Automatic loading and unloading system and method for box containers

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of logistics equipment, in particular to an automatic loading and unloading vehicle system and method for boxed containers, the system comprises a loading and unloading vehicle conveying line, and the loading and unloading vehicle conveying line is in butt joint with the containers; the tray disassembling and stacking equipment is arranged at one end, far away from the container, of the loading and unloading truck conveying line; the loading and unloading vehicle conveying line is provided with a stacking disc position material arranging conveyor, a right-angle conveyor, a reversing material arranging conveyor, a telescopic conveyor and a box overturning material arranging conveyor which are matched to achieve conveying, reversing, overturning and shaping of materials. And the loading and unloading robot is arranged at the position close to the container and used for loading or unloading the materials. The loading and unloading process is changed from manual work to automatic work, it is guaranteed that the efficiency of automatic loading and unloading is higher than that of manual work, stacking inside the container is achieved through the loading and unloading robot, the maximum loading rate is achieved, space waste is reduced, and the loading and unloading robot is suitable for box materials of various specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of logistics, and in particular to a system and method for automatically loading and unloading boxes and containers. Background Art

[0002] In manufacturing and warehousing logistics, the retrieval, placement, and palletizing of goods at designated locations is often necessary, such as in the transfer and loading / unloading of materials within a factory. These tasks are particularly complex. For example, loading materials into trucks involves moving goods from the warehouse into containers and palletizing them. These containers may be located in various locations, and the materials must be palletized within them. These complex retrieval and placement tasks are typically manual, labor-intensive, and inefficient.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need for a fully automatic box and container loading and unloading system and method from the warehouse to the container to solve the problem of high intensity and low efficiency of existing manual work. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a system and method for automatically loading and unloading boxes and containers. The specific technical solutions are as follows: An automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers, comprising: A loading and unloading conveyor line, which is connected to the container and is used to transport materials for loading and unloading; A pallet removal device is provided at one end of the loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line away from the container, and is used to remove the materials from the pallet and place them on the loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line; The loading and unloading conveyor line is equipped with a pallet disassembly conveyor, a right-angle conveyor, a reversing material conveyor, a telescopic conveyor and a box-turning material conveyor. The pallet disassembly conveyor, the right-angle conveyor, the reversing material conveyor, the telescopic conveyor and the box-turning material conveyor work together to realize the transportation, reversal, turnover and shaping of materials. The loading and unloading robot is set up near the container and is used to load or unload materials.

[0005] Optionally, the de-stacking material conveyor includes: A belt conveyor is arranged on the first frame; The first conveying mechanism includes a plurality of independently operating conveying rollers, which cooperate to separate multiple boxes during loading; A box assembly mechanism includes a first push plate and a first drive member, and the first push plate and the first drive member cooperate to integrate multiple boxes during the unloading process; The first frame is used to install the belt conveyor, the conveying mechanism and the box assembly mechanism.

[0006] Optionally, the right-angle conveyor includes: Modular belts are installed at the right-angle turning position of the loading and unloading conveyor line to bring the boxes into the loading direction; The box pushing mechanism is arranged above the module belt, and the box pushing mechanism includes a second push plate and a second driving member. The second push plate and the second driving member cooperate to push the box toward the unloading direction; a guardrail, provided on the module belt and perpendicular to the second push plate; The second frame is used for installing the module belt, the box pushing mechanism and the guardrail.

[0007] Optional, reversing material conveyor includes: The second conveying mechanism is provided with rollers for conveying materials and ribs arranged on both sides of the rollers; The inclined roller replaces a section of the roller and is set on the second conveying mechanism to convey the material sideways; The material reversing mechanism is arranged on the rib at the position of the inclined roller, and the inclined roller cooperates with the material reversing mechanism to realize material reversal; The third frame is used to install the second conveying mechanism, the inclined roller and the material reversing mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the box turning and material sorting conveyor includes: The third conveying mechanism is used to convey the materials along the loading direction or the unloading direction; A turning mechanism is provided on the conveying mechanism; The first lifting baffle and the second lifting baffle are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the turning mechanism, and are used to block the material to be turned at the position where the turning mechanism is located; The third push plate is provided at the end of the conveying mechanism along the loading direction, and is used to reposition the flipped material so that it can smoothly enter the next station; The fourth frame is used for installing the third conveying mechanism, the turning mechanism, the first lifting baffle, the second lifting baffle and the third push plate.

[0009] Optionally, the loading and unloading robot includes: A loading and unloading trolley is provided with a walking mechanism under the loading and unloading trolley to enable the loading and unloading robot to walk; A robotic arm is mounted on a loading and unloading trolley; A fixture is provided at the end of the robotic arm; Clearance lights, installed on the loading and unloading trolley, are used to indicate the operating status of the loading and unloading trolley; The ranging light switch is installed on the loading and unloading trolley to detect the position of the loading and unloading trolley relative to the container and provide coordinate data for the movement of the loading and unloading trolley; Laser radar, installed on the loading and unloading trolley, is used to identify the internal space of the container and the location of the boxes; Industrial camera components, installed on the loading and unloading trolley, are used to detect the posture of boxes when loading or to detect labels on boxes when unloading; The control cabinet is installed on the loading and unloading trolley and is used to receive information from the ranging light switch, laser radar and industrial camera and control the robotic arm and fixture to grab materials for loading and unloading; The fourth conveying mechanism is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley and connected to the loading and unloading trolley conveying line.

[0010] Optionally, the loading and unloading robot further includes a lighting lamp and a camera; The lighting lamp is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley to illuminate the interior space of the container; The camera is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley and is used for transmitting the working status of the loading and unloading robot in real time.

[0011] Optionally, the traveling mechanism includes a steering wheel and a steering wheel driver arranged below the loading and unloading trolley, and the steering wheel is connected to the steering wheel driver.

[0012] Optionally, the industrial camera assembly includes a first mounting block, a first round rod, a second mounting block, a second round rod and an industrial camera body; The first mounting block is rotatably disposed on the first round rod and is movably disposed along the length direction of the first round rod; The industrial camera body is set on the first mounting block, and the first round rod is connected to the second mounting block The second mounting block is adjustably arranged along the length direction of the second round rod, and the second round rod is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also includes a method for automatically loading and unloading boxes and containers, which uses the automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers as described above.

[0014] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers, which realizes the transportation, reversal, flipping and shaping of materials through the cooperation of a pallet material conveyor, a right-angle conveyor, a reversing material conveyor, a telescopic conveyor and a box-turning material conveyor, and changes the loading and unloading process from manual to automatic, ensuring that the efficiency of automatic loading and unloading exceeds that of manual. In addition, the present invention realizes stacking inside the container through a loading and unloading robot, achieves the maximum loading rate, reduces space waste, and adapts to box materials of various specifications.

[0015] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Structural diagram of the material handling conveyor at the center disassembly and stacking position; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the right angle conveyor; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle reversing material conveyor; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the box turning material conveyor; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium loading and unloading robot; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of industrial camera components.

[0018] Among them, 100-disassembly equipment; 200- unpacking and sorting conveyor, 201- belt conveyor, 202- first conveying mechanism, 203- box assembly mechanism, 204- first rack; 300-right-angle conveyor, 301-module belt, 302-box pushing mechanism, 303-guardrail, 304-second frame; 400-reversing material conveyor, 401-second conveying mechanism, 402-inclined roller, 403-material reversing mechanism, 404-third frame; 500-telescopic conveyor; 600- box turning and sorting conveyor, 601- third conveying mechanism, 602- flipping mechanism, 603- first lifting baffle, 604- second lifting baffle, 605- third push plate, 606- fourth frame; 700 - Loading and unloading robot, 701 - Loading and unloading trolley, 702 - Travel mechanism, 703 - Robotic arm, 704 - Fixture, 705 - Clearance light, 706 - Distance measuring light switch, 707 - LiDAR, 708 - Industrial camera assembly, 708.1 - First mounting block, 708.2 - First round rod, 708.3 - Second mounting block, 708.4 - Second round rod, 708.5 - Industrial camera body, 709 - Control cabinet, 710 - Fourth conveying mechanism, 711 - Lighting lamp, 712 - Camera, 713 - Vacuum pump, 714 - Fourth push plate, 715 - Lifting ring; 800-lift gear lever. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a box container automatic loading and unloading system, including: A loading and unloading conveyor line, which is connected to the container and is used to transport materials for loading and unloading; A pallet removal device 100 is provided at one end of the loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line away from the container A, and is used to remove the materials from the pallet and place them on the loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line; The loading and unloading conveyor line is equipped with a material conveyor 200 for depalletizing, a right-angle conveyor 300, a reversing material conveyor 400, a telescopic conveyor 500 and a box-turning material conveyor 600. The material conveyor 200 for depalletizing, the right-angle conveyor 300, the reversing material conveyor 400, the telescopic conveyor 500 and the box-turning material conveyor 600 cooperate to realize the transportation, reversal, turnover and shaping of materials. The loading and unloading robot 700 is arranged near the container and is used to load or unload materials.

[0021] The de-coding device 100 in this embodiment is a robot with a clamp.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the de-stacking material conveyor 200 includes: The belt conveyor 201 is arranged on the first frame 204; The first conveying mechanism 202 includes a plurality of independently operating conveying rollers, which cooperate to separate multiple boxes during loading; The box assembly mechanism 203 includes a first push plate and a first drive member, which cooperate with each other to integrate multiple boxes during the unloading process; The first frame 204 is used to install the belt conveyor 201, the conveying mechanism 202 and the box assembly mechanism 203.

[0023] Furthermore, the first driving member may be a rodless cylinder. The box assembly mechanism 203 in this embodiment is used to assemble boxes during unloading, facilitating their transport by the palletizing equipment. Furthermore, the first frame 204 in this embodiment is fixedly mounted on the ground. Other push plates in this embodiment may also utilize rodless cylinders as their driving members.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the right-angle conveyor 300 includes: The modular belt 301 is set at the right-angle turning position of the loading and unloading conveyor line and is used to bring the boxes into the loading direction; The box pushing mechanism 302 is arranged above the module belt 301. The box pushing mechanism 302 includes a second push plate and a second driving member. The second push plate and the second driving member cooperate to push the box toward the unloading direction. A guardrail 303 is provided on the module belt and is perpendicular to the second push plate; The second frame 304 is used to install the module belt 301 , the box pushing mechanism 302 and the guardrail 303 .

[0025] It should be noted that the guardrail 203 in this embodiment is provided on the modular belt to block the boxes in the unloading direction, and the second push plate and the second driving member can integrate these boxes and push them to the next mechanism in the unloading direction. The second driving member can be a rodless cylinder.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the reversing material handling conveyor 400 includes: The second conveying mechanism 401 is provided with rollers for conveying materials and ribs provided on both sides of the rollers; The inclined roller 402 replaces a section of the roller and is arranged on the second conveying mechanism to convey the material sideways; The material reversing mechanism 403 is provided on the rib at the position of the inclined roller, and the inclined roller cooperates with the material reversing mechanism to realize material reversal; The third frame 404 is used to install the second conveying mechanism 401 , the inclined roller 402 and the material reversing mechanism 403 .

[0027] In this embodiment, the reversing material conveyors 400 include at least two, one for reversing and sideways conveying of materials in the loading direction, and the other for reversing and sideways conveying of materials in the unloading direction.

[0028] Furthermore, the material reversing mechanism 403 in this embodiment includes a driver and a nylon wheel top. The driver is used to drive the nylon wheel top to extend and retract, and the extension and retraction direction of the nylon wheel top is perpendicular to the direction of material transportation on the second conveying mechanism 401. The driver in this embodiment can be an electric actuator, which is used to drive the nylon wheel top to extend and retract. When loading box materials, the box materials pass through the area where the inclined rollers 402 on the second conveying mechanism 401 are located. Under the action of the inclined rollers 402, the box materials are conveyed against the side walls of the rollers. The material reversing mechanism 403 is located in this side wall area. When the box materials reach the area where the material reversing mechanism 403 is located, the nylon wheel top extends outward, and under the action of the inclined rollers 402 and the nylon wheel top, the box materials are reversed. After the reversal is completed, the box materials continue to complete the remaining loading or unloading operations on the loading and unloading line.

[0029] Furthermore, since the inclined rollers 3 of the two reversing material conveyors in this embodiment have the same inclination angle, they will drive the box materials toward the same side dam during loading operations, and toward the other side dam during unloading operations. In this embodiment, the material reversing mechanisms 403 on the two reversing material conveyors are respectively arranged at the dams on different sides.

[0030] In this embodiment, rollers are provided under the third frame 404 to facilitate the reversing material conveyor 400 to follow the loading and unloading robot 700.

[0031] In this embodiment, a plurality of telescopic conveyors 500 are provided on the loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line. The telescopic conveyors 500 are provided with conveying rollers, and rollers are provided under the frame of the telescopic conveyors 500 to facilitate the assembly of the telescopic conveyors 500 and the transfer along with the loading and unloading vehicle robot 700.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the box turning and material sorting conveyor 600 includes: The third conveying mechanism 601 is used to convey the materials along the loading direction or the unloading direction; The turning mechanism 602 is provided on the conveying mechanism; The first lifting baffle 603 and the second lifting baffle 604 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the turning mechanism 602, and are used to block the material to be turned at the position where the turning mechanism 602 is located; The third push plate 605 is provided at the end of the conveying mechanism 602 along the loading direction, and is used to reposition the flipped material so that it can smoothly enter the next station; The fourth frame 606 is used to install the third conveying mechanism 601 , the turning mechanism 602 , the first lifting baffle 603 , the second lifting baffle 604 and the third push plate 605 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the flipping mechanism 602 includes a base frame, a guide rail, a flipping frame, a seat bearing, a movable base plate, a flipping drive and a base plate drive; the base frame is arranged on the conveying mechanism, the guide rail and the base plate drive are both arranged on the base frame, the flipping frame is connected to the rotating shaft of the seat bearing, the seat bearing and the flipping drive are arranged on the movable base plate, and the movable base plate is slidably arranged on the guide rail; the flipping drive is used to drive the flipping frame to rotate around the rotating shaft of the seat bearing, and the rotation of the flipping frame realizes the flipping of the material; the base plate drive is connected to the movable base plate, and is used to drive the movable base plate to realize the conveying of the flipped material to the conveying mechanism.

[0034] It should be noted that the flipping frame includes a plurality of flipping teeth arranged in parallel, and the flipping teeth include two split teeth arranged perpendicular to each other. The flipping teeth are staggered on the third conveying mechanism 601 and are used to flip the material to be flipped on the third conveying mechanism 601 by 90 degrees. The multiple flipping teeth on the flipping frame can be staggered in the gaps between the rollers on the roller conveyor. During the rotation of the flipping frame, the split teeth of one row of flipping teeth will drive the box-shaped material to flip, while the split teeth of the other row of flipping teeth will support the box-shaped material. During the rotation of the flipping frame, the box-shaped material can be transferred to the third conveying mechanism 601 by moving the bottom plate. The box-shaped material falls directly onto the third conveying mechanism 601. When the flipping frame completes the 90-degree flip, the flipping process of the box-shaped material is completed.

[0035] Furthermore, rollers are provided under the fourth frame 606 in this embodiment to facilitate the transfer of the box turning and material sorting conveyor 600 following the loading and unloading robot 700.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the loading and unloading robot 700 includes: The loading and unloading trolley 701 is provided with a walking mechanism 702 below the loading and unloading trolley 701 for enabling the loading and unloading robot to walk; A robotic arm 703 is provided on the loading and unloading trolley 701; A clamp 704 is provided at the end of the robotic arm 703; The clearance lights 705 are provided on the loading and unloading trolley 701 and are used to indicate the operating status of the loading and unloading trolley 701; The distance measuring light switch 706 is provided on the loading and unloading trolley 701 and is used to detect the position of the loading and unloading trolley 701 relative to the container and provide coordinate data for the movement of the loading and unloading trolley 701. In this embodiment, there are five distance measuring light switches 706, which are provided at the four corner points and the front end of the loading and unloading trolley 701 to achieve all-round position detection and ensure that the loading and unloading trolley 701 does not collide with the container or stacked boxes. Laser radar 707, installed on the loading and unloading trolley 701, is used to identify the internal space of the container and the location of the containers; Industrial camera assembly 708, installed on the loading and unloading trolley 701, is used to detect the posture of boxes when loading or to detect labels on boxes when unloading; The control cabinet 709 is installed on the loading and unloading trolley 701 and is used to receive information from the ranging light switch 706, the laser radar 707 and the industrial camera assembly 708 and control the mechanical arm 703 and the clamp 704 to grab materials for loading and unloading; The fourth conveying mechanism 710 is provided on the loading and unloading trolley 701 and is connected to the loading and unloading trolley conveying line.

[0037] In this embodiment, a lifting barrier 800 is provided between the box turning and material sorting conveyor 600 and the loading and unloading robot 700 to block the materials and facilitate the industrial camera assembly 708 to detect the materials.

[0038] In addition, the loading and unloading robot in this embodiment also includes a vacuum pump 713, a fourth push plate 714 and a lifting ring 715. The vacuum pump 713 is the power source of the clamp. The fourth push plate 714 is used to integrate the boxes on the fourth conveying mechanism 710 to facilitate clamping by the clamp 704. A plurality of lifting rings 715 are arranged around the loading and unloading trolley 701. External lifting equipment can move the loading and unloading trolley 701 through the lifting ring, thereby transferring the loading and unloading robot 700.

[0039] In addition, the loading and unloading robot in this embodiment further includes a lighting lamp 711 and a camera 712 for monitoring the operation process of the loading and unloading robot; The lighting lamp 711 is provided on the loading and unloading trolley 701 and is used to illuminate the interior space of the container; The camera 712 is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley 701 and is used to transmit the working status of the loading and unloading robot in real time.

[0040] In this embodiment, the traveling mechanism 702 includes a steering wheel and a steering wheel driver provided below the loading and unloading trolley 701 , and the steering wheel is connected to the steering wheel driver.

[0041] Further, if Figure 7 As shown, the industrial camera assembly 708 includes a first mounting block 708.1, a first round rod 708.2, a second mounting block 708.3, a second round rod 708.4 and an industrial camera body 708.5; The first mounting block 708.1 is rotatably mounted on the first round rod 708.2 and is movably mounted along the length of the first round rod 708.2. The industrial camera body 708.5 is arranged on the first mounting block 708.1, and the first round rod 708.2 is connected to the second mounting block 708.3; The second mounting block 708 . 3 is adjustably arranged along the length direction of the second round rod 708 . 4 , and the second round rod 708 . 4 is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley 701 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the industrial camera assembly 708 can detect the posture of the boxes and determine whether there are any abnormalities in the boxes. If there are any abnormalities, manual intervention can be performed and the boxes can be assembled using the fourth push plate 714.

[0043] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for automatic loading and unloading of boxes and containers using the above-mentioned automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers, including a loading method and an unloading method.

[0044] The steps of the loading method include: The depalletizing equipment divides each layer of the pallet material into several groups, grabs them and places them on the conveyor line to complete the depalletizing; The unpacking and sorting conveyor 200 uses the independently operated conveying rollers on the first conveying mechanism 202 to separate the box materials one by one and convey them to the right-angle conveyor 300 through the belt conveyor 201; The right-angle conveyor 300 conveys the materials to the reversing material conveyor 400, which reverses the materials as needed and conveys them sideways. The long-distance linear transportation of materials is completed by the telescopic conveyor 500 until the box turning and material sorting conveyor 600; The box turning and material sorting conveyor 600 turns the materials as needed, and then pushes the materials to the location of the loading and unloading robot 700; The loading and unloading robot 700 grabs the material with the clamp 702 and moves based on the coordinate data provided by the ranging light switch 706. It scans the spatial coordinates of the area to be palletized using a laser radar and calculates the palletizing method that maximizes the utilization of the loading space through an optimization algorithm, and then palletizes the material. During the operation of the loading and unloading robot, the front camera 712 can transmit the loading screen to the display screen in real time, which is convenient for remote monitoring by the staff.

[0045] The steps of the unloading method include: The loading and unloading robot 700 moves based on the coordinate data provided by the ranging optical switch 706. It uses the laser radar to scan the spatial coordinates of the area to be stacked, obtains the current material wall point cloud data, processes the point cloud data, determines the material unloading order, and places the materials onto the fourth conveying mechanism 710 using a clamp. The industrial camera component determines whether the material needs to be turned over or reversed, and then conveys the material to the loading and unloading conveyor line. The material is then conveyed to the position of the depalletizing material conveyor 200 via the box turning material conveyor 600, the reversing material conveyor 400, the telescopic conveyor 500 and the right-angle conveyor 300; The material sorting conveyor 200 at the de-palletizing position arranges the materials through the box assembly mechanism 203, and then the de-palletizing device 100 clamps the materials and performs palletizing.

[0046] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers, characterized in that: include: A loading and unloading conveyor line, which is connected to the container and is used to transport materials for loading and unloading; A pallet depalletizing device (100), the pallet depalletizing device (100) being arranged at one end of a loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line away from the container, and being used for depalletizing materials and placing them on the loading and unloading vehicle conveyor line; The loading and unloading conveyor line is provided with a material conveyor (200) for de-stacking, a right-angle conveyor (300), a material conveyor for reversing (400), a telescopic conveyor (500) and a material conveyor for turning over (600). The material conveyor (200) for de-stacking, a right-angle conveyor (300), a material conveyor for reversing (400), a telescopic conveyor (500) and a material conveyor for turning over (600) cooperate to realize the conveying, reversing, turning over and shaping of materials. The loading and unloading robot (700) is arranged near a container and is used for loading or unloading materials.

2. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The de-stacking material handling conveyor (200) comprises: A belt conveyor (201) is provided on a first frame (204); A first conveying mechanism (202) includes a plurality of independently operating conveying rollers, wherein the plurality of independently operating conveying rollers cooperate to separate a plurality of boxes during loading; A box assembly mechanism (203) comprises a first push plate and a first driving member, wherein the first push plate and the first driving member cooperate to integrate multiple boxes during the unloading process; The first frame (204) is used to install the belt conveyor (201), the conveying mechanism (202) and the box assembly mechanism (203).

3. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The right-angle conveyor (300) comprises: A modular belt (301) is provided at a right-angle turning position of the loading and unloading conveyor line and is used to bring the boxes into the loading direction; A box pushing mechanism (302) is provided above the module belt (301), and the box pushing mechanism (302) comprises a second push plate and a second driving member, and the second push plate and the second driving member cooperate to push the box toward the unloading direction; A guardrail (303) is provided on the module belt and is perpendicular to the second push plate; The second frame (304) is used to install the module belt (301), the box pushing mechanism (302) and the guardrail (303).

4. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reversing material conveyor (400) comprises: A second conveying mechanism (401) is provided with a roller for conveying materials and ribs provided on both sides of the roller; An inclined roller (402) is provided on the second conveying mechanism to replace a section of the roller and is used to convey the material sideways; A material reversing mechanism (403) is provided on the retaining edge at the position of the inclined roller, and the inclined roller cooperates with the material reversing mechanism to realize material reversal; The third frame (404) is used to install the second conveying mechanism (401), the inclined roller (402) and the material reversing mechanism (403).

5. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box turning and material sorting conveyor (600) comprises: A third conveying mechanism (601) is used to convey materials along a loading direction or an unloading direction; A turning mechanism (602) is provided on the conveying mechanism; A first lifting baffle (603) and a second lifting baffle (604) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the turning mechanism (602) and are used to block the material to be turned at the position where the turning mechanism (602) is located; A third push plate (605) is provided at the end of the conveying mechanism (602) along the loading direction, and is used to reposition the turned material so that it can smoothly enter the next station; The fourth frame (606) is used to install the third conveying mechanism (601), the turning mechanism (602), the first lifting baffle (603), the second lifting baffle (604) and the third push plate (605).

6. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The loading and unloading robot (700) comprises: A loading and unloading trolley (701) is provided with a walking mechanism (702) below the loading and unloading trolley (701) for enabling the loading and unloading robot to walk; A robotic arm (703) is provided on the loading and unloading trolley (701); A clamp (704) is provided at the end of the robotic arm (703); A clearance light (705) is provided on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to display the operating status of the loading and unloading trolley (701); A distance measuring light switch (706) is provided on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to detect the position of the loading and unloading trolley (701) relative to the container and provide coordinate data for the movement of the loading and unloading trolley (701); A laser radar (707) is provided on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to identify the interior space of the container and the location of the container parts; An industrial camera assembly (708) is provided on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to detect the posture of boxes when loading or to detect labels on boxes when unloading; A control cabinet (709) is provided on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to receive information from the ranging light switch (706), the laser radar (707) and the industrial camera assembly (708) and control the mechanical arm (703) and the clamp (704) to grab materials for loading and unloading; The fourth conveying mechanism (710) is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is connected to the loading and unloading trolley conveying line.

7. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The loading and unloading robot further includes a lighting lamp (711) and a camera (712); The lighting lamp (711) is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to illuminate the interior space of the container; The camera (712) is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley (701) and is used to transmit the working conditions of the loading and unloading robot in real time.

8. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (702) comprises a steering wheel and a steering wheel driver arranged below the loading and unloading trolley (701), and the steering wheel is connected to the steering wheel driver.

9. The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The industrial camera assembly (708) comprises a first mounting block (708.1), a first round rod (708.2), a second mounting block (708.3), a second round rod (708.4) and an industrial camera body (708.5); The first mounting block (708.1) is rotatably arranged on the first round rod (708.2) and is movably arranged along the length direction of the first round rod (708.2); The industrial camera body (708.5) is arranged on the first mounting block (708.1), and the first round rod (708.2) is connected to the second mounting block (708.3); The second mounting block (708.3) is adjustably arranged along the length direction of the second round rod (708.4), and the second round rod (708.4) is arranged on the loading and unloading trolley (701).

10. A method for automatically loading and unloading boxes and containers, characterized in that: The automatic loading and unloading system for boxes and containers as described in claims 1-9 is used.

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