft fixedly connected to the output end of a drive motor via a coupling. An internal grinding kit and a gear top surface grinding kit are mounted on the main shaft, wherein: The internal grinding kit includes an internal grinding bracket mounted on the spindle, and the internal grinding bracket is provided with an adjustable internal grinding component. The internal grinding support includes a support seat fixedly sleeved on the spindle. The top and bottom outer walls of the support seat are each fixedly connected with a set of U-shaped support arms arranged in a circumferential array, and the upper and lower sets of U-shaped support arms are aligned one to one. The internal grinding component includes an arc-shaped vertical plate fixedly connected by the outer ends of aligned upper and lower U-shaped support arms. An arc-shaped connecting piece is fixedly connected between adjacent arc-shaped vertical plates. The arc-shaped connecting piece has a through-hole for adjusting the grinding range. A vertically extending U-shaped mounting seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped vertical plate. An adjustable internal grinding head is inserted into the U-shaped mounting seat. A clamping plate for fastening the grinding head is rotatably connected to the top of the U-shaped mounting seat and fits against the top of the internal grinding head. The bottom end of the U-shaped mounting seat has a chamfer. The gear top surface grinding kit includes a top surface grinding adjustment sleeve fitted on the spindle, and multiple top surface grinding support plates arranged in a circumferential array on the top surface of the gear to be processed. The top surface grinding support plates correspond one-to-one with the adjustment holes on the arc-shaped connecting piece. The top surface grinding adjustment sleeve is screwed with a positioning bolt that abuts against the spindle through a threaded hole. One end of the top surface grinding support plate passes through the adjustment hole and is fixedly connected to the top surface grinding adjustment sleeve. The bottom of the top surface grinding support plate is fixedly connected with a top surface grinding disc that fits tightly against the top surface of the gear to be processed. The connecting unit comprises a sliding groove formed on the placing rack, a sliding seat slidably connected in the sliding groove and capable of transversely adjusting the position, a top portion of the sliding seat is fixedly connected with a positioning vertical plate, and the positioning vertical plate is fixedly connected with the top surface grinding adjusting sleeve through elastic telescopic rods; The tooth grinding unit comprises a rotating shaft rod rotatably connected to the lower end of the sliding seat, a plurality of first wave-shaped elastic plates are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft rod in a circumferential array, and a plurality of elastic engagement rings are fixedly connected to the first wave-shaped elastic plates and are precisely engaged with the external teeth of the gear to be machined. The elastic engagement ring comprises an arc-shaped elastic plate fixedly connected to the outer end of the first wave-shaped elastic plate, and U-shaped engagement teeth of elastic material are fixedly connected between adjacent arc-shaped elastic plates.

2. The internal and external chamfer grinding machine for gear processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface grinding support plate, the U-shaped support arm and the arc-shaped connecting piece are all made of elastic material, which can adapt to the size error of the gear to be machined and buffer the grinding impact force.

3. The internal and external chamfer grinding machine for gear processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust and cooling liquid collecting assembly comprises a box body arranged on the top of the machine tool body, a plurality of L-shaped base plates are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the box body and are attached to the top of the machine tool body, a liquid accumulation box is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the box body and is arranged in a bowl shape and is convenient for liquid accumulation, an annular seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the liquid accumulation box and is inserted into the insertion hole formed in the top of the machine tool body, and a drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the liquid accumulation box and is in communication with the inside of the liquid accumulation box. A plurality of liquid leakage holes are formed in the inside bottom end of the box body and are in communication with the liquid accumulation box, an annular dust suction pipe is fixedly connected to the box body, a plurality of groups of dust suction holes are formed in the inner side wall of the box body and are in communication with the annular dust suction pipe and are distributed at multiple angles, and a dust extraction pipe is fixedly connected to the annular dust suction pipe and is in communication therewith. An opening is formed in the side wall of the box body for placing the gear to be machined, and the opening is located between the two ends of the annular dust suction pipe.

4. The internal and external chamfer grinding machine for gear processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom grinding assembly comprises a bottom mounting ring fixedly connected to the box body and a plurality of second waist-shaped holes formed in the inside bottom end of the box body, a plurality of first waist-shaped holes are formed in the bottom mounting ring and are aligned with the second waist-shaped holes, and a bottom grinding wheel is rotatably connected to the second waist-shaped hole and extends into the first waist-shaped hole.

5. The internal and external chamfer grinding machine for gear processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer tooth secondary grinding assembly comprises a plurality of second wave-shaped elastic plates fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the box body, and an outer tooth grinding piece is fixedly connected to the other end of the second wave-shaped elastic plate and is tightly attached to the external teeth of the gear to be machined.

6. The internal and external chamfer grinding machine for gear processing according to claim 5, wherein The insertion hole formed in the top of the machine tool body is coaxially communicated with the inner hole of the liquid accumulation box, the inner hole of the box body and the inner hole of the bottom mounting ring for equipment installation and positioning.

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