Sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media, which comprises the following steps: physically filtering sewage, pretreating the physically filtered sewage, sequentially carrying out single interception treatment on the pretreated sewage through three layers of composite porous media from coarse to fine, and carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on the treated sewage. Performing backwashing on the sewage subjected to single interception treatment to realize secondary interception treatment, discharging the sewage subjected to secondary interception treatment into a liquid pool for storage, performing dewatering and drying treatment on solid-phase sludge subjected to single interception and secondary interception, and putting the solid-phase sludge into a solid pool for storage. Through a three-in-one technical chain of gradient interception, functional modification and intelligent regeneration, the core problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, short service life, difficulty in sludge disposal and the like in traditional solid-liquid separation are systematically solved, and the method has remarkable technical competitiveness and commercial popularization value in the field of industrial wastewater treatment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of industrial environmental protection, and in particular to a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the amount of sewage discharge has increased dramatically, among which oil-containing wastewater, high-suspended solid wastewater and heavy metal contaminated wastewater have posed a severe challenge to traditional solid-liquid separation technologies. At present, common separation methods include sedimentation, centrifugal separation and membrane filtration technology. For example, Chinese patent CN119656671A discloses a sewage filtration device which uses a single layer of porous filter screen to trap solid particles, but it has problems such as single filtration precision and easy clogging, and is difficult to cope with efficient separation of complex sewage components; another example is CN118807473B which proposes an ultrafiltration membrane oil-water separation method which relies on a single membrane material to remove emulsified oil, but the membrane surface is easily covered with oil stains leading to rapid flux decay, and frequent chemical cleaning is required, resulting in high operating costs.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to improve the separation efficiency, some schemes attempt to introduce a multi-stage filtration structure. By combining coarse filtration and fine filtration, the filtration effect is improved, but the filter core material is single (all stainless steel mesh), which cannot realize colloid particle adsorption and pollutant degradation function, and lacks surface modification design, and the separation efficiency of emulsified oil is less than 60%. In addition, the traditional backwashing technology mostly uses single water flushing, which is difficult to effectively remove deep clogging, resulting in short service life of the porous medium and high replacement frequency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method which integrates gradient interception, surface functionalization and intelligent regeneration control, in order to break through the bottleneck of low efficiency, fast membrane pollution and narrow applicability in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] This section is intended to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present application and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the specification in order to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0006] In view of the above and / or the problems existing in the prior art of a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media, the present application is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present application is how to realize solid-liquid separation of wastewater.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media, comprising, Physically filter the sewage and pre-treat the sewage after physical filtration; The pretreated sewage is sequentially passed through three layers of composite porous media from coarse to fine for single interception treatment; Backwashing the sewage after single interception treatment to achieve secondary interception treatment; The sewage after secondary interception treatment is discharged into the liquid pool for storage; The solid sludge from single interception and secondary interception is dehydrated and dried and stored in a solid pool.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the porous medium-based sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method described in the present invention, the pretreatment of the sewage after physical filtration includes: physically filtering the sewage to remove large suspended particles, adjusting the pH value of the sewage to a neutral range, and adding flocculants to form flocs from tiny suspended particles.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to the present invention, the three-layer composite porous media from coarse to fine comprises: The first layer of medium is a metal sintered mesh with a pore size of 50-100 μm, the second layer of medium is a modified ceramic porous material with a pore size of 10-50 μm, and the third layer of medium is a hydrophobic nanofiber membrane with a pore size less than 1 μm; The modified ceramic porous material and the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane are subjected to surface enhancement treatment.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to the present invention, the surface enhancement treatment of the modified ceramic porous material and the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane comprises: A photocatalytic coating is loaded on the surface of the second layer of ceramic porous material to degrade organic matter, and the third layer of nanofiber membrane is hydrophobically modified to enhance the oil-water separation efficiency.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to the present invention, the backwashing of sewage after single interception treatment to achieve secondary interception treatment includes: Based on the filter pressure difference threshold, the air-water combined backwash is triggered to remove pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium, and the backwash single interception wastewater is returned to the pretreatment step.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the wastewater solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media described in the present invention, the air-water combined backwashing triggered based on the filtration pressure difference threshold includes: The gas-water combined backwashing includes gas backwashing and hydraulic backwashing; The gas recoil comprises utilizing the gas hammer effect to strip off the pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium; The hydraulic backwashing includes using a backwash water pump to remove pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to the present invention, the physical filtration of sewage includes: Use rotating mechanical grille or vibrating screen, equipped with screw conveyor for automatic physical filtration.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the porous medium-based sewage solid-liquid separation method of the present invention, the dehydration and drying of the single-interception and secondary-interception solid sludge comprises: The intercepted solid sludge is dehydrated and dried, and the liquid effluent is disinfected.

[0016] In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device comprising: one or more processors; a storage device on which one or more programs are stored, and when the one or more programs are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method described in any implementation method of the above-mentioned first aspect.

[0017] In a third aspect, some embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect is implemented.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it proposes a solid-liquid separation treatment method for sewage based on porous media. Through the three-in-one technology chain of "gradient interception-functional modification-intelligent regeneration", the present invention systematically solves the core problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, short life, and difficult sludge disposal in traditional solid-liquid separation. It has significant technical competitiveness and commercial promotion value in the field of industrial wastewater treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort. Among them: Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a wastewater solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the actual structure of a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Example

[0025] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a sewage solid-liquid separation treatment method based on porous media, comprising: Step 1: Wastewater pretreatment 1.1 Physical Filtration Physically filter the sewage and pre-treat the sewage after physical filtration; The pretreatment of the wastewater after physical filtration includes: physically filtering the wastewater to remove large suspended particles, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to a neutral range, and adding flocculants to form flocs from tiny suspended particles.

[0026] Equipment selection: Use a rotating mechanical screen (gap 5mm) or a vibrating screen (stainless steel 316L) with a supporting screw conveyor for automatic slag removal.

[0027] Filtration accuracy: Two-stage filtration, the first-level grid intercepts debris >10mm, and the second-level screen intercepts 5-10mm particles.

[0028] Operating parameters: screen inclination 30°-45°, speed 2-5rpm, power ≤1.5kW.

[0029] 1.2 Chemical regulation pH adjustment: Through the online pH probe (accuracy ±0.1) linked to the metering pump, H2SO4 (concentration 10%) or NaOH (concentration 5%) is added to control the reaction tank residence time to be ≥5min.

[0030] Flocculant addition: PAC (polyaluminium chloride): dosage 50-100 mg / L, mixed with sewage in a rapid mixing tank (G value 300s⁻¹) for 30s; PAM (anionic polyacrylamide): Dosage 0.5-2 mg / L, react in a slow flocculation tank (G value 50s⁻¹) for 10 minutes to form 3-5 mm flocs.

[0031] Step 2: Porous Media Gradient Filtration 2.1 Multilayer dielectric structure design The pretreated sewage is sequentially passed through three layers of composite porous media from coarse to fine for single interception treatment; the three layers of composite porous media from coarse to fine include: The first layer of medium is a metal sintered mesh with a pore size of 50-100 μm, the second layer of medium is a modified ceramic porous material with a pore size of 10-50 μm, and the third layer of medium is a hydrophobic nanofiber membrane with a pore size less than 1 μm; The modified ceramic porous material and the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane are subjected to surface enhancement treatment. A photocatalytic coating is loaded on the surface of the second layer of ceramic porous material to degrade organic matter, and the third layer of nanofiber membrane is subjected to hydrophobic modification to enhance oil-water separation efficiency.

[0032] First layer (coarse filter layer): Material: 316L stainless steel sintered mesh, pore size gradient 50-100μm, porosity 45%, thickness 5mm; Support structure: corrugated plate frame, compressive strength ≥10MPa, to prevent the medium layer from collapsing.

[0033] Second layer (adsorption layer): Materials: Diatomaceous earth-based porous ceramic (specific surface area ≥ 20 m² / g), loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (particle size 50 nm, loading 5 wt%), which enhances the adsorption of heavy metals (such as Pb²+ and Cd²+) through magnetic response; Modification process: impregnation-calcination method, sintering at 800℃ for 2h to form a stable porous structure.

[0034] The third layer (fine filtration layer): Materials: PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) nanofiber membrane, prepared by electrospinning (spinning solution concentration 15%, voltage 25kV), pore size 0.1-0.8μm, porosity 70%; Composite reinforcement: Embedding carbon nanotube (CNT) network (addition amount 0.1%) to increase the tensile strength of the membrane to 15MPa.

[0035] 2.2 Dynamic Filtering Control Backwashing the sewage after single interception treatment to achieve secondary interception treatment; Sensor configuration: Differential pressure transmitter (range 0-0.5MPa, accuracy 0.5%FS) monitors transmembrane pressure (TMP) in real time; The electromagnetic flowmeter (accuracy ±0.2%) feeds back the water inlet flow.

[0036] Adaptive adjustment: When TMP≥0.2MPa, the PLC system reduces the frequency of the water inlet pump according to the PID algorithm (e.g., from 50Hz to 40Hz) to maintain the flow rate at 0.8-1.2m³ / h; The pollution index (FI=ΔP / (μ·Q)) is displayed on the HMI interface to warn of membrane pollution status.

[0037] Step 3: Surface modification to enhance separation 3.1 Photocatalytic functionalization Coating preparation: The sol-gel method is used to load TiO2 (anatase type) on the surface of the ceramic medium with a thickness of 2-5μm; UV activation conditions: wavelength 365nm, irradiation intensity 50mW / cm², duration 30min.

[0038] Degradation mechanism: Under UV light, TiO2 produces OH free radicals, which degrade organic substances such as benzene series and phenols (degradation rate ≥ 85%). Reaction formula: TiO2+hν→e⁻+h⁺→h⁺+H2O→·OH+H⁺.

[0039] 3.2 Hydrophobic modification demulsification Grafting process: The nanofiber membrane was immersed in 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (concentration 1%) ethanol solution and reacted at 60°C for 4 h; The water contact angle is increased from 75° to 145°, achieving super hydrophobic properties.

[0040] Oil-water separation mechanism: Using the Cassie-Baxter model, oil droplets (such as diesel and lubricating oil) quickly coalesce on the hydrophobic membrane surface, achieving a separation efficiency of 98.5%; Demulsification flux ≥500L / (m 2 h), the oil content of the permeate is <10 mg / L.

[0041] Step 4: Backwash regeneration 4.1 Trigger Conditions Based on the filter pressure difference threshold, the air-water combined backwash is triggered to remove pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium, and the backwash single interception wastewater is returned to the pretreatment step.

[0042] Pressure difference threshold: Set TMP = 0.25MPa as the recoil trigger point, and combine it with time control (forced recoil once every 8 hours of operation).

[0043] Contamination judgment: When the FI value exceeds the baseline value by 20% for three consecutive samples, emergency backwash is initiated.

[0044] 4.2 Backflush Operation Air-water synergy: Gas recoil: compressed air (pressure 0.15MPa, flow rate 2Nm 3 / min) for 30 seconds, using the air hammer effect to remove deep dirt; hydraulic backwash: backwash pump (lift 20m) flushing at 8L / (m²·s) for 120 seconds, with the water temperature controlled at 35-40℃ (to enhance the solubility of pollutants).

[0045] Wastewater treatment: After the backwash wastewater passes through the cyclone separator to remove large particles of sludge, it returns to the pretreatment unit for further treatment.

[0046] Step 5: Separation product processing 5.1 Solid Phase Resource Utilization The sewage after secondary interception treatment is discharged into the liquid pool for storage; The solid sludge from single interception and secondary interception is dehydrated and dried and stored in a solid pool.

[0047] Sludge dewatering: Use a plate and frame filter press (filtration pressure 0.6MPa) to reduce the sludge moisture content from 95% to 60%; The calorific value of the dried sludge is ≥1500kcal / kg and can be used as a raw material for co-processing in cement kilns.

[0048] Heavy metal recycling: The Fe3O4 loaded medium was acid washed (1 mol / L HCl) and Pb and Cd were recovered by electrolysis (recovery rate ≥ 90%).

[0049] 5.2 Liquid Phase Deep Treatment UV disinfection: Low-pressure mercury lamps (wavelength 254nm) are arranged in an array, with a dose of 30mJ / cm², which can inactivate E. coli (killing rate >99.99%). The effluent COD is less than 30mg / L, and SS is less than 5mg / L, meeting the industrial reuse standard (GB / T19923-2005). Example

[0050] The second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that it also includes the following test preparation and implementation process: Test objects and equipment configuration: Oily wastewater from a machinery processing plant was selected for treatment. The raw water quality was as follows: oil content (petroleum) 850±50mg / L, suspended solids (SS) 320±30mg / L, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 1600±200mg / L, and pH 4.5-6.0. The experimental apparatus was constructed according to the invention, including a pretreatment unit, a three-stage gradient filtration module, a backwash system, and a product treatment unit. The specific parameters are as follows: Preprocessing unit: A rotating grille (gap 5 mm) and a vibrating screen (aperture 2 mm) are connected in series, with a screen inclination of 40° and a rotation speed of 3 rpm; The pH adjustment tank has a volume of 2m³ and is equipped with an online pH meter (accuracy ±0.1) and a metering pump (H2SO4 dosage 0.8L / min); The flocculation reaction tank is divided into a rapid mixing zone (G value 300s -1 , residence time 30s) and slow flocculation zone (G value 50s -1 , residence time 10min), adding PAC80mg / L and PAM1.0mg / L.

[0051] Gradient Filtering Module: First layer: 316L stainless steel sintered mesh (pore size 50-100μm, thickness 5mm, porosity 45%), with a corrugated plate structure as the supporting frame; Second layer: Fe3O4-loaded diatomite ceramics (pore size 10-50μm, specific surface area 22m² / g, Fe3O4 loading 5wt%); The third layer: PVDF nanofiber membrane (pore size 0.5 μm, porosity 70%, surface grafted fluorosilane hydrophobic layer).

[0052] Backwash system: Pressure differential trigger threshold 0.25MPa, air-water combined backwash (compressed air pressure 0.15MPa, backwash water intensity 8L / (m²·s)); The backwash cycle is automatically executed every 6 hours of operation, and the backwash wastewater is returned to the pretreatment unit after cyclone separation.

[0053] Implementation process and parameter records: The test was run continuously for 30 days, with a daily water treatment volume of 100m³. The process was as follows: Pretreatment stage: The raw water passes through a screen to intercept debris >5mm and then enters a vibrating screen to remove particles >2mm; then it enters a pH adjustment tank to stabilize the pH to 7.0±0.2; finally, it undergoes a flocculation reaction to generate 3-5mm flocs.

[0054] Gradient filtration stage: Sewage passes through the three-level media in sequence at a flow rate of 1.0m³ / h. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) and flow rate are monitored in real time. The PLC system dynamically adjusts the pump frequency to maintain TMP ≤ 0.25MPa.

[0055] Backwash stage: When the TMP reaches the threshold or has been running for 6 hours, the air-water combined backwash (30s air flush + 120s water flush) is triggered, and the backwash wastewater is returned to the pretreatment tank after cyclone separation.

[0056] Product processing: The liquid effluent is disinfected by UV (dosage 30mJ / cm²) and then stored in a reuse water tank; The solid sludge was dehydrated by a plate and frame filter press (pressure 0.6 MPa, time 2 h), and the moisture content dropped from 95% to 60%. The calorific value after drying was detected to be 1550 kcal / kg.

[0057] Controlled trial design: In order to verify the advantages of the present invention, two groups of control experiments were set up simultaneously: Control 1 (traditional single-layer filtration): only the third layer of PVDF membrane was used (no gradient medium and surface modification), and backwashing was performed with pure water (intensity 10 L / (m²·s)); Control 2 (conventional multi-stage filtration): two stages of stainless steel mesh (100μm + 50μm) connected in series, without adsorption layer and hydrophobic membrane.

[0058] Experimental data table:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Synergistic effect of gradient filtration and surface modification: As shown in Table 2, the present invention achieves a cumulative suspended solids (SS) removal rate of 85.9% and a petroleum removal rate of 98.1% through three-stage media gradient interception, significantly higher than Control 1 (single-layer membrane SS removal rate of 73.2%, petroleum removal rate of 89.5%) and Control 2 (two-stage network SS removal rate of 68.1%, petroleum removal rate of 76.3%). The core innovation lies in: Pore ​​size gradient design: The first layer of metal mesh intercepts large particles and reduces the load of subsequent layers (compared with the SS concentration after pretreatment in Table 1, the present invention is 85 mg / L, while the control 2 is 120 mg / L); Functionalized media: The second layer of Fe3O4-loaded ceramic adsorbs colloids and heavy metals (measured Pb²+ adsorption reaches 12 mg / g), and the third layer of hydrophobic membrane breaks the emulsion through the Cassie-Baxter effect (contact angle 145°). The oil-water separation efficiency is more than 30% higher than that of traditional membranes (Table 2: 97.1% removal rate of the third layer vs. 89.5% of the control 1 membrane layer).

[0065] Backwash regeneration and long-term operation: As shown in Table 3, the combined gas-water backwashing technology of the present invention stabilizes the membrane flux recovery rate at 96.2%, and the backwash frequency is only 50% of that of the control 1. Its creativity lies in: Air hammer effect strips away deep pollution: compressed air impact causes the Fe3O4 particles in the ceramic layer to vibrate, releasing adsorbed heavy metals (the Pb²+ concentration in the backwash wastewater reaches 8 mg / L), avoiding medium blockage; Hydrophobic membrane anti-fouling: Fluorosilane modification reduces oil adhesion, and the membrane flux attenuation rate after backflushing is reduced to 0.5% / day (control 1 is 3.2% / day).

[0066] Economic and environmental advantages: As shown in Table 5, the cost of treating one ton of water in the present invention is RMB 1.25, which is 54.5% lower than that of the control 1 (RMB 2.75). The core factors include: Extended media life: Gradient filtration reduces the single-layer pollution load, and the membrane replacement cycle is >24 months (control 1 is only 3 months); Sludge resource utilization: As shown in Table 6, the sludge of the present invention has a calorific value of 1550 kcal / kg and can be directly used as fuel, while the sludge of control 1 requires additional treatment due to its high oil content (calorific value 950 kcal / kg).

[0067] Standards compliance verification: As shown in Table 4, the effluent COD of the application is 88 mg / L, which does not completely meet the first level A standard (≤50 mg / L), but can meet the requirement by subsequent addition of activated carbon adsorption (not in the scope of the application), while the petroleum (8.5 mg / L) and SS (4.2 mg / L) have reached the standard. In contrast, the COD and petroleum of control 1 and control 2 are seriously over-standard due to the lack of a deep separation layer.

[0068] Conclusion: The objective data in this example prove that the method has significant innovation in separation efficiency, pollution resistance, operating cost and sludge resource utilization, solves the contradiction of "high energy consumption-low efficiency-short life" in traditional technology, and is especially suitable for high-oil and high-suspended solids industrial wastewater treatment scenarios.

[0069] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application; the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media, characterized in that: include Physically filter the sewage and pre-treat the sewage after physical filtration; The pretreated sewage is sequentially passed through three layers of composite porous media from coarse to fine for single interception treatment; Backwashing the sewage after single interception treatment to achieve secondary interception treatment; The sewage after secondary interception treatment is discharged into the liquid pool for storage; The solid sludge from single interception and secondary interception is dehydrated and dried and stored in a solid pool.

2. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 1, characterized in that The pretreatment of the physically filtered sewage includes: physically filtering the sewage to remove large suspended particles, adjusting the pH value of the sewage to a neutral range, and adding flocculants to form flocs from tiny suspended particles.

3. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-layer composite porous medium from coarse to fine includes: The first layer of medium is a metal sintered mesh with a pore size of 50-100 μm, the second layer of medium is a modified ceramic porous material with a pore size of 10-50 μm, and the third layer of medium is a hydrophobic nanofiber membrane with a pore size less than 1 μm; The modified ceramic porous material and the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane are subjected to surface enhancement treatment.

4. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface enhancement treatment of the modified ceramic porous material and the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane comprises: A photocatalytic coating is loaded on the surface of the second layer of ceramic porous material to degrade organic matter, and the third layer of nanofiber membrane is hydrophobically modified to enhance the oil-water separation efficiency.

5. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backwashing of the sewage after the single interception treatment to achieve the secondary interception treatment includes: Based on the filter pressure difference threshold, the air-water combined backwash is triggered to remove pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium, and the backwash single interception wastewater is returned to the pretreatment step.

6. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of triggering the combined air-water backwash based on the filter pressure difference threshold includes: The gas-water combined backwashing includes gas backwashing and hydraulic backwashing; The gas recoil comprises utilizing the gas hammer effect to strip off the pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium; The hydraulic backwashing includes using a backwash water pump to remove pollutants on the surface and inside of the porous medium.

7. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical filtration of sewage comprises: Use rotating mechanical grille or vibrating screen, equipped with screw conveyor for automatic physical filtration.

8. The method for solid-liquid separation of sewage based on porous media according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dehydration and drying treatment of the solid sludge from single interception and secondary interception includes: The intercepted solid sludge is dehydrated and dried, and the liquid effluent is disinfected.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that include: one or more processors; a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon, characterized in that When the instructions are executed by a processor, the processor implements the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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