Active pre-tightening safety belt control system with automatic unlocking function after collision
By designing an active pre-tensioned seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after collision, using motor drive and electromagnet unlocking, combined with multiple sensor detection, automatic unlocking of the seat belt is achieved, solving the problems of difficult unlocking and secondary injuries after collision in the existing technology, and improving the rescue efficiency and occupant safety after vehicle collision.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510981895.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing seatbelt systems cannot be unlocked in time after a vehicle collision, resulting in rescue obstacles and the risk of secondary injuries. In addition, the electronic unlocking is easily damaged, the mechanical triggering solution is not sensitive enough, and there is a lack of deep integration with other vehicle safety systems.
An active pre-tensioned seatbelt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision is designed. It includes a seatbelt, a pre-tensioning unit, an electronically controlled unlocking unit and a control unit. A motor is used to drive a gear transmission mechanism to achieve pre-tensioning. An acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor are used to detect the collision state. Combined with an electromagnet unlocking actuator and a thermal fuse unlocking unit, the seatbelt is automatically unlocked and integrated with other vehicle safety systems, including data exchange of the airbag system, electronic stability system and tire pressure monitoring system.
It improves the efficiency of post-collision rescue, reduces the risk of secondary injuries, ensures the safety of passengers, and the system can be reliably unlocked in various situations, enhancing the integration efficiency with other vehicle safety systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN120756403A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile passive safety, and in particular to an active pre-tightening seat belt control system with an automatic unlocking function after a collision. Background Art
[0002] In the field of automotive safety, active pre-tensioned seatbelts play a vital role in the event of a vehicle collision. When a collision occurs, they can quickly activate the pre-tensioning function, firmly restraining the occupants in the seat, greatly reducing the damage caused by the collision to the occupants and the interior of the vehicle. However, existing technologies have obvious limitations. After the vehicle completes a collision, the situation inside the vehicle becomes complicated, and the interior of the vehicle often deforms due to the collision, resulting in a significant reduction in the escape space for the occupants. Existing market products have the following technical problems: 1. Rescue Obstacles: After a collision, conventional pre-tensioned seat belts remain locked. If the interior deforms, pressuring the occupant, or the B-pillar deforms, causing the buckle to become stuck, external tools will be required to cut the seat belt. 2. Secondary injury risk: Continuous tightening of the seat belt may compress the occupant's chest or abdomen, causing additional injury risk to the injured person.
[0003] 3. The existing automatic unlocking solution relies on electronic unlocking, and the circuit is easily damaged and fails after a collision; the mechanical trigger solution is not sensitive enough to deformation.
[0004] In addition, the existing seat belt system lacks deep integration with other vehicle safety systems and cannot fully exert its overall safety effectiveness. Therefore, it is very important to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with an automatic unlocking function after a collision, which solves the problems in the background art.
[0006] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides an active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with an automatic unlocking function after a collision, comprising a seat belt, a pre-tensioning unit, an electronically controlled unlocking unit, and a control unit; The pretensioning unit includes a motor, which drives a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism drives the seat belt retractor to move; The electronic unlocking unit includes an unlocking actuator, a lock and a trigger sensor; the unlocking actuator includes an electromagnet; the lock is an electromagnetic lock; the trigger sensor includes an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor; The control unit receives the signal from the collision sensor to control the motor of the pre-tensioning unit, which drives the retractor through the gear transmission mechanism to quickly retract the seat belt. The control unit receives the signal from the acceleration sensor and controls the electromagnet of the unlocking actuator to generate electromagnetic force to attract the electromagnetic lock buckle for unlocking, thereby realizing automatic unlocking of the seat belt.
[0007] Preferably, the control unit realizes data interaction and communication with the vehicle's controller local area network and the vehicle's airbag system, body electronic stability system, and tire pressure monitoring system; the control unit receives data from the body electronic stability system and tire pressure monitoring system, starts seat belt pre-tensioning and unlocking, and links the airbag system to deploy the airbag.
[0008] Preferably, the control unit receives a signal from the vehicle's smoke sensor and unlocks the seat belt. At the same time, the control unit sends the vehicle's collision information to the on-board communication system, automatically calls emergency rescue services, and uploads the vehicle's location and status data. Preferably, the control unit is equipped with dual processors, and when one processor fails, the other processor immediately takes over the control task.
[0009] Preferably, it also includes a thermal melt unlocking unit, in which the safety belt lock tongue is embedded with an alloy with a melting point of 90°C, which melts and releases the lock tongue in the event of a collision and fire.
[0010] Preferably, the control unit monitors the collision G-value curve in real time, and immediately sends a seat belt unlocking instruction when the following conditions are met simultaneously: the collision acceleration is greater than 15g and the acceleration continuously decays to less than 3g for 50ms, and the airbag is triggered.
[0011] Preferably, the collision energy E is calculated using an integration algorithm: E=∫(a(t)-a_threshold) dt, When E>50 kJ and dE / dt<0, that is, the energy decays, it is determined that the collision is over and the seat belt is unlocked.
[0012] Preferably, the control unit is further linked to a battery management system. When the battery management system detects a battery short circuit: The battery management system sends an HVIL signal to the control unit, which controls the unlocking actuator to forcibly cut off the power, start the mechanical unlocking, and release the retractor.
[0013] Preferably, a B-pillar deformation sensor and a seat pressure sensor are also electrically connected to the control unit, and when simultaneously detecting: If the B-pillar deformation is greater than 15mm and the seat pressure drops by 30% without sustained acceleration, the electronic unlocking unit will be triggered immediately to unlock the vehicle. The vehicle's central controller is linked to cut off high voltage electricity, lower the windows, and send the GPS location to the rescue center.
[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention utilizes a control unit to control the pretensioning unit's motor to retract the seatbelt during seatbelt retraction, thereby pretensioning the seatbelt. The control unit also controls the electromagnet in the electronic unlocking unit to generate electromagnetic force to unlock the electromagnetic latch, achieving electronic unlocking. The control unit communicates with the vehicle's own systems to control unlocking based on the vehicle's status. The control unit also receives smoke signals from the vehicle to detect fire and control seatbelt unlocking. A thermal fuse unlocking unit is also provided. In the event of a collision and fire, the high temperature melts the low-melting-point alloy within the seatbelt tongue, releasing the seatbelt. The control unit also monitors the collision G-force curve, calculates the collision energy E using an integral algorithm, and determines whether to initiate an unlock command based on the G-force curve and whether to unlock the seatbelt based on the collision energy E. The control unit is also connected to the B-pillar deformation sensor and the seat pressure sensor, using signals from these two sensors to unlock the seatbelt and ensure occupant safety. The entire system improves post-crash rescue efficiency, and the multiple unlocking detection circuits make the system more reliable, ensuring the safety of vehicle occupants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0016] Figure 1 It is a system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the collision G-value curve monitored in real time by the control unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with an automatic unlocking function after a collision, comprising a seat belt, a pre-tensioning unit, an electronically controlled unlocking unit, and a control unit; The control unit is equipped with dual processors. When one processor fails, the other processor immediately takes over the control task.
[0020] The pretensioning unit includes a motor, which drives a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism drives the seat belt retractor to move.
[0021] The electronic unlocking unit includes an unlocking actuator, a lock and a trigger sensor; the unlocking actuator includes an electromagnet; the lock is an electromagnetic lock; the trigger sensor includes an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor. The speed sensor is used to detect abnormal acceleration changes after a vehicle collision. The pressure sensor is installed at the contact point between the seat belt and the occupant to detect the pressure changes of the seat belt on the occupant.
[0022] The control unit is electrically connected to the vehicle's collision sensor. The signal from the collision sensor controls the operation of the motor of the pretensioning unit. The motor drives the retractor through a gear transmission mechanism to quickly retract the seat belt. Rapidly retracting the seat belt webbing pre-tightens the occupant, firmly fixing the occupant to the seat to prevent excessive displacement of the occupant and collision with objects in the vehicle during a collision. The control unit receives the signal from the acceleration sensor and controls the electromagnet of the unlocking actuator to generate electromagnetic force to attract the electromagnetic lock buckle for unlocking, thereby realizing automatic unlocking of the seat belt.
[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the control unit monitors the collision G-value curve in real time. When the following conditions are met at the same time: the collision acceleration is greater than 15g and the acceleration continues to decay to less than 3g for 50ms, and the airbag is triggered, the seat belt unlocking command is immediately sent.
[0024] The collision energy E is calculated using the integration algorithm: E=∫(a(t)-a_threshold) dt, When E>50 kJ and dE / dt<0, that is, energy decay, the collision is considered over and the seat belt is unlocked; The B-pillar deformation sensor and the seat pressure sensor are also electrically connected to the control unit. When they simultaneously detect: If the B-pillar deformation is greater than 15mm and the seat pressure drops by 30% without sustained acceleration, the electronic unlocking unit will be triggered immediately to unlock the vehicle. The vehicle's central controller will also cut off the high voltage power, lower the windows, and send the GPS location to the rescue center.
[0025] The control unit interacts and communicates with the vehicle's controller area network and the vehicle's airbag system, electronic stability system, and tire pressure monitoring system. The control unit receives data from the electronic stability system and tire pressure monitoring system, starts seatbelt pre-tensioning and unlocking, and links the airbag system to deploy the airbags.
[0026] The control unit receives a signal from the vehicle's smoke sensor and unlocks the seat belt. At the same time, the control unit sends the vehicle's collision information to the on-board communication system, automatically calls emergency rescue services, and uploads the vehicle's location and status data.
[0027] It also includes a thermal melt unlocking unit. The seat belt lock tongue is embedded with an alloy with a melting point of 90°C, which melts and releases the lock tongue in the event of a collision and fire.
[0028] The control unit also links with the battery management system. When the battery management system detects a battery short circuit: The battery management system sends an HVIL signal to the control unit, which controls the unlocking actuator to forcibly cut off the power, start the mechanical unlocking, and release the retractor.
[0029] The entire system improves rescue efficiency after a collision, and multiple judgment and unlocking circuits make the system more reliable and ensure the safety of people in the car.
[0030] Those skilled in the art will understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to these examples. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and many other variations exist in the various aspects of the present invention described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of clarity. Any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with an automatic unlocking function after a collision, characterized in that: It includes a seat belt, a pre-tensioning unit, an electronically controlled unlocking unit and a control unit; The pretensioning unit includes a motor, which drives a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism drives the seat belt retractor to move; The electronic unlocking unit includes an unlocking actuator, a lock and a trigger sensor; the unlocking actuator includes an electromagnet; the lock is an electromagnetic lock; the trigger sensor includes an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor; The control unit receives the signal from the collision sensor to control the motor of the pre-tensioning unit, which drives the retractor through the gear transmission mechanism to quickly retract the seat belt. The control unit receives the signal from the acceleration sensor and controls the electromagnet of the unlocking actuator to generate electromagnetic force to attract the electromagnetic lock buckle for unlocking, thereby realizing automatic unlocking of the seat belt.
2. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control unit interacts and communicates with the vehicle's controller area network and the vehicle's airbag system, electronic stability system, and tire pressure monitoring system. The control unit receives data from the electronic stability system and tire pressure monitoring system, starts seatbelt pre-tensioning and unlocking, and links the airbag system to deploy the airbags.
3. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The control unit receives a signal from the vehicle's smoke sensor and unlocks the seat belt. At the same time, the control unit sends the vehicle's collision information to the on-board communication system, automatically calls emergency rescue services, and uploads the vehicle's location and status data.
4. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control unit is equipped with dual processors. When one processor fails, the other processor immediately takes over the control task.
5. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a thermal melt unlocking unit. The seat belt lock tongue is embedded with an alloy with a melting point of 90°C, which melts and releases the lock tongue in the event of a collision and fire.
6. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit monitors the collision G-value curve in real time, and immediately sends a seat belt unlocking command when the following conditions are met simultaneously: the collision acceleration is greater than 15g and the acceleration continuously decays to less than 3g for 50ms, and the airbag is triggered.
7. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collision energy E is calculated using the integration algorithm: E=∫(a(t)-a_threshold) dt, When E>50 kJ and dE / dt<0, that is, the energy decays, it is determined that the collision is over and the seat belt is unlocked.
8. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after a collision according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control unit also links with the battery management system. When the battery management system detects a battery short circuit: The battery management system sends an HVIL signal to the control unit, which controls the unlocking actuator to forcibly cut off the power, start the mechanical unlocking, and release the retractor.
9. The active pre-tensioning seat belt control system with automatic unlocking function after collision according to claim 8, characterized in that: The B-pillar deformation sensor and the seat pressure sensor are also electrically connected to the control unit. When they detect: If the B-pillar deformation is greater than 15mm and the seat pressure drops by 30%, and there is no sustained acceleration, the electronic unlocking unit will be triggered immediately to unlock the seat. The vehicle's central controller is linked to cut off high voltage electricity, lower the windows, and send the GPS location to the rescue center.