Vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor and charging method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor and a charging method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wireless charging and magnetic assemblies thereof. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor comprises a substrate shell, a coil array, a sensing network and a controller; the coil array consists of a plurality of excitation coil units and is accommodated in the substrate shell; the sensing network is composed of a plurality of three-axis magnetic field sensors, and the three-axis magnetic field sensors are arranged below the coil array in an array mode. And the controller is accommodated in the substrate shell and is electrically connected to each excitation coil unit in the coil array and each three-axis magnetic field sensor in the sensing network, and the controller is used for generating an excitation strategy for the coil array based on feedback of the sensing network. And excellent adaptability and stability are shown.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless charging and magnetic components thereof, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor and a charging method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In in-vehicle wireless charging applications, existing technologies rely primarily on a fixed transmitting coil to generate a constant magnetic field to charge the vehicle. This approach lacks effective real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment capabilities for vehicle position deviations or interference from external metal objects during the charging process.

[0003] This situation leads to the following specific issues: First, charging efficiency is heavily dependent on the precise alignment of the vehicle. Any deviation in position or posture will reduce the coupling between the transmitter and receiver, thereby reducing charging efficiency. Second, traditional technology cannot effectively identify and locate metal foreign objects such as tools and cans that accidentally enter the charging area. Not only does this cause heating due to eddy currents, posing a safety hazard, but it also interferes with the normal charging magnetic field, further affecting charging performance.

[0004] The root cause of these issues lies in the open-loop physical structure and control strategy of traditional charging solutions, which lack real-time, accurate sensing and feedback of the magnetic field environment in critical charging areas. Without feedback, closed-loop control cannot be established to proactively adapt to changing external conditions. As a result, in real-world scenarios, charging efficiency and safety are difficult to reliably guarantee, limiting the reliability of wireless charging technology and the user experience.

[0005] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor and a charging method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is to include: a substrate housing, a coil array, a sensor network and a controller; The coil array is composed of a plurality of excitation coil units and is accommodated in the substrate housing; The sensing network is composed of a plurality of three-axis magnetic field sensors, which are arranged in an array below the coil array; The controller is housed in the substrate housing and is electrically connected to each excitation coil unit in the coil array and each three-axis magnetic field sensor in the sensing network. The controller is used to generate an excitation strategy for the coil array based on feedback from the sensing network.

[0008] Preferably, the system further comprises a sensor mounting layer provided below the coil array, and the three-axis magnetic field sensor is fixed on the sensor mounting layer.

[0009] Preferably, a matrix groove is preset in the substrate shell for respectively embedding and fixing each excitation coil unit, and an independent controller compartment is also integrally formed on the substrate shell for accommodating the controller.

[0010] Preferably, each of the three-axis magnetic field sensors is arranged in a central area surrounded by four adjacent excitation coil units.

[0011] A vehicle-mounted wireless charging method comprises the following steps: Acquiring discrete magnetic field vector data, the controller drives the coil array to emit a detection signal and synchronously reads the three-axis magnetic field intensity data output by each of the three-axis magnetic field sensors in the sensing network to obtain discrete magnetic field vector data representing the magnetic field distribution in the charging area; generating a magnetic field space vector distribution map and extracting characteristic parameters, wherein the controller performs spatial interpolation calculations based on the discrete magnetic field vector data to generate a three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map, and analyzes the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map to extract coupling state characteristics representing the position and posture of the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal, and environmental interference characteristics representing the position of external metal objects; Adaptively generate and execute an excitation strategy, wherein the controller sets the coupling state characteristics and the environmental interference characteristics as optimization targets, and collaboratively adjusts the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit in the coil array to generate and execute an excitation strategy that focuses magnetic field energy on the vehicle-mounted receiving end and avoids the area where the environmental interference characteristics are located.

[0012] The computational logic for adaptively generating and executing the incentive strategy is a multi-objective optimization process that can be broken down into the following steps: Input source: The input of the process is the two sets of key feature parameters extracted in the previous step: the coupling state characteristics describing the position and posture of the receiving end, namely the center offset of the magnetic flux path and the inclination of the coupling plane; and the environmental interference characteristics describing the position of the metal foreign body.

[0013] Logical steps: Step 1: Define the optimization objective function; the controller constructs an objective function that aims to maximize the magnetic field strength and regularity in the effective coupling area while minimizing the magnetic field strength in the area where the environmental interference features are located.

[0014] Step 2: Initialize the excitation parameters; the controller sets a set of initial current amplitude and phase for each excitation coil unit in the coil array.

[0015] Step 3: Iterative Solution: The controller uses a numerical optimization algorithm, such as a gradient descent-based algorithm or particle swarm optimization algorithm, to iteratively adjust the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit. In each iteration, the algorithm predicts the magnetic field distribution generated based on the current excitation parameters and evaluates its effect based on the optimization objective function. The algorithm adjusts the parameters in a direction that improves the objective function value until the function converges or reaches the preset optimization accuracy.

[0016] Output and Flow: The final output of the process is a set of optimal current amplitude and phase parameters for all excitation coil units. This set of parameters is immediately transmitted by the controller to the coil array's drive circuit, which executes the excitation strategy and completes the reshaping and focusing of the magnetic field. Preferably, the step of extracting coupling state characteristics further includes determining the area with the highest magnetic field intensity and regular magnetic field direction in the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution diagram as an effective coupling area, and based on the geometric center, normal direction and area of ​​the effective coupling area, respectively calculating the magnetic flux path center offset representing the position of the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal and the coupling plane inclination representing its posture.

[0017] Preferably, the step of extracting environmental interference characteristics further includes calculating the spatial change rate of the magnetic field intensity at each point in the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map, and determining the area where the spatial change rate is higher than a preset gradient threshold as the interference source location caused by external metal objects.

[0018] Preferably, the step of generating and executing the excitation strategy further includes the controller setting the historical coupling state characteristics within a preset time period before the current moment as the predicted input, setting the target position and target posture of the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal after a preset time offset in the future as the predicted output, and adjusting the current amplitude and phase of the excitation coil unit based on the predicted output.

[0019] The present invention provides an improved vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor and a charging method thereof, which has the following improvements and advantages compared to the prior art: 1. The core of this solution is to build a closed-loop control system. Through a sensor network composed of multiple three-axis magnetic field sensors, discrete magnetic field vector data is collected in real time. The controller can generate a three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map based on this data; this map is like drawing an accurate map for the magnetic field, so that the system no longer emits energy blindly. Based on this map, the controller can dynamically reshape the magnetic field shape by collaboratively adjusting the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit in the coil array, accurately focusing the magnetic field energy on the vehicle receiving end, and actively avoiding areas with environmental interference characteristics. This capability allows the system to compensate even if there is an offset in the parking position of the vehicle, ensuring efficient energy transmission and demonstrating excellent adaptability and stability; 2. The solution refines the extraction of coupling state characteristics. After generating a three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map, the system can determine the effective coupling area by analyzing the magnetic field strength and directional regularity. Based on the geometric center, normal direction, and area of ​​this area, two key parameters can be accurately calculated: the magnetic flux path center offset and the coupling plane inclination. The former is used to quantify the position deviation of the receiving end on the horizontal plane, while the latter quantifies its tilt attitude. This transforms the fuzzy concept of position attitude into a specific value that can be used by the controller, providing a precise optimization target for the subsequent adaptive generation and execution steps of the excitation strategy. 3. The solution's extraction of environmental interference features exploits the physical principle that metallic foreign objects can cause drastic changes in magnetic field gradients. The controller calculates the spatial rate of change of magnetic field intensity at each point in the three-dimensional magnetic field vector distribution map and identifies areas above a preset gradient threshold as interference sources caused by external metal objects. This method accurately distinguishes tiny metallic foreign objects from the background magnetic field. When subsequently generating the excitation strategy, the controller proactively adjusts the coil array's excitation to steer the magnetic field away from these interference sources, avoiding safety risks posed by heating from foreign objects. 4. To address subtle dynamic changes at the receiving end caused by vehicle suspension changes or occupant movement, the solution incorporates a predictive mechanism when generating the excitation strategy. Based on historical coupling state characteristics from a preset time period before the current moment, the controller infers the target position and attitude of the on-board receiver at a preset time offset in the future. Adjusting the excitation based on this prediction effectively compensates for the system's internal delay from measurement to execution, enabling the magnetic field energy focus to proactively adapt to the dynamic changes at the receiving end, thereby maintaining continuous and stable energy transmission even when the vehicle is not completely stationary. 5. Physically, the matrix of grooves pre-designed within the baseplate housing precisely secures each excitation coil unit, ensuring constant relative position between coils. The added sensor mounting layer solidifies the spatial relationship between the sensor and coil array, eliminating measurement errors introduced by sensor displacement. Furthermore, the integrated, independent controller compartment provides effective physical isolation and environmental protection for the core processing unit. These design features collectively enhance the overall device's integration, durability, and operational reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and Examples: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the charging substrate; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the sensor network; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coil array; Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the fisheye terminal; In the figure: 100, charging substrate; 200, coil array; 210, excitation coil unit; 300, sensing network; 310, three-axis magnetic field sensor, fisheye terminal 400. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 See also Figures 1 to 5 , the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor, comprising: a substrate housing, a coil array 200, a sensor network 300 and a controller; The coil array 200 is composed of a plurality of excitation coil units 210 and is housed in a substrate housing; The sensing network 300 is composed of a plurality of three-axis magnetic field sensors 310 , which are arranged in an array below the coil array 200 ; The controller is housed in the substrate housing and is electrically connected to each excitation coil unit 210 in the coil array 200 and each three-axis magnetic field sensor 310 in the sensing network 300 . The controller is used to generate an excitation strategy for the coil array 200 based on feedback from the sensing network 300 .

[0023] Conventional wireless charging technologies lack effective real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment capabilities for vehicle position deviations or interference from external metal objects during charging, impacting charging efficiency and safety. In the present invention, a fully functional on-board wireless charging coil inductor is constructed by integrating a coil array 200, a sensor network 300, and a controller within a single substrate housing. The coil array 200 comprises multiple independently controllable excitation coil units 210, which generate the magnetic field required for wireless charging. The sensor network 300 comprises multiple three-axis magnetic field sensors 310 arranged in an array, which capture the spatial distribution of the magnetic field in real time. The controller, as the core processing unit, is electrically connected to the coil array 200 and sensor network 300, receiving real-time feedback from the sensor network 300 and generating and executing an excitation strategy for the coil array 200 accordingly. This structure enables dynamic adjustment of the magnetic field during charging based on actual conditions. Compared to traditional fixed-field charging methods, it exhibits greater adaptability and stability when dealing with improperly parked vehicles or interference from metal objects.

[0024] The device also includes a sensor mounting layer disposed below the coil array 200. A three-axis magnetic field sensor 310 is fixed to the sensor mounting layer. The pins of the coil array 200 are fixed to the charging substrate via fisheye terminals 400. The fisheye terminals 400 are pin-shaped and have a U-shaped groove at one end for snap-fitting with the pins of the coil array 200. The other end of the fisheye terminals 400 can be directly inserted into a PCB hole on the charging substrate for conductive connection without using solder paste or solder bar. To ensure the accuracy of the data collected by the sensor network 300, the physical position of the sensor must be precise and stable; in this embodiment, a sensor mounting layer is added. The sensor mounting layer, which can specifically be a printed circuit board (PCB), is located directly below the coil array 200, and all three-axis magnetic field sensors 310 that make up the sensor network 300 are directly fixed to this sensor mounting layer. The purpose of this design is to solidify the relative spatial position relationship between the sensor and the coil array 200 through a dedicated mounting layer; this constant and precise positioning is the basis for subsequent effective magnetic field space topology mapping. It eliminates measurement errors that may be introduced due to inaccurate sensor position or displacement, thereby improving the credibility of the entire system's analysis of the magnetic field distribution state.

[0025] A matrix groove is preset in the substrate shell for respectively embedding and fixing each excitation coil unit 210. An independent controller compartment is also integrally formed on the substrate shell for accommodating the controller.

[0026] To ensure reliable integration and protection of the various functional components, the substrate housing in this embodiment employs a specific internal structure. The substrate housing can be injection-molded from a non-metallic, high-strength composite material, and its interior is pre-set with multiple independent matrix-shaped grooves. Each excitation coil unit 210 is individually embedded and fixed within a corresponding groove, for example, by encapsulation with epoxy resin. This ensures the stability of the coil units' positions and precise spacing during operation. Furthermore, an independent, sealed controller compartment is integrally formed on the substrate housing. The controller, as an integrated, dedicated electronic control unit, is integrally mounted within this compartment. This design physically separates the coil array 200 that generates the magnetic field from the electronic hardware that performs control. The independent controller compartment provides effective environmental protection for the controller, preventing external factors such as dust and moisture from affecting its normal operation, thereby improving the durability and operational reliability of the entire device.

[0027] Each three-axis magnetic field sensor 310 is disposed in a central area surrounded by four adjacent excitation coil units 210 .

[0028] The layout of sensors is directly related to the quality of magnetic field mapping. In this embodiment, the specific locations of the three-axis magnetic field sensors 310 in the sensor network 300 are defined. Each three-axis magnetic field sensor 310, which can be specifically a Hall effect sensor, is located in the central area surrounded by four adjacent excitation coil units 210. The sensors are placed in the center of the gap between the coils, rather than directly below the coils, in order to capture vector information in areas where the magnetic field lines have the most complex morphology. This layout enables the sensor network 300 to form a distributed measurement grid covering the entire charging area. The resulting data point set can more comprehensively reflect the overall distribution characteristics of the magnetic field, especially the coupling and field synergy between the coils, providing high-quality raw data input for the subsequent construction of a continuous and smooth three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map through spatial interpolation algorithms.

[0029] Example 2 A vehicle-mounted wireless charging method comprises the following steps: To obtain discrete magnetic field vector data, the controller drives the coil array 200 to emit a detection signal and simultaneously reads the three-axis magnetic field intensity data output by each three-axis magnetic field sensor 310 in the sensor network 300 to obtain discrete magnetic field vector data representing the magnetic field distribution in the charging area; Generate a magnetic field space vector distribution map and extract characteristic parameters. The controller performs spatial interpolation calculations based on the discrete magnetic field vector data to generate a three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map. The three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map is then analyzed to extract coupling state characteristics that characterize the position and posture of the vehicle-mounted receiver, as well as environmental interference characteristics that characterize the location of external metal objects. The excitation strategy is adaptively generated and executed. The controller sets the coupling state characteristics and environmental interference characteristics as optimization targets, and coordinates the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit 210 in the coil array 200 to generate and execute an excitation strategy that focuses the magnetic field energy on the vehicle-mounted receiving end and avoids the area where the environmental interference characteristics are located.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for controlling in-vehicle wireless charging, based on the aforementioned inductor of the in-vehicle wireless charging coil. The method achieves dynamic management of the charging process through the organic combination of three steps. The process begins by acquiring discrete magnetic field vector data. In this step, the controller drives all excitation coil units 210 in the coil array 200 at low power to emit a standardized detection signal and simultaneously reads the magnetic field strength data in the X, Y, and Z directions measured by each three-axis magnetic field sensor 310 in the sensor network 300, thereby obtaining a discrete set of magnetic field vector data points covering the charging area. Next, a magnetic field space vector distribution map is generated and characteristic parameters are extracted. Using the known sensor positions and measured data, the controller uses a spatial interpolation algorithm, such as an algorithm based on inverse distance weighting, to expand the discrete data points into a continuous, smooth three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map. Based on this map, the controller analyzes information such as field strength distribution and directional regularity to extract coupling state characteristics that describe the relative position and posture of the receiver, as well as environmental interference characteristics representing the location of external metal objects, as indicated by the anomalous magnetic field gradient. After acquiring this critical information, the method then proceeds to the step of adaptively generating and executing the excitation strategy. The controller uses the extracted coupling state characteristics and environmental interference characteristics as adjustment targets and constraints. By collaboratively adjusting the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit 210 in the coil array 200, it dynamically reshapes the magnetic field, focusing its energy as much as possible on the on-board receiver while actively avoiding areas where metal interference objects are located.

[0031] The step of extracting coupling state characteristics further includes determining the area with the highest magnetic field intensity and regular magnetic field direction in the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution diagram as the effective coupling area, and based on the geometric center, normal direction and area of ​​the effective coupling area, respectively calculating the magnetic flux path center offset representing the position of the vehicle-mounted receiving end and the coupling plane inclination representing its posture.

[0032] To quantify the position and attitude of the receiver, this embodiment refines the steps for extracting coupling state features. After the controller generates a three-dimensional magnetic field vector distribution map, it executes an analysis algorithm to locate the receiver. This algorithm searches the entire distribution map to find a region that satisfies both the highest magnetic field intensity and the most consistent direction of the magnetic field's Z-axis component. This region is then identified as the effective coupling region. After determining the effective coupling region, the controller can perform precise parameter calculations. For example, the physical distance between the geometric center point of the region and the center of the charging substrate 100 is calculated as the magnetic flux path center offset, which accurately describes the positional misalignment of the receiver in the horizontal plane. Simultaneously, by performing a plane fit on the Z-axis magnetic field component data for all points in the region, a normal direction to the fitted plane is obtained. This direction accurately quantifies the receiver's attitude, namely, the coupling plane inclination. In this way, the previously vague concept of position and attitude is converted into a concrete value that the controller can directly use for calculation and compensation.

[0033] The step of extracting the environmental interference characteristics further includes calculating the spatial variation rate of the magnetic field intensity at each point in the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map, and determining the area where the spatial variation rate is higher than a preset gradient threshold as the location of the interference source caused by the external metal object; The preset gradient threshold is set based on the fact that it must be higher than the magnetic field gradient caused by the on-board receiver itself, while being sensitive enough to capture the more severe local magnetic field distortion caused by typical metal foreign objects, such as tools and cans, in the magnetic field. In specific implementation, this threshold can be determined through experimental calibration: first, in a standard coupling state with no foreign objects and only the receiver present, the spatial change rate of the magnetic field in the entire area is measured and counted, and the maximum value is taken as the benchmark; a standard metal test piece with the minimum detectable size is placed in the charging area, and the spatial change rate caused by it is measured; the final preset gradient threshold is set to a safe value between the aforementioned baseline value and the value caused by the metal test piece, thereby ensuring efficient recognition of foreign objects and immunity to normal coupling.

[0034] To effectively detect external metal objects that may affect charging safety and efficiency, this embodiment refines the steps for extracting environmental interference features. This step utilizes the principle that external metal objects and the onboard receiver cause different distortion characteristics in the coil magnetic field. The controller calculates the spatial rate of change, or gradient, of the magnetic field intensity at each point in the entire three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map. As the coupling target, the onboard receiver causes a wider range of magnetic field changes, resulting in a relatively gentle spatial rate of change. In contrast, external metal objects force the magnetic field lines to twist sharply at their edges, forming a narrow region with an extremely high spatial rate of change. Based on this, by setting a reasonable gradient threshold that is higher than the rate of change in the normal coupling region, the controller can filter out all areas in the map where the magnetic field intensity experiences irregular and dramatic jumps, and mark these high-gradient areas as interference sources caused by external metal objects. This gradient analysis-based method can accurately distinguish metal interference from the background magnetic field.

[0035] The step of generating and executing the excitation strategy further includes the controller setting historical coupling state characteristics within a preset time period before the current moment as a prediction input, setting the target position and target posture of the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal after a preset time offset in the future as a prediction output, and adjusting the current amplitude and phase of the excitation coil unit 210 based on the prediction output; In order to cope with dynamic changes in the receiving end caused by changes in vehicle suspension or occupant movement, this embodiment introduces a prediction mechanism for the steps of generating and executing the excitation strategy. Before making adjustments, the controller will refer to and maintain a short-term historical data queue containing timestamps and consisting of the most recent coupling state feature data points. By analyzing the continuous position and posture changes in this queue, the controller can calculate the movement speed and direction of the receiving end and the tilt angular velocity of the posture. Based on this, the adjustment target set by the controller is not the currently measured state, but the target position and target posture calculated by combining the current state with the calculated change rate after a very short time offset in the future. This is the predicted output. Subsequently, the controller adjusts the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit 210 based on this predicted output. This adjustment method can compensate for the inherent delay of the system from measurement to execution, so that the focusing and shaping of the magnetic field energy can actively cater to the dynamic changes of the receiving end, thereby maintaining relatively stable and continuous energy transmission even when the vehicle is not completely stationary. The preset time period defines the length of the historical data window used to calculate dynamic trends at the receiver. Its selection requires a balance between response speed and noise suppression: a shorter time period allows for faster response to dynamic changes but is more susceptible to measurement noise; a longer time period provides smoother and more stable trend predictions but is slower to respond to sudden changes. The preset time offset primarily compensates for the system's inherent computational and execution delays. Its value is approximately equal to the total time from the completion of sensor data acquisition to the implementation of the new excitation strategy on the excitation coil. Both parameters can be optimized during the system commissioning phase based on the controller's processing capabilities and the system's physical response characteristics.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor, characterized in that: include: A substrate housing, a coil array (200), a sensor network (300), and a controller; The coil array (200) is composed of a plurality of excitation coil units (210) and is accommodated in the substrate housing; The sensing network (300) is composed of a plurality of three-axis magnetic field sensors (310), and the three-axis magnetic field sensors (310) are arranged in an array below the coil array (200); The controller is accommodated in the substrate housing and is electrically connected to each excitation coil unit (210) in the coil array (200) and each three-axis magnetic field sensor (310) in the sensing network (300). The controller is used to generate an excitation strategy based on feedback from the sensing network (300) by collaboratively adjusting the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit (210) in the coil array (200) to focus magnetic field energy on the vehicle-mounted receiving end and avoid areas where environmental interference features are located.

2. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor mounting layer provided below the coil array (200), and the three-axis magnetic field sensor (310) is fixed on the sensor mounting layer.

3. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A matrix groove is preset in the substrate housing for respectively embedding and fixing each excitation coil unit (210), and an independent controller compartment is also integrally formed on the substrate housing for accommodating the controller.

4. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the three-axis magnetic field sensors (310) is arranged in a central area surrounded by four adjacent excitation coil units (210).

5. A vehicle-mounted wireless charging method, characterized in that: The implementation of the vehicle-mounted wireless charging coil inductor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 includes the following steps: Acquiring discrete magnetic field vector data, the controller drives the coil array (200) to emit a detection signal, and synchronously reads the three-axis magnetic field intensity data output by each of the three-axis magnetic field sensors (310) in the sensor network (300), so as to obtain discrete magnetic field vector data representing the magnetic field distribution in the charging area; generating a magnetic field space vector distribution map and extracting characteristic parameters, wherein the controller performs spatial interpolation calculations based on the discrete magnetic field vector data to generate a three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map, and analyzes the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map to extract coupling state characteristics representing the position and posture of the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal, and environmental interference characteristics representing the position of external metal objects; An excitation strategy is adaptively generated and executed, wherein the controller sets the coupling state characteristics and the environmental interference characteristics as optimization targets, and collaboratively adjusts the current amplitude and phase of each excitation coil unit (210) in the coil array (200) to generate and execute an excitation strategy that focuses magnetic field energy on the vehicle-mounted receiving end and avoids the area where the environmental interference characteristics are located.

6. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of extracting coupling state characteristics further includes determining the area with the highest magnetic field intensity and regular magnetic field direction in the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution diagram as an effective coupling area, and based on the geometric center, normal direction and area of ​​the effective coupling area, respectively calculating the magnetic flux path center offset representing the position of the vehicle-mounted receiving end and the coupling plane inclination representing its posture.

7. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of extracting environmental interference features further includes calculating the spatial change rate of the magnetic field intensity at each point in the three-dimensional magnetic field space vector distribution map, and determining the area where the spatial change rate is higher than a preset gradient threshold as the interference source location caused by external metal objects.

8. The vehicle-mounted wireless charging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of generating and executing the excitation strategy further includes the controller setting the historical coupling state characteristics within a preset time period before the current moment as a prediction input, setting the target position and target posture of the vehicle-mounted receiving terminal after a preset time offset in the future as a prediction output, and adjusting the current amplitude and phase of the excitation coil unit (210) based on the prediction output.

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