Sampling and collecting device for exhaled gas

Abstract

The invention provides a sampling and collecting device for exhaled gas, belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and solves the technical problems that the exhaled gas collection accuracy is difficult to guarantee and the component concentration change affects the detection result. Comprising a shell and a double-end piston, the shell comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is closed, the outer end of the second cavity is open, the double-end piston comprises a first end slidably arranged in the first cavity and a second end slidably arranged in the second cavity, and the first end and the second end are connected through a rod body; an elastic air bag is arranged in the first end and provided with a first air nozzle, the first air nozzle penetrates through the shell of the first end and then is located at the outer end of the first cavity, the first cavity is provided with a second air nozzle, the second air nozzle is communicated with the inside and the outside of the first cavity, and after the first end slides to the outer end in the first cavity, the first air nozzle and the second air nozzle are in butt joint and communicated; a third air nozzle is arranged at one end of the second cavity close to the separator. The device has the technical effects that exhaled air can be quickly and accurately collected, the obtained sample is reliable, and the disease diagnosis and treatment reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a device for sampling and collecting exhaled gas. Background Art

[0002] In the medical device sector, with the continuous advancement of medical technology, non-invasive testing methods are gaining increasing attention. Exhaled breath analysis, as an emerging disease detection method, demonstrates great potential in early disease screening and clinical diagnosis due to its advantages such as non-invasiveness, ease of use, and high patient acceptance. By analyzing changes in the composition of exhaled breath, this technology can reflect a person's health status and provide doctors with critical diagnostic information.

[0003] However, exhaled breath analysis currently faces numerous challenges in practical application. The accuracy of exhaled breath collection is a key factor restricting the development of this technology. Improper operation or equipment defects during the collection process can easily lead to changes in the concentration of target components in exhaled breath.

[0004] This change will directly affect the reliability of the test results, and thus interfere with the doctor's accurate judgment of the disease. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a sampling and collection device for exhaled gas to solve the technical problems in the existing technology that the accuracy of exhaled gas collection is difficult to ensure and improper operation can easily cause changes in the concentration of target components, thereby affecting the test results and disease diagnosis.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for sampling and collecting exhaled gas, comprising a housing and a double-headed piston, wherein the housing is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a separator, the first chamber being sealed, and the second chamber being open at its outer end, the double-headed piston comprising a first end slidably disposed in the first chamber and a second end slidably disposed in the second chamber, the first end and the second end being connected by a rod extending through the separator; An elastic airbag is provided inside the first end, and a first air nozzle is provided on the elastic airbag. The first air nozzle passes through the outer shell of the first end and is located at the outer end of the first cavity. A second air nozzle is provided at a corresponding position of the first cavity, and the second air nozzle communicates with the inside and outside of the first cavity. After the first end slides to one side of the outer end in the first cavity, the first air nozzle and the second air nozzle are connected and communicated. The second cavity is provided with a third gas nozzle near one end of the separator.

[0007] Optionally, a locking mechanism is further included, which includes a locking hole located on the first end ring surface and a locking rod located on the first cavity, and the locking rod can protrude from the cavity wall of the first cavity and be inserted into the locking hole.

[0008] Optionally, an unlocking mechanism is further included, which includes a radial sliding groove located inside the first end, and a slider slidably arranged in the sliding groove, one side of the slider is connected to the outside of the elastic airbag, and the other side is provided with an unlocking boss that can lift the locking rod and retract it into the cavity wall of the first cavity.

[0009] Optionally, a limit plate is arranged on the outer wall of the first cavity corresponding to the locking holes, and an abutment plate is provided after the locking rod slides and seals through the cavity wall of the first cavity. An elastic member is provided between the abutment plate and the limit plate. Initially, the elastic member causes the end of the locking rod to protrude from the inner wall of the first cavity.

[0010] Optionally, a communicating hole is provided on the double-headed piston, one end of which is located between the first end and the separator, and the other end of which is located at the second end and connected to the external environment.

[0011] Optionally, the inner cavity at the first end and the first cavity at one side of the rod body are provided with through holes.

[0012] Optionally, a protective shell is further provided outside the shell, and the protective shell covers the outer periphery of the shell to form a medium cavity. The medium cavity is provided with a filling port, which can be used to inject a heat-insulating medium.

[0013] Optionally, the inner diameter of the first gas nozzle matches the outer diameter of the second gas nozzle and can be plugged and sealed together, or the outer diameter of the first gas nozzle matches the inner diameter of the second gas nozzle and can be plugged and sealed together.

[0014] Optionally, the third air nozzle includes an air tube, a filling core and a nut. One end of the third air nozzle is located in the second cavity, and the other end is located outside the second cavity. The outer end part is divided into at least two trumpet-shaped arc-shaped pieces. The outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece is provided with a thread, and the interior is filled with a filling core made of elastic material. The filling core is provided with air holes. The nut cooperates with the outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece. When the nut rotates and moves along the axis, the filling core is pressed and the air holes are sealed.

[0015] Optionally, it further includes an air blowing nozzle and a slender tube, wherein the slender tube is connected between the air blowing nozzle and the second air nozzle.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: Its unique dual-piston and separated chamber design, combined with an elastic airbag and precise nozzle docking structure, effectively addresses existing issues with accurate exhaled breath collection and the potential for target component concentration variations due to improper operation. This device ensures rapid and accurate exhaled breath collection, consistently obtaining reliable samples and preventing errors in the collection process from affecting test results. This provides a solid and reliable basis for accurate disease diagnosis and treatment, enhancing overall medical outcomes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall half section.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a half-section schematic diagram without the piston part.

[0022] Figure 5 A half-section diagram of the piston.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a partially cutaway schematic diagram of the first end.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the first end.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the device in use.

[0026] Figure numerals: shell 1, partition 11, first chamber 12, second air nozzle 121, locking rod 122, abutment plate 1221, limit plate 123, elastic member 124, second chamber 13, third air nozzle 131, air tube 1311, filling core 1312, nut 1313, first end 21, elastic airbag 211, first air nozzle 212, locking hole 213, slide groove 214, slider 215, unlocking boss 2151, through hole 216, second end 22, rod body 23, connecting hole 231, protective shell 3, medium chamber 31, filling port 311, blowing nozzle 4, slender tube 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0029] For exhaled breath sampling and collection device, please refer to the attached Figure 1-Figure 3 ,A possible implementation is as follows: The double-headed piston comprises a housing 1 and a double-headed piston. The housing 1 is divided into a first chamber 12 and a second chamber 13 by a separator 11. The first chamber 12 is sealed, while the second chamber 13 is open at its outer end. The double-headed piston comprises a first end 21 slidably disposed within the first chamber 12 and a second end 22 slidably disposed within the second chamber 13. The first end 21 and the second end 22 are connected by a rod 23 extending through the separator 11. Sealing structures, such as rubber sealing rings, are provided at the mating sections of the first end 21 and the second end 22 with the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 13. An elastic airbag 211 is provided inside the first end 21, such as a balloon made of rubber material. A first air nozzle 212 is provided on the elastic airbag 211. The first air nozzle 212 passes through the outer shell of the first end 21 and is located at the outer end of the first cavity 12, that is, the end away from the separator 11. A second air nozzle 121 is provided at the corresponding position of the first cavity 12. The second air nozzle 121 connects the inside and outside of the first cavity 12. After the first end 21 slides to the outer end side in the first cavity 12, the first air nozzle 212 and the second air nozzle 121 are connected to each other. When the first end 21 slides toward the separator 1111 in the first cavity 12, the first air nozzle 212 and the second air nozzle 121 will be disconnected, that is, a plug-in structure that can be plugged in and out of each other is provided. A one-way ventilation structure (such as a one-way valve) can be provided at the first air nozzle 212 of the elastic airbag 211 so that gas can only enter the elastic airbag 211 and cannot flow out in the opposite direction. The second chamber 13 is provided with a third gas nozzle 131 at one end close to the separator 11, which can also be set as a one-way ventilation structure so that gas can only enter the second chamber 13; or set as a structure that can be opened or closed manually, such as a valve or bottle mouth and bottle cap structure.

[0030] The main working process of the above embodiment is: In the initial state, the second end 22 of the double-headed piston slides until it contacts the separator 11, close to Figure 1 As shown, at this time, the first collection chamber between the second end 22 and the separator 11 is basically empty; at the same time, the first end 21 is in contact with the outer end cover of the shell 1, the interior of the elastic airbag 211 is empty and in a contracted state, and the first air nozzle 212 of the elastic airbag 211 is connected to the second air nozzle 121 of the shell 1, which is equivalent to the elastic airbag 211 being directly connected to the external environment. Figure 8 , further comprising an air blowing nozzle 4 and an elongated tube 5, wherein the elongated tube 5 is connected between the air blowing nozzle 4 and the second air nozzle 121. The elongated tube 5 can reduce non-pulmonary gas during the insufflation process.

[0031] To begin collecting exhaled air, place the insufflation nozzle 4 over the patient's mouth. The patient inhales through the nose and exhales through the mouth. The air passes through the lungs and enters the device through the insufflation nozzle 4, the elongated tube 5, and the second air nozzle 121. Initially, the second air nozzle 121 is connected to the first air nozzle 212. During exhalation, the double-ended piston is restrained from sliding, for example by holding the second end 22 of the double-ended piston with a hand. During exhalation, the elastic airbag 211 inflates to pre-accommodate the exhaled air. The first air nozzle 212 of the elastic airbag 211 ensures that air only enters but does not exit. When the elastic airbag 211 is full, the sliding of the double-headed piston is no longer restricted. For example, the hand stops supporting the second end 22 of the double-headed piston. Then, when the patient continues to exhale, as gas enters, the elastic airbag 211 is full again. Under the action of gas thrust, the double-headed piston moves, and the first air nozzle 212 of the elastic airbag 211 is separated from the second air nozzle 121 of the shell 1. The exhaled gas enters the first cavity 12 between the second end 22 and the end cover of the shell 1. This space can be used as a second collection cavity. Since the elastic airbag 211 is unidirectionally ventilated, the gas inside it will not flow back into the second collection cavity.

[0032] During the exhaled breath collection process—that is, during the movement of the double-ended piston—ambient air is also drawn into the first collection chamber between the second end 22 and the separator 11 through the third air nozzle 131. After the collection is complete, the second and third air nozzles 121 and 131 are sealed. Exhaled breath and ambient air are retained within the collection device, allowing two samples to be obtained simultaneously.

[0033] In addition, it should be noted that during the collection of exhaled breath samples, the subjects need to be in a fasting state in the morning, rinse their mouths with water only, and avoid brushing their teeth and eating. Afterwards, breathe calmly for a period of time in a quiet, well-ventilated environment, and avoid strenuous exercise. Then use the blowing nozzle 4 to blow air. During the air collection process, the subject can only continue to inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth. It is strictly forbidden to inhale back. After blowing until the elastic airbag 211 is full, continue blowing until the first collection chamber and the second collection chamber are full. After the gas is collected, close the air nozzle to seal the first collection chamber and the second collection chamber, mark the patient information on the device housing label and send it for inspection. The first collection chamber contains exhaled air, and the second collection chamber contains ambient air.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the above embodiment include: more accurate gas sampling and the ability to collect ambient gas for comparison.

[0035] Specifically, this solution effectively ensures the reliability of the collected gas concentration by leveraging the ingenious combination of the elastic airbag and the cavity design. In the early stages of exhaled gas collection, the elastic airbag plays a key role, as it can pre-accommodate the first few exhaled gases from the subject. Due to the presence of residual gas in the human mouth and a certain amount of dead space gas in the lungs, there is also residual gas in the collection pipeline of the collection device. This part of the gas does not directly participate in the gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood, and its composition is different from the exchanged lung gas. If it is directly mixed into the sample, it will cause a large deviation in the concentration of the components in the sample, affecting the accuracy of the test results. The elastic airbag collects this part of the gas separately to avoid its interference with subsequent valid samples.

[0036] Once the elastic airbag is full (accommodating residual air in the collection tube, mouth, and lungs), the continuously and steadily exhaled air enters the first collection chamber for collection. The air entering the first collection chamber has undergone lung exchange and is more representative of the body's physiological state, with its component concentrations being more representative. This design, which separates residual air in the mouth and dead space before collecting the effective exhaled air, ensures reliable and accurate gas concentrations, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent disease diagnosis through exhaled breath analysis and significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of disease diagnosis.

[0037] This solution can collect exhaled breath and ambient air at the same time, which is convenient for comparative analysis. In hospital environments, due to regular air disinfection, chemical disinfectants such as alcohol, chloride and hydrogen peroxide are used. These disinfectants may evaporate into the air, causing the content of certain VOCs in the air to increase, which in turn affects the content of VOCs in the subjects' exhaled breath. By collecting ambient air, such as the air in the ward where the subjects are located, it is possible to understand the existing content of certain components in the environment and make corrections to the inspection of exhaled breath samples. For example, it is abnormal to detect the presence of component A in the exhaled breath, but by detecting the ambient gas, it is found that component A is present in the environment and the concentration is consistent with that in the exhaled breath. This abnormal value can be excluded, and the health status of the human body can be judged more accurately, providing a more scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

[0038] Further, combined with Figure 1-Figure 3 In a possible embodiment, a locking mechanism is further included, which includes a locking hole 213 located on the annular surface of the first end 21, and a locking rod 122 located on the first cavity 12. The locking rod 122 seals and slides through the hole wall of the first cavity 12. The locking rod 122 can protrude from the cavity wall of the first cavity 12 and be inserted into the locking hole 213.

[0039] Cooperating with it, it also includes an unlocking mechanism, which includes a radial groove 214 located in the first end 21. The groove 214 can be arranged in a cross shape on the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the axial inner cavity of the first end 21, and also includes a slider 215 slidably set in the groove 214. One side of the slider 215 is connected to the outside of the elastic airbag 211, and the other side is provided with an unlocking boss 2151 that can lift the locking rod 122 and retract it into the cavity wall of the first cavity 12.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the initial position of the double-headed piston is locked by a locking mechanism. Specifically, the locking rod 122 is inserted into the locking hole 213 on the annular surface of the first end 21, limiting the movement of the double-headed piston and ensuring that during the blowing process, the exhaled gas does not enter the first collection chamber during the first few times, but enters the elastic airbag 211. When the elastic airbag 211 is inflated and gradually expands to fill the internal space of the first end 21, the slider 215 is lifted and the unlocking boss 2151 is allowed to lift the locking rod 122 and retract it into the cavity wall of the first cavity 12. At this time, the unlocked state is automatically released. Continuing to blow in gas will cause the first end 21 to slide, and the blown gas will enter the first collection chamber. However, due to the one-way air intake structure of the elastic airbag 211, the gas will not enter the first collection chamber in the reverse direction.

[0041] The design of the locking and unlocking mechanism in this embodiment brings about significant beneficial effects. In the initial stage of exhaled air collection, the locking mechanism plays a key role. The locking rod is inserted into the locking hole on the annular surface of the first end to lock the position of the double-headed piston. This design ensures that during the blowing process, the gas containing residual oral air and dead space gas in the lungs accurately enters the elastic airbag in the first few times and does not mistakenly enter the first collection chamber, effectively avoiding the influence of these interfering gases on subsequent valid samples and ensuring the purity of the sample. As the elastic airbag inflates, the unlocking mechanism is automatically activated. The elastic airbag expands to fill the internal space of the first end, lifting the slider to slide, and the unlocking boss then lifts the locking rod to retract into the wall of the first chamber, and the unlocked state is automatically released. After that, continue blowing, the first end slides, and the gas enters the first collection chamber. However, due to the one-way air intake structure of the elastic airbag, the gas will not enter the first collection chamber in the opposite direction. This automatic unlocking mechanism enables the device to smoothly transition to the exhaled air collection stage after completing the collection of oral breath, ensuring that the first end accurately collects the exhaled air without the need to manually press to limit the movement of the piston as in the previous embodiment. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of exhaled air collection, makes the device easier to use, and provides more reliable data support for subsequent disease diagnosis.

[0042] Specifically, see the attached Figure 2On the outer wall of the first chamber 12, limit plates 123 are spaced apart to correspond to the locking holes 213. After the locking rod 122 slides and seals through the wall of the first chamber 12, an abutment plate 1221 is provided. An elastic member 124 is provided between the abutment plate 1221 and the limit plate 123. Initially, the elastic member 124 forces the end of the locking rod 122 to protrude from the inner wall of the first chamber 12. By providing the limit plate on the outer wall of the first chamber, allowing the locking rod to slide and seal through the wall, and providing the abutment plate, in conjunction with the elastic member, the end of the locking rod initially protrudes from the inner wall. This reliably locks the double-headed piston, ensuring that gas enters the elastic airbag during the first few times, and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent exhaled breath collection.

[0043] In one possible implementation, see the attached Figure 5 , a connecting hole 231 is provided on the double-headed piston, one end of which is located between the first end 21 and the separator 11, and the other end is located at the second end 22 and connected to the external environment. A through hole 216 is provided in the inner cavity of the first end 21 and the first cavity 12 on one side of the rod body 23. The beneficial effects of this design are outstanding. The double-headed piston is provided with a connecting hole, one end of which is connected to the space between the first end and the separator, and the other end is connected to the external environment, and a through hole is provided in the inner cavity of the first end and the first cavity on one side of the rod body. This structure can effectively balance the air pressure in the device, avoid the influence of air pressure difference on the sliding of the double-headed piston, ensure its smooth movement, and ensure the stable progress of the exhaled breath collection process.

[0044] In one possible implementation, see the attached Figure 1 and Figure 4 A protective shell 3 is also provided outside the housing 1. The protective shell 3 covers the outer periphery of the housing 1 to form a medium cavity 31. The medium cavity 31 is provided with an infusion port 311 for injecting a heat-insulating medium. A protective shell is provided outside the housing to form a medium cavity, through which a heat-insulating medium can be injected. During storage and transportation, the heat-insulating medium can provide a suitable temperature environment for the device, effectively preventing the denaturation, decomposition, and oxidation of less stable components in the exhaled breath sample, thereby ensuring sample quality and facilitating subsequent accurate detection and analysis.

[0045] In one possible implementation, see the attached Figure 3 The inner diameter of the first gas nozzle 212 matches the outer diameter of the second gas nozzle 121 and can be plugged in and sealed together, or the outer diameter of the first gas nozzle 212 matches the inner diameter of the second gas nozzle 121 and can be plugged in and sealed together. To ensure sealing, a rubber-coated gas nozzle can be provided. The first gas nozzle and the second gas nozzle are plugged in and sealed together by matching the inner and outer diameters, and a rubber-coated gas nozzle can be provided to enhance sealing. This structure can effectively prevent gas leakage, ensure that gas accurately enters the elastic airbag during the exhaled breath collection process, and ensure the integrity and accuracy of sample collection.

[0046] In one possible implementation, see the attached Figure 3The third gas nozzle 131 includes an air tube 1311, a filling core 1312, and a nut 1313. One end of the third gas nozzle 131 is located inside the second cavity 13, and the other end is located outside the second cavity 13. The outer portion of the third gas nozzle 131 is divided into at least two trumpet-shaped arc-shaped pieces. The outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece is provided with a thread, and the inner portion is filled with a filling core 1312 of elastic material. The filling core 1312 is provided with an air hole. The nut 1313 is engaged with the outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece. When the nut 1313 rotates and moves along the axis, it compresses the filling core 1312 and seals the air hole. The second gas nozzle 121 and the third gas nozzle 131 can use the same structure. The outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece is threaded with the nut. Rotating the nut can compress the filling core and seal the air hole, achieving flexible opening and closing. This design facilitates the control of gas inflow and outflow, has good sealing performance, is easy to operate, and is easy to manufacture and maintain.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. An exhaled gas sampling and collection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1) and a double-headed piston, wherein the housing (1) is divided into a first chamber (12) and a second chamber (13) by a separator (11), wherein the first chamber (12) is sealed, and the outer end of the second chamber (13) is open, and the double-headed piston comprises a first end (21) slidably arranged in the first chamber (12) and a second end (22) slidably arranged in the second chamber (13), and the first end (21) and the second end (22) are connected by a rod (23) penetrating the separator (11); An elastic air bag (211) is provided inside the first end (21), and a first air nozzle (212) is provided on the elastic air bag (211). The first air nozzle (212) passes through the outer shell of the first end (21) and is located at the outer end of the first cavity (12). A second air nozzle (121) is provided at a corresponding position of the first cavity (12). The second air nozzle (121) communicates with the inside and outside of the first cavity (12). After the first end (21) slides to one side of the outer end in the first cavity (12), the first air nozzle (212) and the second air nozzle (121) are connected to each other. The second cavity (13) is provided with a third gas nozzle (131) at one end close to the separator (11).

2. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a locking mechanism, which includes a locking hole (213) located on the annular surface of the first end (21) and a locking rod (122) located on the first cavity (12), wherein the locking rod (122) can protrude from the cavity wall of the first cavity (12) and be inserted into the locking hole (213).

3. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes an unlocking mechanism, which includes a radially extending sliding groove (214) located in the first end (21), and a slider (215) slidably arranged in the sliding groove (214), wherein one side of the slider (215) is connected to the outside of the elastic airbag (211), and the other side is provided with an unlocking boss (2151) capable of lifting the locking rod (122) and retracting it into the cavity wall of the first cavity (12).

4. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 2, wherein: On the outer wall of the first cavity (12), a limiting plate (123) is arranged at intervals corresponding to the locking hole (213); after the locking rod (122) slides and seals through the cavity wall of the first cavity (12), an abutment disk (1221) is provided; an elastic member (124) is provided between the abutment disk (1221) and the limiting plate (123); initially, the elastic member (124) causes the end of the locking rod (122) to protrude from the inner wall of the first cavity (12).

5. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A communicating hole (231) is provided on the double-headed piston, one end of which is located between the first end (21) and the separator (11), and the other end of which is located at the second end (22) and connected to the external environment.

6. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the first end (21) and the first cavity (12) on one side of the rod body (23) are provided with a through hole (216).

7. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: A protective shell (3) is further provided outside the shell (1), and the protective shell (3) covers the outer periphery of the shell (1) to form a medium cavity (31). The medium cavity (31) is provided with a pouring port (311) capable of injecting a heat-insulating medium.

8. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: The inner diameter of the first gas nozzle (212) matches the outer diameter of the second gas nozzle (121) and can be plugged in and sealed connected, or the outer diameter of the first gas nozzle (212) matches the inner diameter of the second gas nozzle (121) and can be plugged in and sealed connected.

9. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: The third air nozzle (131) comprises an air tube (1311), a filling core (1312) and a nut (1313). One end of the third air nozzle (131) is located in the second cavity (13), and the other end is located outside the second cavity (13). The outer end portion is divided into at least two trumpet-shaped open arc-shaped pieces. The outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece is provided with a thread, and the inner portion is filled with a filling core (1312) made of elastic material. The filling core (1312) is provided with an air hole. The nut (1313) cooperates with the outer periphery of the arc-shaped piece. When the nut (1313) rotates and moves along the axis, it presses the filling core (1312) and blocks the air hole.

10. The exhaled gas sampling and collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes an air blowing nozzle (4) and an elongated tube (5), wherein the elongated tube (5) is connected between the air blowing nozzle (4) and the second air nozzle (121).

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