The invention discloses a
magnetic moment comparator device and a measurement method. The
magnetic moment of the current-carrying standard coil is in direct proportion to the
magnetic field generated at a fixed distance on the axis, and according to the principle that a
magnetic dipole layer and the current-carrying coil have equivalence in
electromagnetism, when the space
magnetic field can be accurately measured, the current-carrying standard coil can be used for measuring the
magnetic moment of a magnetic sample at the same position. A magnetic moment
comparator is designed in a magnetic shielding cylinder, an
atomic magnetometer is used for measuring an absolute
magnetic field with high sensitivity, a current-carrying standard coil is placed at the position, with the distance being r0, of one side of an atomic
gas chamber in the direction of a background magnetic field, and the axis of the current-carrying standard coil is parallel to the direction of the background magnetic field; the magnetic moment direction of the magnetic sample is parallel to the background magnetic field direction, when the magnetic sample is moved by the sample transfer rod to the position, which is r0 away from the atomic
gas chamber, of the other side of the atomic
gas chamber, the current introduced into the standard coil is changed in real time by keeping the background magnetic field unchanged as a judgment condition, and the magnetic moment of the magnetic sample is equal to the magnetic moment of the current-carrying standard coil; the directions are opposite.