Soil detector for photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and discloses a soil detector for a photovoltaic power station, the soil detector comprises a shell, the top surface of the shell is provided with a data line; a detection assembly arranged from top to bottom is installed in the shell. The detection assembly comprises a box body, a port of the box body faces the side face of the shell, the top face and the bottom face of the box body are provided with first line holes for a data line to penetrate through, and the port of the box body is provided with a box cover. A circuit board is installed in the box body, three probes are arranged on the circuit board, the probes penetrate out of the box cover and extend out of the shell, and the probes are laterally inserted into soil to be detected; the photovoltaic power station soil detector realizes multi-parameter detection; the detection end takes a single-chip microcomputer and a CPLD module as the core and combines the principles of parallel plate capacitance, capacitive reactance and a thermistor, soil moisture, conductivity and temperature are synchronously detected, deviation of a lateral probe is reduced, and digital signal transmission is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to a soil detector for a photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] During the construction and operation of photovoltaic power plants, soil moisture, conductivity, and temperature are key environmental parameters that influence the stability of photovoltaic module installation, the growth of surrounding vegetation, and the overall operational efficiency of the power plant. Accurately measuring these soil parameters provides crucial data support for optimizing photovoltaic power plant site selection, regulating irrigation systems, and predicting equipment failures. Therefore, high standards are placed on the accuracy and efficiency of soil testing equipment. However, current soil testing equipment on the market still suffers from technical flaws, making it difficult to meet the actual testing needs of photovoltaic power plants. Existing equipment often inserts probes vertically into the soil, a method that is susceptible to the soil's surface structure and tightness, resulting in uneven contact between the probe and the soil, which can lead to deviations in test data. In summary, developing a soil detection device that can simultaneously and accurately detect soil moisture, conductivity, and temperature, and has a reasonable probe insertion method and stable signal transmission capability, has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil detector for photovoltaic power stations to solve the problem that the probes of existing equipment proposed in the above background technology are mostly inserted vertically into the soil, which easily causes deviation in detection data.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a soil detector for a photovoltaic power station, comprising a shell, with a data cable installed on the top surface of the shell; detection components arranged from top to bottom are installed in the shell, and the detection components are equally spaced; the detection components include a box body, the port of the box body faces the side of the shell, the top and bottom surfaces of the box body are provided with first wire holes for passing the data cable, and the port of the box body is installed with a box cover; a circuit board is installed in the box body, and three probes are provided on the circuit board. The probes pass through the box cover and extend outside the shell, and the probes are inserted into the soil to be tested from the side.

[0005] The second cover is connected to a positioning column, the lower end of the positioning column is connected to a fixing seat, the fixing seat is hinged with six third connecting rods, the middle section of the third connecting rod is hinged with a fourth connecting rod, and the upper end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with a catheter slidably connected to the positioning column. The side of the first square tube is connected to an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is fixed with a second square tube, the free end of the second square tube is connected to a third cover shell through a flange, the third cover shell is connected to a third tube, a detection component is installed in the third tube, the third tubes are connected by flanges, the last third tube is connected to a fourth cover shell, and the third cover shell has a fourth wire hole for installing a screw tube.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This photovoltaic power station soil detector, through innovative structural and functional features, achieves multi-dimensional, highly reliable soil testing. Relying on components such as a single-chip microcontroller and a CPLD module, and incorporating the principles of parallel plate capacitors, capacitive reactance, and thermistors, it simultaneously and accurately detects soil moisture, conductivity, and temperature. The lateral probe reduces deviation and ensures stable digital signal transmission. Regarding the housing, the bolted connection and sealant in the first embodiment enhance sealing and stability, while the waterproof cable hole structure provides enhanced protection. The flange connection design in the second embodiment supports customer-defined assembly, reducing costs. Regarding component protection, a telescopic mechanism allows probe retraction and extension, preventing corrosion and transport damage. The closed door assembly prevents soil ingress and scrapes away residual soil from the probe. The clamp cushions probe reaction forces, and a stopper secures the data cable to prevent strain. Furthermore, a barbed structure prevents instrument displacement. The horizontal detection design overcomes the limitations of vertical detection, enabling comprehensive acquisition of soil parameters. This overall enhances the device's practicality, reliability, and service life, meeting the requirements of photovoltaic power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this application.

[0008] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the detection component.

[0009] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the box body.

[0010] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the box.

[0011] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the box body.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rear cross-sectional structure of the detection component.

[0013] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first square tube.

[0014] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the first square tube.

[0015] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the guide seat.

[0016] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the slider.

[0017] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide seat.

[0018] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic mechanism.

[0019] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the first support.

[0020] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the first flap.

[0021] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the second flap.

[0022] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure before the splint is closed.

[0023] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure after the splint is closed.

[0024] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first clamping seat.

[0025] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the second clamping seat.

[0026] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stop box.

[0027] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stop box and the limit plate.

[0028] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the extruded plate.

[0029] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the base plate.

[0030] Figure 24 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extruded plate.

[0031] Figure 25 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod.

[0032] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the third-party pipe.

[0033] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the buckle cover.

[0034] In the figure: 1. housing; 2. data line; 3. detection assembly; 4. box body; 5. first wire hole; 6. box cover; 7. circuit board; 8. probe; 9. top cover; 10. first bolt; 11. first slot plate; 12. flange; 13. sealant; 14. docking plate; 15. bottom cover; 16. panel; 17. plug-in board; 18. second bolt; 19. second wire hole; 20. screw; 21. first wire seat; 22. nut; 23. first cover; 24. Lantern; 25, first square tube; 26, second cover; 27, guide seat; 28, guide groove; 29, slider; 30, notch; 31, telescopic mechanism; 32, pipe opening; 33, carrier; 34, first shaft; 35, first motor; 36, first connecting rod; 37, second shaft; 38, second connecting rod; 39, third shaft; 40, connecting plate; 41, door closing assembly; 42, first support; 43, through hole; 44, first hinged seat; 45, first flap; 46. ​​Buckle cover; 47. Second hinged seat; 48. Second flap; 49. First spring; 50. Arc groove; 51. Slide groove; 52. Clamping plate; 53. Second spring; 54. Second support; 55. First clamping seat; 56. Threaded portion; 57. Positioning nut; 58. Third support; 59. Second clamping seat; 60. Clamping surface; 61. Stop box; 62. Third thread hole; 63. Second thread seat; 64. Limiting plate; 65. Connecting groove; 66. Clamping strip; 67. 7. First groove; 68. Cover plate; 69. Guide column; 70. Threaded hole; 71. Long bolt; 72. Base plate; 73. Blind hole; 74. Return spring; 75. Stop rod; 76. Extrusion plate; 77. Guide groove; 78. Positioning column; 79. Fixed seat; 80. Third connecting rod; 81. Fourth connecting rod; 82. Conduit; 83. Inner sleeve; 84. Second square tube; 85. Third cover shell; 86. Fourth wire hole; 87. Third tube; 88. Fourth cover shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "ninth" and "tenth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the first embodiment, a soil detector for a photovoltaic power station includes a housing 1, a data line 2 is installed on the top surface of the housing 1; detection components 3 arranged from top to bottom are installed in the housing 1, and preferably the detection components 3 are spaced at equal distances; the detection component 3 includes a box body 4, the box body 4 is in a groove shape, and the port of the box body 4 faces the side of the housing 1, the top and bottom surfaces of the box body 4 are provided with a first wire hole 5 through which the data line 2 passes, and the port of the box body 4 is installed with a box cover 6; a circuit board 7 is installed in the box body 4, and three probes 8 are provided on the circuit board 7, and the probes 8 pass through the box cover 6 and extend to Outside the housing 1, probes 8 are inserted sideways into the soil to be tested. A circuit board 7 includes a single-chip microcomputer, a CPLD module, an LC oscillator circuit, a thermistor, two sets of cables, and a cable connector. The cables and connectors are four-wire systems, designated +, -, A, and B. During use, the soil sensor is buried vertically in the soil, parallel to the probes (each layer has three probes 8, each acting as a parallel capacitor). The + and - wires of the cables are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively, and are powered by an external 10-30VDC power supply. The principle of this solution is as follows: For a common parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance formula is C = εS / d, where ε is the dielectric constant, S is the plate area, and d is the distance between the plates. , when the plate area and the distance between the plates are guaranteed to remain unchanged, the size of the capacitor is only affected by the dielectric constant. Soil can be regarded as composed of air, water and solid soil, where the dielectric constant of air is 1; the dielectric constant of water is 80; and the dielectric constant of solid soil is 3 to 8. It can be seen that the dielectric constant of soil is mainly affected by the dielectric constant of water. The principle of moisture measurement is as follows: by programming an AND-OR gate module in the CPLD module, the microcontroller calculates the phase difference according to the AND-OR gate module. The size of the phase difference determines the size of the capacitance, and the size of the capacitance determines the size of the moisture. The microcontroller converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the server; the conductivity is mainly affected by the capacitive reactance. Capacitive reactance Xc = 1 / (2πfC), where f is the AC frequency and C is the capacitance. Due to the AC frequency applied by the microcontroller in the circuit The rate remains unchanged, so the capacitive reactance is only affected by the capacitance C, which is affected by the dielectric constant of the soil. Therefore, the soil conductivity parameters can be measured. The conductivity measurement principle is as follows: the single-chip microcomputer applies an AC voltage across the two probes 8 to make the two probes 8 become a set of parallel plate capacitors. When the pin is inserted into the soil, the voltage across the two probes 8 is collected and transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the server. The temperature measurement principle is as follows: the resistance of the thermistor changes with temperature, causing the voltage across the thermistor to change with temperature. The voltage value is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits it to the server. Technical problems that can be solved: The way the probes 8 of existing soil detection equipment are inserted into the soil is unreasonable, which can easily lead to deviations in detection data.Operational Process: The soil detector is vertically buried in the soil to be tested, with probe 8 of detection component 3 inserted sideways into the soil. An external 10-30VDC power supply is used to power circuit board 7 via a flat cable and cable connector (+ and - lines). During moisture detection, the AND / OR gate module programmed in the CPLD module calculates the phase difference, and the microcontroller uses this phase difference to determine the capacitance and, therefore, the moisture level. During conductivity detection, the microcontroller applies an AC voltage across probe 8 and samples the voltage across it. During temperature detection, the thermistor changes resistance with temperature, which in turn changes the voltage across it. The microcontroller converts the analog signals corresponding to moisture, conductivity, and temperature into digital signals and transmits them to the server via data line 2. Beneficial Effects: Simultaneous and accurate detection of soil moisture, conductivity, and temperature is achieved. The sideways insertion of probe 8 into the soil improves the accuracy of the detection component's alignment with the soil's actual conditions, reducing deviations in detection data. The microcontroller completes the analog-to-digital conversion, ensuring stable and efficient signal transmission, enabling the server to obtain accurate and timely detection data.

[0040] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the housing 1 includes a top cover 9, which is connected to a first slot plate 11 by a first bolt 10. The edge of the first slot plate 11 has a flange 12. The first slot plate 11 is used to install the detection component 3, and the box body 4 of the detection component 3 is flush with the flange 12. The probe 8 of the detection component 3 extends outside the first slot plate 11. Preferably, a sealant 13 is applied to the joint between the probe 8 and the first slot plate 11; the first slot plate 11 is connected to a pair of The connecting plate 14 is U-shaped, and the first slot plate 11 is connected to the connecting plate 14 by a first bolt 10. The free end of the last first slot plate 11 is connected to the bottom cover 15 by the first bolt 10. A panel 16 is fastened between the top cover 9 and the bottom cover 15. The end face of the panel 16 has an insert plate 17, which is adapted to the inner wall of the top cover 9 or the bottom cover 15. The panel 16 is connected to the flange 12 by a second bolt 18. The joint of the panel 16 is preferably coated with a sealant 13. Technical problems that can be solved: The original shell 1 has poor structural sealing performance, which easily leads to external moisture and impurities entering the shell 1 and damaging internal components; the various components of the shell 1 are not firmly connected, and the overall structural stability is insufficient; the detection component 3 is inconvenient to install, and gaps are easily formed at the joint between the probe 8 and the shell 1, affecting the detection accuracy and equipment life. Beneficial effects: By applying sealant 13 and a reasonable snap-fit ​​and bolt connection structure, the sealing performance of the shell 1 is greatly improved, preventing moisture and impurities from entering and damaging internal components; multiple components are firmly connected by bolts, enhancing the overall structural stability of the shell 1; the installation position and fixing method of the detection component 3 are clear, which is convenient for installation. At the same time, the sealant 13 seals the joint between the probe 8 and the first slot plate 11, reducing the impact of the gap on detection accuracy and equipment life.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, the top cover 9 has a second wire hole 19, and a screw 20 is connected to the second wire hole 19. A first wire seat 21 is passed through the screw 20. The shape of the first wire seat 21 is T-shaped. The first wire seat 21 is used to be sleeved on the data cable 2. A nut 22 is threadedly connected to the screw 20. The nut 22 is used to press the first wire seat 21 to play a waterproof role. Technical problems that can be solved: The second wire hole 19 on the top cover 9 lacks an effective waterproof structure. Moisture can easily enter the interior of the shell 1 from the second wire hole 19 and damage the internal detection component 3 and circuit elements. Beneficial effect: Through the matching structure of the screw 20, the first wire seat 21 and the nut 22, the data cable 2 at the second wire hole 19 is sealed and fixed, effectively blocking moisture from entering the interior of the shell 1 from the second wire hole 19, protecting the internal detection component 3 and circuit elements, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optimization of the first embodiment, a screw tube 20 is connected to the first wire hole 5, and a first wire seat 21 is passed through the screw tube 20. The shape of the first wire seat 21 is T-shaped. The first wire seat 21 is used to be sleeved on the data cable 2. A nut 22 is threadedly connected to the screw tube 20. The nut 22 is used to press the first wire seat 21 to play a waterproof role. Technical problems that can be solved: The sealing performance of the first wire hole 5 on the box body 4 is poor, and moisture can easily enter the interior of the box body 4 through the first wire hole 5, damaging the circuit board 7 and related components in the box, affecting the normal realization of the detection function. Beneficial effect: Through the cooperation of the screw tube 20, the first wire seat 21 and the nut 22, the sealing performance of the first wire hole 5 is effectively enhanced, and moisture is prevented from entering the interior of the box body 4 to damage the circuit board 7 and related components, ensuring the normal detection function of the detection component 3 and improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0043] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the structure of the housing 1 needs to be customized and cannot be assembled by the customer. The housing 1 includes a first cover 23 in the shape of a square groove and a second wire hole 19 for mounting a solenoid 20. The first cover 23 is connected to a first square tube 25 via a flange 24. The first square tube 25 is used to mount a detection assembly 3. The probe 8 of the detection assembly 3 extends outside the first square tube 25. Preferably, a sealant 13 is applied to the joint between the probe 8 and the first square tube 25. Multiple first square tubes 25 are connected in series via flanges 24. The free end of the last first square tube 25 is connected to a second cover 26 via flange 24. The customer can assemble the soil detector as needed. Technical Problems Solved: The structure of the housing 1 in the first embodiment needs to be customized and cannot be assembled by the customer according to their own needs. The flexibility is poor and it is difficult to adapt to the different requirements for the length of the detector and the number of detection components 3 in different detection scenarios. Beneficial effect: The shell 1 adopts a first cover shell 23, a first square tube 25 and a second cover shell 26 structure connected by a flange 24. Customers can choose the number of first square tubes 25 and assemble them according to their own needs. It is highly flexible and can adapt to the needs of different detection scenarios. There is no need to customize the shell 1, which reduces the cost of use.

[0044] like Figures 9-11As shown, as an optimization of Example 2, considering that the existing detection assembly 3 is fixed in position, the probe 8 is easily corroded when inserted into the soil for a long time, and the probe 8 protrudes from the shell 1 and is easily damaged during transportation, the first square tube 25 is connected to a symmetrically arranged guide seat 27, the guide seat 27 is T-shaped, and has a horizontally arranged guide groove 28. A slider 29 is slidably connected in the guide groove 28, and the detection assembly 3 is gap-connected to the opposing slider 29; the guide seat 27 has a notch 30, which can prevent structural interference between the guide seat 27 and the data cable 2; the detection assembly 3 is driven by a telescopic mechanism 31; and the first square tube 25 is provided with a pipe opening 32 through which the probe 8 extends. Technical problems that can be solved: the existing detection assembly 3 is fixed in position, the probe 8 is easily corroded when inserted into the soil for a long time, and the probe 8 protrudes from the shell 1 and is easily damaged by collision during transportation, affecting the service life of the probe 8 and the detection accuracy. Movement Process: A symmetrically arranged T-shaped guide seat 27 is connected to the first square tube 25. A horizontal guide groove 28 is provided on the guide seat 27. A slider 29 is slidably connected within the guide groove 28, and the detection assembly 3 is intermittently connected to the opposing slider 29 (a notch 30 on the guide seat 27 prevents structural interference with the data cable 2). When testing is required, a telescopic mechanism 31 drives the slider 29 to slide within the guide groove 28, driving the detection assembly 3 to move, causing the probe 8 to extend from the nozzle 32 on the first square tube 25. When testing is complete or when transporting, the telescopic mechanism 31 drives the slider 29 to slide in the opposite direction, driving the detection assembly 3 to retract the probe 8 back into the first square tube 25. Beneficial Effect: Driven by the telescopic mechanism 31, the detection assembly 3 can move with the slider 29 to extend and retract the probe 8, protecting the probe 8 from corrosion caused by prolonged exposure to soil and preventing damage caused by protruding during transportation. This extends the service life of the probe 8 and ensures detection accuracy.

[0045] like Figure 12As shown, as an optimization of Example 2, the telescopic mechanism 31 includes a carrier 33 connected to the first square tube 25, and the upper and lower ends of the carrier 33 are rotatably connected to first shafts 34. The two first shafts 34 are symmetrically arranged and driven by a first motor 35, which is connected to the carrier 33; a first connecting rod 36 is fixed to the first shaft 34, and a second connecting rod 38 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 36 via a second shaft 37. The free ends of the two second connecting rods 38 are rotatably connected via a third shaft 39; a connecting plate 40 is connected to the third shaft 39, and the connecting plate 40 is connected to the box body 4 of the detection component 3. The deflection angle of the first connecting rod 36 is controlled by the forward and reverse rotation of the first motor 35, and the second connecting rod 38 pushes the detection component 3 to extend or retract. Technical problems that can be solved: The lack of a reliable telescopic mechanism 31 to drive the detection component 3 to extend or retract results in an unstable extension and retraction process of the probe 8, which is prone to problems such as jamming and position deviation, affecting the detection efficiency and equipment reliability. Movement process: The carrier 33 of the telescopic mechanism 31 is connected to the first square tube 25, and the upper and lower ends of the carrier 33 are rotated to connect two symmetrically arranged first shafts 34, and the first shafts 34 are driven by the connected first motor 35; when the first motor 35 rotates forward, it drives the first shaft 34 to rotate, so that the first connecting rod 36 fixed on the first shaft 34 is deflected, and the first connecting rod 36 pushes the second connecting rod 38 to move through the second shaft 37. The free ends of the two second connecting rods 38 drive the connecting plate 40 to move through the third shaft 39, thereby pushing the box body 4 of the detection component 3 to extend the probe 8; when the first motor 35 is reversed, the first shaft 34 rotates in the opposite direction, the first connecting rod 36 deflects in the opposite direction, and the second connecting rod 38 pulls the third shaft 39 and the connecting plate 40, driving the detection component 3 to retract and the probe 8 to retract. Beneficial effect: Through the telescopic mechanism 31 composed of the first motor 35, the first shaft 34, the first connecting rod 36, the second connecting rod 38 and other components, the detection component 3 can be stably and accurately extended and retracted, avoiding jamming and position deviation, and improving detection efficiency and equipment reliability.

[0046] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, and Figure 27As shown, as an optimization of the second embodiment, considering that the nozzle 32 may enter the soil, a closing door assembly 41 is connected to the outside of the first square tube 25. The closing door assembly 41 includes a first support 42 connected to the first square tube 25. The first support 42 is provided with through holes 43 corresponding to the three nozzles 32. The first support 42 is connected to a first hinged seat 44, which is hingedly connected to a first flap 45. The first flap 45 is used to close the nozzle 32. The first flap 45 rotates along the horizontal axis and naturally droops when in a free state. When the probe 8 is extended, the first flap 45 can be pushed open. A tubular buckle cover 46 is fixed to the first support 42 by bolts. Technical problem solved: The nozzle 32 of the first square tube 25 lacks a closed structure after the probe 8 is retracted. Soil can easily enter the interior of the first square tube 25 through the nozzle 32. When accumulated, it can affect the normal movement and detection function of the detection assembly 3 and damage internal components. Movement process: The first support 42 of the door closing assembly 41 is connected to the first square tube 25. The through-holes 43 on the first support 42 correspond to the three tube openings 32. The first support 42 is connected to a first hinge seat 44, and a first flap 45 is hinged to the first hinge seat 44 (rotating along the horizontal axis). When the probe 8 is extended, it pushes the first flap 45 to rotate open about the first hinge seat 44, facilitating the extension of the probe 8. After the probe 8 is retracted, the first flap 45 naturally droops in its free state, sealing the tube opening 32. A tubular cover 46 is bolted to the first support 42 to protect the first flap 45 and the tube opening 32. Beneficial effect: When the probe 8 is extended, it can smoothly push open the first flap 45. After retraction, the first flap 45 naturally seals the tube opening 32, effectively preventing soil from entering the first square tube 25 through the tube opening 32. This prevents soil accumulation from affecting the movement and detection function of the detection assembly 3, protects internal components, and improves the stability of the device.

[0047] like Figure 15-17As shown, as a variation of the door closing assembly 41, the door closing assembly 41 includes a first support 42, and two symmetrically arranged second hinged seats 47 are hinged on the first support 42, and a second flap 48 is hinged on the second hinged seat 47. The second flap 48 is used to close the pipe mouth 32, and the second flap 48 rotates along the vertical axis; a buckle cover 46 is fixed to the first support 42 by bolts, and the buckle cover 46 is tubular in shape; a first spring 49 is connected to the second flap 48, and the first spring 49 is arranged at an angle, and the free end of the first spring 49 is connected to the buckle cover 46. Furthermore, considering that the surface of the probe 8 will be covered with soil when the probe 8 is retracted, an arc-shaped groove 50 adapted to the probe 8 is provided on the second flap 48. The arc-shaped groove 50 is used to scrape off the soil on the surface of the probe 8. A slide groove 51 is provided on the arc-shaped groove 50. A clamping plate 52 is slidably connected in the slide groove 51. A second spring 53 is installed in the slide groove 51. The second spring 53 is used to push out the clamping plate 52 so that the clamping plate 52 closes the arc-shaped groove 50. When the probe 8 is extended, it first contacts the clamping plate 52, and then the first spring 49 contracts, and the second flap 48 opens. As the probe 8 continues to extend, the second spring 53 contracts, and the clamping plate 52 opens. After the clamping plate 52 is fully retracted, the first spring 49 closes the second flap 48. At this time, the detection operation can be carried out. When the probe 8 is retracted, the second flap 48 scrapes off the soil on the surface of the probe 8. When the probe 8 continues to be retracted, the clamping plate 52 scrapes off the remaining soil on the surface of the probe 8. Technical problems that can be solved: The original door closing assembly 41 can only close the nozzle 32 and cannot remove the soil on the surface of the probe 8. The soil residue will affect the accuracy of subsequent detection. At the same time, the stability and reliability of the closed structure are insufficient when the probe 8 is extended and retracted. Movement process: When the probe 8 is extended, it first contacts the clamping plate 52 on the second flap 48, pushing the clamping plate 52 to contract the second spring 53. At the same time, the first spring 49 contracts, driving the second flap 48 to rotate and open around the second hinge seat 47. As the probe 8 continues to extend, the second spring 53 fully contracts, the clamping plate 52 opens, and after the clamping plate 52 is fully retracted, the first spring 49 resets and closes the second flap 48. During detection, the probe 8 remains extended. After the detection is completed, the probe 8 is retracted. The second flap 48 first scrapes off the soil on the surface of the probe 8. As the probe 8 continues to retract, the clamping plate 52 scrapes off the remaining soil on the probe 8. Beneficial effect: Not only can the second flap 48 be used to close the pipe mouth 32 to prevent soil from entering, but the second flap 48 and the clamping plate 52 can also be used to doubly scrape the soil on the surface of the probe 8 during the retraction process of the probe 8 to avoid soil residue affecting the detection accuracy; the setting of the first spring 49 and the second spring 53 improves the stability and reliability of opening and closing the second flap 48.

[0048] like Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown, as an optimization of the second embodiment, considering that the reaction force squeezes the probe 8 when the probe 8 enters and exits the soil, which may easily damage the circuit board 7, the box cover 6 is connected to a second support 54, and the second support 54 is connected to a first clamping seat 55. The first clamping seat 55 is in the shape of a T-shaped rotating member. The small diameter section of the first clamping seat 55 has a threaded portion 56, and a positioning nut 57 is screwed on the threaded portion 56. The box cover 6 is connected to a third support 58, and the third support 58 is slidably connected to a second clamping seat 59. The second clamping seat 59 is sleeved on the small diameter section of the first clamping seat 55. The first clamping seat 55 and the second clamping seat 59 are provided with a clamping surface 60, and the clamping surface 60 is adapted to the side wall of the probe 8. Technical problems that can be solved: When the probe 8 enters and exits the soil, it will be subjected to the reaction force of the soil. The lack of an effective fixed buffer structure may easily cause damage to the circuit board 7, affecting the normal use of the detection component 3. Beneficial effect: The probe 8 is clamped and fixed by the clamping surfaces 60 of the first clamping seat 55 and the second clamping seat 59, which can effectively buffer the reaction force received by the probe 8 when entering and exiting the soil, prevent damage to the circuit board 7, extend its service life, and ensure the normal use of the detection component 3.

[0049] like Figure 20-24As shown, as an optimization of the second embodiment, considering that the data cable 2 is easily damaged by the reaction force when entering and exiting the soil, a stop box 61 is connected to the box body 4, and a third wire hole 62 is opened on the side of the stop box 61. The number of the third wire holes 62 is 2, and the two third wire holes 62 are symmetrically arranged. The diameters of the two ends of the third wire holes 62 are large and the middle diameter is small. A second wire seat 63 is sleeved on the data cable 2, and the two second wire seats 63 are symmetrically arranged. The second wire seat 63 is adapted to the large diameter section of the third wire hole 62. The side of the stop box 61 is fixed with a limit plate 64 by screws. The limit plate 64 is used to limit the position of the second wire seat 63. The limit plate 64 has a hole for the data line 2 to pass through. The side of the stop box 61 is provided with a connecting groove 65. A clamping strip 66 is installed in the connecting groove 65. The clamping strip 66 is located on the outside of the data line 2. The stop box 61 is provided with a first groove 67. The first groove 67 is connected to the third wire hole 62. The stop box 61 is connected to a cover plate 68 that closes the first groove 67. The first groove 67 A guide post 69 is installed inside, and a threaded hole 70 is opened in the center of the guide post 69. A long bolt 71 extending to the outside of the stop box 61 and the limit plate 64 is screwed into the threaded hole 70; a bottom plate 72 is slidably connected to the guide post 69, and the bottom plate 72 slides along the first groove 67. The side of the bottom plate 72 has a blind hole 73, which is slidably connected to the guide post 69. The end face of the blind hole 73 is against the head of the long bolt 71. Rotating the long bolt 71 can push the bottom plate 72 to move. A reset screw is installed on the other side of the bottom plate 72. Spring 74, the free end of the return spring 74 is connected to the first groove 67; a blocking rod 75 is installed on the bottom plate 72, and the blocking rod 75 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 72. There are four blocking rods 75, two blocking rods 75 form a group, and the two groups of blocking rods 75 are arranged in a V shape, with the V-shaped opening facing the side of the long bolt 71. Each group of blocking rods 75 is slidably connected to an extrusion plate 76, and the extrusion plate 76 has an obliquely arranged guide groove 77, which is slidably adapted to the blocking rod 75. The extrusion plate 76 is used to compress the data cable 2. Technical problems that can be solved: When the data cable 2 enters and exits the soil with the detection component 3, it will be subject to the reaction force of the soil. The lack of an effective fixed protection structure can easily cause the data cable 2 to be pulled and damaged, affecting the transmission of the detection signal and even making the device unable to work normally. Movement process: When data cable 2 needs to be secured, rotating long bolt 71 pushes base plate 72 to slide along first groove 67. Baffle 75 slides within guide groove 77, driving squeeze plate 76 toward data cable 2, compressing it. When released, return spring 74 pulls base plate 72 back to its original position, squeezing plate 76 releases data cable 2, and clamping strip 66 assists in securing data cable 2. Beneficial effect: The structure of stop box 61, squeezing plate 76, baffle 75, and long bolt 71 can firmly clamp and secure data cable 2, buffering the reaction force applied to data cable 2 when entering and exiting soil, preventing damage to data cable 2, ensuring stable transmission of detection signals, and ensuring normal operation of the equipment. The provision of return spring 74 facilitates adjustment of the tightness of squeezing plate 76, providing flexible operation.

[0050] like Figure 25 As shown, as an optimization of the second embodiment, a positioning post 78 is connected to the second cover 26, the lower end of which is connected to a fixing seat 79, and a third connecting rod 80 is hingedly connected to the fixing seat 79. There are six third connecting rods 80, and the third connecting rods 80 can form barbs to prevent displacement of the soil detector. A fourth connecting rod 81 is hingedly connected to the middle section of the third connecting rod 80, and a guide tube 82 is hingedly connected to the upper end of the fourth connecting rod 81. The guide tube 82 is slidably connected to the positioning post 78. Technical problem that can be solved: After the soil detector is buried in the soil, it is prone to displacement due to loose soil, external interference, etc., resulting in changes in the detection position, affecting the continuity and accuracy of the detection data. Movement process: When the soil detector is buried in the soil, the third connecting rod 80 unfolds under the action of soil pressure, forming a barbed structure. The fourth connecting rod 81, hinged at the middle of the third connecting rod 80, and the guide tube 82, hinged at its upper end, are slidably connected to the positioning column 78. As the detector penetrates deeper into the soil, the guide tube 82 slides along the positioning column 78, helping the third connecting rod 80 to better unfold and engage in the soil, preventing the detector from shifting. Beneficial effect: The barbed structure formed by the unfolding of the third connecting rod 80, combined with the auxiliary action of the fourth connecting rod 81 and the guide tube 82, can effectively enhance the bonding force between the detector and the soil, prevent the detector from shifting in the soil, ensure the stability of the detection position, and improve the continuity and accuracy of the detection data.

[0051] like Figure 26As shown, as an optimization of the second embodiment, considering that the existing soil detector can only detect multiple points in the vertical direction and the data is relatively limited, the side of the first square tube 25 is connected to the inner sleeve 83, and the first square tube 25 has a hole for the data line 2 to pass through. The hole is located in the area of ​​the inner sleeve 83, and the inner sleeve 83 is arranged away from the surface where the pipe mouth 32 is located. A second square tube 84 is fixed to the inner sleeve 83 by bolts. The free end of the second square tube 84 is connected to the third cover 85 through the flange 24. The third cover 85 has a fourth wire hole 86. The fourth wire hole 86 is used to install the spiral tube 20. The free end of the third cover 85 is connected to the third tube 87 through the flange 24. The third tube 87 is used to install the detection component 3. The probe 8 of the detection component 3 extends outside the third tube 87. Preferably, the joint between the probe 8 and the third tube 87 is coated with sealant 13; multiple third tubes 87 are connected in series through the flange 24, and the free end of the last third tube 87 is connected to the fourth cover 88 through the flange 24. Customers can assemble the soil detector by themselves according to their needs. Technical Problems Solved: Existing soil detectors can only perform multi-point detection in the vertical direction, limiting their detection range and preventing them from obtaining horizontal soil parameter data. This results in incomplete detection data, making it difficult to meet the photovoltaic power station's need for a comprehensive understanding of soil conditions. During detection, the detection component 3 within the vertical first square tube 25 and the detection component 3 within the horizontal third-party tube 87 operate simultaneously to obtain vertical and horizontal soil parameters, respectively. Beneficial Effects: Through the structures of the inner sleeve 83, the second square tube 84, and the third-party tube 87, the soil detector can detect in both vertical and horizontal directions, breaking the limitation of only vertical detection and obtaining more comprehensive soil parameter data. This meets the photovoltaic power station's need for a comprehensive understanding of soil conditions and improves the practicality and comprehensiveness of detection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil detector for a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein a data line (2) is installed on the top surface of the shell (1); detection components (3) arranged from top to bottom are installed in the shell (1), and the detection components (3) are spaced at equal distances; the detection component (3) comprises a box body (4), wherein the port of the box body (4) faces the side of the shell (1), the top surface and the bottom surface of the box body (4) are provided with a first line hole (5) for the data line (2) to pass through, and a box cover (6) is installed on the port of the box body (4); a circuit board (7) is installed in the box body (4), and three probes (8) are provided on the circuit board (7), wherein the probes (8) pass through the box cover (6) and extend outside the shell (1), and the probes (8) are inserted into the soil to be detected from the side.

2. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a top cover (9), a first slot plate (11), a docking plate (14) and a bottom cover (15), wherein the top cover (9) and the first slot plate (11), the first slot plate (11) and the docking plate (14), the docking plate (14) and another first slot plate (11), and the last first slot plate (11) and the bottom cover (15) are all connected by first bolts (10), a panel (16) is fastened between the top cover (9) and the bottom cover (15), the panel (16) and the flange (12) at the edge of the first slot plate (11) are connected by second bolts (18), and a sealant (13) is applied to the joint between the probe (8) and the first slot plate (11) and the joint of the panel (16).

3. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top cover (9) is provided with a second wire hole (19), and the top and bottom surfaces of the box body (4) are provided with first wire holes (5). The second wire hole (19) and the first wire hole (5) are both connected with a screw tube (20), a T-shaped first wire seat (21) is passed through the screw tube (20), and a nut (22) for pressing the first wire seat (21) is threadedly connected to the screw tube (20), and the first wire seat (21) is sleeved on the data cable (2).

4. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a first cover shell (23), a first square tube (25) and a second cover shell (26); the first cover shell (23) and the first square tube (25), the first square tube (25) and another first square tube (25), and the last first square tube (25) and the second cover shell (26) are all connected via flanges (24); a second wire hole (19) for mounting a spiral tube (20) is provided on the first cover shell (23); and a sealant (13) is applied at a joint between the probe (8) and the first square tube (25).

5. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: A symmetrical T-shaped guide seat (27) is connected to the first square tube (25), and a horizontal guide groove (28) is provided on the guide seat (27). A slider (29) is slidably connected in the guide groove (28). The detection component (3) is gap-connected between the relative sliders (29). The guide seat (27) is provided with a notch (30). A telescopic mechanism (31) for driving the detection component (3) to move is installed on the first square tube (25). The first square tube (25) is provided with a pipe opening (32) for the probe (8) to extend.

6. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (31) includes a carrier (33) connected to the first square tube (25), the upper and lower ends of the carrier (33) are rotatably connected to a symmetrical first shaft (34), the first shaft (34) is driven by a first motor (35), a first connecting rod (36) is fixed to the first shaft (34), the first connecting rod (36) is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod (38) via a second shaft (37), the free ends of the two second connecting rods (38) are connected to a connecting plate (40) via a third shaft (39), and the connecting plate (40) is connected to the box body (4) of the detection component (3).

7. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the first square tube (25) is connected to a door closing assembly (41), which includes a first support (42) connected to the first square tube (25), a through hole (43) being provided on the first support (42), and the through hole (43) corresponding to the three pipe openings (32); the first support (42) is connected to a first hinge seat (44), and the first hinge seat (44) is hinged with a first flap (45), the first flap (45) is used to close the pipe opening (32), the first flap (45) rotates along the horizontal axis, and the first flap (45) naturally droops in a free state, and a buckle cover (46) is fixed to the first support (42) by bolts, and the buckle cover (46) is in the shape of a tube.

8. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the first square tube (25) is connected to a door closing assembly (41), and the door closing assembly (41) includes a first support (42), and two symmetrically arranged second hinge seats (47) are hinged on the first support (42), and a second flap (48) is hinged on the second hinge seat (47), and the second flap (48) is used to close the pipe mouth (32), and the second flap (48) rotates along the vertical axis; a buckle cover (46) is fixed to the first support (42) by bolts, and the buckle cover (46) is in the shape of a tube; a first spring ( 49), the first spring (49) is arranged obliquely, and the free end of the first spring (49) is connected to the buckle cover (46); the second flap (48) is provided with an arc groove (50) adapted to the probe (8), the arc groove (50) is used to scrape off the soil on the surface of the probe (8), the arc groove (50) is provided with a slide groove (51), a clamping plate (52) is slidably connected in the slide groove (51), and a second spring (53) is installed in the slide groove (51), and the second spring (53) is used to push out the clamping plate (52) so that the clamping plate (52) closes the arc groove (50).

9. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box cover (6) is connected to a second support (54) and a third support (58), the second support (54) is connected to a T-shaped first clamping seat (55), the small diameter section of the first clamping seat (55) is provided with a threaded portion (56) and a positioning nut (57), the third support (58) is slidably connected to a second clamping seat (59) sleeved on the small diameter section of the first clamping seat (55), and the first clamping seat (55) and the second clamping seat (59) are provided with a clamping surface (60) adapted to the probe (8).

10. The soil detector for photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (4) is connected to a stop box (61), the stop box (61) has two symmetrical third line holes (62), the data line (2) is sleeved with two symmetrical second line seats (63), the side of the stop box (61) is fixed with a limit plate (64), the stop box (61) is provided with a guide column (69), a bottom plate (72), a baffle (75) and an extrusion plate (76), the guide column (69) is penetrated by a long bolt (71), the bottom plate (72) is slidably connected to the guide column (69) and abuts against the long bolt (71), the bottom plate (72) is connected to a reset spring (74), the baffle (75) is arranged in a V shape, and the extrusion plate (76) is slidably connected to the baffle (75) through a guide groove (77).

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