306 results about "Physical unit" patented technology

A configuration system for a process plant uses module class objects to assist in configuring, organizing and changing the control and display activities within the process plant. Each module class object generically models or represents a process entity, such as a unit, a piece of equipment, a control activity, etc., and may be used to create instances of the object, called module objects, which represent and are tied to specific equipment within the process plant. The module class objects may represent process entities of any desired scope, which means that a single module class object may be used to configure the control and display activities of process entities of any desired scope within the process plant, instead of just at a control module level. In particular, module class objects of a large scope may be used to configure large sections or portions of the process plant, which makes configuration of the process plant easier and less time consuming. A module class object may be a unit module class object reflecting a physical unit within the process plant, an equipment module class object reflecting a physical piece of equipment within the process plant, a control module class object reflecting a control module or scheme within the process plant, or a display module class object reflecting a display routine that provides information to a user within the process plant.

The device is a miniature, self-contained solid state orientation sensor. The unit utilizes three magnetometers and three accelerometers to calculate pitch, roll, and yaw (compass heading) angles relative to the earth's magnetic and gravitational fields. The three orientation angles are output in digital RS232 or optional multi-drop RS485. The device can also be programmed to provide raw accelerometer and magnetometer data in true physical units. The device is capable of measuring angles from 0 to 360 degrees on the yaw axis, 0 to 360 degrees on the pitch axis, and −70 to +70 degrees on the roll axis. The yaw output is compensated for errors due to pitch and roll using embedded algorithms. Applications include fast solid state compassing, robotics, virtual reality, down-hole well drilling, and body position tracking for biomedical and multimedia applications.

A system and method for memory mapping are provided, the system including a logical unit to physical unit map table, data unit groups in signal communication with the map table, and log unit groups, each associated with a corresponding one of the data unit groups, where updated data for any data unit within one of the data unit groups is stored in any log unit within the corresponding one of the log unit groups, and the method including receiving write data for a logical unit number from a host determining which of a plurality of data block groups comprises the logical unit number, and storing the write data in any unfilled log unit of a log block group corresponding to the determined data block group.

An apparatus and method for reorganizing mapping information in a flash memory are provided. The apparatus includes a sector-managing module that secures a mapping sector where mapping information is recorded in a physical unit, and determines whether user data is recorded up to a sector located in a predetermined position, and a mapping-information-recording module that records the mapping information in the mapping sector according to a result of the determination. Here, the mapping information includes a relation of a physical sector storing the user data and a logical sector corresponding to the physical sector.

System and method for developing a measurement program that performs a measurement function. A measurement program is created in a development environment in response to first user input, possibly including configuring a physical unit under test (UUT) with one or more parameter values. The measurement program includes icons that visually indicate the measurement function, and is executable to receive signals from the physical (UUT). Second user input is received specifying that the measurement program is to receive simulated data instead of signals from the physical UUT. In response, the development environment is configured to provide the simulated data to the measurement program, possibly including configuring the simulated data according to the parameter value(s). The configuring does not change the measurement program. After the configuration, the measurement program is executed, where during execution the measurement program receives the simulated data and performs the measurement function on the simulated data.

The invention discloses a combination inertial sensor based on a multi-component atom interferometer and a measurement method of the combination inertial sensor, and relates to the technical field of inertial measurement through atom interference. The combination inertial sensor comprises a first inertial-moment-sensitive cold atom interferometer, a second inertial-moment-sensitive cold atom interferometer and a vacuum communication cavity, wherein the first inertial-moment-sensitive cold atom interferometer and the second inertial-moment-sensitive cold atom interferometer are the same in structure. The vacuum communication cavity is communicated with an atom interference area of the first inertial-moment-sensitive cold atom interferometer and an atom interference area of the second inertial-moment-sensitive cold atom interferometer in the horizontal direction. According to the measurement method, multi-frequency laser light is used for simultaneously and independently manipulating two types of alkali metal atoms in the same physical unit, wherein the acceleration and the gravity gradient of one type of alkali metal atoms are measured through a three-pulse pi / 2-pi-pi / 2 Raman laser sequence, and the rotating speed of the other type of alkali metal atoms is measured through a four-pulse pi / 2-pi-pi-pi / 2 Raman laser sequence. Synchronous measurement of a plurality of inertial moments is realized through a simplex physical device at the same time, and the combination inertial sensor based on the multi-component atom interferometer and the measurement method of the combination inertial sensor can play an important role in inertial navigation, resource exploration, earthquake monitoring, physical geographical research and other fields.

Provided are a wireless network system and a method of transmitting / receiving data in the wireless network system, which separately set a period where a packet for requesting and approving bandwidth allocation of a network in a super frame period is transmitted / received, and as a result, transmit / receive data through the allocated bandwidth. Also provided is a wireless network coordinator, which includes an MAC unit which generates a beacon frame for organizing a super frame including at least one or more channel time blocks, and bandwidth management unit which sets a specific channel time block among the channel time blocks as a period where a bandwidth allocation packet in the network is transmitted / received, and a physical unit which transmits the beacon frame including information on the setting by the bandwidth management unit through a designated communication channel.

A flash memory management system for a memory for accessing data from a host, the system including physical units and virtual units of the memory and a mapping mechanism of each virtual unit into one or more physical units, wherein the number of binary bits required for accessing each of the virtual units is less than the number of binary bits required for accessing each of the physical units.

The invention relates to a strip steel quality forecasting, furnace condition early-warning and fault diagnosis method, in particular to a strip steel quality forecasting, furnace condition early-warning and fault diagnosis method based on partial least square, comprising the following steps: model selection: multiple models are adopted to describe the process characteristics of corresponding steel types; data preprocessing: data alignment based on the model is carried out, synchronization relation of process input and quality output is built and data dimensionless treatment is carried out to eliminate effect of process data on modeling precision owning to non-unity of physical units; an off-line model building; a PLS (partial least square) model for strip steel quality and process variable is built by utilizing a great amount of historical data in normal working conditions; determining control limit of an monitor-control index; determining variable quantity control limit; and on-line forecasting and on-line detection and fault diagnosis. In the invention, the model for the strip steel quality and the process variable is built by PLS algorithm, so as to realize real-time quality forecasting, process monitoring and fault diagnosis.

A data backup method for backing up data temporarily stored in a cache memory of a flash memory storage device is provided, where the flash memory storage device has a plurality of physical units. The data backup method includes logically grouping a portion of the physical units into a data area and a cache area. The data backup method also includes determining whether a trigger signal is received; and when the trigger signal is received, copying the data temporarily stored in the cache memory into the cache area. Accordingly, the data backup method can quickly write the data temporarily stored in the cache memory into the physical units, thereby preventing a time out problem which may occur in the flash memory storage device.

A method of re-mapping a flash memory, which minimizes the number of times the flash memory, is accessed and helps to evenly use the entire area of the flash memory, is provided. The method includes arranging a plurality of physical units yet to be mapped according to their erase count values, and sequentially mapping the physical units to a logic unit in such a manner that a physical unit having a smaller erase count value is mapped to the logic unit ahead of a physical unit having a larger erase count value.

The invention discloses a glass deep processing production line distributed integration method and a system thereof. Four physical units in different regions establish real-time communication and action synchronization with a glass deep processing production line simulation model through a communication interface in different time periods, an upper computer transmits an actual production information instruction to perform glass deep processing simulation production, distributed integration testing is performed on the networked physical units and whether the no-load acting situation of the networked physical units meets the preset production requirements is detected, wherein the distributed integration test includes the longitudinal integration test and the transverse integration test. Integration and fusion of full elements, whole process and full service data of the whole simulation production line and the whole physical production line can be realized through bidirectional real mapping and real-time information interaction of the virtual simulation platform and the physical equipment of the production line under driving of the digital twinning technology so that finally deployment and establishment of the whole glass deep processing production line can be completed.

In a system for operation or handling of a laboratory microchip (41) for chemical processing or analysis, the microchip (41) is mounted in a first physical unit (42). The microchip (41) is arranged on a mounting plate, such that it is readily accessible from the top and thus the fitting and removal of the microchip is considerably simplified. Furthermore, the first physical unit (42) comprises an optical device (43) for contactless detection of the results of the chemical processes conducted on the microchip. The supply systems necessary for the operation of the microchip are arranged in a module unit that has a separable connection with a second physical unit. The proposed modular layout enables ease of interchangeability of the required supply systems and thus, overall, ease of adaptability of the proposed system for various types of microchips.

A memory management and writing method for managing a plurality of physical units of a memory chip is provided. The present method includes grouping the physical units into a first physical unit group and a second physical unit group, recording and calculating a first erase count of the first physical unit group and a second erase count of the second physical unit group, and calculating an erase count difference between the first erase count and the second erase count. The present method also includes determining whether the erase count difference is larger than an erase count difference threshold when a write command is received. The method further includes executing a switched writing procedure to write data corresponding to the write command into the memory chip when the erase count difference is larger than the erase count difference threshold. Thereby, the lifespan of the memory chip is effectively prolonged.

A block management method for a flash memory chip having multiple planes is provided, wherein each plane has a plurality of physical blocks. The method includes disposing a plurality of physical units, wherein each physical unit includes a physical block of each plane, and the physical blocks in the physical unit have a simultaneously-operable relationship. The method also includes writing data in a single plane access mode when a host system does not update all the physical blocks in an updated the physical unit. The method further includes writing the data in a multi-planes access mode when the host system updates all the physical blocks in the updated physical unit, wherein the physical blocks for writing the data have the simultaneously-operable relationship.

An image of a physical environment is acquired that comprises a plurality of pixels, each pixel including a two-dimensional pixel location in the image plane and a depth value corresponding to a distance between a region of the physical environment and the image plane. For each pixel, the two dimensional pixel location and the depth value is converted into a corresponding three-dimensional point in the physical environment defined by three coordinate components, each of which has a value in physical units of measurement. A set of edge points is determined within the plurality of three-dimensional points based, at least in part, on the z coordinate component of the plurality of points and a distance map is generated comprising a matrix of cells. For each cell of the distance map, a distance value is assigned representing a distance between the cell and the closest edge point to that cell.

Used is a nonvolatile memory such as a multi-level NAND flash memory having memory cells for holding data of a plurality of pages. When the data is to be written in the nonvolatile memory 110, a physical unit is consisted in units of a plurality of paired pages. When all the physical units cannot be written, the data is copied from an old physical block holding an already written effective data, and is written in a new physical block till the written, from the first section of a new physical unit, so that an error can be prevented.

A mapping table updating method, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are provided. The method includes: receiving a write command; recording physical-to-logical mapping information of write data corresponding to the write command into a first mapping table in a buffer memory; storing the physical-to-logical mapping information of the write data into a physical unit in a rewritable non-volatile memory module according to the first mapping table; updating the physical-to-logical mapping information of the write data recorded in the first mapping table, where the updated physical-to-logical mapping information only includes partial information of the physical-to-logical mapping information; and updating a second mapping table according to the updated physical-to-logical mapping information recorded in the first mapping table. Accordingly, the usage space of the first mapping table may be saved.

A data writing method for writing data into physical blocks of a memory storage apparatus, and a memory controller and a memory storage apparatus using the same are provided, the physical blocks are grouped into a plurality of physical units. The method includes switching the speed mode of the memory storage apparatus into a first speed mode or a second speed mode according to a command and a work frequency received from a host system. The method also includes selecting a first writing mode to write the data into the physical units when the speed mode is the first speed mode. The method further includes selecting a second writing mode to write the data into the physical units when the speed mode is the second speed mode. Accordingly, the method can effectively shorten the time of executing a write command from the host system.

A block management method for a flash memory of a storage system is provided, wherein the flash memory includes a plurality of physical blocks. The block management method includes grouping the physical blocks into a plurality of physical units, and grouping the physical units into a data area, a spare area, and a replacement area. The block management method further includes performing a first physical unit switch which switches the physical units between the data area and the spare area, and performing a second physical unit switch which switches the physical units between the spare area and the replacement area. Therefore, the block management method can uniformly use the physical blocks and thereby effectively prolong a lifespan of the storage system.

The invention discloses a method for simulating the temperature cracking value of mass concrete. The method comprises the following steps of: I, establishing a physical model of concrete, wherein the physical model consists of aggregate and mortar; II, dispersing the physical model obtained in the step I into a series of physical units; III, inserting thickness interface units among the physical model units obtained in the step II to form a concrete mesoscopic model; IV, simulating the temperature field of concrete; and V, simulating the mesoscopic cracking process of the concrete model under the temperature field in the step IV by adopting a continuous-discrete coupling method. In the method, the shape and gradation of aggregate particles and the random distribution condition of the aggregate particles in a calculating domain are fully considered, so that the microstructure of concrete can be simulated more really, the generation, expansion and penetration of cracks in the mass concrete can be simulated more really, and an entire process ranging from small deformation to large deformation till destroy of a concrete material can be reflected.

The invention relates to a shaft drive unit, in particular an electrical drive unit for driving a wheel shaft in vehicles; having an electrical machine comprising a rotor and a stator; having a transmission unit, comprising at least one input connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor of the electrical machine, and at least one output connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the wheel shaft. The electrical machine, the input and the output of the transmission unit and the wheel shaft are arranged coaxially with respect to one another. The electrical machine has at least one associated converter unit and one associated braking resistor unit. The converter unit forms a physical unit with the electrical machine. The braking resistor unit is arranged in the immediate physical vicinity of the electrical machine and around the circumference of the input or output drive shaft of the electrical machine or of the wheel shaft.

The present invention concerns interprocess communication systems consisting of an arbitrary number of homogeneous or heterogeneous physically connected units, where a central unit executes at least one central process-called Central Process-and at least one of the units executes peripheral process(es), which are connected to the Central Process via at least one standing logical bidirectional connection. The Central Process assigns logical identifications to the connections of the peripheral processes. Using these logical identifications, peripheral processes can communicate independently of the physical units with selected peripheral processes or connections. Peripheral processes of the same kind can be exchanged transparently for other peripheral processes.Peripheral processes can maintain parallel connections to multiple Central Processes and Central Processes can be linked directly or indirectly via links to arbitrary hierachies or topologies. Multiple individual subsystems can access shared peripheral processes without knowledge of the other subsystems or the ability to communicate with the other subsystems.Interprocess communication systems according to this invention can run outside of firewall protected areas and still be accessed only by a limited user group. Such networks can be applied advantageously in electronic-commerce, for example, as providers of online-system-services.The security of existing firewall systems can be greatly increased by appropriate interfacing of systems according to this invention with traditional networks.

A decoding method, a memory storage device and a memory control circuit unit are provided. The method includes: programming first data into a first physical unit of a rewritable non-volatile memory module; reading the first physical unit to obtain second data; obtaining a first threshold voltage distribution of a first bit-value and a second threshold voltage distribution of a second bit-value according to the first data and the second data, wherein the first bit-value and the second bit-value are different; calculating first channel reliability information corresponding to the first physical unit according to the first threshold voltage distribution and the second threshold voltage distribution; and decoding third data stored in the first physical unit according to the first channel reliability information. Therefore, decoding efficiency for the first physical unit is improved.

An image of a physical environment is acquired that comprises a plurality of pixels, each pixel including a two-dimensional pixel location in the image plane and a depth value corresponding to a distance between a region of the physical environment and the image plane. For each pixel, the two dimensional pixel location and the depth value is converted into a corresponding three-dimensional point in the physical environment defined by three coordinate components, each of which has a value in physical units of measurement. A set of edge points is determined within the plurality of three-dimensional points based, at least in part, on the z coordinate component of the plurality of points and a distance map is generated comprising a matrix of cells. For each cell of the distance map, a distance value is assigned representing a distance between the cell and the closest edge point to that cell.