Ventilation type projectile body and icebreaking water outlet test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation type projectile body and an icebreaking water outlet test device. The ventilation type projectile body comprises an inner rod body, an outer rod body, a plurality of communicating pipelines and an adjusting structure, and an air storage cavity is formed in the inner rod body; the outer rod body is sleeved on the inner rod body; a plurality of communicating pipelines are arranged on the side wall of the outer rod body, each communicating pipeline is provided with an air outlet end and an air inlet end, the air inlet ends are connected with the air storage cavity, and the air outlet ends are rotationally connected with the outer rod body, penetrate through the outer rod body and extend to the outer side of the outer rod body; the adjusting structure is connected with the inner rod body and the outer rod body and can drive the inner rod body to axially move relative to the outer rod body so as to drive the air outlet end to rotate by a set angle relative to the outer rod body. According to the invention, the ventilation effect of the ventilation type projectile body can be flexibly adjusted according to different test conditions, the distribution and direction of cavitation airflow are adjusted, and diversified test requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater navigation bodies emerging from water and breaking ice, and in particular to a ventilated projectile and an icebreaking and emerging from water test device. Background Art

[0002] In polar navigation, marine resource development, and underwater weapon launches, vehicles encounter significant fluid resistance during high-speed water exits or icebreaking, severely impacting motion stability and energy efficiency. Traditional drag reduction methods (such as shape optimization and surface coatings) have limited effectiveness in these conditions. Cavitation drag reduction technology, however, significantly reduces frictional resistance by forming a gas-liquid mixing layer between the water and the moving object, and has become a research hotspot in recent years.

[0003] For the icebreaking and water-exiting test of slender bodies, a fixed air outlet structure is generally adopted for slender bodies. The main function of the air outlet structure is to produce a cavitation effect, thereby facilitating the testing and evaluation of the icebreaking effect. For example, the patent with publication number CN111028649B provides an underwater high-speed motion experimental model with air outlet at the head, which includes a warhead, a sealing section and a body; the warhead is made of porous titanium; a cavity is provided inside the body; a first air vent connected to the cavity is provided at the tail end of the sealing section, a second air vent connected to the warhead is provided at the head end of the sealing section, and a transverse air vent is also provided on the sealing section; a rebound spring, a sealing valve plug and a round ball are provided in the transverse air vent, and when the rebound spring is compressed, the sealing valve plug blocks the inner section of the transverse air vent, and the cavity is sealed; when the test model leaves the launcher, the rebound spring rebounds, the sealing valve plug moves outward, and the inner section of the transverse air vent connects the first air vent and the second air vent; the gas escapes from the cavity into the porous titanium structure of the warhead, escapes from the porous titanium structure, forms cavitation, and gradually wraps the entire model; the model can generate bubbles from the head when it leaves the launcher, ensuring sufficient gas volume, and can be used multiple times with easy operation.

[0004] However, in the existing technology of slender body icebreaking water test, the design of the projectile with fixed vent holes has certain limitations and cannot flexibly adapt to the changes in various test conditions and requirements, which to a certain extent limits the diversity of the test. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a ventilated projectile and ice-breaking water test device to solve the technical problem that the test projectile in the prior art uses fixed vent holes, cannot flexibly adapt to various test conditions and changes in demand, and limits the diversity of the test.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a ventilated projectile, comprising: an inner rod body, an outer rod body, a plurality of connecting pipes and an adjustment structure, wherein an air storage chamber is provided inside the inner rod body; the outer rod body is sleeved on the inner rod body; a plurality of connecting pipes are provided on the side wall of the outer rod body, the connecting pipes having an air outlet end and an air inlet end, the air inlet end is connected to the air storage chamber, the air outlet end is rotatably connected to the outer rod body, passes through the outer rod body and extends to the outside of the outer rod body; the adjustment structure connects the inner rod body and the outer rod body, and can drive the inner rod body to axially displace relative to the outer rod body, so as to drive the air outlet end to rotate relative to the outer rod body by a set angle.

[0007] In some embodiments, at least one vent is provided in sequence along the axial direction on the outer side of the outer rod, each vent is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes distributed along the circumference of the outer rod, and the position of the air storage cavity corresponds to each vent.

[0008] In some embodiments, the connecting pipe includes a rigid tube body and a flexible tube body, one end of the rigid tube body is rotatably connected to the outer rod body, and the other end is connected to one end of the flexible tube body, and one end of the flexible tube body is connected to the inner rod body and connected to the air storage chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ventilated body further includes a plurality of limiting structures, which are respectively arranged on the outside of the inner rod body at positions corresponding to each of the connecting pipes. The side wall of the rigid tube body is provided with a sliding groove along its axial direction, and the limiting structure is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, a through hole is formed at a position of the outer rod body corresponding to the communicating pipe, and the diameter of the through hole is 2-3 times the diameter of the communicating pipe.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ventilated elastic body further includes a plurality of sealing members, which are arranged between the through hole and the connecting pipe to seal the gap between the connecting pipe and the through hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the adjustment structure includes a threaded sleeve and an adjustment block. The threaded sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the inner rod body and is threadedly connected to the inner rod body. The adjustment block is arranged at the end of the outer rod body and is connected to the threaded sleeve. The inner rod body and the outer rod body are slidably matched. The adjustment block is used to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, so as to drive the inner rod body to slide axially relative to the outer rod body.

[0013] In some embodiments, a vent is formed at the connection between the inner rod body and the connecting pipe, and the vent includes a first vent group and a second vent group, and the first vent group and the second vent group are alternately arranged along the circumference of the inner rod body; the vent body also includes a sealing structure, and the sealing structure includes a first blocking member and a second blocking member, the first blocking member has a first blocking end corresponding to the first vent group, and the second blocking member has a second blocking end corresponding to the second vent group, and the first blocking member and the second blocking member can move independently relative to the inner rod body to selectively close or open the first vent group or the second vent group through the first blocking end or the second blocking end.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first air hole group includes a plurality of first holes arranged axially along the inner rod body, the first blocking member is slidably connected to the inner rod body, and can slide along the axial direction of the inner rod body to seal or open part of the first holes of each first air hole group; the second air hole group includes a plurality of second holes arranged axially along the inner rod body, the second blocking member is slidably connected to the inner rod body, and can slide along the axial direction of the inner rod body to seal or open part of the second holes of each second air hole group.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an ice-breaking water-release test device, comprising a ventilated projectile as described in any one of the above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the ventilated projectile and ice-breaking water-discharging test device provided by the present invention are provided with an inner rod body, an outer rod body, a plurality of connecting pipes and an adjustment structure. During the specific operation of the ventilated projectile, the gas in the gas storage chamber is released to the outer wall of the outer rod body through the connecting pipe, forming a cavitation airflow, which helps to reduce the fluid resistance when the projectile is discharging water or breaking ice. By adjusting the adjustment structure, the position of the inner rod body relative to the outer rod body can be changed, thereby driving the air outlet end of the connecting pipe to rotate relative to the outer rod body, adjusting the distribution and direction of the cavitation airflow to adapt to different test conditions. This allows the present solution to flexibly adjust the ventilation effect of the ventilated projectile according to different test conditions, thereby meeting diverse test needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a ventilated projectile provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the warhead position of the ventilated projectile provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram; Figure 4 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment structure of a ventilated elastic body provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealing structure of the ventilated elastic body provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of a sealing structure of a ventilated elastic body provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the ice-breaking water discharge test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1. Inner rod; 11. Gas storage chamber; 12. Gas supply interface; 2. Outer rod; 21. Through hole; 3. Connecting pipe; 31. Rigid tube; 311. Slide; 32. Flexible tube; 4. Adjustment structure; 41. Threaded sleeve; 42. Adjustment block; 5. Limiting structure; 51. Limiting frame; 52. Slider; 6. Seal; 61. Inner layer of bladder skin; 62. Outer rubber layer; 7. Blocking structure; 71. First blocking member; 711. Movable rod; 712. First blocking block; 72. Second blocking member; 721. Movable sleeve; 722. Second blocking block; 8. Vent; 9. Gas storage chamber; 101. Water tank; 102. Air source; 103. Launch cylinder; 104. Ice plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] In order to solve the technical problem that the test projectile adopts fixed ventilation holes and cannot flexibly adapt to the changes in various test conditions and requirements, thereby limiting the diversity of the test, the present invention provides a ventilated projectile and an ice-breaking water-discharging test device, which can flexibly adjust the ventilation effect of the ventilated projectile according to different test conditions, adjust the distribution and direction of the cavitation airflow, and meet diverse test needs.

[0021] It should be noted that the ventilated projectile described in the present invention is used for but not limited to icebreaking water test, etc. For the convenience of explanation, in the present invention, only the application of the ventilated projectile in icebreaking water test is used as an example for explanation. The principles of applying the ventilated projectile to other types of tests or underwater navigation are essentially the same as those applied to the icebreaking water test, and will not be elaborated here.

[0022] See also Figure 1In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ventilated projectile, comprising: an inner rod body 1, an outer rod body 2, a plurality of connecting pipes 3 and an adjusting structure 4, wherein an air storage chamber 11 is provided inside the inner rod body 1; the outer rod body 2 is sleeved on the outside of the inner rod body 1; a plurality of connecting pipes 3 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the outer rod body 2, the connecting pipe 3 having an air outlet end and an air inlet end, the air inlet end being connected to the air storage chamber 11, the air outlet end being rotatably connected to the outer rod body 2, and passing through the outer rod body 2 and extending to the outside of the outer rod body 2 to generate cavitation airflow acting on the outer wall of the outer rod body 2; the adjusting structure 4 connects the inner rod body 1 and the outer rod body 2, and can drive the inner rod body 1 to axially displace relative to the outer rod body 2, so as to drive the air outlet end to rotate relative to the outer rod body 2 by a set angle.

[0023] In this device, an inner rod body 1 and an outer rod body 2 are provided that are sleeved together, and an air storage chamber 11 is provided in the inner rod body 1. The air inlet ends of several connecting pipes 3 are connected to the air storage chamber 11. The air storage chamber 11 serves as an intermediate chamber, which is used to connect the air source and provide the gas required for launch to each connecting pipe 3. The air outlet end penetrates the outer rod body 2 and extends to the outside of the outer rod body 2. The gas in the air storage chamber 11 can be released to the outer wall of the outer rod body 2 through the connecting pipe 3. Several connecting pipes 3 are evenly distributed on the outer rod body 2, and can form cavitation airflow on the outer wall of the outer rod body 2, which helps to reduce the fluid resistance of the projectile when it comes out of water and breaks ice, thereby achieving the experimental purpose of reducing the fluid resistance when coming out of water or breaking ice. Since the air outlet end of the connecting pipe 3 is rotatably connected to the outer rod body 2, and the inner rod body 1 can be axially displaced relative to the outer rod body 2 under the action of the adjustment structure 4, the inner rod body 1 can drive the air outlet end of the connecting pipe 3 to rotate at a set angle relative to the outer rod body 2 during the displacement of the air inlet end of the connecting pipe 3, thereby changing the distribution and direction of the cavitation airflow, so as to carry out a variety of projectile breaking ice and water exit tests.

[0024] Preferably, in this embodiment, the inner rod body 1 and the outer rod body 2 are coaxially arranged to ensure the stability of the center of gravity of the projectile, and at the same time, facilitate unified control of the exhaust angle of the connecting pipe 3 through the inner rod body 1.

[0025] To meet experimental needs, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some possible embodiments, 1-5 ventilation portions are sequentially provided on the outer side of the outer rod body 2 along the axial direction, and each ventilation portion is arranged in an orderly manner at the shoulder position of the outer rod body 2, close to the bullet end of the outer rod body 2, wherein each ventilation portion is provided with 4-10 connecting pipes 3 distributed along the circumference of the outer rod body 2, and the air storage cavity 11 is a cylindrical cavity coaxially arranged with the inner rod body 1, and its length is greater than the distance between the topmost ventilation portion and the bottommost ventilation portion, and the position of the air storage cavity 11 corresponds to each ventilation portion, ensuring that each column of connecting pipes is arranged in parallel, so that the gas in the air storage cavity 11 can be evenly and stably supplied to the connecting pipe 3 of each ventilation portion.

[0026] Further, see Figure 2 In some possible embodiments, the top end of the inner rod body 1 may be provided with a gas supply port 12 for connecting to a gas source to fill the gas storage chamber 11 with high-pressure gas, ensuring sufficient gas supply during launch and when the ventilated projectile is released from the water and breaks ice. It should be noted that the gas source can be a high-pressure gas cylinder, compressor, or other structure capable of providing high-pressure gas to ensure that the gas storage chamber 11 always maintains sufficient compressed gas during launch and when the ventilated projectile is released from the water and breaks ice. Structures capable of providing high-pressure gas, such as a gas storage chamber equipped with elastic elements or a high-pressure airbag, can quickly release high-pressure gas when needed to meet the requirements of the ventilated projectile under different test conditions. The gas source can be positioned between the inner rod body 1 and the outer rod body 2, or it can be placed within the inner rod body 1. In this case, the outer rod body 2 will be provided with a port for supplying gas to the gas source, thereby storing the gas required for one or more tests. Alternatively, the gas source can be mounted on the test device and connected to the internal gas supply port 12 via a gas pipe.

[0027] Preferably, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the gas supply interface 12 provided at the top of the inner rod body 1 is connected to the preset gas storage chamber 9 inside it through a pipeline. Before conducting the water test, sufficient high-pressure gas is pre-filled into the gas storage chamber 9, and the release of the gas is controlled by a valve.

[0028] Furthermore, to enhance the structural strength and stability of the ventilated projectile, in other possible embodiments, reinforcing ribs or support structures may be provided between the inner rod 1 and the outer rod 2 to ensure that the inner and outer rods 1 and 2 maintain a relatively stable positional relationship during the release of high-pressure gas, thereby preventing structural deformation or failure caused by gas pressure. Furthermore, the provision of reinforcing ribs or support structures can also improve the overall rigidity and durability of the ventilated projectile, extending its service life.

[0029] In addition, to further improve gas utilization efficiency, a gas pressure regulating valve can be installed inside the inner rod 1 to precisely control the gas pressure in the gas storage chamber 11 according to test requirements. Furthermore, the ventilated projectile can be equipped with an intelligent control system that, through a preset program, automatically adjusts the axial displacement of the inner rod 1, the rotation angle of the outlet end of the connecting pipe 3, and the gas pressure in the gas storage chamber 11, achieving precise control of the cavitation flow and meeting the diverse requirements of projectile ice-breaking and water-exit tests.

[0030] In order to achieve precise adjustment of the exhaust angle of the communicating pipe 3, preferably, refer to Figures 1 to 3In this embodiment, the communicating pipe 3 is composed of a rigid pipe body 31 and a flexible pipe body 32. The rigid pipe body 31 is used to connect the outer rod body 2, and one end of the rigid pipe body 31 is rotatably connected to the outer rod body 2 to provide a stable support and rotation basis; the flexible pipe body 32 is arranged at the connection port of the inner rod body 1, and connects the other end of the rigid pipe body 31 with the air storage chamber 11. It is a rubber hose or a bellows with good flexibility and sealing. When the inner rod body 1 is axially displaced relative to the outer rod body 2, it can elongate, shorten or bend along with the movement of the inner rod body 1, while maintaining the gas connectivity between the air storage chamber 11 and the communicating pipe 3, ensuring that the gas can smoothly enter the rigid pipe body 31 from the air storage chamber 11 through the flexible pipe body 32, and finally be released from the air outlet end of the communicating pipe 3 to the outer wall of the outer rod body 2.

[0031] Due to the provision of the flexible tube body 32, when the inner rod body 1 moves axially relative to the outer rod body 2, the rotation angles of the respective rigid tube bodies 31 may differ. To achieve more precise angle adjustment, in some possible embodiments, a limiting structure 5 is provided for controlling the angle of the rigid tube body 31 by the displacement of the inner rod body 1. Several limiting structures 5 are disposed on the outer side of the inner rod body 1 at positions corresponding to the respective connecting pipes 3. The sidewalls of the rigid tube bodies 31 are provided with slidable grooves 311 along their axial direction, and the limiting structures 5 are slidably connected to the slidable grooves 311. The design of the limiting structures 5 can limit the rotation range of the rigid tube body 31 when the inner rod body 1 is axially displaced, thereby ensuring that the outlet end of each connecting pipe 3 can rotate according to a predetermined angle, thereby achieving precise control of the direction and distribution of the cavitation airflow.

[0032] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the limiting structure 5 includes a limiting frame 51 and a slider 52. The limiting frame 51 is mounted on the inner rod 1. Each rigid tube 31 has a slider 52 on both sides. The slider 52 is fixed to the limiting frame 51 and is slidably connected to the slide grooves 311 on both sides of the rigid tube 31. When the inner rod 1 moves axially, the limiting frame 51 drives the slider 52 to slide within the slide groove 311. Due to the restrictive effect of the slide groove 311, the slider 52 can only move along the predetermined path of the slide groove 311, thereby driving the rigid tube 31 to rotate a predetermined angle relative to the outer rod 2, ensuring the accurate rotation of the outlet end of the connecting pipe 3.

[0033] Of course, in other possible embodiments, the specific forms of the communicating pipe 3 and the limiting structure 5 are not limited thereto, and other structures capable of achieving similar functions may also be adopted.

[0034] To prevent water from entering the rod through the connecting pipe 3 during underwater testing, in some possible embodiments, a one-way valve is installed at the outlet of the rigid tube 31 to prevent water from entering. Furthermore, a drainage hole is provided on the outer rod 2 to allow even a small amount of water to drain out through the hole. After each test, the drain hole can be opened to remove any accumulated water, ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0035] To adapt to the flexible installation of the rigid tube 31, please refer to Figure 3 In some possible embodiments, a plurality of through-holes 21 are provided on the sidewall of the outer rod 2 at locations where ventilation is required. These through-holes 21 correspond to the locations of the connecting pipe 3, and the diameter of the through-holes 21 is 2-3 times the diameter of the connecting pipe 3. Both sides of the rigid tube 31 are rotatably connected to the walls of the through-holes 21 via a rotating shaft. The design of the through-holes 21 provides a certain amount of movement for the connecting pipe 3, allowing the rigid tube 31 to rotate a certain angle relative to the outer rod 2. This allows the outlet end of the connecting pipe 3 to rotate smoothly within the through-holes 21 as it moves with the inner rod 1, without being obstructed by the walls of the through-hole 21.

[0036] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the through hole 21 does not get water in during the underwater operation of the projectile, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some possible embodiments, the ventilated projectile further includes a plurality of seals 6, which are arranged between the through hole 21 and the connecting pipe 3 to seal the gap between the connecting pipe and the through hole 21 to prevent moisture from penetrating into the interior of the outer rod body 2 through the through hole 21, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the ventilated projectile when operating underwater.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, seal 6 employs a double-layer seal, comprising an inner bladder layer 61 and an outer rubber layer 62. The outer rubber layer 62, which fills through-hole 21, is made of a durable, wear-resistant rubber material, such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutylene rubber, or nitrile rubber, to ensure the long-term effectiveness of seal 6. The inner bladder layer 61 is disposed on the inner side of the outer rubber layer 62, sealingly connecting the rigid tube 31 and the outer rod 2, further enhancing the sealing effect at through-hole 21.

[0038] Of course, in other possible embodiments, the seal 6 can also be made of a rubber ring, an O-ring or other sealing components with good elasticity and sealing performance, alone or in combination, to ensure that it can effectively fill the gap between the through hole 21 and the connecting pipe 3 to prevent moisture penetration.

[0039] In order to adjust the position of the inner rod 1 and thus adjust the exhaust angle of the connecting pipe 3, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4In some possible embodiments, the adjustment structure 4 includes a threaded sleeve 41 and an adjustment block 42. The threaded sleeve 41 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rod body 1 and is threadedly connected to the inner rod body 1. The outer wall of the threaded sleeve 41 is rotated in conjunction with the inner wall of the outer rod body 2. A matching slide rail and slider 52 are provided between the inner rod body 1 and the outer rod body 2. The slide rail and slider 52 are respectively connected to the outer rod body 2 and the inner rod body 1, and the slide rail is arranged along the axial direction of the outer rod body 2 to ensure that the inner rod body 1 can only be axially rotated relative to the outer rod body 2. The adjusting block 42 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the outer rod body 2 and has a first engaging position and a second engaging position. In the first engaging position, the adjusting block 42 is only engaged with the threaded sleeve 41 and can be rotated to drive the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate. The adjusting block 42 is pushed upward in the first engaging position and can enter the second engaging position. In the second engaging position, the adjusting block 42 is engaged with both the threaded sleeve 41 and the outer rod body 2, thereby fixing the position of the threaded sleeve 41 and ensuring the stability of the position of the inner rod body 1. Similarly, the connection between the adjusting block 42 and the outer rod body 2 is sealed.

[0040] When the position of the inner rod body 1 needs to be adjusted, the adjusting block 42 is pushed down from the second engaging position to the first engaging position. At this time, the adjusting block 42 is rotated to drive the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate. Since the threaded sleeve 41 is threadedly connected to the inner rod body 1, the rotation of the threaded sleeve 41 will drive the inner rod body 1 to axially displace relative to the outer rod body 2, so that the inner rod body 1 can drive the other end of the rigid tube body 31 to move on the outer rod body 2 when moving up and down to adjust the angle of the rigid tube body 31, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the air outlet to conduct experiments in different water outlet or ice breaking scenes; after the inner rod body 1 moves to the desired position, the adjusting block 42 is pushed up to the second engaging position, so that the adjusting block 42 is engaged with the threaded sleeve 41 and the outer rod body 2 at the same time, thereby fixing the position of the inner rod body 1 and completing the adjustment of the exhaust angle of the connecting pipe 3.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 6In some possible embodiments, a plurality of vents 8 are formed at the connection between the inner rod body 1 and the connecting pipe 3. The plurality of vents 8 include a first vent group and a second vent group, wherein the first and second vent groups are alternately spaced along the circumference of the inner rod body 1. The vented body further includes a sealing structure 7, which includes a first blocking member 71 and a second blocking member 72. The first blocking member 71 has a first blocking end corresponding to the first vent group, and the second blocking member 72 has a second blocking end corresponding to the second vent group. The first blocking member 71 and the second blocking member 72 can independently move relative to the inner rod body 1 to selectively close or open the first or second vent group via the first or second blocking end. The first and second blocking members 71 and 72 can slide independently, enabling different sealing combinations. During water-out and ice-breaking tests, some of the vents 8 can be selectively closed to adjust the distribution and intensity of the cavitation flow, thereby simulating different water-out or ice-breaking conditions. For example, when the first pore group is closed by the first blocking member 71, the second pore group remains open, and gas is released only through the second pore group to the outer wall of the outer rod 2, forming a specific cavitation flow pattern. For another example, when the second pore group is closed by the second blocking member 72, the first pore group releases gas, generating another cavitation flow pattern. In another example, when the first and second pore groups are opened simultaneously, gas is released through both groups simultaneously, creating an even more intense cavitation flow effect. By alternately closing and opening different pore groups, it is possible to achieve diversified control of cavitation flow patterns to meet the needs of different test scenarios.

[0042] Furthermore, each first pore group includes a plurality of first pores arranged axially along the inner rod body 1. A first blocking member 71 is slidably connected to the inner rod body 1 and can slide axially along the inner rod body 1 to seal or open a portion of the first pores in each first pore group. Each second pore group includes a plurality of second pores arranged axially along the inner rod body 1. A second blocking member 72 is slidably connected to the inner rod body 1 and can slide axially along the inner rod body 1 to seal or open a portion of the second pores in each second pore group. When the first and second blocking members 71 and 72 slide along the axis of the inner rod body 1, they can selectively seal a portion or all of the first or second pores, respectively, to achieve more precise control of the cavitation flow. For example, to generate locally enhanced cavitation flow, the first and second blocking members 71 and 72 can be slid to open only a portion of the first and second pores, while the remaining first and second pores remain closed. Gas is then released only through the open pore groups, creating a specific cavitation flow distribution and helping to generate a cavitation effect in a specific test area. In addition, the sliding positions of the first blocking member 71 and the second blocking member 72 can be flexibly adjusted according to test requirements to achieve continuous changes in the intensity and distribution of the cavitation airflow, thereby meeting more complex test conditions.

[0043] It should be noted that this solution does not limit the number of communication channels 3 and vent holes 8, and can be reasonably designed based on the actual specifications of the projectile and usage requirements. However, the number of communication channels 3 in the circumferential direction of the outer rod 2 should be an even number to accommodate the alternating blocking requirements of the first blocking member 71 and the second blocking member 72.

[0044] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 Preferably, in this embodiment, the first blocking member 71 includes a movable rod 711 and a plurality of first blocking blocks 712 arranged on the outside of the movable rod 711, and the plurality of first blocking blocks 712 respectively correspond to the positions of the two first air hole groups, and can slide synchronously when the movable rod 711 slides to seal or open the corresponding first holes; the second blocking member 72 includes a movable sleeve 721 and a plurality of second blocking blocks 722 arranged on the movable sleeve 721, and the plurality of second blocking blocks 722 respectively correspond to the gaps in the first blocking blocks 712 and correspond to the plurality of second air hole groups, the movable sleeve 721 is fitted and arranged inside the inner rod body 1 and is slidably connected to the inner rod body 1, the movable rod 711 is arranged inside the movable sleeve 721 and is slidably connected to the movable sleeve 721, and one side of the first blocking block 712 and the second blocking block 722 are both fitted and slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner rod body 1. When the inner rod body 1 is filled with gas in the gas storage chamber 11, the opening and closing states of different groups of vent holes 8 can be controlled respectively by operating the first blocking member 71 and the second blocking member 72, thereby realizing the selective release of gas, so as to conduct experiments with different water outlet speeds or ice breaking strengths.

[0045] It should be noted that the sliding of the movable rod 711 and the movable sleeve 721 can be achieved by manual operation or electric drive. When manually operated, a detachable or fixed operating handle can be set at the bottom of the movable rod 711 or the movable sleeve 721, and the adjustment block 42 can be designed to be detachable. When the adjustment block 42 is removed from the bottom of the projectile, the tester can connect the operating handle to the movable rod 711 or the movable sleeve 721, and by holding and moving the operating handle, the movable rod 711 or the movable sleeve 721 is driven to slide on the inner rod body 1, thereby achieving the opening and closing control of the vent 8. Among them, a plurality of latches are arranged between the movable rod 711 and the movable sleeve 721 and between the movable sleeve 721 and the inner rod body 1. The latches are used to lock the position of the movable rod 711 and the movable sleeve 721 after they slide to the set position, preventing the first block 712 and the second block 722 from shifting in position under the action of gas pressure, ensuring that the vent 8 can be accurately closed or opened. When electrically driven, a transmission mechanism such as a micro motor, a lead screw, or a micro cylinder can be provided to convert the motor's rotational motion into linear motion of the movable rod 711 or the movable sleeve 721, thereby achieving automatic opening and closing of the vent hole 8. This design not only improves the degree of automation of the test, but also reduces the difficulty and labor intensity of the tester's operation.

[0046] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an ice-breaking water-release test device, comprising a ventilated projectile as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0047] See also Figure 1 and Figure 7 In some possible embodiments, the icebreaking and water-emerging test device further includes a water tank 101, an air source 102, and a launching air cylinder 103. The water tank 101 is used to contain test water, and an ice plate 104 is fixed on the water surface. The air source 102 is used to provide high-pressure gas, which is connected to the launching air cylinder 103 installed at the bottom of the water tank 101 through a pipeline. The launching air cylinder 103 is configured to place a ventilated projectile, and is used to launch the ventilated projectile, causing it to run underwater and hit the ice plate 104, simulating the process of the projectile emerging from the water and breaking ice.

[0048] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 7 The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: During a water-outlet and ice-breaking test, the ventilated projectile is mounted on the launch cylinder 103 of the experimental pool. First, high-pressure gas is injected into the gas storage chamber 9 through a connector to ensure that the gas pressure reaches the required experimental standard. Next, the angle of the air outlet is adjusted using the adjustment structure 4 according to the specific experimental requirements. The adjustment block 42 is rotated to drive the threaded sleeve 41, thereby driving the inner rod 1 to move up and down within the outer rod 2. Since one end of the rigid tube 31 is connected to the inner rod 1 via a stopper structure 5, the inner rod 1 can move the other end of the rigid tube 31 on the outer rod 2 during its up and down movement, allowing the air outlet angle of the rigid tube 31 to be precisely adjusted to suit different water-outlet or ice-breaking experimental scenarios. Furthermore, the opening and closing of the air outlet can be precisely controlled using the blocking structure 7. Depending on the experimental water-outlet speed or ice-breaking intensity, the first blocking member 71 and the second blocking member 72 are operated to control the opening and closing of different groups of air outlets, respectively, to achieve selective gas release.

[0049] Once everything is ready, the valve on air source 102 is activated, and the ventilated projectile emerges from the pool or breaks ice at high speed. The high-pressure gas in air storage chamber 9 is evenly released through connecting pipe 3 to the outside of the ventilated projectile, forming a cavitation layer. During the test, a data acquisition device can be used to observe and record the ventilated projectile's water exit speed, ice-breaking effect, and cavitation layer formation in real time. By comparing data under different test conditions, the actual effect of cavitation drag reduction technology and its applicability in different water exit or ice-breaking scenarios can be deeply analyzed.

[0050] The present invention comprises an inner rod 1, an outer rod 2, a plurality of connecting pipes 3, and an adjustment structure 4. During the specific operation of the ventilated projectile, the gas in the gas storage chamber 11 is released through the connecting pipe 3 to the outer wall of the outer rod 2, forming a cavitation flow, which helps to reduce the fluid resistance of the projectile when it emerges from water or breaks through ice. By adjusting the adjustment structure 4, the position of the inner rod 1 relative to the outer rod 2 can be changed, thereby driving the outlet end of the connecting pipe 3 to rotate relative to the outer rod 2, adjusting the distribution and direction of the cavitation flow to adapt to different test conditions. This allows the present solution to flexibly adjust the ventilation effect of the ventilated projectile according to different test conditions, thereby meeting diverse test requirements.

[0051] Through its unique structural design, the present invention enables precise adjustment of the outlet angle and accurate control of gas release, providing more flexible and diverse experimental conditions for slender body icebreaking experiments. This invention not only improves the accuracy and reliability of experiments, but also provides strong support for technological advancements in polar navigation, marine resource development, and underwater weapon launch.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0054] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilated projectile, characterized in that: include: An inner rod body, with an air storage chamber inside; An outer rod body, sleeved on the inner rod body; a plurality of communication pipes provided on the side wall of the outer rod body, the communication pipes having an air outlet end and an air inlet end, the air inlet end being connected to the air storage chamber, the air outlet end being rotatably connected to the outer rod body, passing through the outer rod body and extending to the outside of the outer rod body; and The adjusting structure connects the inner rod body and the outer rod body, and can drive the inner rod body to axially displace relative to the outer rod body, so as to drive the air outlet end to rotate relative to the outer rod body to a set angle.

2. The ventilated bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one ventilation portion is sequentially provided on the outer side of the outer rod body along the axial direction, each ventilation portion is provided with a plurality of communication pipes distributed along the circumference of the outer rod body, and the position of the air storage cavity corresponds to each ventilation portion.

3. The ventilated bomb according to claim 1, wherein: The communicating pipe includes a rigid tube body and a flexible tube body, one end of the rigid tube body is rotatably connected to the outer rod body, and the other end is connected to one end of the flexible tube body, and one end of the flexible tube body is connected to the inner rod body and communicated with the air storage chamber.

4. The ventilated bomb according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilated body also includes a plurality of limiting structures, which are respectively arranged on the outside of the inner rod body at positions corresponding to each of the connecting pipes. The side wall of the rigid tube body is provided with a sliding groove along its axial direction, and the limiting structure is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

5. The ventilated bomb according to claim 1, wherein: A through hole is formed at a position of the outer rod body corresponding to the communicating pipe, and the diameter of the through hole is 2-3 times the diameter of the communicating pipe.

6. The ventilated bomb according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilated elastic body further includes a plurality of sealing members, which are arranged between the through hole and the communicating pipe and are used to seal the gap between the communicating pipe and the through hole.

7. The ventilated bomb according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustment structure includes a threaded sleeve and an adjustment block. The threaded sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the inner rod body and is threadedly connected to the inner rod body. The adjustment block is arranged at the end of the outer rod body and is connected to the threaded sleeve. The inner rod body and the outer rod body are slidably matched. The adjustment block is used to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate to drive the inner rod body to slide axially relative to the outer rod body.

8. The ventilated bomb according to claim 1, wherein: A vent is formed at the connection between the inner rod and the communicating pipe, wherein the vent includes a first vent group and a second vent group, and the first vent group and the second vent group are alternately arranged along the circumference of the inner rod; The ventilated elastomer also includes a sealing structure, which includes a first blocking member and a second blocking member, the first blocking member having a first blocking end corresponding to the first air hole group, and the second blocking member having a second blocking end corresponding to the second air hole group, the first blocking member and the second blocking member can move independently relative to the inner rod body to selectively close or open the first air hole group or the second air hole group through the first blocking end or the second blocking end.

9. The ventilated bomb according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first air hole group includes a plurality of first holes arranged along the axial direction of the inner rod body, and the first blocking member is slidably connected to the inner rod body and can slide along the axial direction of the inner rod body to seal or open part of the first holes of each first air hole group; The second pore group includes a plurality of second pores arranged axially along the inner rod body. The second blocking member is slidably connected to the inner rod body and can slide axially along the inner rod body to seal or open part of the second pores of each second pore group.

10. An ice-breaking water discharge test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ventilated elastic body as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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