Sample recognition device and full-automatic luminoscope

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sample detection and recognition, in particular to a sample recognition device and a full-automatic luminoscope, the sample recognition device comprises a test tube bearing mechanism and a rotating mechanism, the test tube bearing mechanism comprises a clamping frame and a test tube frame, the clamping frame comprises at least two clamping parts arranged in the sample conveying direction, and a clamping cavity is formed between the two clamping parts; the test tube rack comprises at least two limiting parts, a limiting cavity for placing a test tube is formed between the two limiting parts, the limiting parts and the clamping parts are in one-to-one correspondence, the limiting cavity is communicated with the clamping cavity, the two clamping parts abut against the test tube at the same time, and the rotating mechanism is used for moving to abut against the test tube and driving the test tube to rotate. The bar code on the side wall of the test tube is exposed on one side, far away from the test tube rack, of the clamping cavity for scanning detection. According to the structure, the universality of sample recognition can be improved, the problem that automatic recognition cannot be achieved due to the fact that bar codes are shielded in the sample recognition process is solved, and the convenience and efficiency of automatic sample recognition are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sample detection and identification, and in particular to a sample identification device and a fully automatic fluorescence instrument. Background Art

[0002] In the field of biological sample testing, automated in vitro diagnostic equipment has made significant progress in recent years. This type of equipment is increasingly used for quantitative in vitro testing, encompassing a number of key areas, including clinical diagnosis, disease screening, and drug development. It has brought significant changes to the medical industry, enabling rapid and accurate acquisition of biological sample test results, providing doctors with critical diagnostic evidence, significantly reducing patient wait times, and improving diagnostic accuracy and the timeliness of treatment. Automated in vitro diagnostic equipment has also played a significant role in public health incidents, effectively improving testing efficiency and response capabilities, and driving the intelligent and efficient development of the entire biological testing industry. Currently, sample identification, a critical step in automated in vitro diagnostic equipment, is typically performed using a scanning device, as each sample tube is pre-labeled with a recognizable barcode. Common methods for sample identification include the following. One method relies on electric claws for operation. The electric claws use a mechanical structure to clamp the sample to the scanning and detection device for identification. The other method is to design a sample identification device. After the sample tube is placed, the barcode on the sample tube can be automatically identified during the transportation of the sample tube. Specifically, it is composed of a conveying track and a clamping claw seat that is slidably arranged on the conveying track. The clamping claw seat is provided with a clamping claw that clamps the outer wall of the test tube from the lower end of the test tube. The clamping claw in the clamping claw seat is driven by a motor to rotate to drive the test tube to rotate, so as to realize automatic scanning and identification. All of the above methods can meet the needs of sample identification to a certain extent without manually pointing the test tubes in a specific direction one by one. However, the existing identification methods still have obvious shortcomings in practical applications. On the one hand, the operation of the electric claw requires complex electrical and mechanical systems, which are costly and inefficient, and are difficult to operate for uncovered sample tubes. On the other hand, when the clamps hold the bottom of the test tube and rotate for identification, part of the barcode is easily blocked by the clamps, and even if the test tube is rotated, it may not be correctly identified. Especially for shorter test tube samples, the probability of obstruction of the barcode and the clamps increases, and the machine needs to be stopped to manually adjust the placement of the test tube to reduce the problem of incorrect identification due to obstruction of the barcode, thereby reducing the recognition efficiency of the sample. In addition, after detection and identification, the test tubes need to be removed manually one by one, which is not convenient enough. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to improve the versatility of sample identification, avoid the problem of barcodes being blocked and unable to be automatically identified during the sample identification process, and improve the convenience and efficiency of automatic sample identification, the present application provides a sample identification device and a fully automatic fluorescence instrument.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a sample identification device, comprising a test tube carrying mechanism disposed on a sample conveying track and a rotating mechanism disposed on one side of the sample conveying track, the test tube carrying mechanism comprising a clamping frame and a test tube rack that can be assembled with each other, the clamping frame comprising at least two clamping portions arranged along the sample conveying direction, the two clamping portions forming a clamping cavity between the two clamping portions, the test tube rack comprising at least two limiting portions, the two limiting portions forming a limiting cavity for placing the test tube between the two limiting portions, the limiting portions corresponding to the clamping portions in a one-to-one relationship, the limiting cavity communicating with the clamping cavity, the rotating mechanism and the two clamping portions simultaneously abutting the test tube, the rotating mechanism being configured to move into abutment with the test tube and drive the test tube to rotate, exposing a barcode on the side wall of the test tube to a side of the clamping cavity away from the test tube rack for scanning and detection. By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating mechanism and the two clamping portions simultaneously abut the test tube, and when the rotating mechanism moves into abutment with the test tube, the rotational driving force of the rotating mechanism is transmitted to the test tube. Because the two clamping parts play a certain role in positioning and auxiliary support for the test tube, the test tube is more stable during the rotation process. The rotation mechanism drives the test tube to rotate, and during the test tube rotation, the barcode is exposed in the clamping cavity formed between the two clamping parts. The barcode in the clamping cavity is scanned by the scanning detection device to achieve automatic recognition, which can avoid the problem of partial barcode obstruction in existing recognition methods. This eliminates the need to stop the machine to manually adjust the placement of the test tube, greatly improving the sample recognition efficiency, solving the problem of low recognition efficiency caused by barcode obstruction in existing recognition methods, and making it more convenient to use. Preferably, each clamping part is provided with a clamping wheel on the top, two of the clamping wheels correspondingly abutting one test tube, and the two clamping wheels rotate horizontally around their vertical axes. By adopting the above technical solution, a clamping wheel is provided on the top of each clamping part of the sample identification device, and two of the clamping wheels correspondingly abutting one test tube and can rotate horizontally around their vertical axes. When the rotating mechanism drives the test tube to rotate, the two horizontally rotatable clamping wheels will roll synchronously with the test tube, which can reduce the friction between the test tube and the test tube. On the one hand, reducing friction can reduce the wear on the test tube and avoid damage to the test tube due to excessive friction; on the other hand, it makes the test tube smoother during the rotation process and can rotate more flexibly. Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a linear drive component and a rotation drive component, the linear drive component drives the rotation drive component to approach or move away from the test tube, and the rotation drive component abuts against the test tube and drives the test tube to rotate. By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating mechanism is provided with a linear drive component and a rotation drive component, and the linear drive component can drive the rotation drive component to approach or move away from the test tube.When a barcode scanning and detection of a test tube is required, the linear drive assembly drives the rotary drive assembly close to the test tube until the rotary drive assembly abuts the test tube. The rotary drive assembly drives the test tube to rotate, so that the barcode on the side wall of the test tube, which may have been obscured, can be exposed on the side of the clamping cavity away from the test tube rack, thereby facilitating the scanning and detection device to perform scanning and detection. This design avoids the problem of incorrect recognition due to obstruction of the barcode, does not require manual adjustment of the test tube's placement by stopping the machine, improves the efficiency of sample recognition, and does not require complex electrical and mechanical systems. Compared with electric claw operation, it reduces costs and improves efficiency. It can also operate well for uncovered sample tubes. After the scanning and detection is completed, the linear drive assembly can drive the rotary drive assembly away from the test tube, facilitating subsequent other operations or transportation of the test tube. Preferably, the rotary drive assembly includes a rotating wheel and a first drive member, the first drive member driving the rotating wheel to rotate horizontally around its vertical axis, the rotating wheel abuts the test tube, and the rotating wheel is located on the central axis between the two clamping wheels. By adopting the above technical solution, the first driving member drives the rotating wheel to rotate horizontally about its vertical axis. Because the rotating wheel abuts the test tube, the rotation of the rotating wheel generates friction, which acts on the test tube, thereby driving the test tube to rotate. Because the rotating wheel is located on the central axis between the two clamping wheels, it can ensure that the force applied to the test tube is relatively uniform, allowing the test tube to rotate smoothly. The barcode on the side wall of the test tube can be more effectively exposed to the side of the clamping cavity away from the test tube rack, facilitating scanning and detection, avoiding the problem of the barcode being blocked and unable to be correctly identified, and improving the efficiency of sample identification. Preferably, the linear drive assembly includes a base and a second driving member and a sliding member, both of which are arranged on the base. The sliding member is slidably arranged on the base and is respectively connected to the second driving member and the rotation drive assembly. The second driving member drives the sliding member to move linearly, thereby driving the rotation drive assembly to move linearly. By adopting the above technical solution, the base of the linear drive assembly provides a stable support foundation for the second driving member and the sliding member. The second driving member can drive the sliding member to move linearly on the base. Since the sliding member is connected to the rotation driving assembly, the linear movement of the sliding member will drive the rotation driving assembly to move linearly. This structure allows the rotation driving assembly to approach or move away from the test tube as needed, and can flexibly adjust its positional relationship with the test tube, so as to realize the orderly rotation of the arranged test tubes in sequence. Preferably, the rotating mechanism also includes a buffer assembly, and the buffer assembly is arranged between the second driving member and the sliding member. By adopting the above technical solution, a buffer assembly is provided between the second driving member and the sliding member. When the second driving member drives the sliding member to drive the rotation driving assembly close to the test tube, the presence of the buffer assembly can buffer the impact force and vibration generated during the driving process of the second driving member.This avoids the hard collision between the rotating drive assembly and the test tube due to excessive impact force, preventing damage to the test tube. It also reduces the impact on the parts of the rotating mechanism itself, reduces the wear and damage probability of the parts, and extends the service life of the rotating mechanism. It also enables the rotating drive assembly to abut the test tube more smoothly, improves the stability when driving the test tube to rotate, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the sample identification process and improving the reliability and sample identification efficiency of the sample identification device. Preferably, the rotating mechanism also includes a sensing component, which is arranged between the sliding member and the base. The sensing component includes a first sensing member and a second sensing member, the first sensing member is arranged on the sliding member, and the second sensing member is arranged on the base. When the second driving member drives the sliding member to abut the test tube, the first sensing member and the second sensing member disengage from the sensing cooperation. By adopting the above technical solution, when the second driving member drives the sliding member to abut the test tube, the sliding member will produce a position change relative to the base. This position change will cause the first sensing member and the second sensing member to disengage from the sensing cooperation. This design accurately senses the completion of the slider's contact with the test tube, providing an accurate trigger signal for the subsequent rotation mechanism to drive the test tube's rotation, ensuring that the rotation mechanism begins operation at the appropriate time. This improves the automation and operational stability of the sample identification device, thereby enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of sample identification. Preferably, the rotating wheel and the clamping wheel are mounted at the same height. By adopting the above technical solution, since the rotating wheel and the clamping wheel are mounted at the same height, the rotating wheel and the clamping wheel can form a stable horizontal support structure for the test tube when in contact with the test tube. This horizontal support structure reduces test tube shaking during the rotating wheel-driven test tube rotation, preventing the barcode position from being unstable due to shaking and affecting the accuracy of scanning and detection. At the same time, the stable support allows the rotating wheel to more effectively transmit driving force to the test tube, making the test tube rotation smoother and more stable. This further improves the efficiency and success rate of scanning and detection of the barcode on the side of the test tube exposed in the clamping cavity away from the test tube rack, ensuring faster and more accurate sample identification and improving the overall performance and reliability of the sample identification device. Preferably, a pusher assembly is provided at the bottom of the clamping frame, connected to the test tube rack, and used to push out the test tube rack containing the test tube. By adopting the above technical solution, in the sample identification device, because the clamping portion is provided with a pusher assembly and the pusher assembly is connected to the test tube rack, after sample identification is completed, the pusher assembly can push out the limiting portion containing the test tube. This avoids the need to manually remove the test tube racks containing test tubes one by one. The clamping frame can return to the starting point along the conveyor track and continue to combine with the next test tube rack containing the test tube to be identified to form a test tube carrying mechanism for the next round of identification, saving manpower and further improving the convenience of identification.In a second aspect, the present application provides a fully automatic fluorescence instrument, comprising the sample identification device and a conveying device, a scanning and detecting device, a clamping and mixing device, a sample unloading device, and a control system. The conveying track of the conveying device is provided with the test tube carrying mechanism. The sample identification device and the scanning and detecting device are respectively provided on both sides of the conveying track, and the devices act in coordination. By adopting the above technical solution, the fully automatic fluorescence instrument combines the sample identification device with the conveying device, the scanning and detecting device, the clamping and mixing device, the sample unloading device, and the control system. The test tube carrying mechanism of the sample identification device is provided on the conveying track of the conveying device. The sample identification device and the scanning and detecting device are respectively located on both sides of the conveying track. The conveying device can transport the sample test tube placed on the test tube carrying mechanism. After the rotating mechanism moves to abut against the test tube, it drives the test tube to rotate, so that the barcode on the side wall of the test tube is exposed on the side of the clamping cavity away from the test tube rack, so that the scanning and detecting device can scan and detect the barcode. Because the rotating mechanism and the two clamping parts are in contact with the test tube at the same time, they can stably drive the test tube to rotate, avoiding the problem of the barcode being blocked when the clamping claws clamp the bottom of the test tube and rotate in the existing technology, thereby improving the efficiency of sample recognition. After the scanning test is completed, the clamping and mixing device can mix the sample, and the sample unloading device can automatically remove the tested test tube without manual operation one by one, which is more convenient. Moreover, each device operates under the coordinated control of the control system, making the entire sample detection process automated, improving detection efficiency and accuracy, and promoting the intelligent and efficient development of biological sample detection.

[0005] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By providing a rotating mechanism that can be moved to abut against the test tube and drive the test tube to rotate, the barcode on the side wall of the test tube can be exposed on the side of the clamping cavity away from the test tube rack for scanning and detection. Compared with the existing method of clamping the bottom of the test tube and rotating the identification to easily block the barcode, this method avoids the clamping jaws blocking the barcode, thereby improving the efficiency of sample identification and enhancing the versatility of sample identification. 2. Since the rotating mechanism can automatically drive the test tube to rotate to complete barcode recognition, and the limiting part with the test tube can be pushed out through the pushing component, manual adjustment of the test tube placement and removal of the test tube can be avoided, making the operation more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a sample identification device in Example 1; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a sample identification device in Example 1; Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a rotating mechanism of a sample identification device in Example 1; Figure 4is a top view of a sample identification device in Example 1; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a clamping frame of a sample identification device of a fully automatic fluorescence instrument in Example 2; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a sample identification device for a fully automatic fluorescence instrument in Example 2.

[0007] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. test tube carrying mechanism; 2. rotating mechanism; 11. clamping frame; 12. test tube rack; 13. pushing assembly; 14. mounting plate; 15. baffle; 111. clamping portion; 112. clamping cavity; 113. clamping wheel; 114. test tube rack detection slot; 121. limiting portion; 122. limiting cavity; 123. limiting slot; 131. pushing rod; 21. rotating wheel; 22. first driving member; 23. base; 24. second driving member; 25. sliding member; 26. buffer assembly; 27. sensing assembly; 231. mounting seat; 232. motor seat; 241. screw motor; 242. nut; 251. slider; 252. slide rail; 271. first sensing member; 272. second sensing member; 3. conveying track; 4. scanning detection device; 5. platform; 51. translation gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0009] Example 1 The present invention provides a sample identification device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a test tube carrying mechanism 1 and a rotating mechanism 2. The test tube carrying mechanism 1 is installed on the conveying track 3 during the sample detection process to carry the test tube and transport it along the conveying track 3. The rotating mechanism 2 can be installed on one side of the conveying track 3 and act on the test tube carrying mechanism 1 on the conveying track 3. Specifically, the test tube carrying mechanism 1 and the rotating mechanism 2 cooperate with each other. The rotating mechanism 2 can move to abut against the test tube, drive the test tube to rotate, so that the barcode on the side wall of the test tube is exposed for easy scanning and detection, avoiding the problem of incorrect identification due to the barcode being blocked, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of sample identification.

[0010] Specifically, the test tube carrying mechanism 1 of this embodiment includes a clamping frame 11, a test tube rack 12, and a pushing assembly 13. The clamping frame 11 includes at least two clamping portions 111 arranged along the sample conveying direction. The bottoms of the two clamping portions 111 extend and connect together, forming a clamping cavity 112 between the two clamping portions 111. A mounting plate 14 is provided at the bottom of the clamping frame 11 for mounting on other components. The clamping cavity 112 of this embodiment is a U-shaped clamping cavity 112 to minimize obstruction of the test tube. A clamping wheel 113 is provided on the top side of the clamping portion 111 near the test tube rack 12. The clamping wheel 113 protrudes from the surface of the clamping portion 111 near the test tube rack 12, so as to enable the test tube to abut against the two clamping wheels 113 at the same time, and the bottom of the test tube abuts against the side of the test tube rack 12 where the bottom of the two clamping portions 111 extend and connect. In this embodiment, there are eleven clamping portions 111, and ten corresponding clamping cavities 112. All clamping cavities 112 are of the same size. Each clamping portion 111 is made of a plastic plate with a certain strength and toughness and is designed in the shape of an elongated strip. The eleven clamping portions 111 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals along the sample transport direction, ensuring that every two adjacent clamping wheels 113 abut against a corresponding test tube, and all clamping wheels 113 rotate horizontally around their vertical axes. The clamping wheels 113 are made of rubber, which has good friction, can better contact with the test tube and assist in rotation, and can effectively drive the test tube to rotate without slipping during rotation. Alternatively, in other embodiments, silicone can also be used. Silicone also has a certain friction and is soft, which can reduce damage to the test tube. The two clamping wheels 113 are mounted on the top of the clamping portion 111 via bearings. The use of bearings ensures flexible rotation and reduces resistance during rotation.

[0011] In particular, in order to ensure that the test tube can be stably positioned to a certain extent, the spacing between adjacent clamping parts 111 and the spacing between two adjacent clamping wheels 113 in this embodiment are precisely designed according to the dimensions of common test tubes. The spacing between two adjacent clamping parts 111 is greater than the outer wall diameter of the test tube, and the spacing between two adjacent clamping wheels 113 is less than the outer wall diameter of the test tube.

[0012] Specifically, the test tube rack 12 of this embodiment is composed of a long strip support plate and a limiting portion 121. The long strip support plate is arranged horizontally along the sample conveying direction, and the limiting portions 121 are arranged at intervals on the support plate. This embodiment includes eleven limiting portions 121, and a limiting cavity 122 for stably placing the test tube is formed between two adjacent limiting portions 121. The limiting portions 121 and the clamping portions 111 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the limiting cavity 122 is connected to the clamping cavity 112 in a one-to-one correspondence. The limiting portion 121 of this embodiment is a raised structure made of plastic, and its shape is designed to be semicircular. The semicircular shape can better fit the outer wall of the test tube and provide a more stable limiting effect. The distance between the two limiting portions 121 and the width of the long strip support plate need to be accurately calculated according to the size of the test tube to ensure that it can just accommodate one test tube, play a limiting role for the test tube, and prevent the test tube from shaking during transportation.

[0013] Among them, the pushing assembly 13 is arranged at the bottom of the clamping frame 11 and connected to the test tube rack 12, and is used to push the test tube rack 12. The pushing assembly 13 includes a pushing rod 131 and a fixed rod. The fixed rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping frame 11, and the two sides of the fixed rod are connected to the pushing rod 131. The pushing rods 131 are respectively arranged on both sides of the test tube rack 12, and are used to clamp the test tube rack 12. The test tube rack 12 is provided with a limiting groove 123 corresponding to the pushing rod 131. In this embodiment, the clamping frame 11 is horizontally mounted on the conveying track 3 via a mounting plate 14 for conveyance. The test tube rack 12 is placed on the mounting plate 14 and conveyed synchronously with the clamping frame 11. Specifically, the test tube rack 12 and the clamping frame 11 are assembled together through the cooperation of the push rod 131 and the limiting groove 123 to prevent the test tube rack 12 from shaking during conveyance. In the initial state of assembly, the push rod 131 abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove 123. After detection and identification are completed, the push rod 131 pushes the test tube rack 12 to separate the test tube rack 12 from the clamping frame 11.

[0014] Reference Figure 3 Specifically, the rotation mechanism 2 of this embodiment includes a linear drive assembly and a rotation drive assembly. The linear drive assembly drives the rotation drive assembly toward or away from the test tube, while the rotation drive assembly abuts the test tube and drives the test tube to rotate. The linear drive assembly includes a base 23, a second drive member 24, and a sliding member 25, both of which are disposed on the base 23. The sliding member 25 is slidably disposed on the base 23 and is respectively connected to the second drive member 24 and the rotation drive assembly. The second drive member 24 drives the sliding member 25 to move linearly, thereby driving the rotation drive assembly to move linearly.

[0015] The rotation drive assembly includes a rotating wheel 21 and a first drive member 22. The first drive member 22 drives the rotating wheel 21 to rotate horizontally about its vertical axis, causing the rotating wheel 21 to abut the test tube and be located on the central axis between the two clamping wheels 113. The rotating wheel 21 and the clamping wheels 113 are installed at the same height. This arrangement ensures better contact between the rotating wheel 21 and the clamping wheels 113 and the test tube, evenly applies force to the test tube during rotation, and ensures rotational stability. The rotating wheel 21 can also be made of rubber. The small motor in the first drive member 22 drives the rotating wheel 21 through gears.

[0016] The rotating wheel 21 of this embodiment is installed at the same height as the clamping wheel 113, that is, the rotating wheel 21 and the clamping wheel 113 are simultaneously in contact with the same horizontal plane of the outer wall of the test tube, which facilitates the stability of the test tube rotation. In order to facilitate the rotation of the test tube, the diameter of the rotating wheel 21 of this embodiment is larger than the diameter of the clamping wheel 113.

[0017] The rotating mechanism 2 of this embodiment also includes a buffer component 26 and a sensing component 27. The buffer component 26 is arranged between the second driving member 24 and the sliding member 25. The sensing component 27 is arranged between the sliding member 25 and the base 23. The sensing component 27 includes a first sensing member 271 and a second sensing member 272. The first sensing member 271 is arranged on the U-shaped slider 251, and the second sensing member 272 is arranged on the motor base 232. When the second driving member 24 drives the sliding member 25 to abut against the test tube, the first sensing member 271 and the second sensing member 272 disengage from the sensing cooperation.

[0018] Specifically, the base 23 includes a mounting base 231 and a motor base 232. The base 23 is arranged horizontally, and the motor base 232 is arranged perpendicular to the base 23. The second driving member 24 is a screw motor 241. The screw motor 241 passes through the motor base 23 and is connected to the nut 242. The nut 242 is connected to the sliding member 25 through a fixed shaft. The sliding member 25 is a U-shaped slider 251, and the U-shaped opening is facing the direction of the test tube. The mounting base 231 is provided with a slide rail 252 perpendicular to the test tube conveying direction, and the U-shaped slider 251 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 252. The first driving member 22 is a motor. The motor is arranged in the vertical direction on the U-shaped slider 251, and the motor is located at the opening of the U-shaped slider 251, which makes rational use of space. The buffer component 26 is a spring, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed shaft, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the U-shaped slider 251 and the nut 242. When the rotating mechanism 2 approaches the test tube, the spring can play a buffering role to avoid excessive impact force on the test tube, because excessive impact force may cause the test tube to break or the barcode to be damaged.

[0019] The first sensing member 271 and the second sensing member 272 use photoelectric sensors. The first sensing member 271 is a photoelectric board, and the second sensing member 272 is a photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric sensor is provided with a sensing channel for the photoelectric board to pass through. The initial state of the photoelectric sensor is that the rotating wheel 21 is driven by the screw motor 241 to move to a position away from the test tube. At this time, the photoelectric board is located in the sensing channel in the photoelectric sensor. The final state of the photoelectric sensor is that the rotating wheel 21 is driven by the screw motor 241 to move forward to a position abutting the test tube. At this time, the photoelectric board is just completely separated from the sensing channel in the photoelectric sensor. The specific sensing principle is: when the U-shaped slider 251 moves to the point where the rotating wheel 21 abuts the surface of the test tube, the light between the photoelectric board and the photoelectric sensor is blocked, thereby realizing sensing. This sensing method can accurately determine whether the rotating mechanism 2 has reached the specified position.

[0020] Reference Figure 4 In particular, the positional relationship between the rotating wheel 21 and the clamping wheel 113 when clamping the test tube is that the rotating wheel 21 is located on the central axis between the two clamping wheels 113, and the two clamping wheels 113 are symmetrically arranged.

[0021] The specific working principle of the sample identification device of the present application is as follows: the conveying mechanism synchronously conveys the clamping rack 11 and the test tube rack 12 carrying ten test tubes. When conveying to the sample identification device of the present application, the external control system can control the conveying mechanism to pause, and then control the screw motor 241 of the sample identification device of the present application to start, thereby pushing the rotating wheel 21 to approach the first test tube until it abuts against the surface of the test tube. At this time, the photoelectric sensor senses that the rotating wheel 21 has reached the specified position and starts to start the motor to drive the rotating wheel 21 to rotate. The barcode of the test tube is rotated to the side of the clamping cavity 112 away from the test tube rack 12. After being scanned and identified by the scanning detection device 4, the control system controls the screw motor 241 to start and bring the rotating wheel 21 back to its original position, and at the same time controls the conveying device to continue conveying forward, and then performs rotation identification of the next test tube to achieve continuous automatic identification.

[0022] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: Transporting sample tubes: The transport mechanism simultaneously transports the clamping rack 11 and test tube rack 12, each holding ten test tubes, to the sample identification device. The clamping rack 11 securely holds the test tubes using a U-shaped clamping cavity 112, clamping wheels 113, and precisely designed spacing. The test tube rack 12 connects to the clamping cavity 112 via a limiting cavity 122, further restricting the position of the test tubes. The two are joined by a pusher assembly 13 to prevent shaking during transport.

[0023] Pause positioning: When transporting to the sample identification device, the external control system can control the transport mechanism to pause, so that the test tube stops accurately at the identification position.

[0024] The rotating wheel 21 approaches the test tube: The external control system activates the screw motor 241, which, through the screw nut 242 and the fixed shaft, drives the U-shaped slider 251 along the slide rail 252, thereby pushing the rotating wheel 21 toward the first test tube. During this process, the spring mounted on the outer wall of the fixed shaft acts as a buffer to prevent excessive impact on the test tube.

[0025] Arrival sensing: When the rotating wheel 21 contacts the surface of the test tube, the photoelectric plate on the U-shaped slider 251 is completely separated from the sensing channel of the photoelectric sensor, the light is blocked, and the photoelectric sensor senses that the rotating wheel 21 has reached the specified position.

[0026] Test tube rotation: The photoelectric sensor feeds back a signal to the control system, which starts the motor. The motor drives the rotating wheel 21 to rotate horizontally around the vertical axis through a belt, chain or gear transmission. Since the rotating wheel 21 is located on the central axis of the two clamping wheels 113 and is installed at the same height, the three wheels simultaneously abut the same horizontal plane of the test tube, and can evenly apply force to drive the test tube to rotate stably.

[0027] Barcode identification: The test tube rotates so that the barcode on the side wall is exposed and moves to the side of the clamping cavity 112 away from the test tube rack 12, and is scanned and identified by the scanning and detection device 4.

[0028] Continue conveying and cyclic identification: After the identification is completed, the control system controls the conveying device to continue conveying forward and rotates and identifies the next test tube according to the above process to achieve continuous automatic identification of samples.

[0029] Example 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a fully automatic fluorescence instrument, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , including the sample identification device in Example 1, and also including a conveying device, a scanning and detection device 4, a clamping and mixing device, a sample unloading device and a control system, wherein each device works in coordination, the conveying track 3 of the conveying device is provided with a test tube carrying mechanism 1, and the test tube carrying mechanism 1 is slidably matched with the conveying track 3 through a mounting plate 14, and the sample identification device and the scanning and detection device 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the conveying track 3 to act on the sample test tube on the conveying device.

[0030] In the sample identification device of this embodiment, the second clamping portion 111 is provided with a test tube rack detection slot 114 for scanning the detection device 4 to preliminarily detect whether there is a test tube rack 12. When the test tube rack 12 is detected, subsequent sample detection and identification work is performed.

[0031] The conveying device includes a conveying track 3, which is a linear conveying track 3. Conveying is performed via a conveying wheel assembly, a belt, and a guide rail. The mounting plate 14 in Example 1 is connected to the belt via a belt pressure plate to achieve stable conveying. To ensure that the rotating wheel 21 and the clamping wheel 113 are installed at the same height, a platform 5 is provided on the conveying device for placing the scanning detection device 4 and the sample identification device, so that each device can cooperate to complete the operation. A translation gap 51 is provided along the conveying track 3 at the position corresponding to the mounting plate 14 on the platform 5. The mounting plate 14 is used to drive the sample identification device to move back and forth within the translation gap 51. The rotating wheel 21 of the sample identification device on the platform 5 can precisely act on the test tube.

[0032] The clamping and mixing device is used to clamp and mix the sample. A common clamping method is a mechanical metal gripper that is driven by a motor to clamp and release. The mixing method is rotational mixing, where a motor drives the sample to rotate, allowing the sample to be thoroughly mixed under the action of centrifugal force.

[0033] The sample unloading device is used to unload the test tube rack 12 with the test tubes pushed out by the push rod to the unloading area for recovery.

[0034] The control system can be a programmable logic controller (PLC), which precisely controls every component of the fluorometer. The PLC programmatically controls the drive mechanism's motor, the conveyor belt motor, the detection and identification mechanism's detection actions, the gripper movements of the clamping and mixing mechanism, and the mixing motor, ensuring coordinated operation of all components. For cost-conscious individuals, a single-chip microcomputer control system can be chosen, as it offers lower costs but relatively simple control functions. For more complex control functions, such as data processing and remote monitoring, an industrial computer control system can be used.

[0035] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: the fully automatic fluorescence instrument realizes the automatic transportation, identification, detection, mixing and unloading of samples by combining with the conveying device, sample identification device, scanning detection device 4, clamping and mixing device, sample unloading device and control system. The simplified structure and efficient working mode of the sample identification device improve the sample processing efficiency of the entire fluorescence instrument and shorten the detection cycle. At the same time, the coordinated work between the various devices ensures the accuracy and reliability of sample detection. The precise control of the control system enables the entire fluorescence instrument to operate stably, meeting the requirements of modern medical testing for efficiency and accuracy.

[0036] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A sample identification device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test tube carrying mechanism (1) arranged on a sample conveying track (3) and a rotating mechanism (2) arranged on one side of the sample conveying track (3), wherein the test tube carrying mechanism (1) comprises a clamping frame (11) and a test tube rack (12) which can be assembled with each other, wherein the clamping frame (11) comprises at least two clamping parts (111) arranged along the sample conveying direction, wherein a clamping cavity (112) is formed between the two clamping parts (111), and the test tube rack (12) comprises at least two limiting parts (121). 1) forms a limiting cavity (122) for placing a test tube, the limiting portion (121) and the clamping portion (111) correspond one to one, the limiting cavity (122) is communicated with the clamping cavity (112), the rotating mechanism (2) and the two clamping portions (111) abut against the test tube at the same time, and the rotating mechanism (2) is used to move to abut against the test tube and drive the test tube to rotate, so that the barcode on the side wall of the test tube is exposed on the side of the clamping cavity (112) away from the test tube rack (12) for scanning and detection.

2. The sample identification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping wheel (113) is provided on the top of each clamping portion (111), two clamping wheels (113) correspondingly abut against one test tube, and the two clamping wheels (113) rotate horizontally around their vertical axes.

3. The sample identification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (2) comprises a linear drive component and a rotation drive component, wherein the linear drive component drives the rotation drive component to approach or move away from the test tube, and the rotation drive component abuts against the test tube and drives the test tube to rotate.

4. The sample identification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotation drive assembly comprises a rotating wheel (21) and a first driving member (22), wherein the first driving member (22) drives the rotating wheel (21) to rotate horizontally around its vertical axis, the rotating wheel (21) abuts against the test tube, and the rotating wheel (21) is located on the central axis between the two clamping wheels (113).

5. The sample identification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear drive assembly includes a base (23) and a second drive member (24) and a sliding member (25) both of which are arranged on the base (23). The sliding member (25) is slidably arranged on the base (23). The sliding member (25) is respectively connected to the second drive member (24) and the rotation drive assembly. The second drive member (24) drives the sliding member (25) to move linearly, thereby driving the rotation drive assembly to move linearly.

6. The sample identification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (2) further comprises a buffer assembly (26), wherein the buffer assembly (26) is arranged between the second driving member (24) and the sliding member (25).

7. The sample identification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (2) further includes a sensing component (27), which is arranged between the sliding member (25) and the base (23). The sensing component (27) includes a first sensing member (271) and a second sensing member (272). The first sensing member (271) is arranged on the sliding member (25), and the second sensing member (272) is arranged on the base (23). When the second driving member (24) drives the sliding member (25) to abut against the test tube, the first sensing member (271) and the second sensing member (272) are disengaged from the sensing cooperation.

8. The sample identification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The installation heights of the rotating wheel (21) and the clamping wheel (113) are consistent.

9. The sample identification device according to claim 1, wherein: A pushing assembly (13) is provided at the bottom of the clamping frame (11), and the pushing assembly (13) is connected to the test tube rack (12) and is used to push out the test tube rack (12) with the test tube placed thereon.

10. A fully automatic fluorescence instrument, characterized in that: The sample identification device comprises the sample identification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprises a conveying device, a scanning and detecting device (4), a clamping and mixing device, a sample unloading device and a control system, wherein the conveying track (3) of the conveying device is provided with the test tube carrying mechanism (1), the sample identification device and the scanning and detecting device (4) are respectively provided on both sides of the conveying track (3), and the devices act in coordination.

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