The invention relates to a wide-dynamic-range high-temperature superconducting magnetometer comprising a superconducting quantum probe, a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, a readout circuit, a data collection system and a micro-processor, wherein the superconducting quantum probe is arranged in a Helmholtz coil, more particularly, the superconducting quantum probe is connected with the Helmholtz coil via the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, the readout circuit, the data collection system, the micro-processor, a constant-current source gear-selecting circuit and an adjustable constant-current source; and the readout circuit is formed by connecting a signal processing circuit with the constant-current source gear-selecting circuit. By using the standard magnetic field generated by the Helmholtz coil, part of the external magnetic field to be measured can be neutralized, and the value of the residual magnetic field to be measured after neutralization can be always within the dynamic range of the high-temperature superconducting magnetometer, the actual value of the magnetic field to be measured can be obtained by adding the value of the neutralized magnetic field to the detection value of the high-temperature superconducting magnetometer, thus preventing the sensitivity and accuracy of the high-temperature superconducting magnetometer from being reduced, widening the dynamic range thereof and meeting the operation requirements thereof within various measurement environments. Above all, the high-temperature superconducting magnetometer is suitable for the geophysical exploration in field sections where the electromagnetic interference is high.