System and method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxin in feed raw materials

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid detoxification system and method for mycotoxin in feed raw materials, and belongs to the technical field of feed raw material processing. The system comprises an ammonia gas supply subsystem, a detoxification treatment subsystem, a residual ammonia recovery subsystem and a safety monitoring subsystem, the ammonia gas supply subsystem comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a coil pipe, an ammonia injection valve and a connecting pipeline; the detoxification treatment subsystem comprises a reaction tank, a raw material loading barrel, a vacuum pump, an extraction opening valve and a connecting pipeline; the residual ammonia recovery subsystem comprises a compressor, an ammonia return valve and a connecting pipeline; and the safety monitoring subsystem comprises an emptying valve, a safety valve, an ammonia pressure vacuum meter and a connecting pipeline. The invention also provides a method for rapidly detoxifying mycotoxins in feed raw materials by using the system, the detoxification rate can reach about 80%, the treatment time is shortened to be within 3 hours, and the method is suitable for large-scale detoxification treatment of feed raw materials and detoxification treatment of various feed raw materials and different types of mycotoxins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of feed raw material processing, and in particular relates to a system and method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials. Background Art

[0002] Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by molds and are widely present in feed and feed ingredients. Feed ingredients are highly susceptible to mold contamination during growth, harvesting, storage, and transportation, producing a variety of mycotoxins, such as aflatoxins, vomitoxin, and zearalenone. Livestock and poultry that ingest feed ingredients contaminated with mycotoxins typically experience loss of appetite, decreased immunity, growth inhibition, digestive tract damage, and even death. The ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated feed ingredients not only adversely affects the growth and health of livestock and poultry, but also threatens human health through accumulation in livestock products.

[0003] At present, physical, chemical or biological methods are often used to detoxify mycotoxins in feed raw materials. However, these traditional methods have many limitations, including long reaction cycles, low ammoniation efficiency, ammonia volatilization losses, large amounts of unreacted gas emissions, environmental pollution and other problems. For example, physical detoxification methods are often incomplete and can only remove some mycotoxins; chemical detoxification methods may damage the nutritional components of feed raw materials and introduce chemical residues, affecting the safety of feed raw materials; although biological detoxification methods are relatively mild, they have low detoxification efficiency and long processing time, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for detoxifying mycotoxins that is efficient, safe, rapid and has little impact on the nutritional components of feed raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials, which can be used for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for rapidly detoxifying mycotoxins in feed raw materials, wherein the detoxification rate can reach about 80%.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials in feed preparation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials, the system comprising an ammonia supply subsystem, a detoxification treatment subsystem, a residual ammonia recovery subsystem and a safety monitoring subsystem;

[0009] The ammonia supply subsystem includes a liquid ammonia storage tank, a coil, an ammonia injection valve and connecting pipes; the detoxification treatment subsystem includes a reaction tank, a raw material loading barrel, a vacuum pump, an exhaust valve and connecting pipes; the residual ammonia recovery subsystem includes a compressor, an ammonia return valve and connecting pipes; the safety monitoring subsystem includes a vent valve, a safety valve, an ammonia pressure vacuum gauge and connecting pipes.

[0010] Preferably, the reaction tank is made of steel plate, and the raw material loading barrel is arranged inside the reaction tank.

[0011] Preferably, the system is a fully closed system.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials. Using the above-mentioned system, the method includes the following steps: loading the feed raw materials into a raw material loading barrel, starting a vacuum pump to evacuate the reaction tank to a vacuum state, then injecting ammonia for ammoniation detoxification treatment, and recovering the ammonia after the treatment is completed.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure of the ammoniation detoxification treatment is 0.1 to 0.8 MPa.

[0014] Preferably, the ammoniation detoxification treatment time is 0.5 to 3 hours.

[0015] Preferably, the mass of the injected ammonia is 2.5-3% of the mass of the feed raw material.

[0016] Preferably, the feed raw materials include any one or more of rice, corn, wheat, wheat bran, straw, hay, distiller's grains protein feed, sprayed germ meal and sprayed corn husk.

[0017] Preferably, the mycotoxins include any one or more of aflatoxin B1, vomitoxin and zearalenone.

[0018] The present invention also provides application of the method in feed preparation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The system provided by the present invention can achieve rapid detoxification of feed raw materials. Through a high-pressure sealed reaction tank and efficient utilization of ammonia, it can achieve rapid detoxification of feed raw materials in a short period of time and effectively recover residual ammonia. After treatment, the residual ammonia is compressed into a liquid state by a compressor and returned to the liquid ammonia storage tank, achieving efficient utilization of ammonia, improving treatment efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. The device and process used in the present invention are rationally designed, easy to operate and control, can meet the needs of large-scale feed raw material detoxification, and have good application prospects.

[0021] The method provided by the present invention has high detoxification efficiency. Through ammoniation detoxification treatment, the mycotoxin content in feed raw materials can be significantly reduced in a relatively short period of time. The detoxification rate can reach about 80%, and the treatment time is shortened to less than 3 hours. It has the advantages of wide applicability, safety, environmental protection, simple operation, and easy implementation and promotion. It is suitable for large-scale detoxification of feed raw materials and is applicable to the detoxification of various feed raw materials and different types of mycotoxins.

[0022] The detoxification treatment method provided by the present invention has little impact on the nutritional components of feed raw materials, can effectively detoxify, and can improve the nutritional value of feed raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid detoxification system for mycotoxins in feed raw materials.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Liquid ammonia storage tank; 2. Coil; 3. Reaction tank; 4. Raw material loading barrel; 5. Compressor; 6. Vacuum pump; 7. Ammonia injection valve 1; 8. Ammonia injection valve 2; 9. Ammonia return valve 1; 10. Ammonia return valve 2; 11. Air extraction valve; 12. Vent valve; 13. Safety valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention provides a system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials, the system comprising an ammonia supply subsystem, a detoxification treatment subsystem, a residual ammonia recovery subsystem and a safety monitoring subsystem; the system structure diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0026] The ammonia supply subsystem of the present invention comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a coil, an ammonia injection valve and a connecting pipe; the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) is connected to the coil (2) via a connecting pipe, and an ammonia injection valve (7) is provided between the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and the coil (2).

[0027] The detoxification treatment subsystem of the present invention comprises a reaction tank, a raw material loading barrel, a vacuum pump, an air extraction valve and a connecting pipe; the material of the reaction tank (3) is a steel plate, preferably a steel plate material that is resistant to high pressure, anti-ammonia corrosion, and can withstand a pressure of more than 1.6 MPa; the raw material loading barrel (4) is arranged inside the reaction tank (3), preferably a detachable raw material loading barrel is arranged; the vacuum pump (6) is connected to the reaction tank (3) through a connecting pipe, and an air extraction valve (11) is provided between the reaction tank (3) and the vacuum pump (6); and an ammonia pressure vacuum gauge is preferably provided between the reaction tank (3) and the vacuum pump (6).

[0028] The residual ammonia recovery subsystem of the present invention comprises a compressor, an ammonia return valve and a connecting pipe; the compressor (5) is connected to the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) of the ammonia supply subsystem via the connecting pipe, and an ammonia return valve (9) is provided between the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and the compressor (5).

[0029] The safety monitoring subsystem of the present invention includes a vent valve, a safety valve, an ammonia pressure vacuum gauge, and a connecting pipe. The coil pipe (2) of the ammonia supply subsystem is connected to the reaction tank (3) of the detoxification treatment subsystem. An ammonia pressure vacuum gauge, an ammonia injection valve (8), and a safety valve (13) are sequentially arranged between the coil pipe (2) and the reaction tank (3). When the system pressure exceeds 1.5 MPa, the safety valve automatically opens to reduce pressure and ensure operational safety. The vent valve (12) is connected to the reaction tank (3); and an ammonia return valve (10) is arranged between the excess ammonia recovery subsystem and the detoxification treatment subsystem.

[0030] The system described in the present invention is a fully enclosed, leak-free, high-pressure resistant, and ammonia-corrosion-resistant system. Through the coordinated operation of four subsystems, it achieves rapid, efficient, resource-efficient, and pollution-free treatment.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for rapidly detoxifying feed ingredients from mycotoxins. Using the aforementioned system, the method comprises the following steps: loading the feed ingredients into a raw material loading bucket, activating a vacuum pump to evacuate the reaction tank, injecting ammonia gas for ammoniation detoxification, and recovering the ammonia gas after the treatment. The method adds ammonia to the mycotoxin-contaminated feed ingredients in a sealed space for a predetermined period of time, allowing the ammonia to react with the mycotoxins, cleaving the chemical bonds of the mycotoxins (such as the lactone ring of aflatoxin B1 and the epoxy ring of vomitoxin), destroying the toxic groups in the molecules and achieving a detoxification effect.

[0032] As an optional embodiment, the steps of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Raw material preparation: Select feed raw materials, remove impurities, and ensure the relative purity of the feed raw materials for subsequent processing.

[0034] 2. System pre-inspection: Check the integrity of the system to ensure that all parts are in good condition, all valves in the system are closed, and all parts are tightly connected without leakage.

[0035] 3. Raw material loading: Open the reaction tank and put the prepared feed raw materials into the raw material loading bucket; close the reaction tank and tighten the sealing cover on the top of the reaction tank with screws.

[0036] 4. Ammonia injection: Open the valve at the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge, open the air extraction valve, start the vacuum pump, and evacuate the reaction tank to a vacuum state; close the air extraction valve and the vacuum pump to keep the reaction tank in a vacuum state; open the ammonia injection valve and the liquid ammonia storage tank to allow the liquid ammonia to flow out. The liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas through the coil and injected into the reaction tank. Observe the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge. When the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge shows that the pressure reaches the set target value, close the liquid ammonia storage tank and the ammonia injection valve and start timing.

[0037] 5. Detoxification treatment: Set the treatment time, maintain the system in a closed state, and ensure that the detoxification treatment lasts for the required time.

[0038] 6. Residual ammonia recovery: When the processing time is reached, start the compressor, open the ammonia return valve, draw back and compress the residual ammonia, and return it to the liquid ammonia storage tank for reuse, avoiding ammonia waste and pollution to the environment.

[0039] 7. Take out the feed raw materials: After the residual ammonia in the system is completely discharged, turn off the compressor and the ammonia return valve, slowly open the vent valve to make the pressure in the reaction tank the same as the external pressure, open the reaction tank to take out the detoxified feed raw materials, and package and store them.

[0040] The pressure of the ammoniation detoxification treatment of the present invention is 0.1-0.8 MPa, preferably 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa or 0.7 MPa. The duration of the ammoniation detoxification treatment is 0.5-3 hours, preferably 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours or 2.5 hours. The mass of the injected ammonia is 2.5-3% of the mass of the feed raw material.

[0041] The present invention eliminates the need to adjust the moisture content of feed raw materials before processing. By completely evacuating the reaction tank (especially oxygen), the air (especially oxygen) is completely expelled, eliminating the risk of explosion caused by a mixture of ammonia and oxygen under high pressure. This ensures a high concentration of ammonia when subsequently introduced. Furthermore, the pressurized treatment enhances the ammonia's permeability, increases the reaction rate, and ensures thorough treatment. The amount of ammonia recovered in the present invention is approximately 30-40% of the amount of ammonia injected.

[0042] The feed raw materials of the present invention include any one or more of rice, corn, wheat, wheat bran, straw, hay, distiller's grains protein feed, sprayed germ meal and sprayed corn husks. The mycotoxins include any one or more of aflatoxin B1, vomitoxin and zearalenone.

[0043] The present invention addresses the problems of low efficiency, long reaction cycle, and environmental pollution in traditional methods for detoxifying mycotoxins in feed raw materials. The feed raw materials are placed in a sealed reaction tank, the reaction tank is evacuated to a vacuum state using a vacuum pump, and ammonia is injected to detoxify the feed raw materials by ammoniation in a short period of time. The residual ammonia is recovered by a compressor, thereby achieving rapid detoxification of the feed raw materials and efficient utilization of ammonia. The method has little impact on the nutritional components of the feed raw materials, and can improve the nutritional value of the feed raw materials while achieving efficient detoxification.

[0044] The present invention also provides application of the above method in feed preparation, which can be applied to the mycotoxin detoxification treatment of feed raw materials during the feed preparation process.

[0045] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all methods are conventional.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials, comprising an ammonia supply subsystem, a detoxification treatment subsystem, a residual ammonia recovery subsystem and a safety monitoring subsystem; the system structure diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0050] Ammonia supply subsystem: liquid ammonia storage tank, coil, ammonia injection valve and connecting pipe; the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) is connected to the coil (2) through the connecting pipe, and an ammonia injection valve (7) is provided between the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and the coil (2).

[0051] The coil pipe (2) of the ammonia supply subsystem is connected to the reaction tank (3) of the detoxification treatment subsystem, and an ammonia pressure vacuum gauge, an ammonia injection valve (8) and a safety valve (13) are sequentially arranged between the coil pipe (2) and the reaction tank (3).

[0052] The detoxification treatment subsystem comprises a reaction tank, a raw material loading barrel, a vacuum pump, an air extraction valve and a connecting pipe; the reaction tank (3) is made of a steel plate material that is resistant to high pressure, anti-ammonia corrosion, and can withstand a pressure of more than 1.6 MPa; a detachable raw material loading barrel (4) is arranged inside the reaction tank (3); the vacuum pump (6) is connected to the reaction tank (3) through a connecting pipe; an air extraction valve (11) and an ammonia pressure vacuum gauge are provided between the reaction tank (3) and the vacuum pump (6).

[0053] An ammonia return valve (10) is provided between the detoxification treatment subsystem and the compressor (5) of the residual ammonia recovery subsystem.

[0054] The residual ammonia recovery subsystem comprises a compressor, an ammonia return valve and a connecting pipe. The compressor (5) is connected to the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) of the ammonia supply subsystem via a connecting pipe. An ammonia return valve (9) is provided between the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and the compressor (5).

[0055] The system is fully enclosed, leak-free, high-pressure resistant, and anti-ammonia corrosion system.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] A method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials (rice and corn mixture):

[0058] This embodiment adopts the system described in Example 1. The specific steps are:

[0059] 1. Raw Material Preparation: A mixture of rice and corn artificially infected with aflatoxin B1 was prepared using the following conditions: Rice and corn were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, impurities removed to ensure relative purity of the feed material, and the moisture content adjusted to 30%. Aspergillus flavus was inoculated and cultured at 25°C for 40 days. After sterilization, the mixture was dried at 65°C to create an air-dried sample, which was then sealed and stored for later use. This yielded a raw material infected with aflatoxin B1 at 2550 μg / kg. This allowed for subsequent processing. Testing revealed a crude protein content of 16.29% in the rice and corn mixture before detoxification.

[0060] 2. System pre-inspection: Check the integrity of the system to ensure that all parts are in good condition, all valves in the system are closed, and all parts are tightly connected without leakage.

[0061] 3. Raw material loading: open the reaction tank (3), and put the pre-treated rice and corn mixture into the raw material loading barrel (4); close the reaction tank (3), and tighten the sealing cover on the top of the reaction tank (3) with a screw.

[0062] 4. Ammonia injection: open the valve at the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge, open the air extraction valve (11), start the vacuum pump (6), and evacuate the reaction tank (3) to a vacuum state; close the air extraction valve (11) and the vacuum pump (6), and keep the reaction tank (3) in a vacuum state; open the ammonia injection valve 1 (7), the ammonia injection valve 2 (8) and the liquid ammonia storage tank (1), so that the liquid ammonia flows out, and the liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas through the coil (2) and injected into the reaction tank (3). Pay attention to the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge. When the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge shows a pressure of 0.3 MPa, close the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and the ammonia injection valve 1 (7), the ammonia injection valve 2 (8), and start timing.

[0063] 5. Detoxification treatment: Keep the system closed and ensure that the reaction lasts for 3 hours.

[0064] 6. Residual ammonia recovery: After the processing time is reached, start the compressor (5), open the ammonia return valve 1 (9) and the ammonia return valve 2 (10), and draw back and compress the residual ammonia gas, returning it to the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) for reuse, thus avoiding ammonia waste and environmental pollution.

[0065] 7. Take out the feed raw materials: After the residual ammonia in the system is completely discharged, turn off the compressor (5) and the ammonia return valve 1 (9) and the ammonia return valve 2 (10), slowly open the vent valve (12) to make the pressure in the reaction tank (3) the same as the external pressure, open the reaction tank (3) and take out the detoxified feed raw materials, package and store.

[0066] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was tested, and the residual aflatoxin B1 was 65.90μg / kg, with a detoxification rate of 97.42%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 23.93%, an increase of 7.64% compared with before treatment.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the processing time of step 5 is 2 hours.

[0069] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was tested, and the residual aflatoxin B1 was 485.00 μg / kg, with a detoxification rate of 80.98%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 23.90%, an increase of 7.61% compared with before treatment.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the processing time of step 5 is 1 hour.

[0072] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was tested, and the residual aflatoxin B1 was 529.50 μg / kg, with a detoxification rate of 79.24%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 21.68%, an increase of 5.39% compared with before treatment.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the pressure in step 4 is 0.2 MPa.

[0075] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was tested, and the residual aflatoxin B1 was 211.55 μg / kg, with a detoxification rate of 91.70%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 22.36%, an increase of 6.07% compared with before treatment.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the pressure in step 4 is 0.2 MPa and the processing time in step 5 is 2 hours.

[0078] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was detected, and the aflatoxin B1 residual amount was 502.50 μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 80.29%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 23.97%, which was increased by 7.68% compared with that before treatment.

[0079] Example 7

[0080] The difference between this example and Example 2 is that the pressure in step 4 is 0.2 MPa, and the treatment time in step 5 is 1 h.

[0081] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was detected, and the aflatoxin B1 residual amount was 630.50 μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 75.27%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 19.76%, which was increased by 3.47% compared with that before treatment.

[0082] Example 8

[0083] The difference between this example and Example 2 is that the pressure in step 4 is 0.1 MPa.

[0084] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was detected, and the aflatoxin B1 residual amount was 467.00 μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 81.69%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 21.53%, which was increased by 5.24% compared with that before treatment.

[0085] Example 9

[0086] The difference between this example and Example 2 is that the pressure in step 4 is 0.1 MPa, and the treatment time in step 5 is 2 h.

[0087] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was detected, and the aflatoxin B1 residual amount was 562.50 μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 77.94%; the crude protein content of the detoxified rice and corn mixture was 19.78%, which was increased by 3.49% compared with that before treatment.

[0088] Example 10

[0089] The difference between this example and Example 2 is that the pressure in step 4 is 0.1 MPa, and the treatment time in step 5 is 1 h.

[0090] The mycotoxin content of the detoxified mixture of rice and corn was detected. The aflatoxin B1 residual amount was 647.50 μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 74.61%. The crude protein content of the detoxified mixture of rice and corn was 18.60%, which was 2.31% higher than that before treatment.

[0091] Example 11

[0092] A method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in a feed raw material (sprayed corn skin):

[0093] This example uses the system described in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0094] 1. Raw material preparation: select sprayed corn skin, remove impurities, and ensure the relative purity of the feed raw material. The crude protein content of the sprayed corn skin before detoxification was 28.75%, the aflatoxin B1 content was 105.01 μg / kg, the vomitoxin content was 2353.00 μg / kg, and the zearalenone content was 1414.62 μg / kg.

[0095] 2. System pre-check: check the integrity of the system to ensure that all parts are in good condition. All valves are closed, and the connections are tight and leak-free.

[0096] 3. Raw material loading: open the reaction tank (3), put the pretreated sprayed corn skin into the raw material loading barrel (4); close the reaction tank (3), and tighten the sealing cover at the top of the reaction tank (3) with screws.

[0097] 4. Ammonia injection: open the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge valve, open the air outlet valve (11), start the vacuum pump (6), and vacuum the reaction tank (3); close the air outlet valve (11) and the vacuum pump (6), and keep the reaction tank (3) in a vacuum state; open the ammonia injection valve one (7), the ammonia injection valve two (8), and the liquid ammonia storage tank (1), so that the liquid ammonia flows out, the liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas through the coil (2), and the ammonia gas is injected into the reaction tank (3). Observe the ammonia pressure vacuum gauge, and when the pressure reaches 0.3 MPa, close the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) and the ammonia injection valve one (7) and two (8), and start timing.

[0098] 5. Detoxification treatment: maintain the system in a sealed state to ensure that the reaction lasts for 1.5 h.

[0099] 6. Ammonia recovery: after the treatment time, start the compressor (5), open the ammonia return valve one (9) and two (10), and return the residual ammonia gas to the liquid ammonia storage tank (1) for reuse, avoiding waste of ammonia gas and pollution to the environment.

[0100] 7. Take out the feed raw materials: After the residual ammonia in the system is completely discharged, turn off the compressor (5) and the ammonia return valve 1 (9) and the ammonia return valve 2 (10), slowly open the vent valve (12) to make the pressure in the reaction tank (3) the same as the external pressure, open the reaction tank (3) and take out the detoxified feed raw materials, package and store.

[0101] The mycotoxin content of the sprayed corn husk after detoxification treatment was tested. The residual aflatoxin B1 content was 15.90μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 84.86%. The residual vomitoxin content was 347.41μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 85.24%. The zearalenone content of corn was 1112.16μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 21.38%. The crude protein content of the sprayed corn husk after detoxification treatment was 38.20%, which was 9.45% higher than that before treatment.

[0102] Example 12

[0103] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 11 is that the processing time of step 5 is 3 hours.

[0104] The mycotoxin content of the sprayed corn husk after detoxification treatment was tested. The residual aflatoxin B1 content was 17.22μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 83.60%. The residual vomitoxin content was 336.08μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 85.72%. The zearalenone content of corn was 1099.86μg / kg, and the detoxification rate was 22.25%. The crude protein content of the sprayed corn husk after detoxification treatment was 39.30%, which was an increase of 10.55% compared with before treatment.

[0105] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials, characterized in that: The system includes an ammonia supply subsystem, a detoxification treatment subsystem, a residual ammonia recovery subsystem and a safety monitoring subsystem; The ammonia supply subsystem includes a liquid ammonia storage tank, a coil, an ammonia injection valve and connecting pipes; the detoxification treatment subsystem includes a reaction tank, a raw material loading barrel, a vacuum pump, an exhaust valve and connecting pipes; the residual ammonia recovery subsystem includes a compressor, an ammonia return valve and connecting pipes; the safety monitoring subsystem includes a vent valve, a safety valve, an ammonia pressure vacuum gauge and connecting pipes.

2. The system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction tank is made of steel plate, and the raw material loading barrel is arranged inside the reaction tank.

3. The system for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system is a fully closed system.

4. A method for rapid detoxification of mycotoxins in feed raw materials, characterized in that: The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used, comprising the following steps: loading feed raw materials into a raw material loading barrel, starting a vacuum pump to evacuate the reaction tank to a vacuum state, then injecting ammonia gas for ammoniation and detoxification treatment, and recovering the ammonia gas after the treatment is completed.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The pressure of the ammoniation detoxification treatment is 0.1-0.8 MPa.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The time of the ammoniation detoxification treatment is 0.5 to 3 hours.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The mass of the injected ammonia is 2.5-3% of the mass of the feed raw material.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The feed raw materials include any one or more of rice, corn, wheat, wheat bran, straw, hay, distiller's grains protein feed, sprayed germ meal and sprayed corn husk.

9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The mycotoxins include any one or more of aflatoxin B1, vomitoxin and zearalenone.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 4 to 9 in feed preparation.

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